I helped pick peas string beans tomatoes and green onions. No matter how small the size of the garden it was a family event planting growing
When in the field with one of our Grow Appalachia gardeners my foundation director ate a bean right off their plant
and congratulated the gardener on the flavor the woman was surprised to see the bean eaten fresh
#Growing'Green'Economy Sprouts Need for'Green'Credentials (Op-Ed) Robert Reiley is an adjunct professor and course developer at Kaplan University School of Legal Studies
Thanksgiving Turns 150 This Thursday Americans will gather around groaning tables to consume massive amounts of turkey gravy potatoes and stuffing.
Cranberries and pumpkins which are northern crops likewise highlight this holiday's Yankee roots. In fact Thanksgiving was associated initially so with the North that Southerners embittered by the Civil war took some time to warm to the proceedings Smith said.
and legumes promotes cow health as well as improves the fatty acid profile of organic dairy products said study author Charles Benbrook of the Center for Sustaining Agriculture and Natural resources at Washington state University.
More than 20 percent of products contained fillers such as rice wheat and soybeans in addition to the main ingredient.
Other products contaminated with walnut leaves wheat soybeans and rice might pose problems for people with allergies
and pumpkins are expertly (and not-so-expertly) carved into jack-o'lanterns. Amid all the commercialism haunted houses and bogus warnings about razors in apples the origins of Halloween are overlooked often.
Why Do We Carve Pumpkins at Halloween? Some evangelical Christians have expressed concern that Halloween is somehow Satanic because of its roots in pagan ritual.
And green-bean casserole was undreamed of. Â The story of how modern Thanksgiving came to be is filled with myth commercialization regional influences
Thanksgiving is based on a national myth said food writer Cynthia Bertelsen who blogs at Gherkins & Tomatoes.
and preserves vegetables custards cheese cake and pies. In the 19th century the turkey has the additional charm that most Victorians in Yankeeland were positive that the Pilgrims had it too Oliver said.
Cranberries and pumpkins are both Northeastern crops that are ready in the fall making their inclusion in a fall harvest feast a no-brainer.
Potatoes'place in the meal reflects their general popularity. We like having potatoes at Thanksgiving
because people like having potatoes at every meal Oliver said. Potatoes originated in South america and were taken to Europe by Spanish explorers.
They made their way back to the United states with Scots-Irish settlers ethnic Scots who were resettled in Ireland
and then immigrated to The americas Smith said White potatoes didn't become a keystone of the American diet until about 1872 Bertelsen said
when botanist Luther Burbank developed the Russet potato that is ubiquitous today. Some Thanksgiving staples however reflect a non-Northern heritage.
The South took its time jumping on the Thanksgiving bandwagon as the holiday was seen as a Yankee invention.
Cornbread stuffing (or dressing as Southerners call it) hails from the South as do sweet potatoes.
Sweet potatoes were one of the many root crops that were a staple in the West indies where enslaved Africans were pressed into service on sugarcane plantations Twitty told Livescience.
These men would take a cast-iron dish of sweet potatoes to the boiling house and spoon ladles of the molten sugar over the dish.
The boiling sugar was so hot it cooked the potatoes as it cooled. If you think about one of our favorite dishes at Thanksgiving candied yams that started out as food for slaves Twitty said.
Sweet potatoes are called often yams but they're actually different plants.)Cornbread is a Native american food adapted by European Americans
and African americans alike Twitty said. West african meals typically include mushes like couscous or other grains he said.
Green-bean casserole usually made with mushroom soup and fried onions on top was a 20th-century invention.
In 1955 a Campbell soup Co. home economist named Dorcas Reilly invented the recipe which was made with Campbell's Cream of Mushroom Soup and French's French fried onions.
It caught on. About 50 percent of French fried onions are sold during Thanksgiving Christmas and Easter because of that casserole Oliver said.
Canned cranberry sauce is relatively new on the scene too. In 1912 the Cape cod Cranberry Company started selling canned cranberry sauce under the now-familiar Ocean Spray name Bertelsen said.
The South prefers its sweet-potato pie to the pumpkin variety Twitty said and pecan pie has Southern roots as well.
Norwegian Americans make a potato flatbread called lefse which they serve with meatballs Bertelsen said.
And in many places around the state they are looking at about a third of a crop of soybeans because of the drought.
In Central and South america the most commonly domesticated plants were maize bottle gourds squash and beans.
or requiring a specific number of fruits or vegetables; reducing or eliminating products that contain trans fats;
Considering ketchup as a substitute vegetable was mentioned never in the regulations but was the subject of news media editorials
 Use a ricer for lump-free mashed potatoes: For fluffy lump-free mashed potatoes Test Kitchen chefs found that a potato ricer is the best tool to use.
It's basically a big garlic press but you get very fine shreds so it's easier to work with the cooked potatoes Bishop said.
It's pretty cheap but if you can't get one then a regular masher can make light and fluffy potatoes too.
And which variety of potato is best for mashing? Russets are ideal but Yukon Gold potatoes can also be used Bishop said.
Cook stuffing separately not inside the turkey: Cooking stuffing inside the turkey's cavity may be a nice tradition
but it slows down the entire cooking process Bishop said. Stuffing has eggs in it
Add brown rice instead of French fries: Guess what? Pound for pound brown rice is cheaper than the fries.
You can probably even get a pound of dry rice for under $2. A cheap yummy and healthy snack:
Use frozen vegetables: Frozen veggies are usually very affordable and you'll often find them on sale.
There isn't really a time limit on when you have to use them either so it's a good investment
They work great in stir-fries stews and casseroles. Make pita pizzas. Buy some whole-wheat pitas and top them with healthy pizza toppings.
canned pineapple (drained) black olives mushrooms baby spinach garlic and leftover chicken (but not necessarily on the same pizza.
#How to Get Kids to Like Vegetables: Study Reveals Tips One trick to getting kids to like their vegetables is simply to keep offering them a variety of veggies especially
when they are younger than 1 year old and at their most receptive a new study suggests.
The results showed that the more frequently a particular vegetable was offered to children the more they tended to like it.
The researchers also found children ages 6 to 12 months were reported by their mothers as liking vegetables more than 2-and 3-year-olds.
The findings suggest that offering a wider variety of vegetables and more frequently to 6-to 12-month olds may help to promote vegetable liking
When children reach 1 year old they start to reject novel foods the researchers said. 10 Ways to Promote Kids'Healthy Eating Habits The researchers also found children's liking of a vegetable was related to how often their mothers
Children's enjoyment of vegetables was not related to preparation methods. High fruit and vegetable consumption has been linked to decreased risk of developing diseases including certain cancers heart disease obesity and diabetes.
The World health organization (WHO) recommends people consume at least 400 grams (nearly 1 lb.)of fruits and vegetables every day.
The U s. government recommends people eat nine servings of fruits and vegetables daily. Previous studies have shown that eating vegetables often
and consuming a variety of them early in childhood contribute to healthier dietary habits that often continue into adulthood the researchers said.
which children were offered various vegetables and how much they liked them. On average children had been offered an average of 17 of the 36 vegetables that researchers asked about in the survey.
None of the children had been introduced to all vegetables. The most commonly consumed vegetable among the children was followed carrots by broccoli peas sweet corn and cucumber.
The results also revealed some cultural differences in how mothers prepared vegetables. French mothers tended to puree or mash vegetables and sometimes steam
and stew them rather than prepare them in other ways. Danish mothers were most likely to boil vegetables
or offer them to children in raw form compared with other types of preparations. U k. mothers were more likely to boil steam
or offer raw vegetables. The study will be published in the December issue of the journal Appetite. Email Bahar Gholipourâ or follow her@alterwired. Followâ Livescienceâ@livescience Facebookâ & Google+.
+Original article on Livescience v
#How to Land Safely on a Vertical surface, Bee-Style (Op-Ed) This article was published originally atâ The Conversation.
 The publication contributed the article to Livescience'sâ Expert Voices: Op-Ed & Insights.
and multiple leaf shapes that protect young sprouts from browsing tortoises. These so-called evolutionary anachronisms could disappear altogether
and spices including ginger coriander cardamom turmeric dried hot peppers and cinnamon among others. Chutneys thick condiments and spreads made from assorted fruits
and vegetables such as tamarind and tomatoes and mint cilantro and other herbs are used generously in Indian cooking.
and bhatoora a fried fluffy flatbread common in North India and eaten with chickpea curry.
The Magellanic woodpecker a relative of the extinct ivory-billed woodpecker lives throughout the Andes of Chile and Argentina.
and the University of Santiago in Chile report they have now found the first evidence of Magellanic predation on Navarino Island a 955-square-mile (2473 square kilometers) island off the coast of Southern Chile by the American mink
and a cup of lentil or beans has between 3 and 7 mg. But a 3-ounce serving of beef has only 2 to 3 mg of heme iron so you would need to eat a large serving of beef to meet your daily iron needs
Potassium found in foods such as sweet potatoes bananas and orange juice may increase a woman's chances of developing PMS by boosting levels of a hormone linked to water retention.
So whether you are a vegetarian who eats lettuce and cauliflower or an omnivore who eats steak and kidney pies you are eating cells
and each cell contains DNA which in turn contains the entire genetic information or the whole genome of each species you eat.
They could also identify a lettuce or a strawberry from a leaf or from the fruit.
and asparagus as a main and fruit salad for dessert you are eating lots of different DNA.
This same gene has been inserted into GM corn soybeans and cotton Sneller said At least 95 percent of GM soybeans contain this gene
and they're exported around the world and there's no health problems at all Sneller said. When Monsanto was considering GM wheat the company consulted with the FDA
and many fruits and vegetables that have been discovered over the past decade to be the substances responsible for the bulk of olive oil's health benefits without
Eat more fruits and vegetables. That's right. If an apple a day keeps the doctor away just think of what would happen
if Americans ate as many as nine to 13 servings 4. 5 to 6. 5 cups of fruits and vegetables.
or a large carrot we would save $5 billion annually in health care expenditures and prevent more than 30000 heart-related deaths.
and Robert Pritikin recommend eating more fruits and veggies. So what's stopping us besides the fact that junk food is addictive?
Federal farm policies fork over hundreds of millions of dollars a year to subsidize commodity crops mainly corn and soybeans
and vegetables discouraging production of the very staples federal dietary guidelines recommend. These perverse policies make Americans foot the bill twice once to subsidize commodity crops that wind up in junk food
or vegetable that benefits from a significant federal subsidy the report found but the $689 million apple growers received during the last 18 years is compared peanuts with commodity crop support.
and vegetables to meet the demand. To increase supply O'hara says the federal government should spend more on agricultural research specifically on plant-breeding programs that produce higher yields
and vegetables which makes no sense. And unlike commodity farmers many fruit and vegetable growers especially those who grow a variety of crops can't get adequate crop insurance another major disincentive.
and vegetables more available but also provide a market for regional fruit and vegetable farmers. We need smarter policies that invest in farmers markets farm-to-school programs
We need to start thinking about eating fruits and vegetables as an investment in public health.
Sherrod Brown (D-Ohio) and Rep. Chellie Pingree (D-Maine) introduced identical bills in Congress that would expand consumer access to fruits vegetables
and Veggies Protect Your Heart and Save Billions of Dollars in Health care Costs which first appeared on the Huffington Post.
#Kids Prefer Veggies Not Too Raw, Not Too Cooked Young children may be more willing to eat their vegetables
when the foods are cooked for just the right amount of time not too quickly and not too slowly a new study from Australia suggests.
and boys ages 5 and 6 children said they liked the taste of broccoli and cauliflower more when the vegetables were cooked for a medium amount of time (6 to 8 minutes) than
when they were cooked a shorter (2 to 3 minutes) or longer time (10 to 14 minutes).
whether or not the youngsters typically consumed a lot of vegetables. See 4 Tips for Sneaking'Health'into Your Kids'Food.
The children also preferred broccoli that was steamed rather than boiled; they didn't have a favorite cooking method for cauliflower the researchers said.
Broccoli steamed for a longer period of time is more bitter which may explain why the children didn't like it.
By contrast the bitterness of cauliflower didn't change much when it was cooked for a longer period.
A child's overall degree of preference for vegetables is influenced likely by both flavor and texture the researchers said.
Based on the study results children seem to prefer a medium-firm texture which is achieved with the middle cooking time the researchers said.
Because steamed veggies retain more nutrients than their boiled counterparts and kids seem to like the way they taste there may be an advantage to steaming vegetables rather than boiling them the researchers said.
However because the study was conducted in a laboratory it's not clear if the findings would hold in a real world setting
when vegetables were served as part of a meal rather than a la carte. The study conducted by researchers at the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation is to be published in an upcoming issue of the journal Food Quality and Preference.
Kids prefer broccoli and cauliflower to be cooked for 6 to 8 minutes. This story was provided by Myhealthnewsdaily a sister site to Livescience.
Follow Rachael Rettner on Twitter@Rachaelrettner or Myhealthnewsdaily@Myhealth mhnd. We're also on Facebook & Google+G
#Kiwifruits'Freakish DNA History Exposed Fuzzy green-fleshed kiwifruit shares many genes with shiny red tomatoes.
Among the 39040 genes found in the kiwifruit many were similar to distantly related species including potatoes and tomatoes from the order Solanes a biological classification one step up from oefamily.
Tomatoes and potatoes both hail from the Western hemisphere while kiwifruit originated in the mountains of southwest China.
#Kudzu-Eating Stinkbug May Attack US Soybeans Pesky vines of kudzu native to Asia have crept throughout the southeastern United states in recent decades
Worse new research shows that the kudzu bugs'taste for soybeans threatens crops outside of the South.
which would eat only kudzu during their immature phase before graduating to soybeans during adulthood.
and could eat soybean crops throughout their lifetime. Invasive Species: The Peskiest Alien Mammals But in a greenhouse laboratory researchers at North carolina State university found that baby Generation A kudzu bugs did not have restricted a kudzu diet.
These immature insects were able to live off soybeans alone and they reached maturity and reproduced the researchers said.
And the bugs didn't thrive on just any legume; greenhouse experiments using snap beans instead of soybeans failed to produce the same results.
Researchers began seeing some of this behavior in the wild in 2012 and while those data aren't quite ready for publication our lab work
and the field observations indicate that kudzu bugs are potentially capable of spreading into any part of the United states where soybeans are grown.
And soybeans are grown almost everywhere study researcher Dominic Reisig an assistant professor of entomology at NC State said in a statement.
It also means that both annual generations of kudzu bugs could attack soybean crops in areas where the bug is established already
and soybeans individuals who otherwise seem not terribly concerned about the problems of hungry people or farmers in developing countries.
but most are about U s. crops more precisely the export crops soybean and corn. The phrase got a big boost in the 1970s
and soybeans is the equivalent of putting food into the mouths of hungry people. But there is no direct connection between U s. corn
and soybean exports should drop it as well. If we need a catchphrase for world hunger issues we could consider helping the world feed itself.
Although it's not clear why the behemoths were getting bigger over evolutionary time their big size may have made them more vulnerable to extinction said study co-author Catalina Pimiento a biology doctoral candidate at the University of Florida and the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute
or more without significant changes in body plan Pimiento said. This species is not as successful as we think Pimiento said.
A lot of sharks that were alive during the time of Megalodon are still around today. Megalodon's short history made Pimiento ask
whether the shark's body size affected its evolutionary success. Body size affects nearly every aspect of an organism's biology
and ecology Pimiento told Livescience. When you have a very large organism like Megalodon that can be very good or very bad.
When food supplies dwindled these giant creatures could have had a tough time finding enough food Pimiento said.
Bigger over time Pimiento went to several museums around the world and measured the tooth size of about 400 specimens of Megalodon.
but Pimiento plans to look at climate data and information on other species to tease that out.
or with their prey and their competitors that made the species become large Pimiento said.
and beans supplementing these crops by hunting game and collecting wild plants. In the time after they moved into the center of Mesa verde they developed pottery and the bow and arrow.
For example chocolate coyote tomato and avocado all originated in Nahuatl. Religions of Mexico Close to 90 percent of Mexicans identify themselves as Catholic
The diet of working class Mexicans includes staples such as corn or wheat tortillas along with beans rice tomatoes chili peppers and chorizo a type of pork sausage.
a vegetable garden a grass lawn an area where pine trees are growing well a creek or river bank a field growing commercial crops such as wheat soybeans or corn.
if the soil is very acidic or alkaline. 3. Use a cabbage juice indicator. Prepare your indicator solution by chopping a red cabbage into very fine pieces.
Use about five cabbage leaves per three cups of distilled water. Boil the chopped cabbage in the water for ten minutes.
You might want to do this outside as the boiled cabbage smell is quite strong! Strain out the cabbage and you should be left with a bright purple liquid that you can use as a ph indicator.
Place 3 tablespoons of each soil sample in a separate clear glass container. Pour 100 milliliters (ml) of hot cabbage juice indicator over each sample
and let them sit undisturbed for 30 minutes. Compare the color of the cabbage juice indicator in each container.
Soils with a nearly neutral ph will have little color change. If the solution is light blue the soil is slightly alkaline darker blues shading to green represent higher ph values.
If the solution is a light pink the soil is slightly acidic darker pink colors indicate lower ph values.
Remember the ph scale is based on a value of 7 representing neutral that means neither acidic nor basic.
They trained captive monkeys to hand them an object in exchange for a cucumber slice or the preferable grape.
while it was given a cucumber it would refuse the reward or even throw the cucumber at the researcher.
#Most Ancient Romans Ate Like Animals Ancient Romans are known for eating well with mosaics from the empire portraying sumptuous displays of fruits vegetables cakes and of course wine.
The wealthy could afford exotic fruits and vegetables as well as shellfish and snails. A formal feast involved multiple dishes eaten from a reclined position
and vegetables is going to feel better. Before you switch to a gluten-free diet you should be evaluated by your family physician
and vegetables Mangieri said. Lean meat and low-fat dairy products such as yogurt are also good for a gluten-free diet Tallmadge said.
and vegetables is going to feel better. Before you switch to a gluten-free diet you should be evaluated by your family physician
and vegetables Mangieri said. Lean meat and low-fat dairy products such as yogurt are also good for a gluten-free diet Tallmadge said.
#Mystery of Irish potato Famine Solved The irish potato famine that caused mass starvation and approximately 1 million deaths in the mid-19th century was triggered by a newly identified strain of potato blight that has been christened HERB-1 according to a new study.
An international team of molecular biologists studied the historical spread of Phytophthora infestans a funguslike organism that devastated potato crops and led to the famine in Ireland.
Fascinating Fungi Previously a Phytophthora strain called US-1 was thought to have triggered the potato famine
DNA detectives The researchers studied 11 historic samples from potato leaves that were collected about 150 years ago in Ireland the United kingdom Europe and North america.
In fact the DNA quality was so good the researchers were able to sequence the entire genome of Phytophthora infestans and its host the potato within just a few weeks.
By the summer of 1845 the HERB-1 strain had arrived at European ports and the potato disease spread throughout Ireland and the United kingdom causing The irish potato famine.
In the 20th century as new varieties of potatoes were introduced the HERB-1 strain was replaced eventually by the US-1 Phytophthora strain the researchers said.
when the first resistant potato varieties were bred at the beginning of the 20th century lead author Kentaro Yoshida a researcher at The Sainsbury Laboratory in the United kingdom said in a statement.
Taking up the fight against bed bugs research scientists have looked to old European folk practice kidney bean leaves.
Traditionally in Bulgaria Serbia and other southeast European countries households with infestations of bed bugs have thwarted the evasive little bloodsuckers by strewing kidney bean leaves on the floor at night.
After tipping the bugs out of vials onto the underside of kidney bean leaves the scientists found that tiny sharp-edged hairs known as trichomes actually impaled the bugs'feet.
When you put a bed bug on a bean leaf and it takes a few steps and this actually happens fairly rapidly I was astonished rather...
As yet we have not been able to replicate all of the necessary mechanical properties of the microscopic bean leaf trichomes in our synthetic surfaces Loudon said.
#New world's Oldest Tomatillo Discovered A fossilized tomatillo still in its papery shell is the earliest fruit from the tomato family ever found in South america researchers reported Oct 30 at the Geological Society of America's annual
 The 52.2-million-year-old tomatillo was discovered at the fossil-rich Laguna del Hunco Argentina where ancient lakebeds interlayer with volcanic ashes providing paleontologists with precisely dated discoveries.
Both the fossil tomatillo and today's plants have husks with five major and five minor ribs he added.
Tomatillos are members of the Solanaceae (nightshade) family which includes tomatoes potatoes and eggplants. Both fossil and genetic evidence suggests that Solanaceae plants originated
and diversified in South america. But until now only fossil seeds attributed to Solanaceae plants have been discovered in South america most of the family's early fossil history comes from Europe.
The earliest South american tomato fossil larger than a seed is about 16 million years old.
Gallery of Fantastic Fossils This is the first fossil anybody has seen ever of the entire tomato-potato-eggplant family Wilf said.
The discovery also pushes back the evolutionary history of the tomato family. Scientists sequenced the tomato genome in May 2012.
The tomato family molecular clock based on the genetic data and fossil evidence suggests the tomato genome expanded abruptly about 60 million years ago.
A molecular clock estimates when species diverged in the past. Now thanks to the tomatillo find the Solanaceae molecular clock is too young Wilf said.
During his talk he listed 11 fossils from Laguna del Hunco such as cycads trees and the tomatillo that show their molecular clocks are too young.
Almost all of the molecular ages are younger than the fossils Wilf said. Wilf also reported two more striking fossils:
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