funding research into a new way to deliver protein-based cancer-fighting drugs and other therapeutics directly into cells.
it also presents a target of a molecular class already well-established to be useful for drug discovery.
Drug development has proven problematic due to the limited understanding of the underlying causes of ASD,
as demonstrated by the recent failure of several much anticipated drug trials. There are also no current, reliable diagnostic biomarkers for ASD.
which impedes diagnosis and, ultimately, drug development. There simply may be too many targets, each with too small an effect.
In the area of drug discovery, scientists at the Center for Autism Research & Translation continue to probe the IP3R channel,
unless a specially designed drug has been administered. This controller drug forms a chemical bridge between components inside the CAR T cells
When the drug is no longer present, the T cells revert to an ffposition. The power of the new system is illustrated vividly in videos taken by the researchers through microscopes.
but only after the controller drug had been administered. Controlling Through Drug Dosagethe drug-based remote control system devised by Lim
and colleagues does more than merely switch CAR T cells between nand ffstates. It can also act like a rheostat:
the dosage of the drug precisely regulates the level of the T cellsimmune activity. These combined control capabilities could be employed to manage the various side effects of CAR T therapy.
By ialing inthe level of immune response using appropriate dosages of the controller drug, doctors may be able to precisely manage these side effects to meet individual patientsneeds.
and drug screening. However, many of these microfluidic devices operate at only a few hundred cells per second,
This method will allow us to see which drug will activate a given gene. An individual cells rely on the same set of genes as instructions for protein production.
For example, they could look for a drug that could change the hypermethylation that has been associated with a specific cancer.
or water and therapeutic drug monitoring at home, a feature which could drastically improve the efficient of various class of drugs and treatments v
#afepay First anti-fraud system to use existing credit card readers From large-scale data breaches such as the 2013 Target case to local schemes that use skimming devices to steal data at the gas pump,
or water and therapeutic drug monitoring at home, a feature which could drastically improve the efficient of various class of drugs and treatments v
#Self-assembling material that grows and changes shape could lead to artificial arteries Researchers at Queen Mary University of London (QMUL) have developed a way of assembling organic molecules into complex tubular tissue-like structures without the use of moulds
or more effective drug screening methods. Alvaro Mata, Director of the Institute of Bioengineering at QMUL and lead author of the paper
#Researchers disguise drugs as platelets to target cancer Researchers have developed for the first time a technique that coats anticancer drugs in membranes made from a patient own platelets,
allowing the drugs to last longer in the body and attack both primary cancer tumors and the circulating tumor cells that can cause a cancer to metastasize.
The work was tested successfully in an animal model. here are two key advantages to using platelet membranes to coat anticancer drugs,
the drug carriers aren identified as foreign objects, so last longer in the bloodstream. his combination of features means that the drugs can
not only attack the main tumor site, but are more likely to find and attach themselves to tumor cells circulating in the bloodstream essentially attacking new tumors before they start,
which are placed then in a solution with a nanoscale gel containing the anticancer drug doxorubicin (Dox),
so that their surfaces are coated with the anticancer drug TRAIL, which is most effective at attacking the cell membranes of cancer cells.
and TRAIL in the pseudo-platelet drug delivery system was significantly more effective against large tumors
Gu says. nd we think it could be used to deliver other drugs, such as those targeting cardiovascular disease, in
REACH researchers are laying the foundation for interactive software that would allow drug developers, or maybe even doctors, to provide lots of information,
or other drugs, said co-author Kristine Wylie, Phd, assistant professor of pediatrics. In the meantime, the technology can be used by scientists to study viruses in a research setting.
whether HIV-positive people are infected with a drug-resistant strain or a non-resistant strain allow patients to get the most effective treatment as quickly as possible.
those pairs that perfectly match the target HIV RNA containing a mutation that causes drug resistance can rapidly become fused together,
quick and accurate HIV drug resistance mutation detection system for use in developing nations. e met soon thereafter
electrical devices (pacemakers or defibrillators) or drugs (eg beta blockers. However, these methods are relatively crude: they can stop
leading to new drug designs and reducing disease. DNA NANOSTRUCTURES: Conducting nanoscale biomolecular research could lead to low-cost DNA sequencing technologies,
and in turn create targeted drug delivery systems and help explain the molecular causes of disease.
and relapsing multiple sclerosis Three phase three clinical studies using the drug ocrelizumab to treat patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) have yielded positive results for treating two forms of the disease and the first ever positive results
on 732 patients with PPMS, found that those treated with the drug had a reduction in the progression of clinical disability of 24 per cent.
open up the possibility that a single drug designed to target this molecular fault could be developed to treat both diseases.
electrical devices (pacemakers or defibrillators) or drugs (eg beta blockers. However, these methods are relatively crude: they can stop
and provide guidelines for designing drugs that could be effective against a broad range of viruses. The strategy involves enhancing the body interferon signaling system,
and continue their destructive march through the body. his dual mechanism of action is a great guideline for how we would like to build a new antiviral drug,
according to Holtzman, is that a drug with this dual function could be effective against different kinds of viruses that affect a variety of tissues,
drug discovery Mini-kidney organoids have now been grown in a laboratory by using genome editing to re-create human kidney disease in petri dishes.
The work paves the way for personalized drug discovery for kidney disease. The mini-kidney organoids were grown from pluripotent stem cells.
as important for understanding the potential of mini-kidneys for clinical kidney regeneration and drug discovery.
better ways to perform linical trials in a dishto test drugs and therapies that might work in humans.
to model human kidney development and to test for drug toxicity. Now, using gene-editing tools,
better ways of testing out drugs and therapies that might work in humans. g
#Snake venom helps hydrogels stop the bleeding Rice university lab employs clotting powers of viper-derived drug,
even in presence of anticoagulants A nanofiber hydrogel infused with snake venom may be the best material to stop bleeding quickly, according to Rice university scientists.
particularly for patients who take anticoagulant drugs to thin their blood. t interesting that you can take something so deadly
an anticoagulant drug. rom a clinical perspective, that far and away the most important issue here, Hartgerink said. here a lot of different things that can trigger blood coagulation,
then we could potentially restore sensitivity to drugs, she explained. t would mean a better chance of survival for women with ovarian cancer.
However, chemoresistance to platinum drugs remains a serious challenge to curing ovarian cancer. Murph recommends more research on mtor inhibitors to see how they can be modified to respond to chemotherapy. ive years ago
The discovery has raised hopes that a drug that targets the receptors and stops the cancer will soon be developed.
not just those with hereditary ovarian cancer. ome drugs are showing promise as a treatment for patients with hereditary ovarian cancer,
Researchers believe the Ror amilyof receptor molecules are attractive drug targets for three reasons. First, the receptors are not usually present in normal adult tissues
which means that any drug therapy will likely have few side effects. Second the location of the receptors on the outer surface of cancer cells means they can be accessed easily by drugs.
Third, Ror1 and Ror2 are a specific type of receptor that controls many other genes,
and spread of ovarian cancer. nce we better understand the roles of these receptors we will be in a position to develop a drug to target these receptors and hopefully halt ovarian cancer in its tracks,
and change how different people respond to drugs. But only if the CRISPR technique is specific enough.
and how they vary between cell types, during development or in response to drug treatment. urrent methods for controlling gene switches,
including drugs used in clinical trials, change the activity of many switches across the genome simultaneously,
and that could eventually lead to the development of a drug to enhance recovery from strokes n
Many drugs are targeted very, interacting with a particular protein or interfering with a particular pathway in the bacterial cell.
targeted drugs to enhance their effectiveness. he polypeptides punch holes in the membrane, which makes it very easy for other drugs to go through
and bypass some of the drug-resistant mechanisms, Cheng said. ogether, they work even better than a single agent.
Because the proteins have a preset design, Cheng predicts that scaling up production would not present significant challenges.
Today, the disease is treated usually with drugs, which can have serious side effects. It can also be treated with a procedure called cardiac ablation that burns away the malfunctioning cells using a high-powered laser that threaded into the heart on a catheter.
Drugs that flip this switch rapidly reduced obesity and diabetes risk factors in mice fed a high fat diet.
The results suggest that drugs capable of targeting similar molecular pathways in human fat cells could one day become major tools for fighting the growing worldwide epidemics of obesity and type 2 diabetes, according to senior
Early drugs also had dangerous cardiovascular side effects, which are of particular concern in obese patients.
CK2-blocking drugs boost metabolism prevent weight gain The researchers tested two anti-CK2 drugs for their ability to stimulate the production of new brown fat in mice:
Both drugs succeeded in turning significant amounts of white fat brown and significantly increasing the amount of energy mice burned
The drugs also significantly reduced the negative effects of a high-fat diet in mice, including reducing weight gain and, to the researcherssurprise,
but cautious about the prospects for using these drugs to treat human obesity in the near future. t exciting,
The difference is that Ovastasis plans to use those protein biomarkers as targets for a novel female birth control medication. he identification of drug targets that are selective to the egg
or to the sperm gives you opportunities to create small-molecule drugs for female and male contraception, contraceptive vaccines,
and opens opportunities for biological drug strategies that selectively target the gametes in the ovary and testis,
While effective, these drugs are steroids and interact with receptors in many organ systems in the body.
Like Ovastasis, Neoantigenics is focused on creating a targeted drug that will affect only those cells identified by the correct cell surface biomarkers.
the antibody-drug burrows inside them to release a toxic payload. ou add an antibody with a drug on it
and release the drug payload, triggering changes that result in cell death within a few days.
The drug can be used by both women and men but for female cancer patients especially, a treatment that doesn touch their body healthy tissues is a huge breakthrough. e think we have a way
so may find applications in drug toxicity tests, the search for new drugs and cell therapy.
making them useful for applications in drug discovery and toxicology. This study was supported by CREST program of Japan Agency for Medical Research and development,
said Freedman. e could also imagine this type of drug would be part of a cocktail therapy,
and reproduce, the Penn Vet scientists have focused on developing drugs that interfere with the host proteins
They noted that such drugs would only be given for a short duration, lessening the chance of serious side effects.
or drug targeting. The study by researchers Cheulhee Jung, Peter B. Allen and Andrew Ellington, published this week in the journal Nature Nanotechnology,
but it also suggests that these physical channels might be exploitable to deliver drug therapies. hope that the tools we have developed,
and by the pharmaceutical industry in the quest for novel anticancer drugs that block tumor-organ communication,
they observed a transfer of red material into the green healthy cells of the mice mammary fat pads. exican drug lords are not the only ones who use secret tunnels to move material across seemingly impenetrable borders,
when we discovered that a new drug we were studying specifically killed cancer cells with this mutation.
and his team showed that cancer cells with a mutated SETD2 gene were killed by a drug called AZD1775 that inhibits a protein called WEE1.
which could lead to new drugs for the disease. Tuberculosis, caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteria, has proved incredibly stubborn even in the age of powerful antibiotics,
In order to make new drugs, researchers need to search through the thousands of proteins in the bacterial world to find one that does something so important the bacterium can live without itnd then make a little block to match.
Joachimiak said. his is very important for finding a molecule to build a drug aroundou don want to inhibit a human enzyme, just the pathogen one.
Researchers have been interested in the mycobacterium IMPDH enzyme as a drug target for years Joachimiak said,
When scientists develop a new drug, they need to work with the pharmaceutical industry to perform extensive tests to ultimately bring it to the consumers.
Even powerful drugs to block the immune attack can entirely stop it. In a famous 1984 case, a California newborn known as aby Faereceived a baboon heart.
Mohiuddin says the pig heart gave out only when he decided to stop giving the baboon the novel immune-blocking drugs he had used. e believe it could have gone on forever,
New drugs are the most obvious story that could be told with the technology. A startup company called Synthorx, created by Romesberg
a way for another drug to attach to the protein at a specific site. The technology might also pave the way to new biotech drugs.
Nearly all such drugs proteins like insulin or the blood cell-booster erythropoietin, are made inside a bacterium or other cell.
But synthetic DNA could vastly expand what drugs are possible. That is because a normal cell builds proteins from just 20 amino acids,
stringing them together into long chains. Exactly which amino acid gets added next is specified by three-letter sequences of DNA, called codons.
Unlike conventional drugs, where chemists exert exquisite control over the position of every atom, with proteins they mostly still need a living thing to do their manufacturing for them. hen you get to whole proteins,
Turner thinks the system could be of interest to drug companies who could use it to generate ideas for new drugs. ou could make a million proteins with unnatural amino acids
And once synthetic biology leads to a new drug or vaccine, he thinks, wel get used to the idea of inventing life for our own good. ne has to pick the most near-term applications of this technology to show what it can really do for the good of mankind,
and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved the first-ever 3d printed drug, and it likely won't be the last.
Aprecia, which makes the drug, noted Spritam is designed to help epilepsy patients adhere to their treatment regimen
Aprecia uses its own Zipdose Technology platform to make the drug. Combining"formulation science"with 3d printing technology first developed at MIT, the company can make porous medications that disintegrate rapidly with very little liquid.
California, said in a press release. ur research is in the early phase of drug development process,
the structures could help scientists screen drugs for toxicity and model normal and diseased kidney function,
#Epilepsy drug is approved first FDA 3d printed pill The first 3d printed pill has been approved for use by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA.
The drug is fabricated with Aprecia proprietary Zipdose Technology platform, which uses 3d printing to produce a porous,
The resultant drug is highly porous and can support doses of up to 1, 000mg that disintegrate in the patient in less than 10 seconds. y combining 3d printing technology with a highly-prescribed epilepsy treatment,
#Skin patch material releases drugs when it stretches Researchers have developed a method of drug delivery that consists of an elastic patch that can be applied to the skin
and release drugs when the patch is stretched. The wearable, tensile strain-triggered drug delivery device has been developed by researchers at North carolina State university
and the University of North carolina at Chapel hill. his could be used to release painkillers whenever a patient with arthritic knees goes for a walk,
These microcapsules, in turn, are packed with nanoparticles that can be filled with drugs. The university said in a statement that the microcapsules stick halfway out of the film, on the side of the film that touches a patient skin.
The drugs release slowly from the nanoparticles and are stored in the microcapsules. When the elastic film is stretched
and effectively squeezing some of the stored drug out onto the patient skin, where it can be absorbed. hen the microcapsule is stretched from left to right,
co-senior author of the paper and an associate professor of mechanical and aerospace engineering at NC State. hat compression helps push the drug out of the microcapsule.
After being stretched, the microcapsule is refilled by the drugs that continue to leak out of the nanoparticles. his can be used to apply drugs directly to sites on the skin
In this configuration, the drugs can be squeezed through the microneedles. The microneedles are small enough to be painless,
but large enough to allow drugs to diffuse into the bloodstream through tiny capillaries underneath the skin. his expands the range of drugs that can be applied using the technology,
and a Ph d student in Zhu lab. ee now exploring how this tool can be used to apply drugs efficiently
The paper, tretch-Triggered Drug Delivery from Wearable Elastomers Containing Therapeutic Depots, is published online in the journal ACS Nano.
but slow progress is being made towards developing a drug treatment. So this proof-of-concept study is important
because it demonstrates that the memory game can help where drugs have failed so far. ecause the game is interesting,
and direct drugs to damaged tissues. Writing in the journal Nature Communications the researchers describe how they used ultrasound to move tiny polystyrene beads measuring only 3mm across
said Marzo. r you could hold a drug wherever you wanted to inside a patient,
similar to an ultrasound scanner but for manipulating particles Targeted drug delivery and moving your kidney stones around are among the applications the researchers think could emerge from their work.*
which means that bacteria that hide from drugs inside cells are now targets. In a study published today in Nature,
This resulting drug proved to be a powerful new treatment against Staphylococcus aureus; it actually helped mice clear staph infections at a stage
BACTERIA THAT HIDE FROM DRUGS INSIDE CELLS ARE TARGETS Staphylococcus aureus is a very common bacterium;
That's a big problem because drugs that are used normally against staph infections can take over four hours to work far longer than it takes for Staph bacteria to move into new cells,
the drug becomes far better at specifically targeting staph at specifically targeting Staph bacteria compared with conventional antibiotics."
"The researchers showed that the drug was effective against this strain; it worked the way it was designed to,
The drug is definitely in its infancy, but it holds a lot of promise. Scientists haven't been able to conclusively say
Because the drug acts inside cells it's possible that this treatment might one day help people avoid repeated infections,
it won wipe out the other bacteria beneficial bacteria with drugs distributed more broadly in the body.
of which are good indicators of a drug's effect on humans. Mariathasan declined to tell The Verge
"In addition, the drug is very specific, and so if it does make it to humans, doctors will probably only be able to give it to patients with a firm diagnosis. In some parts of the world,
In July 2014 the U s. Food and Drug Administration granted CTL019 its Breakthrough Therapy designation for the treatment of relapsed and refractory adult and pediatric ALL a step
#Optimal particle size for anticancer nanomedicines discovered Nanomedicines consisting of nanoparticles for targeted drug delivery to specific tissues
and his collaborators systematically evaluated the size-dependent biological profiles of three monodisperse drug-silica nanoconjugates at 20 50 and 200 nm.
and Leber's congenital amaurosis by providing novel drug targets to prevent photoreceptor degeneration concludes Dr. Cayouette.
We were pleased quite that the work led us to NOS3-targeting drugs that are already available
along with a drug that selectively destroys the diseased cells brimming with the mineral leaving non-cancer cells healthy.
The combination approach which uses two drugs already commercially available for other uses could soon be tested in clinical trials among patients with late-stage disease.
and then use a drug that requires copper to be effective to attack the tumors.
Among those they found was disulfiram a drug approved by the FDA to treat alcoholism.
The Duke team found that the amount of copper cancer cells naturally hoard is not enough to make the cells sensitive to the drug.
and controlled drug release systems the researchers said. Biomedical applications include microfluidic devices that can handle
Researchers used tumour cells derived from 100 different glioblastoma patients to test drugs that could target the disease.
when using a drug AZD8055 combined with Temozolomide (TMZ)--a drug already taken by most glioblastoma patients--the life of the animals was extended by 30 per cent.
and Dr. Lesley Seymour (Director of the NCIC Clinical Trials Group's Investigational New Drug Program) and drug manufacturer Astrazeneca to plan a clinical trial testing a similar but newer drug
This is an important initiative--to test new drugs being developed for other types of cancers in the laboratory to identify which are most promising for testing in patients with glioblastoma.
Dr Burton's work could point to the potential development of new drugs as well as new approaches to preventing brain damage and death.
Dr Burton has found that applying a drug that closes the water channels can inhibit initial water entry helping to close the window of vulnerability.
A second drug used later in the progression of the injury acts to enhance the water channel activity letting superfluous moisture out when needed.
This work also demonstrates for the first time that recently discovered drug-like compounds can be used in series to initially reduce water entry
Continued work showed that Yohimbin a drug that had been deregistered for several years effectively blocked the gene variant's damaging effects both in animal experiments
The fact that this was an old drug made this journey a lot faster. The substance had already been tested for safety
The substance must also be tested on more patients before it can become a clinical drug says Anders Rosengren adding purely theoretically the drug should be effective for the 40 per cent of type 2 diabetes sufferers who are carriers of the genetic risk variant.
For instance these methods could be used to identify biochemical pathways that cancer cells may use to develop drug resistance
By preventing protein production RNA interference may be used to get around the problem of difficult-to-target proteins a frequent challenge in drug development.
which cancer cells develop resistance to anticancer drugs--a process that typically involves gene activation n
In a paper published today in the journal Cancer cell the researchers report how the drug known as DTP3 kills myeloma cells in laboratory tests in human cells
The new drug works by stopping a key process that allows cancer cells to multiply. The team have been awarded Biomedical Catalyst funding from the Medical Research Council (MRC) to take the drug into a clinical trial in multiple myeloma patients scheduled to begin in late 2015.
Multiple myeloma is an incurable cancer of the bone marrow which accounts for nearly two per cent of all cancer deaths.
The new drug was developed by studying the mechanisms that enable cancer cells to outlive their normal lifespan
Further refinements led to the experimental drug DTP3 which tests showed kills cancer cells very effectively
and other drug candidates based on Professor Franzoso's research with support from Imperial Innovations a technology commercialisation company focused on developing the most promising UK academic research.
#Bio-inspired nano-cocoons offer targeted drug delivery against cancer cells Biomedical engineering researchers have developed a drug delivery system consisting of nanoscale ocoonsmade of DNA that target cancer cells
and trick the cells into absorbing the cocoon before unleashing anticancer drugs. The work was done by researchers at North carolina State university
and the University of North carolina at Chapel hill. his drug delivery system is based DNA which means it is biocompatible
Chapel hill. his technique also specifically targets cancer cells can carry a large drug load and releases the drugs very quickly once inside the cancer cellgu says. n addition
because we used self-assembling DNA techniques it is relatively easy to manufacturesays Wujin Sun lead author of the paper
The core of the nano-cocoon contains the anticancer drug doxorubicin (DOX) and a protein called DNASE.
and think it holds promise for delivering a variety of drugs targeting cancer and other diseases. he paper ocoon-Like Self-Degradable DNA-Nanoclew for Anticancer Drug Deliverywas published online Oct 13 in the Journal
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