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futurity_sci_tech 00164.txt

#Sensor device grabs energy in odd places University of Washington Posted by Michelle Ma-Washington on September 4 2014scientists have built a new power harvester that uses natural fluctuations in temperature and pressure as its power source. The device harvests energy in any location where these temperature changes naturally occur powering sensors that can check for water leaks or structural deficiencies in hard-to-reach places and alerting users by sending out a wireless signal. ressure changes and temperature fluctuations happen around us all the time in the environment which could provide another source of energy for certain applicationssays Shwetak Patel associate professor of computer science and engineering and of electrical engineering at the University of Washington. The team got inspiration from a 17th-century clock made for a king that got its power fromâ changes in temperature and atmospheric pressure. Three centuries later Swiss engineer Jean Leon Reutter built on that idea and created the Atmos mechanical clock which can run for years without needing to be wound manually. The new system works like this: A metal bellows about the size of a cantaloupe is filled with a temperature-sensitive gas. When the gas heats and cools in response to the outside air temperature it expands and contracts causing the bellows to do the same. Small cantilever motion harvesters are placed on the bellows and convert this kinetic energy into electrical energy. This powers sensors that also are placed on the bellows and data collected by the sensors is sent wirelessly to a receiver. A number of battery-free technologies exist that are powered by solar and ambient radio frequency waves. The researchers say this technology would be useful in places where sun and radio waves can t always penetrate such as inside walls or bridges and below ground where there might be at least small temperature fluctuations. For instance the device could be placed in an attic or inside a wall and sensors would be tuned to check for water leaks. Similarly when used inside a bridge the sensors could detect any cracks forming or structural deficiencies. In both cases the sensors would send a signal to the nearby powered receiver. A temperature change of only 0. 25 degrees Celsius creates enough energy to power the sensor node to read and send data wirelessly to a receiver 5 meters away. That means any slight shift in an office building s air conditioning or the natural outside air temperature during the course of a day would be more than enough to activate the chemical in the bellows. The technology uses temperature changes over time as its power source. Devices called thermoelectric generators also leverage varying temperatures for power but these instruments require a temperature difference at an exact moment such as in a place where one side is hot and the other is cool. The researchers have filed patents for the technology and plan to make it smaller about the size of A d battery. A future version would include four chemicals that activate in different temperature ranges so the same device could be used in various climates. think our approach is uniquesays Chen Zhao lead author and doctoral student in electrical engineering. e provide a simple design that includes some 3d printed and off-the-shelf components. With our web page and source code others can download and build their own power harvesters. dditional researchers from University of Washington and Southern Methodist University contributed to the project. The team will present its research at the Association for Computing Machinery s International Joint Conference on Pervasive and Ubiquitous computing this month in Seattle. The Intel Science and Technology Center for Pervasive Computing at the University of Washington and the Sloan Foundation supported the work. Source: University of Washingtonyou are free to share this article under the Creative Commons Attribution-Noderivs 3. 0 Unported license n

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