Participants in the control group drank a beverage made of sterilized water pineapple and lime juice while the beverage for the treatment group additionally contained a dissolved freeze-dried powder made from broccoli sprouts that contained glucoraphanin and sulforaphane.
and harvesting fruit in orchards to mechanical weeders eliminating the need for herbicides to produce affordable safer food.
The carbohydrates in low GI foods--including pasta beans lentils berries apples and certain whole grains such as barley and oats-are broken down more slowly
The study by researchers at the Harvard School of Public health found that those who improved their diet quality index scores by 10 percent over four years--by eating more whole grains fruits
and sugar-sweetened beverages and more fruits vegetables and whole grains--they are going to improve their health
Saying Cherry 7-Up contains antioxidants is misleading. Food marketers are exploiting consumer desires to be healthy by marketing products as nutritious
When people stop to think about it there's nothing healthy about Antioxidant Cherry 7-Up--it's mostly filled with high fructose syrup or sugar.
Annie's Bunny Fruit Snacks (Organic) Apple sauce (Organic) Chef Boyardee Beefaroni (Whole Grain) Chef Boyardee Lasagna (Whole Grain) Chocolate Cheerios (Heart
Healthy) Cherry 7-Up (Antioxidant) Smuckers Peanut butter (All Natural) and Tostitos (All Natural. Northup found when participants were shown the front of food packaging that included one of those trigger words they would rate the items as healthier.
I took a label from Cherry 7-Up Antioxidant and Photoshop it without the word'antioxidant'and only the words'Cherry 7-Up.'
By grafting pest-sensitive elite grape cultivars onto pest-resistant wild rootstocks infestation is prevented effectively.
#Fermentation of cocoa beans requires precise collaboration among two bacteria, and yeastgood chocolate is among the world's most beloved foods
A team of researchers from Germany and Switzerland--the heartland of fine chocolate--have embarked upon a quest to better understand natural cocoa fermentation
and his collaborators from the Nestle Research Centre Lausanne Switzerland simulated cocoa pulp fermentation in the laboratory.
and yeast respectively during the initial fermentation of cocoa pulp sugars says Wittmann. The acetic acid bacteria then process these simultaneously via separate metabolic pathways ultimately producing acetate from them.
This discovery reveals a fine-tuned collaboration of a multi-species consortium during cocoa fermentation says Wittman.
which means eating lots of fiber rich vegetables legumes and fruits; consuming whole grains and also limiting refined grains starchy vegetables and added sugar.
When crops are pollinated adequately on the other hand the plants bear more fruit and their nutrient content changes.
and water to the fruits but cannot compensate for insufficient pollination. Furthermore the scientists demonstrated that the composition of nutrients differs depending on the pollination mode:
But fresh produce such as celery apples and melons can also cause allergy symptoms. This is known as food pollen syndrome cross-reacting allergens found in both pollen and raw fruits vegetables and some tree nuts.
Summer allergy symptoms can easily be mistaken for colds food intolerances or other ailments said Dr. Foggs.
but is reduced notably in southern Europe where a'Mediterranean diet'consisting of a larger consumption of fruit vegetables and olive oil predominates.
and other fruits and its potency appears to be enhanced when it is consumed pureed in ketchup or in the presence of olive oil.
and other fruit as a component--is good for our cardiovascular health. But so far it's been a mystery
Lessons from comparing citrus genomescitrus is the world's most widely cultivated fruit crop. In the U s. alone the citrus crop was valued at over $3. 1 billion in 2013.
and The americas via trade citrus is now under attack from citrus greening an insidious emerging infectious disease that is destroying entire orchards.
and compared the genome sequences of ten diverse citrus varieties including sweet and sour orange along with several important mandarin and pummelo cultivars.
The consortium led by Fred Gmitter of the University of Florida Citrus Research and Education Center found that these diverse varieties are derived from two wild citrus species that diverged in Southeast asia over five million years ago.
There is a fledgling industrial effort underway in Florida to redirect the five million tons of annual citrus waste generated there from low-value cattle feed to produce ethanol for fuel.
One of these wild species gave rise to cultivated pummelo the largest citrus fruit that can often range from two to four pounds.
Surprisingly the small easily peeled mandarins were in contrast found to be genetic mixtures of a second species and pummelo.
Sweet orange the most widely grown citrus variety worldwide was found to be a complex genetic hybrid of mandarin
Seville or sour orange commonly used in marmalade was found to be unrelated an interspecific hybrid. Since citrus varieties are reproduced asexually by vegetative propagation trees producing a specific type of fruit are typically genetically identical.
This growing strategy produces a uniform high-quality fruit but has the drawback that if one tree is susceptible to disease they all are.
By inferring the past hybridization events that gave rise to these common citrus varieties --either in the wild populations before domestication or in early undocumented human-directed breeding efforts--the team hopes to enable strategies for improving citrus including resistance to greening and other diseases.
Now that we understand the genetic structure of sweet orange for example we can imagine reproducing the unknown early stages of citrus domestication using modern breeding techniques that could draw from a broader pool of natural variation
and resistance Gmitter said. The genomes presented in the published study included pummelos oranges and mandarins.
One of the sequences was the high-quality reference genome of Clementine mandarin sequenced by an international consortium including Genoscope in France the Institute for Genomic Applications in Italy the DOE JGI and the Hudsonalpha Institute for Biotechnology with contributions
from researchers in Spain and Brazil. Another was the sweet orange genome produced jointly by researchers at the DOE JGI the University of Florida and 454 Life sciences a Roche company.
By understanding the relationships between the various cultivated species with what they describe as very narrow genetic diversity the researchers hope to enable sequence-directed improvement
which could lead to crops that are more resistant to disease and stresses such as environmental changes.
while pummelos represent a single citrus species (Citrus maxima) the same cannot be said of cultivated mandarins even those long held as not having intermixed with other varieties.
Comparing sequences of so-called traditional mandarins such as the Asian cultivar Ponkan and the Mediterranean cultivar Willowleaf with mandarins known to be developed hybrids indicated that all contain segments of the pummelo genome.
The wild Mangshan mandarin from China is an exception to the rule as its genome revealed it was in fact a separate species from other cultivated mandarins.
The findings echo Gmitter's quip when he spoke at the DOE JGI's 7th Annual Genomics of Energy & Environment Meeting in March 2012.
Citrus has incestuous genes he told the audience. Nothing is pure. Story Source: The above story is provided based on materials by DOE/Joint Genome Institute.
or tablet using Apple or Android operating systems and Wi-fi signals. The Parrot came with a protective polystyrene hull for use indoors
â#¢Consuming fresh fruits vegetables and dairy foods such as milk cheese and yogurt without added sugar helps reduce an individual's risk of cavities. â#¢Consuming fewer foods
that are high in acid--such as fruit juices pickled foods sour candies citrus fruits and wine--may decrease an individual's risk of dental erosion
The researchers found that benzbromarone targets a specific protein known as Ldtr in the citrus greening bacterium.
and the tree produces fruits that are green and misshapen unsuitable for sale as fresh fruit or for juice.
All this simple guacamole requires is jar of salsa and some avocados. You mix them together
and the healthy monounsaturated fat from the avocado will keep your hungry teens satisfied she said.
Greek yogurt with fruit: I prefer to add frozen fruit to Greek yogurt over fresh
because it makes it a cool refreshing treat and as the fruit melts the juice spreads throughout the yogurt making it sweeter Kizer says.
She suggests buying 32-ounce containers of yogurt and adding your teenager's favorite fruit.
The extra protein from the Greek yogurt will keep your hungry teen full and he or she will also be getting fiber from the fruit as well as Vitamin c potassium folic acid and calcium.
Cereal: When you don't have time to leave something prepared cereal is always an easy alternative.
For those who prefer a fruit-based dessert try a 100 percent frozen fruit bar. For teens who consider pizza an entire food group finding a whole-wheat thin crust emphasizing veggies rather than high-fat meat like sausage
Dermatologists also have advanced ways to treat scarring including chemical peels microdermabrasion and laser technologies. And they're generally more cognizant of the psychological damage that acne can inflict.
but grocery-store produce costs lesswhen participants in a local Women Infants and Children (WIC) program received vouchers for fruits and vegetables at area farmers markets they ate a greater variety of vegetables
and more often chose fruits or vegetables as snacks. But a survey comparing prices at grocery stores
and were more likely to choose fruits or vegetables as snacks (57.3%)over those who did shop at the farmers markets (46.7%)said Karen Chapman-Novakofski a U of I professor of nutrition.
The median intake for both vegetables and fruit among study participants was two servings a day
and about 25 percent did not eat the recommended amount of fruit. USDA uses farmers market vouchers nationwide to allow WIC mothers to purchase more vegetables than they could otherwise afford.
Growing and selling fruits and vegetables locally is a vital exposure and access point for clients who have challenges with accessing
and consuming enough fruits and vegetables said Brandon Meline director of maternal and child health at the Champaign-Urbana (Ill.)
The farmers market vouchers may serve as a gateway to exposure to more fruits and vegetables and clients would use other sources of food dollars to maintain fruit and vegetable intake Chapman-Novakofski noted.
The Dietary Guidelines for Americans recommend increased vegetable consumption to reduce the risk of heart disease certain cancers obesity type 2 diabetes high blood pressure osteoporosis and kidney stones.
And we're interested in how consumers view the quality of farmers market produce and the kinds of fruits and vegetables they most often purchase.
#Eating prunes can help weight loss, study showsresearch by the University of Liverpool has found that eating prunes as part of a weight control diet can improve weight loss.
Consumption of dried fruit is recommended not readily during weight loss despite evidence it enhances feelings of fullness.
However a study by the University's Institute of Psychology Health and Society of 100 overweight and obese low fiber consumers tested
whether eating prunes as part of a weight loss diet helped or hindered weight control over a 12-week period.
if low fiber consumers could tolerate eating substantial numbers of prunes in their diet and if eating prunes had a beneficial effect on appetite.
To assess the effects of prunes on weight and appetite participants in the study were divided into two groups--those who ate prunes every day (140g a day for women
The researchers found that members of the group which ate prunes as part of a healthy life-style diet lost 2kg in weight
The study also found that the prune eaters experienced greater weight loss during the last four weeks of the study.
After week eight participants showed increased feelings of fullness in the prune group. Moreover despite the high daily doses prunes were tolerated well.
Liverpool psychologist Dr Jo Harrold who led the research said: These are the first data to demonstrate both weight loss and no negative side effects when consuming prunes as part of a weight management diet.
Indeed in the long term they may be beneficial to dieters by tackling hunger and satisfying appetite;
Along with fresh fruit and vegetables dried fruit can provide a useful and convenient addition to the diet especially as controlling appetite during dieting can be tough.
Hispanic households saw the smallest decrease in total calories purchased possibly due to less access to stores with bar-coded products and greater proportional spending on fruits and vegetables.
These include the damaging pathogens that cause septoria leaf blotch on wheat barley leaf blotch apple scab and light leaf spot on oilseed rape.
#Climate change and the future of sweet cherry in Australiapredicted variations in global climates have fruit producers trying to determine which crops are suited best to weathering future temperature changes.
Higher temperatures could have an impact on the duration of critical winter chill periods needed for successful fruit production potentially altering growing strategies.
According to the authors of a study published in the March 2014 issue of Hortscience the future of sweet cherry crops may be at risk in Australia.
Sweet cherry needs adequate periods of winter chill to flourish: insufficient chill can result in poor bud development sporadic and uneven budbreak prolonged flowering and fruit development and nonuniform ripening.
Penelope Measham and Nicholas Macnair from the Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture at the University of Tasmania along with Audrey Quentin from CSIRO Ecosystems Science published the results of their experiments using two common sweet cherry varieties.
The researchers established the chill requirement for two commonly grown sweet cherry varieties'Sweetheart 'and'Kordia'and then explored the uniformity of bud burst and subsequent impacts on fruit maturation in both varieties.
They then conducted field trials in a commercial cherry orchard in Southern Tasmania Australia from leaf fall in June until harvest the following February.
The team determined that the two sweet cherry varieties required different chill hours and also found that'Sweetheart'reached mean time to
and maximum total bud burst faster than'Kordia';'no significant differences in uniformity of bud burst were found between the two varieties.
The results we obtained by matching chill accumulation to tree phenology showed that cherry-producing regions in Australia will experience sufficient chill to support the production of the variety'Sweetheart'with an increase in mean winter temperature of 1 Â
Dr. Robert Peel Aarhus University explains: People should avoid being outdoors during the peak hours in periods one and two especially between 16 and 20.
and pollen release patterns of the individual species are far from complete Peel and his colleagues conclude that the best way to explain the three concentration patterns is to look at the succession of different grass species with different diurnal flowering patterns which dominate the atmospheric pollen loads as the season progresses.
Since Fall 2012 USDA regulations require students across the country to take a fruit or vegetable with their lunch a good intention that might easily go to the garbage.
and mushrooms--or the obligatory apple next to the mac and cheese--the Johnson Lab has developed state-of-the-art digital imaging to measure consumption a method just validated by a paper published in the Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics.
and photographed a correct portion of each fruit and vegetable item offered as well as analyzed recipes to determine how much fruit
and vegetable a serving contains. Back at the lab visually comparing the composite before and after photos alongside the comparison data researchers can accurately determine consumption within two grams a statistically valid
There are amazing interventions to get kids to eat more fruits and vegetables--farm-to-school programs school gardens
and Management researchers found that the fruits and vegetables that students are choosing at lunch are processed largely versions primarily 100 percent fruit juice and high calorie entrees such as pizza and lasagna with the tomato in the sauce qualifying as a vegetable.
But Johnson is optimistic that over time with the introduction of appealing whole fruits and vegetables into familiar favorites for instance that kids will come around.
and fruit prior to becoming pregnant were less likely to have a preterm birth while those who consistently ate high fat
and chicken as well as fruit whole grains and vegetables had significantly lower risk of preterm birth.
Predominant fat sources for the Eco-Atkins diet were nuts vegetable oils soy products and avocado.
and better access to fresh affordable food--including fruits and vegetables--than they did in past decades.
The cost of fruits and vegetables has increased not over time as some have argued but has gone down more than 20 percent since 1970 the researchers report.
The price of fruits and vegetables is decreasing --but not as rapidly as the cost of junk food An said.
and a fungus that conversely blazed its way into contention by virtue of the bright orange color it displays
Beautiful soft sword-shaped leaves with white edges and cream-colored flowers with bright orange filaments are the hallmarks of this impressive plant.
Tunisia Distinguished by the bright orange color it displays when produced in colonies this fungus was named as a tribute to the Dutch royal family specifically His Royal Highness the Prince of Orange.
It was reported in a journal published by the National Herbarium of The netherlands. The newcomer was isolated from soil in Tunisia.
hard-object feeders (e g. hard fruits seeds) mixed food feeders (e g. fruit) and leaf feeders.
and Turkey suggested that the great ape's diet evolved from hard-shelled fruits and seeds to leaves but these findings only contained samples from the early-Middle and Late Miocene while lack data from the epoch of highest diversity
In their research the scientists found that in contrast with the diet of hard-shelled fruits
but now a new study has shown a direct link between eating fish fruit and dairy products and improved lung function among patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
. and Europe the study specifically looked at COPD patients'lung function within 24 hours of eating grapefruit bananas fish and cheese.
What they found was that people who reported recently consuming fish grapefruit bananas or cheese had showed improvement in lung function less emphysema improved six-minute walk scores improved SGRQ scores
The other form of Vitamin e alpha-tocopherol which is found in olive and sunflower oils does the opposite.
which were thought to be healthier for the heart Looking at other countries'rates of asthma Cook-Mills said those with significantly lower rates of asthma have diets high in olive and sunflower oils.
People in countries that consume olive and sunflower oil have the lowest rate of asthma and those that consume soybean corn
#Central Valley sees big drop in wintertime fog needed for fruit, nut cropscalifornia's winter tule fog--hated by drivers
but needed by fruit and nut trees--has declined dramatically over the past three decades raising a red flag for the state's multibillion dollar agricultural industry according to researchers at UC Berkeley.
Crops such as almonds pistachios cherries apricots and peaches go through a necessary winter dormant period brought on
and fruit during the growing season said biometeorologist and study lead author Dennis Baldocchi whose father grew almonds and walnuts in Antioch and Oakley.
An insufficient rest period impairs the ability of farmers to achieve high quality fruit yields. The study was published May 15 in the journal Geophysical Research Letters a publication of the American Geophysical Union.
The findings have implications for the entire country since many of these California crops account for 95 percent of U s. production the authors noted.
Baldocchi said that fruit developers are already trying to develop cultivars that can tolerate less winter chill.
and avocados along with vegetables like spinach celery and carrots that are rich in nitrites and nitrates.
#Several new apple varieties recommended for growers'Fuji'apples have become increasingly popular among consumers
but the apple variety faces some challenges on its path to full consumer appreciation. Research has determined that consumer acceptance of apples depends largely on fruit color size eating quality and texture.
Consumers are very discerning: poor color can drastically reduce the value of red apples even if their size is acceptable.
The poor and inconsistent peel color of'Fuji'apple strains has limited the apple's marketability.
The authors of a new study say that the introduction of new'Fuji'strains could increase the apple's popularity
and drive up consumer approval. Esmaeil Fallahi Bahar Fallahi and Bahman Shafii from the University of Idaho and Zabihollah Zamani from the University of Tehran published the results of their 6-year study in Hortscience.
The team studied the long-term effects of five'Fuji'strains('Autumn Rose''Desert rose''Myra''September Wonder'and'Top Export'on RN 29 rootstock) on fruit yield and harvest time quality.
The researchers found that fruit of'September Wonder Fuji'trees were larger than those of other strains in 5 of the 6 years that the experiments took place.'
'September Wonder'fruit was less firm than the other strains but showed a higher starch degradation pattern every year traits the researchers attributed to the strain's earlier maturity.
Considering all yield and quality attributes at harvest'September Wonder'was a great choice for an early maturing apple strain Fallahi said.
Outcomes also showed wide variations in apple peel color among those strains categorized as both'low-coloring'and'high-coloring'.
'For example the scientists determined that the fruits of'Autumn Rose''Myra 'and'Top Export'always had less red color
The authors deemed'Desert rose'a good choice for a late-maturing'Fuji'strain based on the apple's excellent color great storability and shape.'
'because the strain produces muddy colored fruit under growing conditions like those in the study.
In some parts of the country orchard owners provide a hospitable nesting environment to encourage pollinating visits to almond apple cherry and other types of fruit trees.
#Over 100 new species discovered by team in drive to document biodiversitya 5-million-year-old saber-toothed cat the world's oldest grape
Among these the world's oldest-known grape species Indovitis chitaleyae discovered in 2005 and described in 2013 pushed the record of the Vitaceae (grape) family into the Late Cretaceous about 66 million years ago.
Brazilian peppertree has clusters of hundreds of small red berries and grows about 10 feet per year to about 30 feet.
E-liquids are flavored including tobacco menthol coffee candy fruit and alcohol flavorings. Despite many unanswered questions about e-cigarette safety the impact on public health and whether the products are effective at reducing tobacco smoking e-cigarettes have penetrated swiftly the marketplace in the United states and abroad in both awareness and use.
and scored the intensity of some of the most characteristic flavors of these wines (strawberry peach banana floral yeast) and flavor (acidity).
As a result they statistically proved that the wines with additives based on antioxidant inactive yeasts were more intense in fruit aromas (strawberry and banana) and less intense in aromatic notes more specific for oxidation (yeast.
#Bee biodiversity boosts crop yieldsresearch from North carolina State university shows that blueberries produce more seeds and larger berries if they are visited by more diverse bee species allowing farmers to harvest significantly more pounds of fruit per acre.
We wanted to understand the functional role of diversity says Dr. Hannah Burrack an associate professor of entomology at NC State
The researchers looked at blueberries in North carolina because it is an economically important and well understood crop that relies on insect pollination.
Within the blueberry fields the researchers identified five distinct groups of bee species: honey bees bumble bees southeastern blueberry bees carpenter bees
and a functionally similar collection of species that they termed small native bees. The researchers found that for each group above one farmers saw an increase of $311 worth of yield per acre.
For North carolina blueberries as a whole we calculate the benefit of each group to be approximately $1. 42 million worth of yield each year Burrack says.
For example southeastern blueberry bees work well regardless of inclement weather whereas honey bees only perform at their best on calm warm sunny days.
since blueberries bloom in March and April in North carolina Burrack says. That means the weather can swing from great to awful as we saw this year.
There is some research showing that having native flowering plants near blueberry fields can increase native bee populations over time
He and his fellow team members--Jian Wu a graduate student in soil and water science researcher Diane Bright and Jim Graham a professor of soil microbiology--are based at the UF/IFAS Citrus
The disease starves the tree of nutrients leaving fruits that are green and misshapen unsuitable for sale as fresh fruit or juice.
and fruit were affected first but the team's research found that greening causes a loss of 30 to 50 percent of trees'fibrous roots before symptoms are visible above ground.
#Eating more fruits, vegetables may cut stroke risk worldwideeating more fruits and vegetables may reduce the risk of stroke worldwide according to new research in the American Heart Association's journal Stroke.
Researchers conducted a meta-analysis of 20 studies published over the last 19 years to assess the effects of fruit and vegetable consumption on risk of stroke globally.
Stroke risk decreased by 32 percent with every 200 grams of fruit consumed each day and 11 percent with every 200 grams of vegetables consumed each day.
In particular a diet rich in fruits and vegetables is recommended highly because it meets micronutrient and macronutrient and fiber requirements without adding substantially to overall energy requirements.
The researcher cited studies demonstrating that high fruit and vegetable consumption can lower blood pressure and improve microvascular function.
The beneficial effects of fruits and vegetables applied consistently to men and women stroke outcome
They note that low fruit and vegetable consumption is prevalent worldwide and especially in low-and middle-income countries.
Increasing the consumption of fruits and vegetables up to 600 grams each day could reduce the burden of ischemic stroke by 19 percent globally according to the World health organization.
The American Heart Association advises the average adult to eat four to five servings each of fruits and vegetables daily based on a 2000-calorie diet.
A diet rich in a variety of colors and types of vegetables and fruits is a way of getting important nutrients that most people don't get enough of including vitamins minerals and dietary fiber.
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