or running air conditioning could be assisted by energy from fuel normally wasted as heat emissions One of the less well-known properties of graphene could enable the carbonaceous wonder-material to help combustion engine vehicles to make better use of the energy from their fuel by converting waste heat into electricity
Thermoelectric graphene composite, with graphene fragments ringed in the 2 m-scale image Internal combustion engines lose about 70 per cent of the energy from their fuel as heat,
which could improve the fuel economy of vehicles o
#Tilted nanomagnets open door for advances in computing The research, published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,
including water, oil, and biological fluids containing bacteria and blood. According to the researchers, all liquids were repelled,
where fouling can create drag leading to increased fuel consumption n
#Electric compressor could double output of hydrogen fuel cells Fuel cells require a constant source of oxygen to sustain the chemical reaction that they use to release positively charged hydrogen ions.
Supplying the hydrogen at high pressure is not generally a problem, but the flow of air can be a limiting factor. ur proprietary high speed motor
harvesting the hydrogen to be used as clean fuel. Sun-capturing electrodes are designed to absorb as much of the solar spectrum as possible to maximise efficiency.
with the hydrogen siphoned off to be used as fuel. The researchers hope that their work on the new electrode may act as a building block for other scientists working in the same area. ur study will encourage researchers in the field to develop ways to improve multiple processes using a single treatment,
but will cut fuel usage and emissions as well. lot of emissions and fuel usage are caused by acceleration,
and our system will allow the cars to make a much more constant speed, he says,
such as those transporting people between hospitals, cutting NHS fuel costs and improving patient care. So far, 20 traffic lights are using the system in Newcastle city centre.
But the fossil fuel industry is far from abandoning its own interest in British waters as the energy giant BP has announced that it is to invest about £670m to extend the life of its North sea assets.
Last year, the Convention executive secretary, Christiana Figueres, said the world long-term goal was to reduce greenhouse gases to zero by 2100#a target she said would require leaving three-quarters of fossil fuels in the ground. e just can afford to burn them she said a
and petroleum industries and is capable of sucking mercury out of both soil and water. The dark red polymer material is made using limonene,
The petroleum industry creates about 70 million tons of sulphur every year and the citrus industry produces 70,000 tons of limonene.
The company raised $5. 8 million back in October 2014 in order to fuel production c
#EU annual scorecard paints bleak picture of innovation efforts across Europe Whatever Europe plans to do to reboot its innovation economy,
Cloud Bigtable integrates with other Google big data products, such as messaging tool Pub/Sub, pipeline-builder Dataflow and analytics software Bigquery."
In the same way that gas must be in the fuel tank in order to power the car's engine proteins need to be in a specific compartment to properly exercise their functions.
#Carbonate rocks are unrecognized methane sink Since the first undersea methane seep was discovered 30 years ago scientists have analyzed meticulously
and measured how microbes in the seafloor sediments consume the greenhouse gas methane as part of understanding how the Earth works.
The sediment-based microbes form an important methane sink preventing much of the chemical from reaching the atmosphere
and contributing to greenhouse gas accumulation. As a byproduct of this process the microbes create a type of rock known as authigenic carbonate
which while interesting to scientists was thought not to be involved in the processing of methane. That is no longer the case.
A team of scientists has discovered that these authigenic carbonate rocks also contain vast amounts of active microbes that take up methane.
This goes to show how the global methane process is still rather poorly understood Thurber added.
Methane-derived carbonates represent a large volume within many seep systems and finding active methane-consuming archaea and bacteria in the interior of these carbonate rocks extends the known habitat for methane-consuming microorganisms beyond the relatively thin layer of sediment that may overlay a carbonate mound said Marlow
a geobiology graduate student in the lab of Victoria Orphan of Caltech. These assemblages are also found in the Gulf of mexico as well as off Chile New zealand Africa Europe
because the rock-based microbes potentially may consume a huge amount of methane. The microbes were less active than those found in the sediment
Studies have found that approximately 3-6 percent of the methane in the atmosphere is from marine sources
--and this number is so low due to microbes in the ocean sediments consuming some 60-90 percent of the methane that would otherwise escape.
Now those ratios will have to be reexamined to determine how much of the methane sink can be attributed to microbes in rocks versus those in sediments.
We found that these carbonate rocks located in areas of active methane seeps are themselves more active Thurber said.
when methane becomes available. In some ways these rocks are like armies waiting in the wings to be needed called upon
when to absorb methane. The ocean contains vast amounts of methane which has long been a concern to scientists.
Marine reservoirs of methane are estimated to total more than 455 gigatons and may be as much as 10000 gigatons carbon in methane.
A gigaton is approximate 1. 1 billion tons. By contrast all of the planet's gas and oil deposits are thought to total about 200-300 gigatons of carbon.
Story Source: The above story is provided based on materials by Oregon State university y
#Tool enhances social inclusion for people with autism The University of Alicante has developed together with centres in the UK Spain
and Bulgaria a tool designed to assist people with autism spectrum disorders by adapting written documents into a format that is easier for them to read
Androgens the male hormones that fuel prostate cancer increase the copper accumulation in the cancer cells.
and oil production also wields control of cellular growth--and tumor growth--in humans. Christoph Benning MSU professor of biochemistry and molecular biology and his colleagues unearthed the protein's potential
versus producing oil. When algae are awake they grow; when they're asleep they produce oil.
Producing oil is part of the cells'survival strategy when it's under stress said Chia-Hong Tsai doctoral candidate with MSU's Department of energy Plant Research Laboratory
and Department of Plant Biology and co-author. They go into quiescence to conserve energy and nutrients.
and produce oil simultaneously. The secret for making this happen was CHT7--the gatekeeper that cues cells to wake up
and gives scientists a way to potentially produce high amounts of oil and biomass. In terms of human medicine this discovery gives scientists a promising new model to study tumor suppression and growth.
but is visible from the gas around it. The gas is being acted upon by the black hole's very strong gravitational field.
The wavelengths that make Sagittarius A*visible are scattered by interstellar gas along the line of sight in the same way that light is scattered by fog On earth.
This will be important for future research on the gas near this black hole. This work is a good example of the synergy between different modern research infrastructures technologies and science ideas.
In the atmosphere the electrons ionize gas molecules leading to the production of ozone-depleting catalyst gases.
#Unique catalysts for hydrogen fuel cells synthesized in ordinary kitchen microwave oven Swedish and Chinese researchers show how a unique nano-alloy composed of palladium nano-islands embedded in tungsten nanoparticles creates a new type of catalysts for highly efficient oxygen reduction the most important reaction in hydrogen fuel cells.
Their results are published in the scientific journal Nature Communications. The world's rapidly growing demand for energy and the requirement of sustainable energy production calls for an urgent change in today's fossil fuel based energy system.
Research groups worldwide work intensively to develop novel advanced energy conversion and storage systems with high efficiency low cost and environmental compatibility.
Traditional fuel cells are limited however by the need of efficient catalysts to drive the chemical reactions involved in the fuel cell.
The anchoring keep the nanoparticles stable over long time by hindering them from fusing together in the fuel cell tests.
If we were not using argon as protective inert gas it would be fully possible to synthesize this advanced catalyst in my own kitchen!
which is on par with the time needed to pump petrol for current cars added Prof Chen.
The authors consider wind solar hydraulic nuclear coal and gas as potential energy sources. In their model the energy demand and availability are cast as random variables.
By a pipeline system fecal sludge of the hospital enters a two-stage unaerobic reactor where it is mixed with biowaste.
Bacteria decompose the mixture and produce among others the energy-rich gas of methane. It is used then for the gas stoves in the kitchen of the hospital.
Via a pipeline system the gas is passed directly on to the gas stoves of the neighboring houses.
The liquid layer on the surface provides a barrier to everything from ice to crude oil and blood.
These grassland fields can also produce ample biomass for renewable fuels. Monica Turner UW-Madison professor of zoology and study lead author Peter Blank a postdoctoral researcher in her lab hope the findings help drive decisions that benefit both birds
biocompatible fluid based on medicinal white oil is used in place of the wire cable. To control the attached instruments and orient the tip of the endoscope,
In addition, they asked the participants what kind of frying fat/oils they usually used at home, with the possible responses as follows:
Frying deteriorates oils through the processes of oxidation and hydrogenation, leading to an increase in the absorption of oil degradation products by the foods being fried,
and also a loss of unsaturated fatty acids such as linoleic and linolenic acids and an increase in the corresponding trans fatty acids such as trans-linoleic acids and trans-linolenic acids."
"Deterioration of oils during frying is more profound when the oils are reused, a practice more common away from home than at home.
This may partly explain why we observed a stronger association of GDM risk with fried foods consumed away from home than fried foods consumed at home."
and beclomethasone dipropionate (BP), a corticosteroid commonly used to inhibit inflammatory responses. The novelty of this formulation lies in the combination of the two drugs.
The inhalation of BP is known to be an effective treatment for patients with non-asthmatic chronic airflow obstruction.
and BP as an inhalable dry powder formulation for direct concomitant delivery to the lungs.
The researchers employed a state-of-the-art spray drier to prepare the CIP-BP dry powder and ensure uniformity,
They characterized the CIP-BP dry powder using field-emission scanning electron microscopy and showed that the majority of particles had a diameter of approximately 2. 36 micrometers--small enough to be breathed in.
broad peak, suggesting that the CIP-BP dry powder is highly amorphous.""What's important is that the CIP-BP dry powder exhibits superior aerosol performance
and excellent antimicrobial activities,"explains Heng.""Our follow-up microbial assays show that a concentration as low as one microgram per milliliter is enough to inhibit three of the bacteria known to cause this type of pneumonia.""
""We found that it is feasible to package the CIP-BP dry powder in an inhaler that can treat bacterial infections associated with community-acquired pneumonia,
The delivery of CIP and BP via dry powder inhalers may become a novel and useful strategy for treating patients with community-acquired pneumonia a
and create biochar a highly porous charcoal said project principal investigator Karl Linden professor of environmental engineering.
Additionally the biochar can be burned as charcoal and provides energy comparable to that of commercial charcoal.
Linden is working closely with project co-investigators Professor R. Scott Summers of environmental engineering and Professor Alan Weimer chemical and biological engineering and a team of postdoctoral fellows professionals graduate students undergraduates
methane Rice university scientists have created a highly sensitive portable sensor to test the air for the most damaging greenhouse gases.
and laser pioneer Frank Tittel and his group uses a thumbnail-sized quantum cascade laser (QCL) as well as tuning forks that cost no more than a dime to detect very small amounts of nitrous oxide and methane.
and found it capable of detecting trace amounts of methane, 13 parts per billion by volume (ppbv),
"Methane and nitrous oxide are both significant greenhouse gases emitted from human activities, "Tittel said.""Methane is emitted by natural sources, such as wetlands,
and human activities, such as leakage from natural gas systems and the raising of livestock.""Human activities such as agriculture, fossil fuel combustion, wastewater management and industrial processes are increasing the amount of nitrous oxide in the atmosphere.
The warming impact of methane and nitrous oxide is more than 20 and 300 times, respectively, greater compared to the most prevalent greenhouse gas, carbon dioxide over a 100-year period.
For these reasons, methane and nitrous oxide detection is crucial to environmental considerations.""The small QCL has only become available in recent years,
Tittel said, and is far better able to detect trace amounts of gas than lasers used in the past.
Previous versions of the QCL are just as effective, but far too bulky for mobile use.
What makes the technique possible is the small quartz tuning fork, which vibrates at a specific frequency when stimulated."
When light at a specific wavelength is absorbed by the gas of interest, localized heating of the molecules leads to a temperature
and pressure increase in the gas.""If the incident light intensity is modulated, then the temperature and pressure will be said as well,
That signal is proportional to the gas concentration.""The unit can detect the presence of methane or nitrous oxide in as little as a second,
he said. To field test the device, the Rice team installed it on a mobile laboratory used during NASA's DISCOVER-AQ campaign, which analyzed pollution on the ground and from the air last September.
"This was a milestone for trace-gas sensing, "Ren said.""Now we're trying to minimize the size of the whole system."
and their bases are immersed in a solution of deionized water, ethanol, and a dissolved polymer.
the water-ethanol mixture streams upward, dragging chains of polymer with it. The water and ethanol quickly dissolve, leaving a tangle of polymer filaments opposite each emitter, on the electrode.
The researchers were able to pack 225 emitters, several millimeters long, on a square chip about 35 millimeters on a side.
and sandwiched a layer of oil in between. Then they carefully injected into the mix individual water droplets that had been infused with tiny magnetic nanoparticles.
poor access to water pipelines often leads to a heavy reliance on well water. But some ranchers find that even their livestock won tolerate the saltiness of this water. t useful to install a small-scale desalination system where people are
including an oil company in Thailand and Japanese heavy-equipment manufacturer IHI Corp. The process has received eight patents
The scientists can use gas-based samples rather than high concentrations in solution and the technique is much more detailed by looking at energies involved scientists can see many other things about the molecule,
Most of the material is gas, but about 1%of this mass (quite a lot in astronomical terms) takes the form of tiny dust grains made predominantly of silicates (sand is also silicates),
They are essential to the chemistry that takes place in the interstellar medium by providing gas molecules with a surface on
In that case, both the plastic and the oil-based sauce are hydrophobic and interact together.
and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, carcinogenic compounds formed from incomplete combustion of fuels, from contaminated soil. The process is irreversible
In the Sino-Singapore Tianjin Eco city in Tianjin, China, Itron deployed one network that runs three meters--water, electricity and gas.
Council Lead Partner Itron, meanwhile, completed installation of smart water, heat and gas meters and communication modules as well as its fixed network for Sino-Singapore Tianjin Eco city in Tianjin, China.
greener way of getting natural gas out of the ground through hydraulic fracturing.##The investment falls under GE's Ecoimagination program, a cross-company business initiative that has used already $12 billion
On the natural gas front an area that many environmentalists would argue is not a green energy source GE will work on developing alternative technologies to replace water in the hydraulic fracturing process.#
commonly called fracking, is a technique drillers use to reach vast tracts of previously untouchable gas trapped in shale.
Environmental concerns posed by fracking like the release of methane and groundwater contamination have escalated with the advent of the natural gas boom in the U s. The huge amount of water used in fracking has become a particularly touchy subject in drought-ridden areas where some 55 percent of the wells fracked
since 2011 are located, according to study released in February by Ceres. The study found 97 billion gallons of water were used to frack more than 39,
000 oil and shale gas wells between January 2011 and May 2013.##GE said it will work with Statoil to evaluate
whether CO2 can be used economically as an alternative to water. It's possible to use CO2 to fracture shale rock formations,
GE's trailer-mounted gas turbine delivers on-site power using field gas at a well site in Alberta s
a renewable fermentation process that seeks to act as a partial replacement for the an oil-based processes that goes into making synthetic rubber.
a technology that replaces the oil-based feedstock for part of the synthetic rubber-making process with renewable biomass.
but both companies are interested also in creating a cost-competitive product that is a better economic alternative than the petroleum-based isoprene,
If only briefly, Apple has surpassed Exxon mobil as the world's largest company. The fact that a firm that produces mobile devices is now more valuable than an oil company is the most powerful repudiation of the sprawling, exurban, oil-dependent old economy
I can think of. It's not a stretch to understand why: mobile devices are suited uniquely to the urban environment.
oil, long commutes--to a new one built on a desire to capitalize on virtual connectivity by recapitulating it in the real world.
Give us gas and oil's $12b, and we'll cool planet Siemens: 880m euros'worth of wind power orders since July Google invests $75 million in U s. wind far r
the world's largest crude oil exporter, is launching an ambitious multi-billion-dollar plan aimed at creating an industry around its other abundant resource,
the sun. Saudi arabia has a lot of oil. But an increasing amount of that crude is staying in the country where it's used run to desalination and power plants.
Millions of barrels of oil are used every day to power those desal plants. As a result
Half of that power will be generated using hydrocarbon fuel. With demand for electricity and fresh water increasing, Saudi arabia is seeking out other sources of power including solar, geothermal, wind and nuclear.
The country's solar strategy aims to save 523,000 barrels of oil equivalent a day,
The cost of new oil supply Saudi arabia taps China for nuclea a
#Why share and share alike makes a great business model SAN FRANCISCO-The quintessential example of how sharing an asset can be at the center of a business is probably the Zipcar car sharing organization,
car ownership costs rising (high gas prices, insurance, etc.;states making it difficult to get a driver's license;
Much depends on whether oil and gas prices stay highthis is where discussions of eak oilbecome relevant and on how quickly the U s. economy rebounds.
But if there has been a genuine cultural shift among younger Americans, then driving may not rebound to the extent it did during the 1990s.
You have this polymer that s made from carcinogenic compounds like benzene and it will last up to 10,000 years.
#Leaked EU documents rank biofuel emissions higher than crude oil European union politics website Euractive has gotten its hands on official EU data reporting that many biofuel crops release more carbon dioxide than crude oil,
and approximate the emissions of the much-maligned oil mined from tar sands. The numbers were intended for release in the spring when the EU presents new proposals on biofuels,
And with ILUC added to the mix, it looks like some top biofuel crops are worse for the environment, in terms of carbon emissions, than crude oil.
The EU's default value for measuring carbon efficiency for oil from tar sands is 107g CO2 equivalent per megajoule of fuel (CO2/mj.
Meanwhile, crude oil's efficiency value is 87. 5g CO2/mj. Here are the data (g CO2/mj) from the EU documents,
Palm oil-105g Soybean-103g Rapeseed-95g Sunflower-86g Palm oil with methane capture-83g Wheat (process fuel not specified)- 64g Wheat (as process fuel natural gas used in CHP)- 47g
Corn (Maize)- 43g Sugar cane-36g Sugar beet-34g Wheat (straw as process fuel in CHP plants)- 35g 2g Ethanol (land-using)- 32g 2g Biodiesel (land-using)- 21g 2g Ethanol
or to govern the processing of crude oil in a refinery. Haidar group is one of a number of academic and corporate teams vying to create a closed-loop system for an artificial pancreas. ach patient is represented by a set of differential equations,
and petroleum-based plastic substrates that are used in electronicsnd are not biodgradablehe substrate for Ma
and heated to a gas state. The gas then drives a turbine. Although it is an attractive energy storage technology because of its long duration,
liquid-air energy storage requires a significant amount of electricity to make the liquid air, limiting its usage by utilities.
Although several options to store hydrogen as a fuel for cars have been investigated, a practical and affordable way to store
they simply extract hydrogen from diesel fuel on the go. The research group,"Fuel cell Based Power Generation (FCGEN),
The extraction of the hydrogen from the diesel fuel happens through autothermal reforming, a catalytic reaction in
which the diesel fuel is decomposed into hydrogen, steam, carbon dioxide, and carbon monoxide. The CO is converted then to CO2
It didn escape their notice that the extraction of hydrogen from the diesel fuel releases CO2 directly into the atmosphere. ctually all carbon in the diesel is converted to CO2,
but since the efficiency of the overall process is about five times that of a diesel engine idling,
fuel consumption is 80 percent lower, and consequently, the produced amount of CO2 is decreased by 80 percent,
even when using systems called solar fuel cells solar cells immersed in the water it splitting. Now researchers from Eindhoven University of Technology in The netherlands and the Dutch Foundation for Fundamental Research on Matter (FOM) report in the 17 july issue of Nature Communications that they have improved tenfold the hydrogen producing capacity of a solar fuel cell.
The key was to use a photocathodehe electrode that supplies electrons when illuminated by sunlightade from an array of gallium phosphide nanowires.
In short, for a solar fuels future we cannot ignore gallium phosphide any longer, he added. i
#Porous Silicon Battery electrodes from Reeds Natural structures in reed leaves could find use in advanced lithium-ion batteries,
the investigators could boost upconversion up to a thousandfold by coating the nanocrystals with anthracene, a component of coal tar.
The Fueloyal Is A Smart Fuel Cap For Truckers Breaker breaker 10-4 good buddy.
This robotic fuel cap essentially keeps track of the fuel poured into your vehicle independently of the truck itself
and lets fleet owners ensure they no one is stealing the fuel poured into their 18-wheelers.
and fuel prices going up it important to control costs, said Hristov. The product is being built now
Because it fits right into the gas inlet and measures the gas poured into the vehicle
and prevents siphoning. ompany owners can install it on the fuel tank in less than a minute.
It cannot be removed without the security key, and if unauthorized removal occurs the system will said lertheadquarters,
since the 2007 legislation targeting ethanol; and in May 2014, Congress blocked yet another energy-efficiency bill that could positively impact the environment,
The round was led by new investor Khosla Ventures with additional funding from Andreessen Horowitz, Fuel Capital, SV Angel and other unnamed investors.
A Quick History lesson The steam-powered Spinning jenny, followed by the petroleum-powered version, led the first Industrial revolution.
#Cheaper Sensors Will Fuel The Age Of Smart Everything For better or worse, we are about the enter the age of smart everything.
the tiny devices that fuel the Internet of things are getting smaller and cheaper all the time. As they do,
but gas and other fossil fuels have eclipsed it as a preferred energy source. The reasons for low adoption of the tech are varied
if our current abundance of crude oil keeps up) but it does hold the promise of a cheap clean and efficient source of energy.
The Devotec Micro Fuel Charger a key ring sized fuel cell cellphone charger added about 20-30 minutes of extra talk time
The kraftwerk units come in three different colors rbanutdoorand lamand run on a short spray of camping gas or standard lighter fluid.
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