#Stink bug traps may increase damage to tomato fruitsthe invasive brown marmorated stink bug (Halyomorpha halys) is an important pest of fruits and vegetables.
but the the abundance of stink bugs on the tomato fruits was marginally greater in the gardens with traps
and the fruits sustained significantly more injury than tomato fruits grown in gardens without traps.
Furthermore tomato fruits on plants near the traps housed more stink bugs than tomato fruits on plants that were away from the traps.
and it appears that the addition of traps to gardens may increase injury to tomato fruits.
-and-kill stink bug trap near a plant may actually result in greater abundance of stink bugs on the fruit the researchers wrote.
and raw fruits and vegetables that haven't been washed properly The most recent outbreak of meat-traced E coli was in 2010 according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Folate is found in foods such as green leafy vegetables like spinach citrus fruits legumes whole grains and vegemite.
They feed on the nutritious part of the fruits the fleshy aril and defecate the seeds. Ants haul seeds which have fallen to the ground to their nests or leave them intact on their way.
A similar effect was reported also in studies of monkeys where the animals would eat both grapes and cucumbers but preferred one grape over one grape plus a slice of cucumber when given the option.
Even the source of the vodka--corn wheat rye barley potato berries and cactus--didn't affect peoples'preferences he noted.
The team tested three cocoa powders using a model digestive tract composed of a series of modified test tubes to simulate normal digestion.
He explained that cocoa powder an ingredient in chocolate contains several polyphenolic or antioxidant compounds such as catechin and epicatechin and a small amount of dietary fiber.
Finley also noted that combining the fiber in cocoa with prebiotics is likely to improve a person's overall health
when dark chocolate is combined with solid fruits like pomegranates and acai. Looking to the future he said that the next step would be for industry to do just that.
Insect pests in the makingof thousands of known species of Drosophila fruit flies just one is known as a crop pest depositing eggs inside ripening fruit
Drosophila flies found worldwide lay their eggs in rotting fruit. Drosophila suzukii also referred to as spotted-wing Drosophila
because the male has large black blotches on his wings (as do males of several other closely related species) is able to penetrate the skins of ripening fruit
Previously it was thought that Drosophila would just lay eggs on rotting fruit. D. suzukii apparently originated in Asia
However it wasn't identified as a pest in North america until 2008 when a UC Cooperative Extension specialist sent samples of infested strawberries to Kopp's laboratory at UC Davis asking for help in identification.
They also offered lab-raised flies different fruits and observed whether they were able to lay eggs in them.
In the lab both D. suzukii and D. subpulchrella flies could penetrate the skins of cherries and raspberries and deposit eggs in them.
D. suzukii flies but not D. subpulchrella made holes in grape skins although they laid relatively few eggs there.
when the Drosophila flies could penetrate fruit they were not very good at it taking several minutes and multiple attempts.
Laying eggs inside ripening fruit is probably a recent development for Drosophila. Kopp speculated that as flies compete for good food sources in
which to lay their eggs there would be an advantage in being able to colonize fresher and firmer fruit.
Eventually this could have pushed D. suzukii to the point where it can penetrate fruit before it falls and starts to rot.
Baylis said that fruit and vegetable crops which are highly perishable tend to have less regulation than the grains and oilseeds.
#Honey offers new approach to fighting antibiotic resistancehoney that delectable condiment for breads and fruits could be one sweet solution to the serious ever-growing problem of bacterial resistance to antibiotics
These foods included carrots apples a grilled chicken sandwich and string cheese. Furthermore the regular nacho cheese sauce was replaced with a no trans-fat variety
Try adding items such as granola bars fresh fruit string cheese and mixed nuts. Rather than removing the less healthy options make them using healthier ingredients
In wine-growing for example where warmer conditions will allow the cultivation of additional grape varieties. Without climate protection measures it is to be expected that problematic consequences will be dominant.
The most threatened of the beach nestersâ#he maleoâ#s a chicken-sized bird with a black helmet (or casque) yellow facial skin a red-orange beak
For example the systems biology approach could be applied in research to develop sweeter citrus fruit disease-resistant rice or drought-resistant trees.
and profits at a booster-run concession stand in Iowa that offered healthy food items from apples to string cheese over two fall seasons.
whether the club would add healthy foods--from apples to string cheese--to its concessions menu. And by the way would it also consider putting healthier ingredients in big sellers like nachos and popcorn?
Apples carrots and dip chicken sandwiches granola bars pickles soft pretzels string cheese and trail mix. The items were sold durning the 2009 fall season at Muscatine High football games volleyball matches and swim meets.
Inside both parts of the cage the bats were offered their favourite fruits to harvest: pepper plants nightshade and figs.
The results revealed that bats flew into the dark compartment twice as often as the compartment lit by a street lamp.
The bats also harvested fruits almost twice as often in the dark compartment. In a second experiment Lewanzik illuminated pepper plants growing in the wild with a street light
and measured the percentage of ripe fruit which bats harvested from plants in a dark location and from lit plants.
While bats harvested 100 per cent of the marked ripe fruit from the plants in the dark only 78 per cent were taken from the lit plants.
Although insect-eating bats have been shown to avoid foraging in light-polluted areas this is the first study to show that fruit-eating bats also avoid lit areas.
This is necessary since they mainly feed on fruit of pepper plants from the Genus piper that grow in the understory.
These fruit are usually long and thin spikes that bats harvest on the wing and then eat it as humans eat corn on the cob.
and beans soy beans corn peas Brussels'sprouts cauliflower broccoli cabbage celery onions leek garlic artichokes figs peaches grapes and prunes) induces profound changes
Vegetables berries and fruits fish and unsaturated fats from milk products and spreads were some of the healthy components
In warm regions like Santorini with frequent dry periods in the summer and springlike winters olive wood often only produces tree rings that are difficult to identify.
Phenolics are antioxidants similar to those in grapes and red wine. Compared to plants grown in normal soil without bacteria plants grown in stamp sand alone showed a fivefold increase in phenolics.
#Banana plant fights off crops invisible nemesis: Roundwormsthe banana variety Yangambi km5 produces toxic substances that kill the nematode Radopholus similis a roundworm that infects the root tissue of banana plants--to the frustration of farmers worldwide.
The finding by an international team of researchers that includes professors Rony Swennen and Dirk De Waele (Laboratory for Tropical Crop Improvement) bodes well for the Grande Naine the export banana par excellence which is very susceptible to the roundworms.
The parasitic nematode Radopholus similis is the invisible nemesis of the banana plant says Professor Dirk De Waele:
This roundworm infects banana crops worldwide. The nematodes are invisible to the naked eye but they can penetrate the roots of banana plants by the thousands.
Once infected these plants absorb less water and nutrients resulting in yield losses of up to 75 percent.
Lesions in the roots also make the plant more susceptible to other diseases. Eventually the roots begin to rot.
In the final stage of the disease the plant topples over its fruit bunch inexorably lost.
The researchers compared the two banana varieties and studied their defense responses to Radopholus similis.
In that banana variety the nematodes win the fight. The researchers'findings were published in a recent issue of the journal PNAS.
and pest-resistant banana varieties says Swennen. The next step is to screen other banana varieties for metabolites.
This method could also be applied to other crops and other species of nematode. Nematodes pose a growing threat to rice production in Asia for example.
fruits, vegetables linked to reduced risk of preterm deliverypregnant women who eat a prudent diet rich in vegetables fruits whole grains
Although these findings cannot establish causality they support dietary advice to pregnant women to eat a balanced diet including vegetables fruit whole grains
The researchers identified three distinct dietary patterns interpreted as prudent (vegetables fruits oils water as a beverage whole grain cereals poultry fibre rich bread) Western
She points to several studies that have proposed the benefit of a diet rich in fruit and/or vegetables in prevention of premature birth and says health professionals would
They each had one in-person visit with a dietitian where together they created a plan to reduce their heart risk including the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet with eight to 10 servings of vegetables and fruits per day.
All those fruits and vegetables kept me full and less likely to eat something I might regret later.
and vegetable and fruit intake--and to receive ongoing feedback. When appropriate the dietitians also encouraged patients
It is related to the Oregon grape (Mahonia aquifolium) that is native to North america and that has been spreading through Europe for years.
Approximately 2000 berries were collected from different regions of Germany examined for signs of piercing and then cut open to examine any infestation by the larvae of the tephritid fruit fly (Rhagoletis meigenii).
This parasite punctures the berries in order to lay its eggs inside them. If the larva is able to develop it will often feed on all of the seeds in the berry.
A special characteristic of the Barberry is that each berry usually has two seeds and that the plant is able to stop the development of its seeds in order to save its resources.
This mechanism is employed also to defend it from the tephritid fruit fly. If a seed is infested with the parasite later on the developing larva will feed on both seeds.
and the second seed in the berry is saved. When analysing the seeds the scientists came across a surprising discovery:
the seeds of the infested fruits are aborted not always but rather it depends on how many seeds there are in the berries explains Dr. Katrin M. Meyer who analysed the data at the UFZ and currently works at the University of Goettingen.
If the infested fruit contains two seeds then in 75 per cent of cases the plants will abort the infested seeds in order to save the second intact seed.
If however the infested fruit only contains one seed then the plant will only abort the infested seed in 5 per cent of cases.
The data from fieldwork were put into a computer model which resulted in a conclusive picture. Using computer model calculations scientists were able to demonstrate how those plants subjected to stress from parasite infestation reacted very differently from those without stress.
If the Barberry aborts a fruit with only one infested seed then the entire fruit would be lost.
But how does the Barberry know what is in store for it after the tephritid fruit fly has punctured a berry?
#New school meal standards significantly increase fruit, vegetable consumptionnew federal standards launched in 2012 that require schools to offer healthier meals have led to increased fruit and vegetable consumption according to a new study from Harvard School of Public health (HSPH) researchers.
The study the first to examine school food consumption both before and after the standards went into effect contradicts criticisms that the new standards have increased food waste.
We hope the findings which show that students are consuming more fruits and vegetables will discourage those efforts said lead author Juliana Cohen research fellow in the Department of Nutrition at HSPH.
The new standards from the United states Department of agriculture (USDA) aimed to improve the nutritional quality of school meals by making whole grains fruits
and vegetables more available requiring the selection of a fruit or vegetable increasing the portion sizes of fruits
and vegetables removing trans fats and placing limits on total calories and sodium levels. The researchers collected plate waste data among 1030 students in four schools in an urban low-income school district both before (fall 2011)
Following the implementation of the new standards fruit selection increased by 23.0%;%entrã e and vegetable selection remained unchanged.
%fruit consumption was unchanged but because more students selected fruit overall more fruit was consumed post-implementation.
Importantly the new standards did not result in increased food waste contradicting anecdotal reports from food service directors teachers parents
and the requirement that students select a fruit or vegetable. However high levels of fruit and vegetable waste continued to be a problem--students discarded roughly 60%-75%of vegetables and 40%of fruits on their trays.
The authors say that schools must focus on improving food quality and palatability to reduce waste.
From opposing hues like red apples next to green celery to subtler variations such as light to dark purple grapes every color seems to hold its own unique attraction.
Flowers attract pollinators fruits attract seed-dispersing animals plants express stress responses and organisms communicate with each other in many ways via color.
and fruit development plant nutrient deficiencies responses to heat and drought stress and other biological phenomena that result in visible color changes.
or milk allergies but my daughter is allergic to wheat cashews eggs and almonds. What can you do about that?'
A small proportion of that acreage produces foods that people eat such apples and potatoes although much of it contributes indirectly by supporting livestock production systems.
For vegetables the region produces 26%of the amount of it consumes and for fruit 18%.
Within the fruit category the region is most self-reliant for berries primarily blueberries and cranberries.
which emphasize fruits vegetables and low-fat dairy products Griffin noted. The authors note that agricultural growth in the region will be challenging because of land use patterns.
Orange underbellies of female lizards signal fertilityaustralian lizards are attracted to females with the brightest orange patches--but preferably not too large--on their underbelly according to research published in the open-access journal Frontiers in Ecology
Males targeted the orange painted females more frequently than white ones regardless of the females'actual reproductive state.
They were attracted most to females with small bright orange patches and tended to avoid those with larger paler ones.
and very large orange spots suggest the female is swollen with eggs and no longer interested in mating.
and display their orange patterning This position prevents copulation and the bright orange color displayed is believed to have added the benefit of confusing
and warding off predatory birds who might catch sight of the vulnerable female lizard. Story Source:
although foliar applications in the field are allowed on some tree fruits crops. If we can include bactericides in a program that can minimize insecticide use then this could be integrated part of an disease management approach he said.
By carefully analyzing eau de male goat researchers reporting in the Cell Press journal Current Biology on February 27 have identified now a novel citrus-scented ingredient that speaks directly to the females.
Break off a branch from the nearest pine tree peel away the bark and slowly pour lake water through the stick.
and produce the fruits and nuts we consume. If beekeeping becomes a money-losing business in the U s. there will soon be fewer bees
The result might be oranges or apples both pollinated by bees costing $5 each because so few are produced without adequate pollination.
Story Source: The above story is provided based on materials by Texas A&m University. Note: Materials may be edited for content and length
To collect sheath saliva the scientists placed organic grape tomatoes in the cages. After two days of stink bug feeding they removed the tomatoes from the cages
#Strawberries lower cholesterol, study suggestsa team of volunteers ate half a kilo of strawberries a day for a month to see
Several studies had demonstrated already the antioxidant capacity of strawberries but now researchers from the Universitã Politecnica delle Marche (UNIVPM Italy) together with colleagues from the Universities of Salamanca Granada and Seville (Spain) conducted an analysis that revealed that these fruits also help to reduce cholesterol.
The team set up an experiment in which they added 500 g of strawberries to the daily diets of 23 healthy volunteers over a month.
They took blood samples before and after this period to compare data. The results which are published in the Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry show that the total amount of cholesterol the levels of low-density lipoproteins (LDL
Eating strawberries also improved other parameters such as the general plasma lipid profile antioxidant biomarkers (such as Vitamin c or oxygen radical absorbance capacity) antihemolytic defences and platelet function.
All parameters returned to their initial values 15 days after abandoning'treatment'with strawberries. As Maurizio Battino researcher at UNIVPM and Director of the study said:
This is the first time a study has been published that supports the protective role of the bioactive compounds in strawberries in tackling recognised markers and risk factors for cardiovascular diseases.
which compounds of this fruit are behind their beneficial effects but all the signs and epidemiological studies point towards anthocyanins the vegetable pigments that afford them their red colour.
The research team confirmed in other studies that eating strawberries also protects against ultraviolet radiation reduces the damage that alcohol can have on the gastric mucosa strengthens erythrocytes
In fact this year they will publish another study in the journal'Food Chemistry'in which they will demonstrate that consuming strawberries increases the antioxidant function of blood flow erythrocytes and mononuclear cells.
and co-authors looked at different types of citrus â#oranges lemons and tangerines â#in two cities in Iran where the existence of heritage gardens meant data were easily available.
They found that while global warming is causing the fruit trees to flower as much as a month earlier than 50 years ago
Increasing frost risk associated with advanced citrus flowering dates in Kerman and Shiraz Iran: 1960â#010 was published in the International Journal of Biometeorology in January 2014
which affects rose family fruits such as apples and pears and mummyberry disease which attacks blueberries. Mcart adds Our intent with this paper is to stimulate interest in the fascinating yet poorly understood microbial world of flowers.
We found several generalities in how plant pathogens are transmitted at flowers yet the major take-home from our paper may be in pointing out that this is an important gap in our knowledge.
Research shows that family meals promote healthier eating--more fruits vegetables and fiber; less fried food;
or pasta a vegetable like a green salad or cooked carrots and sliced apples or fruit salad for dessert Ginn says. â#¢Set the right mood.
When your daily eating plans include foods like vegetables fruits whole grains lean meats poultry fish eggs fat-free
#Fruit-loving lemurs score higher on spatial memory testsfood-finding tests in five lemur species show that fruit-eaters may have better spatial memory than lemurs with a more varied diet.
and mongoose lemurs that eat a mix of fruit leaves seeds flowers nectar and insects.
The results are consistent with these species'foraging behavior in the wild the researchers say with fruit-eaters doing well
In their native Madagascar ruffed lemurs'diets can exceed 90%fruit--especially figs. Remembering when and where to find food from one season to the next requires keen spatial skills and good powers of recall.
Fruit is only ripe and ready to eat on a given tree for a limited time
and the next fruit-laden tree may be far away in the forest. Coquerel's sifakas eat mostly leaves
#High cost of fruits, vegetables linked to higher body fat in young childrenhigh prices for fresh fruits
but significant association between the prices of fruit and vegetables and higher child BMI said Taryn Morrissey the study's lead author and assistant professor of public administration and policy at AU's School of Public
when the prices of fruits and vegetables go up families may buy less of them and substitute cheaper foods that may not be as healthy
These associations are driven by changes in the prices of fresh fruits and vegetables rather than frozen
and fruits and vegetables have increased. Fruit and vegetable prices increased by 17 percent between 1997 and 2003 alone.
Children living in areas with higher-priced fruits and vegetables averaged higher measures of BMI scores compared with their peers in areas with lower-priced fruits and vegetables.
Another surprising finding was an association between higher fast food prices and an increase in obesity.
and beverages provided by parents have resulted in little to no improvement in the amount of fruits vegetables whole grains and/or water.
Incentives identified by the summer day camps were distributed based on points accumulated by the children and staff for bringing fruits vegetables and water.
or reduced lunch researchers noted increases of 12%for fresh fruit 11%for vegetables and 14%for water brought on average from baseline to posttest.
For the staff of which more than 200 were observed researchers noted an increase in fruit and vegetables brought of 18%and 13%respectively
New approaches foundresearchers at the University and East Malling Research have identified a new way of controlling a fungal disease that can have a devastating impact on the UK's valuable cherry and plum crops.
Now researchers from the two organizations have identified a new strategy for controlling the disease using biological control agents derived from isolates from UK cherries and plums.
and then narrowed this down to two via a series of tests on detached fruit.
Controlled sets of cherries and plums--with and without the biological control agents added--were placed in conditions known to induce the onset of brown rot disease.
'Brown rot disease is a major problem for the UK's cherry and plum producers and in a growing number of cases traditional fungicide treatments are becoming ineffective.'
'Our research found that microbial antagonists against the brown rot disease can be found from indigenous sources in the UK
#New pomegranate-inspired design solves problems for lithium-ion batteriesan electrode designed like a pomegranate--with silicon nanoparticles clustered like seeds in a tough carbon rind--overcomes several remaining
Experiments showed our pomegranate-inspired anode operates at 97 percent capacity even after 1000 cycles of charging
These carbon rinds hold the pomegranate clusters together and provide a sturdy highway for electrical currents.
And since each pomegranate cluster has just one-tenth the surface area of the individual particles inside it a much smaller area is exposed to the electrolyte thereby reducing the amount of gunk that forms to a manageable level.
Lab tests showed that pomegranate anodes worked well when made in the thickness required for commercial battery performance.
and say--apples to apples--this is what's happening and it allows us to say it's a general effect.
Use of a range of wild species of fruit vegetables condiments and medicines as well as wild animal-sourced foods increase the likelihood that subsistence farmers with access to natural ecosystems meet their nutrition and health needs.
This typically results from not eating enough foods rich in essential vitamins and minerals such as animal-source foods fruits vegetables and legumes.
#Can citrus ward off your risk of stroke? Eating foods that contain Vitamin c may reduce your risk of the most common type of hemorrhagic stroke according to a study released today that will be presented at the American Academy of Neurology's 66th Annual Meeting in Philadelphia April 26 to May 3 2014.
Vitamin c is found in fruits and vegetables such as oranges papaya peppers broccoli and strawberries. Hemorrhagic stroke is less common than ischemic stroke
Seed treatments help manage chinch bugs grape colapsis thrips and soil insects such as wire worms and white grubs and get the plants off to a good healthy start.
and compare apples to apples. The researchers analyzed the fiber's current carrying capacity (CCC)
#Grape seed promise in fight against bowel canceruniversity of Adelaide research has shown for the first time that grape seed can aid the effectiveness of chemotherapy in killing colon cancer cells as well as reducing the chemotherapy's side effects.
Published in the journal PLOS ONE the researchers say that combining grape seed extracts with chemotherapy has potential as a new approach for bowel cancer treatment--to both reduce intestinal damage commonly caused by cancer chemotherapy
Lead author Dr Amy Cheah says there is a growing body of evidence about the antioxidant health benefits of grape seed tannins or polyphenols as anti-inflammatory agents and more recently for their anticancer properties.
This is the first study showing that grape seed can enhance the potency of one of the major chemotherapy drugs in its action against colon cancer cells says Dr Cheah researcher in the School of Agriculture Food and Wine.
Our research also showed that in laboratory studies grape seed taken orally significantly reduced inflammation
Unlike chemotherapy grape seed appears to selectively act on cancer cells and leave healthy cells almost unaffected.
The researchers used commercially available grape seed extract a by-product of winemaking. Tannins extracted from the grape seed were powdered freeze-dried
and. The extract was tested in laboratory studies using colon cancer cells grown in culture. The research showed grape seed extract:
â#¢showed no side effects on the healthy intestine at concentrations of up to 1000mg/kg; â#¢significantly decreased intestinal damage compared to the chemotherapy control;
â#¢decreased chemotherapy-induced inflammation by up to 55%â#¢increased growth-inhibitory effects of chemotherapy on colon cancer cells in culture by 26%Our experimental studies have shown that grape
While this effect is very promising we were concerned initially that grape seed could reduce the effectiveness of the chemotherapy.
In contrast we found that grape seed extract not only aided the ability of chemotherapy to kill cancer cells
Grape seed is showing great potential as an anti-inflammatory treatment for a range of bowel diseases and now as a possible anticancer treatment.
These findings could be a boost to the wine grape industry as it value adds to
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