The NAVOLCHI EU project serves to use the interaction of light and electrons in metal surfaces to develop novel components for optical data transmission between chips.
developing a new method to extract more efficient and polarized light from quantum dots (QDS) over a large-scale area.
These photonic crystals limit the direction that the QD-generated light is emitted meaning they produce polarized light,
or the development of silicon computing chips that process data communicated by photons of light instead of electricity.
they blocked its light and spotted 51 Eridani b orbiting a little farther away from its parent star than Saturn does from the sun
. Even though the light from the planet is very faint nearly a million times fainter than its star subsequent observations revealed that it is roughly twice the mass of Jupiter.
#New optical chip lights up the race for quantum computer The microprocessor inside a computer is a single multipurpose chip that has revolutionised people's life,
Now, researchers from the University of Bristol in the UK and Nippon Telegraph and Telephone (NTT) in Japan, have pulled off the same feat for light in the quantum world by developing an optical chip that can process photons in an infinite number
and control quantum states of light and matter. A major barrier in testing new theories for quantum science and quantum computing is the time
#New, ultrathin optical devices shape light in exotic ways Caltech engineers have created flat devices capable of manipulating light in ways that are very difficult
Manipulating the polarization of light is essential for the operation of advanced microscopes, cameras, and displays;
and phase of light,"says study first author Amir Arbabi, a senior researcher at Caltech."
"We can take any incoming light and shape its phase and polarization profiles arbitrarily and with very high efficiency."
a metasurface device could manipulate light in novel ways that are very hard and sometimes impossible to do using current setups.
"The two images will appear overlapped under illumination with light polarized at 45 degrees, "Faraon says.
an LSC absorbs the light on a plate embedded with highly efficient light-emitters called lumophores that then re-emit the absorbed light at longer wavelengths, a process known as the Stokes shift.
This re-emitted light is directed to a micro-solar cell for conversion to electricity. Because the plate is much larger than the micro-solar cell,
With a sufficient concentration factor, only small amounts of expensive III-V photovoltaic materials are needed to collect light from an inexpensive luminescent waveguide.
imperfect light trapping within the waveguide, and reabsorption and scattering of propagating photons. We replaced the molecular dyes in previous LSC systems with core/shell nanoparticles composed of cadmium selenide (Cdse) cores
"It is the scattering of light-be infrared it visible , X-ray, etc.,-from its interaction with matter that enables us to detect
For the past ten years, Zhang and his research group have been pushing the boundaries of how light interacts with metamaterials,
the light reflected off the surface of the skin cloak was identical to light reflected off a flat mirror,
The ability to manipulate the interactions between light and metamaterials offers tantalizing future prospects for technologies such as high resolution optical microscopes and superfast optical computers.
Though the spiral had been observed in waves of light, the team study is the first to produce the pattern with electrons.
Like all light, laser pulses feature electric fields that normally point in many directions. Polarizing a laser pulse aligns these fields along one direction,
and then essentially rotates the fields around an axis. The team first pulse of circularly polarized light rotated in one direction,
#A thermal invisibility cloak actively redirects heat Light, sound, and now, heat--just as optical invisibility cloaks can bend
and diffract light to shield an object from sight, and specially fabricated acoustic metamaterials can hide an object from sound waves,
#Pioneering research develops new way to capture light-for the computers of tomorrow The key breakthrough will allow large quantities of data to be stored directly on an integrated optical chip,
data transfer by means of light have long since become part of our everyday life, data on a computer are processed still
The team of scientists from Germany and England have made a key breakthrough by capturing light on an integrated chip,
narrow operational bandwidth and time consuming manufacturing processes. ur lens concept has a 3d subwavelength capability that is 30 times more efficient, able to tightly focus broadband light
nanometer particles with the ability to absorb light and re-emit it with well-defined colors.
"this tool should provide fast and reliable characterization of the different mechanisms cellular proteins use to bind to DNA strands information that could shed new light on the atomic-scale interactions within our cells
"In this light, Lu's invention represents a major advancement for the mobile health industry.""After producing the cut-and-pasted patches,
#Brightness-equalized quantum dots improve biological imaging Researchers at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign have introduced a new class of light-emitting quantum dots (QDS) with tunable and equalized fluorescence brightness
"In this work, we have made two major advances--the ability to precisely control the brightness of light-emitting particles called quantum dots,
because the amount of light emitted from a single dye is unstable and often unpredictable.
These attributes obscure correlations between measured light intensity and concentrations of molecules,"stated Sung Jun Lim, a postdoctoral fellow and first author of the paper"
and improve color tuning in light-emitting devices. In addition, BE-QDS maintain their equal brightness over time
The duration of their light pulses was ensured to be shorter than half a cycle of light in the spectral range investigated.
when the intensity of light and radio waves completely disappears. These findings are of fundamental importance for the development of quantum physics
representing the quantum ground state of light and radio waves. However, until now direct experimental proof of this basic phenomenon has been considered impossible.
From spontaneous emission of light by excited atoms e g. in a fluorescent tube to influences on the structure of the universe during the Big Bang:
--and successfully demonstrated that light can drive a current using a silver nanowire.""Our devices are a step towards miniaturization below the diffraction limit,
"It is a step towards using light to drive, or, at least complement electronic circuitry for faster information transfer."
The device expands on previous work demonstrating that light could be transmitted along a silver nanowire as a plasmon
the light corresponded to the band gap of Mos2, rather than solely to the laser's wavelength, demonstrating that the plasmons effectively nudged the electrons in Mos2 into a different energy state."
finding that it was sensitive to the polarization of the incoming light and was at its strongest
when the light was polarized parallel to the wire. They also found that the device was sensitive to the laser's excitation wavelength,
using heat, instead of light, to measure magnetic systems at short length and time scales. Researchers led by Greg Fuchs,
The light-generating DNA antibody detecting nanomachine is illustrated here in action, bound to an antibody.
and regulate the exchange of light, heat, and moisture. They thus play a special role in nature and technology.
a technique using electrons (instead of light or the eyes) to see the characteristics of a sample,
then convert that light into an electrical charge proportional to its intensity and wavelength. In the case of our eyes, the electrical impulses transmit the image to the brain.
"There's a built-in capability to sense weak light, "Ma says. Ultimately, the new phototransistors open the door of possibility,
when a plant uses light to break down water and carbohydrates, which are the main energy sources for the plant.
Light with photo energy can penetrate indirect band gap materials much more easily without getting absorbed
the zone plates focus by diffraction--bending light as it passes the edge of a barrier.
"Essentially, it has to absorb the light completely. It's hard to find a material that doesn't reflect
Incoming light bouncing between individual silicon nanowires cannot escape the complex structure, making the material darker than dark.
Each individual lens resembles a bull-eye of alternating light and dark. Arrays of lenses formed within a flexible polymer bend
the zone plates focus by diffraction--bending light as it passes the edge of a barrier.
"Essentially, it has to absorb the light completely. It's hard to find a material that doesn't reflect
Incoming light bouncing between individual silicon nanowires cannot escape the complex structure, making the material darker than dark.
which we might have to reexamine in light of new evidence. His team is now aiming to use cryofixation on other parts of the brain and even other types of tissue
so that light can now go through. This disturbance on the membrane the imprint of the protein fibers is transmitted down through the liquid crystal film,
so that it is large enough to be seen in polarized light with a simple optical microscope. Microscopic bright spots Seen through the microscope,
bright where the liquid crystal has been disturbed to let light pass. he liquid crystal is actually reporting what happening to the aggregates at the interface,
which detect strain by measuring shifts in the wavelength of light reflected by the optical fiber.
allowing light to escape. By measuring the loss of light, the researchers are able to calculate strain or other deformations.
Park said this type of flexible optical sensor could be incorporated into soft skins. Such a skin would
benefit from knowing whether they are in light or darkness. The photoreceptors bind to the DNA in the dark,
such as the engineering of light-directed control of DNA transcription, or the development of controlled interactions between proteins. would be interested very in thinking about
involves measuring the way light is scattered off large molecules and structures inside cells. Cancer cells can be detected
which harness the unusual properties of light-bending metamaterials, have shown theoretical promise for years. But outside of dramatic illusions made with lenses,
Cloaks have struggled also to handle many wavelengths of light at once. Now, a team at Zhejiang University in Hangzhou, China, has taken a significant step forward by making a cloak for infrared radiation,
#Migraines triggered by protein deep in the brain It can start with flashing lights, a tingling sensation and a feeling of unease, followed by excruciating pain.
#Echoless light could help send signals through walls and skin IT a call with no response.
and shone light through it. As expected, the light emerging at the other end had become distorted.
They measured the exact degree of distortion and how the profile of the pulse changed on its journey through the fibre.
holograms and beyond Novel tech that manipulates light has applications beyond holograms, from studying alien worlds to making cellphones more energy efficient In 2010,
The technology is a new way to manipulate light, with applications from studying alien worlds to making cellphones more energy efficient."
The film is made of a photoreactive polymer that responds to both the intensity and the polarization of the light.
you have to understand that it doesn't have an inkjet--it prints light, and it prints in four dimensions.
And it can also vary the intensity of the light. But, crucially, it is also capable of controlling the orientation angle of the linear polarization of the light.
Think of a beam of light as a wiggling wave, which vibrates in a perpendicular direction relative to the direction it is traveling.
And this polarization angle can be manipulated without changing the angle the light is traveling. In other words, a laser can be pointed directly at an object and
This prevents light from"leaking"out of the pattern and corrupting the signal coming out of the hologram.
in theory, can use light to help them unravel the mysteries of the universe. But these theoretical designs were hampered often by the limits of technology."
and instrument designs that could make better use of the light collected by telescopes, "Escuti says."
"They wanted to redistribute the blazing light of the halo around a star, so that the faint light coming from a planet orbiting that star can be observed with better contrast
--and then analyze the planet's light to learn about its composition and other characteristics,
"With these components and techniques, we have for the first time in perhaps many decades fundamentally expanded the astronomer's toolkit for manipulating light from astronomical sources,
and designed in partnership with Snik for the International Year of Light. Escuti is continuing to work on new applications with direct support from the National Science Foundation and the Jet propulsion laboratory
Using light-generated radiation combined with phase-contrast X-ray tomography, the scientists visualized ultrafine details of a fly measuring just a few millimeters.
With a broader spectrum, meaning a larger variety of colors in the light, and a large number of light channels set next to each other,
The MESA+researchers have for a long time been looking for methods to generate the broadest possible light spectrum on a chip.
what they are calling he broadest light spectrum ever The chip achieves a bandwidth of 495thz,
While optical fibers have long been used for the transmission of data with light, inside a computer
and Applied sciences (SEAS) say they have made it easier to manipulate light at the nanoscale. They have developed the first on-chip metamaterial with a refractive index of zero,
meaning that the phase of light can travel infinitely fast. The new metamaterial was developed in the lab of Eric Mazur, the Balkanski Professor of Physics and Applied Physics and Area Dean for Applied Physics AT SEAS,
or manipulated but this metamaterial permits us to manipulate light from one chip to another, to squeeze,
"This uniform phase allows the light to be stretched or squashed, twisted or turned, without losing energy.
as incoming waves of light are effectively spread out and infinitely long, enabling even distant particles to be entangled
And because the extremely thin buffer layer allows light to be emitted in the plane of the wafer
and lights up whenever any of the cells are activated. Observing a mouse spinal cord through a microscope
which detect strain by measuring shifts in the wavelength of light propagating through optical fiber. Conventional pressure or force sensors are problematic
allowing light to escape. By measuring the loss of light, the researchers are able to calculate strain or other deformations.
Industrial robots, working in a controlled environment where people aren't present, are capable of extremely precise manipulation with only limited sensors.
The light reflects off of the balloon's shiny interior and activates the patch's adhesive coating.
#Light-Sheet Microscope Pushes Resolution Limits With resolution seven times greater than conventional light-sheet microscopes, an advanced device can capture cell-level 3d images across entire small organisms.
so the surgeons had to remove a piece of the tissue before shining a light on it.
and at 350 grams should be light enough that it's not too distracting to players s
which wavelengths of light it reflects. An application of this material could be useful for certain types of camouflage during the day,
or changes in how light is reflectederfect for maneuvering drones through small spaces with lots of obstacles.
Previous attempts to hide faces from computers have resorted to eye-catching makeup or dangling lights from baseball caps.
a technique using electrons (instead of light or the eyes) to see the characteristics of a sample,
Scientists at the Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research in Stuttgart and from LMU Munich have created now a material that uses light to produce the versatile energy source hydrogen from water.
in collaboration with colleagues from Harvard, have developed a new way to control light from phosphorescent emitters at very high speeds.
a process that often involves flipping the light on and off to encode information. Because of their slow lifetimes, phosphors have traditionally been a nonstarter for applications that require high-speed modulation.
"Instead of changing how much light is coming out, which can only be done slowly in phosphor emitters,
we came up with a system that changes another quality of that light, namely the color or spectrum of light emission,
They produce a lot of heat along with light which is a problem on a silicon chip. Erbium and other phosphors, on the other hand, can be deposited directly on silicon, making fabrication easier.
director of the Wireless@MIT center. ou could also imagine it being used to operate your lights and TVS,
director of the Wireless@MIT center. ou could also imagine it being used to operate your lights and TVS,
all of the light that you see reflected from the object is at that frequency. When you shine a red laser pointer at a wall, for example,
their idea was that the optical harmonic response of a crystal could serve as a fingerprint of multipolar order. e found that light reflected at the second harmonic frequency revealed a set of symmetries completely different from those of the known crystal structure,
whereas this effect was completely absent for light reflected at the fundamental frequency. This is a very clear fingerprint of a specific type of multipolar order,
The current study also sheds new light on the transmission to children of LGDS that are carried by parents who harbor them but
Researchers bioengineer cells to make them sensitive to specific frequencies of light, then use light pulses to switch cells,
The beams of light emanating from the fluorescence molecules can be measured through the top of the mice's skulls.
The team used a red dye called ruthenium to tune the wavelength of light it captures
but theye also an ongoing field of interest to scientific researchers, who are continually working on ways to manipulate how objects interact with light to see
and when done so, manages to mask their 3d shape by reflecting light waves. his is the first time a 3d object of arbitrary shape has been cloaked from visible light,
or curve the reflection of light via their physical structure rather than their chemical composition, essentially rendering objects optically undetectable.
When light falls on the activated cloak, its array of nanoantennae distort the usual reflection of light from the object underneath,
#New light-based memory chip is the first ever to permanently store data Scientists in the UK have developed the first ever memory chip that entirely light-based
"But we think using light can significantly speed this up.""Making light-based computers isn as simple as replacing electrons with light particles-or photons-in current computers.
running them on light instead of electricity, and this new light-based computer chip brings us one step closer to that goal.
Known as photonic memory, light-based memory is not a new concept, but it posed quite a challenge to engineers in the past.
Not only have previous attempts at light-based computer chips turned out to be quite volatile, theye all required power to store data,
a much lower intensity pulse of light is sent through the waveguide, and the amount of light that transmitted from one end to the other will depend on
so their light-based memory chips can directly interact with the other components using light, rather than electrical signals."
Huo and her team at UCF's Nanoscience Technology Center developed a technique known as nanoparticle-enabled dynamic light scattering assay (Nanodlsay) to measure the size of the particles by analyzing the light they throw off.
and"in the default mode, the light is red.""But when a growth factor switches on a receptor, special enzymes change the light embedded in the membrane from red to green.
Then, after the signal is transmitted further into the cell's interior, it is time to switch the signal back to red.
#Versatile switch for light-controlled cells: The structure of the light-driven ion pump KR2 may provide a blueprint for new optogenetic tools In 2013,
scientists made an unexpected discovery while investigating the marine bacterium Krokinobacter eikastus. In its cellular membrane, the bacterium had a previously unknown type of ion transporter.
When exposed to light, these proteins allow charged particles to flow into the cell or transport them outside the cell.
but also one of the mutations seemed to turn KR2 into a light-driven potassium pump--the first of its kind.
With a light-activated, active potassium pump this process could be controlled precisely.""This would make KR2 a very effective off-switch for neurons.
"In combination with the light-activated Channelrhodopsin 2, which is used in labs worldwide as a molecular off-switch,
which is related to the localization of light inside the cylinder, and nonresonant, which is characterized by smooth dependence on the wave frequency.
Metamaterials are capable of changing the direction of light in exotic ways, including making light curve around the cloaked object.
"The device the team has developed--called the D3 (digital diffraction diagnosis) system--features an imaging module with a battery-powered LED light clipped onto a standard smartphone that records high-resolution imaging data with its camera.
#Graphene pushes the speed limit of light-to-electricity conversion ICFO researchers Klaas-Jan Tielrooij, Lukasz Piatkowski,
The new device that the researchers developed is capable of converting light into electricity in less than 50 femtoseconds (a twentieth of a millionth of a millionth of a second.
Thus, the energy absorbed from light is efficiently and rapidly converted into electron heat. Next, the electron heat is converted into a voltage at the interface of two graphene regions with different doping.
thus enabling the ultrafast conversion of absorbed light into electrical signals. As Prof. van Hulst states"
Experts say that recent advances in LED TECHNOLOGY have made it possible to modulate the LED light more rapidly,
opening the possibility of using light for wireless transmission in a"free space optical communication system.""In addition to improving the experience for users,
and creates an invisible cone of light about one meter square in which the data can be received.
Buccheri explains that he has always been interested in the polarization of light and how it can be exploited for different uses.
We believe this work represents a conceptual and practical engineering advance for on-demand, reversible control of light from nanoscopic sources."
where the light is concentrated around each nanoparticle and then amplified. In contrast to conventional laser cavities, no mirrors are required for the light to bounce back and forth.
Notably, as the laser color is tuned, the nanoparticle cavity stays fixed and does not change;
where light limits the size you can measure. This so-called'diffraction limit'plays no part in this new technology."
In our everyday lives, the effects of the radiation pressure of light can be neglected. Your furniture is moved not over even though the light,
or more generally the electromagnetic radiation, emitted by your lamps bounces off from its surfaces thus creating a radiation pressure force.
In light of our results, these rules need to be reviewed to take into account the possibility of airborne transmission of noroviruses.
A new study demonstrates for the first time that an antimicrobial dye activated by light avidly adheres to bone to prevent bacteria from growing on bone fragments used in reconstructive surgery
and appear to have excellent antimicrobial properties in the presence of light, "says Noreen Hickok, Ph d.,Associate professor of Orthopedic Surgery at Thomas Jefferson University."
But when the lights go on, TAPP becomes active, producing chemicals called reactive oxygen species, or ROS, that rapidly kill the bacteria.
As long as the lights were on, bacteria was unable to attach and grow on the surface of the bone.
Similar to X-ray light, highly energetic electrons can take snapshots of the interior of materials as they pass through them.
developing a new method to extract more efficient and polarized light from quantum dots (QDS) over a large-scale area.
These photonic crystals limit the direction that the QD-generated light is emitted meaning they produce polarized light,
"If you start with polarized light, then you double your optical efficiency, "See explained.""If you put the photonic crystal-enhanced quantum dot into a device like a phone or computer,
eliminating extraneous light, or"noise,"that would otherwise wash out the signals needed to detect a scene's contours."
The trick is to be able to record only the light from that spot as it is illuminated,
Scientists unveil new technique for spotting quantum dots to make high performance nanophotonic devices A quantum dot should produce one and only one photon--the smallest constituent of light--each time it is energized,
and then uses that knowledge to build optimized light-control devices in the right place."
"Dr Luca Sapienza, from the University's Quantum Light and Matter group, says:""This new technique is sort of a twist on a red-eye reducing camera flash,
They also demonstrated that more than 99 per cent of the light produced from their source came out as single photons.
#New optical chip lights up the race for quantum computer The microprocessor inside a computer is a single multipurpose chip that has revolutionized people's life,
Now, researchers from the University of Bristol in the UK and Nippon Telegraph and Telephone (NTT) in Japan, have pulled off the same feat for light in the quantum world by developing an optical chip that can process photons in an infinite number
and control quantum states of light and matter. A major barrier in testing new theories for quantum science and quantum computing is the time
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