#The Rising Costs of Prescription drugs The health care industry is trapped between serving its patients and enabling pharmaceutical innovation.
it a tale as old as time. here is this natural ecology of price where the market appears to be signaling they are willing to pay higher prices,
lower overall costs and create an environment that includes more options for consumers. t definitely a balancing act between how much of the patent protection results in innovation
a pollutant gas commonly found in vehicle exhaust that also results from fossil fuel combustion. Prolonged exposure to nitrogen dioxide can be dangerous to human health,
#Scientists Create LEDS From Food, Beverage Waste Most Christmas lights, DVD players, televisions and flashlights have one thing in common:
this development can also reduce potentially harmful waste from LEDS generally made from toxic elements.
and Professor Michael Free, over the past year and a half, have turned successfully food waste such as discarded pieces of tortilla into CDS,
To synthesize waste into CDS, Sarswat and Free employed a solvothermal synthesis, or one in which the waste was placed into a solvent under pressure
and high temperature until CDS were formed. In this experiment the researchers used soft drinks and pieces of bread and tortilla.
and characterizing CDS derived from waste is a very challenging task. We essentially have to determine the size of dots which are only 20 nanometers or smaller in diameter
the use of food and beverage waste as the starting material for QDS allows for reduced waste
To be able to use this waste for creating LEDS which are used widely in a number of technologies would be an environmentally sustainable approach.
Eyenetra technology measures how a user optical refractive errors will affect how they see patterns on a digital display in an environment very similar to a virtual-reality headset,
and traits seen across individuals reflects a complex dance between environment and biology. Understanding the precise nature of these causal influences will help lead to the design of better interventions to help move the brain and behavior toward the positive end of the spectrum i
#Researchers Use Potatoes to Make Eco-friendly Plastic films Using potato peels and culls considered waste by Alberta potato-processing industry,
and desalination plants. Now, for the first time, researchers at MIT have found a way to control this process, literally with the flick of an electrical switch.
In one new study, researchers borrowed from concepts in microbial ecology and computer science to demonstrate that people have a variety of"microbial fingerprints"that could be used to distinguish them from many others,
which the surface of a cellphone put down in a new environment will pick microbiotic stowaways.
and built environments may play a significant role in future forensic investigations, "wrote the authors of that study, published in the journal Microbiome.
#Nepal Earthquake: Health Threats Loom Over Survivors The aftermath of the Nepal earthquake brings a risk of disease outbreaks including measles and diarrheal diseases among the survivors,
and humanitarian agencies are rushing to bring aid to help. The 7. 8-magnitude earthquake that hit the region Saturday (April 25) has had a devastating impact,
with an estimated 7 million people affected, including 2. 8 million children, according to the United nations children's fund (UNICEF).
Diarrheal and respiratory diseases are some of health experts'main concerns in the earthquake's aftermath."
Top 10 Deadliest Natural disasters in History The organization is also providing people with oral rehydration salts
One challenge after disasters like the Nepal earthquake is just providing people with the care they would normally need in their daily lives."
But now, after the earthquake"it will be difficult just to continue business as usual, "Milzman said.
Some remote villages still have not received assistance, two days after the earthquake, according to the New york times. Although the 2010 Haiti earthquake presented challenges, the Nepal earthquake is in some ways more challenging because of its remote location,
#Nepal Earthquake Destroys Historic Temples The massive earthquake that killed more than 5, 000 people in Nepal over the weekend also left dozens of historic buildings in ruins.
experts are already taking stock of the long-term cultural and architectural damage in the wake of the natural disaster."
I am aggrieved deeply by the magnitude of human loss caused by the earthquake in Nepal,"Irina Bokova,
"Bigger Earthquake Coming on Nepal's Terrifying Faults Several buildings in the seven UNESCO monument zones in Kathmandu Valley the cultural heart of Nepal were destroyed when the 7. 8-magnitude
earthquake struck 50 miles (80 kilometers) northwest of the capital, Kathmandu, on Saturday (April 25. There was extensive damage to the medieval temples that line the UNESCO-designated Durbar Squares
and it was filled with tourists climbing the spiral staircase at the time of the earthquake.
after it was damaged during the magnitude-8. 0 earthquake that struck on Jan 15, 1934, and killed more than 10,000 people.
#Nepal Earthquake Photos: Odd Effects of Kathmandu Temblor European space agency's (ESA) Sentinel-1a radar satellite passed over Kathmandu, Nepal, Wednesday (April 29.
and calculate how the ground shifted during the earthquake. In the DLR map, areas that moved upwards are blue
DLR/EOC) Rainbow fringes Interferogram of Kathmandu, Nepal, before and after the earthquake. The Sentinel-1a interferogram (created by combining radar images taken on April 17 and April 29) over Kathmandu, Nepal.
The colors show deformation in the earth caused by the 7. 8-magnitude earthquake. The eastest"fringes"cross the city,
this interferogram shows changes on the ground that occurred during the 25 april earthquake that struck Nepal.
Combining two Sentinel-1a radar scans from 17 and 29 april 2015, this interferogram shows changes on the ground that occurred during the 25 april earthquake that struck Nepal.
after the 7. 8-magnitude earthquake struck on April 25. Based on imagery from the Worldview-3 satellite acquired on April 28,
after the 7. 8-magnitude earthquake struck on April 25. Mount everest shrinking Mount everest Before & After Earthquake This side-by-side comparison shows Mount everest before and after the earthquake.
The 7. 8-magnitude quake on April 25 shook Everest and triggered a terrifying avalanche. In the April 28 image (left there are no major changes visible from the earthquake
and avalanche due to fresh snow cover and clouds over Everest, according to NASA. The April 23 photo was captured by Landsat 8,
which is operated by NASA and the United states Geological Society (USGS). The April 28 image was taken by NASA's Earth Observing-1 satellite.
Image Credit: NASA Earth Observatory) Emitted light Kathmandu Satellite Image-Emitted Light This satellite image shows the city of Kathmandu and its surrounding areas after the April 25 earthquake.
The Suomi National Polar-Orbiting Partnership satellite, operated by NASA and the National oceanic and atmospheric administration, detected a decrease in emitted light over Kathmandu, based on a comparison between images taken pre-earthquake, on April 22, 2015,
and after the earthquake, on April 26, 2015. The red and yellow colors indicate areas with the largest decrease in emitted light possibly because of electrical outages and damage to key infrastructure
according to NASA. Image Credit: Short-term Prediction Research and Transition (SPORT) team/Marshall Space flight Center) Nepal districts affected Satellite Photo of Nepal Districts After Earthquake This satellite image shows 11 districts in Nepal
that were affected by the earthquake. The Suomi National Polar-Orbiting Partnership satellite was used to compare image of the region before and after the earthquake,
and detected a decrease in emitted light over Kathmandu and its surrounding region. Image Credit:
Short-term Prediction Research and Transition (SPORT) team/Marshall Space flight Center F
#Major 7. 3-Magnitude Earthquake Aftershock Hits Nepal A 7. 3-magnitude earthquake struck Nepal this morning (May 12), toppling buildings and killing at least a dozen people.
The temblor was centered 11 miles (18 kilometers) southeast of Kodari, Nepal, and 47 miles (76 km) east-northeast of the Nepalese capital of Kathmandu.
a magnitude-7. 8 earthquake (called the Gorkha earthquake) located about 90 miles (150 km) to the west of this aftershock, according to the U s. Geological Survey.
The May 12 earthquake occurred due to faulting associated with the Main Himalayan Thrust where the India plate is slamming into the Eurasia plate to the north.
This area has a history of powerful earthquakes: Before the April 25 temblor, four magnitude-6 or larger earthquakes within 155 miles (250 km) of this area in the past century, according to the USGS. One such event, a magnitude-6. 9
quake killed nearly 1, 500 people in August 1988. The largest of these, a magnitude-8. 0 earthquake known as the 1934 Nepal-Bihar earthquake, ruptured a large part of the fault to the south of the May 12 quake
and caused around 10,600 fatalities, the USGS reported. Like the April 25 earthquake, this one was relatively shallow,
occurring just 9. 3 miles (15 km) belowground; the shallower a quake the more shaking at the surface, geologists say.
Earth scientists had anticipated major aftershocks and even larger earthquakes in the area. In fact, a recent study found that smaller aftershocks strike within the main earthquake rupture,
whereas the biggest aftershocks tend to strike at the edge of where the original earthquake occurred.
And that was the case for this one, which hit on the eastern edge of the April 25 rupture zone.
because light pollution will wash out the fainter meteors. And be sure to give your eyes time to adjust to the dark.
National or State Parks If you're looking for a place far away from light pollution, a National or State Park is a great start.
Meteor experts Bill Cooke, Danielle Moser and Rhiannon Blaauw, all from NASA Meteoroid Environment Office at the Marshall Space flight Center, will also provide onair commentary.
the environment in the compartments configured to hold texts made with different materials. However, this would make the design more complex."
The ameba passes into the environment via feces and can survive outside the human body for several weeks in this protective cyst form.
The ameba passes into the environment via feces and can survive outside the human body for several weeks in this protective cyst form.
The glassy molecules help the microscopic animals stay in a deathlike state of suspended animation as they float through harsh environments,
the team has built a variety of sensor wafers that can detect everything from infrared light to particular chemicals in the environment.
"In realistic cloaking applications, the environment changes; the object to be cloaked changes; everything changes,"study co-author Baile Zhang,
such that the cloak can sense the temperature of the environment and adjust its cloaking performance automatically,
"The presence of liquid water on Mars'present-day surface therefore points to environment s that are more habitable than previously thought."
Discarded electronics also pose a threat to the environment as they rust and decompose. But electronics that just disappear aren't saddled with these problems
or to transport supplies to people who have been stranded by natural disasters. Normally, the organizations that distribute such materials
The third type of force field acts a bit like a swirling tornado with a rotating high-pressure field surrounding a low-pressure, quiet"eye"that holds the object in place,
and laboratory environments that are few and far between in the regions that are need most in.
Researchers hope that by releasing a fleet of COTSBOTS they might restore some balance to the fragile ecology of the Great barrier reef,
which is already under threat from pollution, tourism, coastal development and global warming. The bots are autonomous,
such as viruses or single molecules. ultimode mass sensing has previously been limited to air or vacuum environments,
#Nano-policing pollution Pollutants emitted by factories and car exhausts affect humans who breathe in these harmful gases
and also aggravate climate change up in the atmosphere. Being able to detect such emissions is needed a critically measure.
a common industrial pollutant. The sensor was tested in conditions similar to ambient air since future devices developed from this method will need to operate in these conditions.
#Nano-policing pollution Pollutants emitted by factories and car exhausts affect humans who breathe in these harmful gases
and also aggravate climate change up in the atmosphere. Being able to detect such emissions is needed a critically measure.
a common industrial pollutant. The sensor was tested in conditions similar to ambient air since future devices developed from this method will need to operate in these conditions.
the technology opens the door to high-resolution imaging of multiple components and local chemical environments,
and probes to monitor the local environment, such as the ph, in live cells at the nanometer scale.
The research, published in the highly respected scientific journal, Nature Communications on September 1st, describes how the composition of gases in different environments can be detected by measuring small colour changes of the innovative bio-inspired sensor.
and the way this colour depends on its local environment, our team has discovered a remarkable way in
"This is difficult in high speed environments, and the electron scattering reduces the number and speed of electrons."
The matrix protects the plasminogen activator from the aggressive environment of the organism, at the same time preserving the ability of the enzyme to interact with certain external agents through a system of pores.
and shrink in response to changes in the environment such as voltage, heat, and acidity. In this sense they are actually similar to the plant cells,
and in a liquid environment, showing that it doesn't require the uptake of water.
So in other words, it will work even in a normal air environment.""The team members were intrigued to find, additionally,
the group designed an L-shaped piece of polymer that can actually walk, in a water environment,
#Flexible, biodegradable device can generate power from touch (video) Longstanding concerns about portable electronics include the devices'short battery life and their contribution to e waste.
biodegradability. The researchers built a nanogenerator using a flexible, biocompatible polymer film made out of polyvinylidene fluoride, or PVDF.
and vibration environments typical of Air force missions. Related to these goals, we are developing approaches to inject and print gallium-based liquid metal alloys into varied materials for stretchable and reconfigurable electronics.
Over the last few years, one team of chemists and materials scientists has begun exploring military applications in harsh environments for aircraft, explosive devices and even combatants themselves.
the technology opens the door to high-resolution imaging of multiple components and local chemical environments, such as ph variations, inside a cell.
and probes to monitor the local environment, such as the ph, in live cells at the nanometer scale e
or artificial leaf, is described in the August 24 online issue of the journal Energy and Environmental science.
Methane capture and storage provides a double environmental return-it removes a harmful greenhouse gas from the atmosphere that can then be used as a fuel that is cleaner than other fossil fuels.
The researchers said the new transparent thermal overlays work best in dry, clear environments, which are preferred also sites for large solar arrays.
"Bloch skyrmions,"with a hurricane-like spiral pattern of magnetic moments around a perpendicular center, surrounded by magnetic moments oriented in the opposite direction to the center;
#Single atom alloy platinum-copper catalysts cut costs, boost green technology: New generation of catalysts demonstrated for selective hydrogenation of butadiene Abstract:
With that knowledge, Sykes and his fellow chemists turned to long-time Tufts collaborator Maria Flytzani-Stephanopoulos, Ph d.,the Robert and Marcy Haber Endowed Professor in Energy Sustainability at the School of engineering,
by rapidly changing the environment around the emitter, "Zia said. The work was led by Sebastien Cueff,
#Magnetic Nanosorbents Eliminate Fluoride from Water Researchers from Tehran University of Medical sciences used low-cost and available raw materials for the laboratorial production of nanosorbents with high efficiency in elimination of fluoride from contaminated water.
Chitosan has been used as a sorbent in this research to eliminate fluoride from aqueous environments. However, since the separation of the sorbent from the solution is very difficult and costly
Results showed that the synthesized composite can be used as an effective sorbent to purify water contaminated by fluoride due to its simple and quick separation, high efficiency and the lack of the creation of secondary pollution in the solution.
mention can be made of reducing pollution in surface or drinking water, reducing the cost of raw materials
and increasing the rate of separation of sorbents from the sorbed pollutants in the liquid phase e
in order to slow the pace of climate change caused by fossil-fuel burning. If the planet's CO2 levels rise much higher than they are today,
and policy-makers in many countries hope to reduce this below 350 ppm to avoid the most severe impacts of climate change, from increasingly severe weather events and sea level rise to global average temperature increases of 10 degrees Fahrenheit.'
It also may be possible to create an active camouflage on the exterior of vehicles that would change color to better match the surrounding environment.
It can also generate byproducts in the exhaust that reduce the lifespan and efficiency of a car's pollutant-reducing catalytic converter.
"Considering the massive use of vehicles, a small gain in efficiency has a big impact in saving energy and reducing carbon emissions annually."
simulating the environment surrounding a single asperity on a piston surface. They then slid the tip over an iron surface
or release body heat to keep people comfortable in different environments. Moreover, in collaboration with Francesco Tombola, Ph d,
The demonstrated silicon colors can sustain high temperatures and harsh environment. The reason these colors are so vibrant,
#Desalination with nanoporous graphene membrane Less than 1 percent of Earth's water is drinkable. Removing salt and other minerals from our biggest available source of water--seawater--may help satisfy a growing global population thirsty for fresh water for drinking, farming, transportation, heating, cooling and industry.
But desalination is an energy-intensive process, which concerns those wanting to expand its application.
Now, a team of experimentalists led by the Department of energy's Oak ridge National Laboratory has demonstrated an energy-efficient desalination technology that uses a porous membrane made of strong, slim graphene--a carbon honeycomb one atom thick.
The results are published in the March 23 advance online issue of Nature Nanotechnology("Water Desalination Using Nanoporous Single-layer graphene"."
To figure out the best pore size for desalination, the researchers relied on the Center for Nanophase Materials sciences (CNMS),
They determined the optimum pore size for effective desalination was 0. 5 to 1 nanometers,
They also found the optimal density of pores for desalination was one pore for every 100 square nanometers."
The materials are not particularly stable out in the environment, Koski says, but that's easily remedied."
This discovery holds out the potential of using this mechanism to help clean up environmental pollution, and other bioengineering applications.
or survive in environments where other redox active compounds are in short supply in comparison to magnetite.
it is thought that in the environment the potential for magnetite to act as a battery could extend to many other types of bacteria
Supported by Northwestern's Materials Research Science and Engineering Center and the Institute for Sustainability and Energy at Northwestern,
#Thermal properties of nanowires-Follow the heat A mathematical model of heat flow through miniature wires could help develop thermoelectric devices that efficiently convert heat even their own waste heat into electricity.
To do so, they studied the relative change in concentration of guidance cues in the neuron's environment
The chemical industry is undergoing a major transformation as a consequence of unstable energy costs, limited natural resources and climate change.
The scientists then used a specially designed microfluidic chamber to trap the cells in a liquid environment.
which is both harmful to our environment and unsustainable as well. In our group, we're trying to help solve the energy crisis by improving the efficiency of electromagnetic energy-harvesting systems."
It could also cut down on food waste he adds.""People are constantly throwing things out that probably aren't bad,
This enables it to detect contrasts in the environment as well as their motion. As in insects, the speed at which a feature in the scenery moves from one pixel to another provides the angular velocity of the flow.
The silicone used to fabricate the sensor patches makes them flexible and stretchable. his makes them easier to use in an everyday environment.
According to recent findings by environmental scientists at Radboud University, the location of the agricultural lands used to grow these biofuel crops has a major impact on the greenhouse gas emission they ultimately produce.
The study that arrived at this conclusion is due to be published By nature Climate change("Greenhouse gas payback times for crop-based biofuels".
While intensive crop farming results in greater greenhouse gas emission, it also increases the yields of crops used to produce biofuels and,
The initial result of this is an increase in greenhouse gas emission. Using a global model, Pieter Elshout and fellow environmental scientists at Radboud University have demonstrated how long it takes for the advantages that biofuels offer over fossil fuels to earn a return on this initial emission On the global scale,
the average payback time for greenhouse gases is nineteen years. This figure shows the duration of the payback times for greenhouse gases produced by corn-based bioethanol,
While extensive crop farming reduces greenhouse gas emission, it also yields smaller crops for producing biofuels. From Western europe to the tropics Elshout, a Phd candidate at Radboud University, explains:
The model demonstrates that the location of biofuel crops has a significant impact on greenhouse gas emission more so than does the type of crop
which an operator sends a large fleet of machines into a specific area of a tsunami-ravaged region.
slows down and redirects electrons. his is difficult in high speed environments, and the electron scattering reduces the number and speed of electrons.
The matrix protects the plasminogen activator from the aggressive environment of the organism, at the same time preserving the ability of the enzyme to interact with certain external agents through a system of pores.
and accumulate in tumors where they take advantage of a tumor's acidic environment.""The chemical bonds holding the polypeptide cage together are stable in blood,
using the environment as a helping hand. The team, led by Alberto Rodriguez, an assistant professor of mechanical engineering,
and graduate student Nikhil Chavan-Dafle, has developed a model that predicts the force with which a robotic gripper needs to push against various fixtures in the environment
it could use the environment to adjust its grasp. Instead of releasing the pencil and trying again
just enough to slide the robot gripper closer to the pencil midpoint. robotic gripper A simple robotic gripper can adjust its grip using the environment.
Image courtesy of the researchers) Partnering robots with the environment to improve dexterity is an approach Rodriguez calls xtrinsic dexterityas opposed to the intrinsic dexterity of,
and other gripper-based applications may interact with the environment, in a cost-effective way, to perform more complex maneuvers. hasing the human hand is still a very valid direction in robotics,
which the environment may be exploited to increase the dexterity of simple robotic grippers. In ongoing work
In this most recent paper, the group investigates an approach to extrinsic dexterity called rehensile pushingexploiting fixtures in the environment to manipulate a grasped object. ee sort of outsourcing that dexterity that you don have in the gripper to the environment and the arm,
Rodriguez explains. nstead of dexterity that intrinsic to the hand, it extrinsic, in the environment.
and between the object and the environment, as well as the object mass, inertia, and shape. MIT engineers have devised a way to give more dexterity to simple robotic grippers using the environment as a helping hand.
Their model predicts the force with which a robotic gripper must push against surrounding fixtures
Robot footage and additional editing by Nikhil Chavan-Dafle and Alberto Rodriguez) xploiting the environmentin its current iteration, the model predicts the force a gripper must exert, on the object and the environment,
How do you engineer fixtures in the environment so that a robot motions are more reliable,
while a forensic robot in the field may angle a piece of evidence against a nearby rock to better examine it. xploiting the environment is,
a process that stops the greenhouse gas before it escapes from chimneys and power plants into the atmosphere and instead turns it into a useful product.
Carbon dioxide emissions are an ongoing environmental problem, and according to the authors, it's important that research identifies optimal ways to deal with the waste."
"We're interested in finding new catalytic reactions that will be more efficient than the current catalysts,
"With global warming becoming a bigger burden, it's pressing that we keep trying to turn carbon dioxide emissions back into something useful."
"For this research, the team used the Center for Nanoscale Materials as well as beamline 12-ID-C of the Advanced Photon Source, both DOE Office of Science User Facilities.
which set of genes was expressed consistently throughout all the different growth environments and used this set to construct the paleome.
genomic profiling and environmental impact studies. However, since most cell-based assays rely on population-averaged measurements,
Such a tool could prove extremely useful in investigating the influence of subtle local environmental changes on cell behavior, for example, stem cell differentiation,
The conjecture is that this arises from an avalanche of electrons from the top surface of the film to the bottom,
Other samples were placed in harsh environments, where dissolved gas was removed from the ambient liquid, and they also remained dry."
#Biodiesel made easier and cleaner with waste-recycling catalyst Researchers at Cardiff University have devised a way of increasing the yield of biodiesel by using the waste left over from its production process.
Fuel suppliers are required also to reduce the greenhouse gas intensity of the EU fuel mix by 6 per cent by 2020 in comparison to 2010.
which waste is dealt with, and seriously improve the quality of life by reducing carbon emissions from fossil fuels and encourage efficient use of resources."
"Professor Matthew Rosseinsky, Professor of Inorganic chemistry at the University of Liverpool, who was not part of the study,
"This paper shows how fundamental catalysis research can develop new mild processes to enhance the sustainability of biodiesel.
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