It's known that disease-causing fungi build a structure to break through the plant cell wall
and other stresses that require different coping strategies on the part of the plant Pei said.
Researchers from the Bavarian Health and Food safety Authority and the Wuerzburg University note that the demand for organic food is growing at a rapid clip.
#Patent issued for research related to alleviating pain in cattlea U s. patent was awarded recently for technology created by researchers at Kansas State university that improves the health
The patent is conducted for research while at Kansas State university by former faculty member Hans Coetzee now a professor of clinical pharmacology at Iowa State university and Butch Kukanich associate professor of anatomy and physiology at Kansas State university.
and reduced the incidence of bovine respiratory disease after castration. Once meloxicam was administered orally to beef cattle prior to these common procedures the cattle gained more weight
and had slower incidence of bovine respiratory disease because it allowed them to be more comfortable
A significant benefit of this patented technology is that it reduces reliance on antibiotics to treat
and control diseases in cattle. This reduces the risk of antibiotic resistance selection and has positive implications for both human and animal health.
The patent is available to license. Currently the Kansas State university Research Foundation has been awarded four patents in 2014 for inventions by university researchers.
#Fighting prostate cancer with tomato-rich dietmen who eat over 10 portions a week of tomatoes have an 18 per cent lower risk of developing prostate cancer new research suggests.
With 35000 new cases every year in the UK and around 10000 deaths prostate cancer is the second most common cancer in men worldwide.
and lifestyle recommendations reduces risk of prostate cancer researchers at the Universities of Bristol Cambridge
and lifestyle of 1806 men aged between 50 and 69 with prostate cancer and compared with 12005 cancer-free men.
The NIHR-funded study published in the medical journal Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers and Prevention is the first study of its kind to develop a prostate cancer'dietary index
'which consists of dietary components--selenium calcium and foods rich in lycopene--that have been linked to prostate cancer.
Men who had optimal intake of these three dietary components had a lower risk of prostate cancer.
Tomatoes and its products--such as tomato juice and baked beans--were shown to be most beneficial with an 18 per cent reduction in risk found in men eating over 10 portions a week.
which fights off toxins that can cause DNA and cell damage. Vanessa Er from the School of Social and Community Medicine at the University of Bristol and Bristol Nutrition BRU led the research.
She said: Our findings suggest that tomatoes may be important in prostate cancer prevention. However further studies need to be conducted to confirm our findings especially through human trials.
Men should still eat a wide variety of fruits and vegetables maintain a healthy weight and stay active.
and body weight for cancer prevention published by the World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF) and the American Institute for Cancer Research (AICR).
Only the recommendation on plant foods--high intake of fruits vegetables and dietary fibre--was found to be associated with a reduced risk of prostate cancer.
As these recommendations are targeted not at prostate cancer prevention researchers concluded that adhering to these recommendations is not sufficient
and maple trees in warmer urban areas which raises the possibility that these pests may also increase with global warming says Dr. Elsa Youngsteadt a research associate at NC State
Co-authors include Adam Dale Dr. Rob Dunn and Dr. Steve Frank of NC State and Dr. Adam Terando of the U s. Geological Survey and NC State.
and fake tanning lotions. The secret to a sexy healthy glow lies in eating your five-a-day reveals new breakthrough research from Taylor & francis. A new and innovative study recently published in The Quarterly Journal of Experimental psychology sheds new light on the importance
What's more it clearly exposes the importance of carotenoid coloration as a cue to current health
It allows improvements in piglet health and welfare without loss of production. Sows don't usually start their oestrous cycles again during lactation only coming on heat after their piglets have been weaned says Ms Alice Weaver Phd candidate with the School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences.
Unfortunately piglets weaned early often don't thrive with reduced growth and diarrhea common. Ms Weaver's study investigated
Her project was under the supervision of Dr Will van Wettere who leads a number of research projects in improving pig fertility and life expectancy of piglets.
NERC fellow Dr Andrew King of Swansea University fitted a flock of sheep and a sheepdog with backpacks containing extremely accurate GPS devices designed by colleagues at the Royal Veterinary College London.
and ecological studies published elsewhere by the author of this revision Dr Peter J. de Lange.
#New gluten-free ingredient may cause allergic reaction, expert warnsa popular new ingredient in gluten-free products could be causing an allergic reaction according to a Kansas State university food safety specialist.
Lupin a legume belonging to the same plant family as peanuts is showing up as a wheat replacement in an increasing number of gluten-free products.
The U s. Food and Drug Administration is now issuing an alert urging consumers with peanut
and soybean allergies to read labels before buying these products. Lupin is colored a yellow bean that's very popular in Europe Mediterranean countries Australia
and may not realize that lupin has the same protein that causes allergic reactions to peanuts and soybeans.
Allergic reactions can have various symptoms including hives swelling of the lips vomiting breathing difficulties and anaphylactic shock.
Even those without allergies to legume products need to be aware of the ingredient. You can become allergic to something at any point in your life Blakeslee said.
If you do start seeing any symptoms of an allergic reaction stop eating the food immediately
and contact your doctor. The FDA expects lupin to become a popular product in the gluten-free arena because of its many health qualities.
It is high in protein and in dietary fiber --which helps lower cholesterol --and is low in fat.
Manufacturers are required to list lupin on the food label. The FDA is actively monitoring complaints of lupin allergies by U s. consumers.
Story Source: The above story is provided based on materials by Kansas State university. The original article was written by Lindsey Elliott.
The association also calls for strong new regulations to prevent access sales and marketing of e-cigarettes to youth and for more research into the product's health impact.
We are committed fiercely to preventing the tobacco industry from addicting another generation of smokers said Nancy Brown CEO of the American Heart Association.
and chair of cardiovascular medicine at the University of Louisville. It's critical that we rigorously examine the long-term impact of this new technology on public health cardiovascular disease and stroke and pay careful attention to the effect of e-cigarettes on adolescents.
The policy statement recommends a federal ban on e-cigarettes for minors and details concerns that these products may be another entry point for nicotine addiction among young people.
The authors cite one JAMA Pediatrics study of 40000 middle and high school students that indicated adolescents consider e-cigarettes as high-tech accessible and convenient especially in places where smoking cigarettes is allowed not.
Echoing its recent comment letter on the Food and Drug Administration's proposed tobacco oversight rule the association recommends strict laws that curb the intense marketing
and advertising of e-cigarettes and ban flavorings in these products. Ads using celebrities and alluring flavors make the products more appealing to children and adolescents.
A recent Pediatrics study cited youth exposure to e-cigarettes advertising skyrocketed over 250 percent from 2011 to 2013 effectively reaching 24 million young people.
We fear that any additional delay of these new regulations will have real continuing public health consequences.
While the toxic substances in e-cigarettes are lower than those in cigarette smoke nonsmokers could be exposed involuntarily to nicotine in any confined space where e-cigarettes are used Unregulated e-cigarettes could potentially turn back the clock to the days
The association will continue to encourage clinicians to use proven smoking-cessation strategies as the first line of treatment for any patient.
or by a patient who wants to utilize e-cigarettes to help them quit clinicians should not discourage their use by the patient.
However the statement stresses that clinicians be educated so they can inform patients that e-cigarettes are unregulated may contain low levels of toxic chemicals
Finally in the new statement the association calls for comprehensive and continuous research on e-cigarettes'use their characteristics their marketing and their long-term health effects on individual users the environment and public health.
or some other tobacco product said association President Elliott Antman M d. Every life that has been lost to tobacco addiction could have been prevented.
The second group of dogs was sprayed with a placebo that made the startling spritz noise.
Honeybees face threats from disease climate change and management practices. To combat these threats it is important to understand the evolutionary history of honeybees
The findings may also indicate that high levels of inbreeding are not a major cause of global colony losses says Matthew Webster researcher at the department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology Uppsala University.
and pathogens including those involved in morphology behaviour and innate immunity. The study provides new insights into evolution
and genetic adaptation and establishes a framework for investigating the biological mechanisms behind disease resistance
#It does need not always to be antibiotics: healthy pig breedingscientists found a way to reduce the application of antibiotics in pig breeding by using antimicrobial peptides.
The results of the study have just been published in the scientific online-journal PLOS ONE.
Researchers investigated the application of antimicrobial peptides (AMP) as substitutes for antibiotics in liquid sperm preservation.
Then they showed that two of the investigated AMPS suppressed bacterial growth in liquid preserved semen preparations if combined with a small amount of the antibiotic gentamicin.
which can lead to an increasing resistance against antibiotics. This causes big problems for breeders when using artificial insemination the method most commonly used in assisted reproductive technology in pig production worldwide.
The addition of antibiotics to liquid semen is required by law and facilitates an inhibition of bacterial growth.
However many types of bacteria quickly develop resistances to the usually applied antibiotics. Hence it is important to look for new antimicrobial alternatives.
Scientists from the German Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research (IZW) investigated the effect of antimicrobial peptides in cooperation with the Leibniz Institute of Molecular Pharmacology (FMP) and the Institute for Reproduction of Farm animals
Schoenow e. V. IFN. These molecules are naturally occurring amino acid compounds are toxic for bacteria
and can be found in nearly all organisms as a first defence against germs. For this study synthetic cationic antimicrobial peptides were produced.
Antimicrobial peptides do not offer a complete alternative for traditional antibiotics in liquid sperm preservation
but allow a substantial reduction in their concentration explains Dr Karin MÃ ller from the IZW.
This is a benefit for people as well as the occurrence of resistance will be reduced if fewer antibiotics are used.
Additional application possibilities are conceivable outlines Dr Margitta Dathe from the FMP. Antimicrobial peptides could be used for the preservation of other cells as well.
Furthermore special AMPS for the treatment of superficial infections could be developed. Story Source: The above story is provided based on materials by Forschungsverbund Berlin e. V. FVB.
Note: Materials may be edited for content and length. Journal References c
#Creating pomegranate drug to stem Alzheimers, Parkinsonsdr Olumayokun Olajide's research will look to produce compound derivatives of punicalagin for a drug that would treat neuro-inflammation
and slow down the progression of Alzheimer's diseasethe onset of Alzheimer's disease can be slowed and some of its symptoms curbed by a natural compound that is found in pomegranate.
Also the painful inflammation that accompanies illnesses such as rheumatoid arthritis and Parkinson's disease could be reduced according to the findings of a two-year project headed by University of Huddersfield scientist Dr Olumayokun Olajide who specialises in the anti-inflammatory properties of natural products.
Now a new phase of research can explore the development of drugs that will stem the development of dementias such as Alzheimer's
which affects some 800000 people in the UK with 163000 new cases a year being diagnosed.
Globally there are at least 44.4 million dementia sufferers with the numbers expected to soar. The key breakthrough by Dr Olajide and his co-researchers is to demonstrate that punicalagin which is a polyphenol--a form of chemical compound--found in pomegranate fruit can inhibit inflammation in specialised brain cells known as micrologia.
This inflammation leads to the destruction of more and more brain cells making the condition of Alzheimer's sufferers progressively worse.
There is still no cure for the disease but the punicalagin in pomegranate could prevent it
or slow down its development. Dr Olajide worked with co-researchers--including four Phd students--in the University of Huddersfield's Department of Pharmacy and with scientists at the University of Freiburg in Germany.
The team used brain cells isolated from rats in order to test their findings. Now the research is published in the latest edition of the journal Molecular Nutrition
& Food Research and Dr Olajide will start to disseminate his findings at academic conferences.
He is still working on the amounts of pomegranate that are required in order to be effective. But we do know that regular intake
and regular consumption of pomegranate has a lot of health benefits--including prevention of neuro-inflammation related to dementia he says recommending juice products that are 100 per cent pomegranate meaning that approximately 3. 4 per cent will be punicalagin the compound
that slows down the progression of dementia. Dr Olajide states that most of the antioxidant compounds are found in the outer skin of the pomegranate not in the soft part of the fruit.
And he adds that although this has yet to be evaluated scientifically pomegranate will be useful in any condition for
which inflammation--not just neuro-inflammation--is a factor such as rheumatoid arthritis Parkinson's and cancer. The research continues
and now Dr Olajide is collaborating with his University of Huddersfield colleague the organic chemist Dr Karl Hemming.
They will attempt to produce compound derivatives of punicalagin that could the basis of new orally administered drugs that would treat neuro-inflammation.
Dr Olajide has been a Senior Lecturer at the University of Huddersfield for four years. His academic career includes a post as a Humboldt Postdoctoral Research Fellow at the Centre for Drug Research at the University of Munich.
His Phd was awarded from the University of Ibadan in his native Nigeria after an investigation of the anti-inflammatory properties of natural products.
He attributes this area of research to his upbringing. African mothers normally treat sick children with natural substances such as herbs.
My mum certainly used a lot of those substances. And then I went on to study pharmacology!
Story Source: The above story is provided based on materials by University of Huddersfield. Note: Materials may be edited for content and length.
Journal Reference e
#Fungus deadly to AIDS patients found to grow on treesresearchers have pinpointed the environmental source of fungal infections that have been sickening HIV/AIDS patients in Southern California for decades.
It literally grows on trees. The discovery is based on the science project of a 13-year-old girl who spent the summer gathering soil
and tree samples from areas around Los angeles hardest hit by infections of the fungus named Cryptococcus gattii (CRIP-to-cock-us GAT-ee-eye).
Cryptococcus which encompasses a number of species including C. gattii causes life-threatening infections of the lungs
and brain and is responsible for one third of all AIDS-related deaths. The study which appears Aug 21 in PLOS Pathogens found strong genetic evidence that three tree species--Canary Island pine Pohutukawa
and American sweetgum--can serve as environmental hosts and sources of these human infections. Just as people who travel to South america are told to be careful about drinking the water people who visit other areas like California the Pacific Northwest
and Oregon need to be aware that they are at risk for developing a fungal infection especially
if their immune system is compromised said Deborah J. Springer Ph d. lead study author and postdoctoral fellow in the Center for Microbial Pathogenesis at Duke university School of medicine.
and UCLA infectious disease specialist Scott Filler M d. whose daughter Elan was looking for a project to work on during her summer break.
and compared the sequences to those obtained from HIV/AIDS patients with C. gattii infections.
because this fungal pathogen will be able to grow reproduce disperse spores and serve as a source of ongoing infections Springer said.
Story Source: The above story is provided based on materials by Duke university. Note: Materials may be edited for content and length.
#Why major cow milk allergen is actually allergeniccow milk allergy occurs in children and in adults.
Scientists at Messerli Research Institute at the Vetmeduni Vienna the Medical University of Vienna and the University of Vienna investigated
A specific protein in milk known as beta-lactoglobulin is able to initiate an allergy only when being devoid of iron.
The scientists discovered the same mechanism recently with regard to birch pollen allergy. Their findings help to decipher allergic reactions
and were published in the journal PLOS ONE. Milk allergy is confused frequently with lactose intolerance. However these are two entirely different mechanisms that occur in the body.
People with lactose intolerance do not digest lactose properly because they lack an enzyme known as lactase.
In the case of the potentially much more dangerous cow milk allergy however the body's immune system attacks milk proteins with its own Ige antibodies.
According to statistics about two to three percent of children in Europe suffer from a genuine milk allergy.
Less adults are diagnosed with the disease. The formation of so-called Th2 lymphocytes is initiated in these patients.
Th2 lymphocytes contribute in great measure to the production of Ige antibodies to milk proteins. Hence people develop an allergic reaction to milk.
Such an allergy may cause swelling of the mouth and mucous membranes diarrhea exacerbation of neurodermitis and in rare cases even an allergic shock.
Precise diagnostic investigation helps to differentiate between allergy and intolerance and thus avoid incorrect diets which under certain circumstances may cause malnutrition.
Lack of iron load transforms milk protein into allergenone of the most important milk allergens the so-called beta-lactoglobulin belongs to the protein family of lipocalins.
Lipocalins possess molecular pockets which are able to accommodate iron complexes. Iron is bound to the protein by so-called siderophores.
The first author Franziska Roth-Walter and her colleagues now show that an empty milk protein one without iron
As a consequence the production of Ige antibodies against the milk protein is stimulated. The patient gets sensitized
and may develop an allergic reaction to milk. Roth-Walter working at the department of Comparative Medicine at the Messerli Research Institute says:
Knowledge of the molecular structure of allergens has contributed very significantly to our conclusion about milk allergy.
This is of enormous practical relevance. Investigating the difference between organic and conventional milkas the next step the scientists want to find out what contributes to the iron load of milk proteins.
The lead investigator Erika Jensen-Jarolim explains: One of the most burning questions we want to answer is:
An article published on August 21st in PLOS Pathogens examines the viral landscape in honeybee colonies in New zealand after the recent arrival of the parasitic Varroa destructor mite.
Varroa is thought to be one of the main stressors that reduce bee fitness. As they feed on the blood of pupae
Uncontrolled Varroa infestation can thereby cause an accelerating virus epidemic and so kill a bee colony within two to three years.
The researchers say that the results of their study strengthen the idea that the multiple virus infestations in honeybees interact to create a dynamic and turbulent pathological landscape
New algorithm lets drones monitor their own health during long package-delivery missionsin the near future the package that you ordered online may be deposited at your doorstep by a drone:
The team first developed an algorithm that enables a drone to monitor aspects of its health in real time.
In simulations involving multiple deliveries under various environmental conditions the researchers found that their drones delivered as many packages as those that lacked health-monitoring algorithms--but with far fewer failures or breakdowns.
which needs to be done persistently over hours you need to take into account the health of the system says Ali-akbar Agha-mohammadi a postdoc in MIT's Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics.
and mission-level or health planning such as the condition of a vehicle's propellers cameras and fuel levels.
In this regard he and his colleagues used POMDP to generate a tree of possible health outcomes including fuel levels and the status of sensors and propellers.
They found that drones operating under the two-pronged approach were more proactive in preserving their health rerouting to a recharge station midmission to keep from running out of fuel.
just as many packages as those that were programmed to simply make deliveries without considering health. Going forward the team plans to test the route-planning approach in actual experiments.
while preserving health Agha-mohammadi says. Not only the drone but the package might be important
This is especially useful in controlled dietary intervention studies investigating the health benefits of specific diets.
which is biased often making it more difficult to assess the real health benefits. In the recently published study authored by Dr Matti Marklund
and coworkers the researchers were able to identify the study participants with the greatest apparent compliance to a healthy Nordic diet by testing for a set of diet-related biomarkers in the blood.
when investigating the health effects of whole diets it's useful to measure multiple biomarkers reflecting the intake of different components of the diet.
Athanassia Athanassiou Ilker S. Bayer and colleagues at the Italian Institute of technology point out that plastic's popularity is constantly growing.
or thousands of years while releasing toxic components with the potential to harm the environment and human health.
and free medication resulted in higher sustained smoking cessation rates at six months than standard postdischarge advice to use smoking cessation medication and counseling according to a study in the August 20 issue
because all hospitals are now smoke-free requiring patients to abstain temporarily from tobacco use. The major challenge for hospitals in providing evidenceâ based care is identifying how to sustain tobacco treatment after discharge according to background information in the article.
Nancy A. Rigotti M d. of Massachusetts General Hospital Boston and colleagues randomly assigned 397 hospitalized daily smokers (average age 53 years) who wanted to quit smoking after discharge to sustained or standard tobacco
treatment care. Sustained care participants (n=198) received automated interactive voice response telephone calls and their choice of free smoking cessation medication (any type approved by the U s. Food and Drug
Administration) for up to 90 days. The automated telephone calls promoted cessation provided medication management and triaged smokers for additional counseling.
Standard care participants (n=199) received recommendations for postdischarge pharmacotherapy and counseling. The researchers found that more participants in the sustained care group than in the standard care group achieved the primary outcome of biochemically confirmed past 7-day tobacco abstinence (using saliva samples to measure a nicotine metabolite) at 6-month follow-up
This trial demonstrated the effectiveness of a program to promote long-term tobacco cessation among hospitalized cigarette smokers who received an inpatient tobacco dependence intervention
The intervention aimed to sustain the tobacco cessation treatment that had begun in the hospital. It succeeded in improving the use of both counseling
and it increased by 71 percent the proportion of patients with biochemically confirmed tobacco abstinence 6 months after discharge
The above story is provided based on materials by JAMA-Journal of the American Medical Association. Note:
Our data has become the most sensitive barometer of change during this poaching epidemic. We needed to quantify the scale of killing
#Wildland fire modeling can lead to better predictionsif we can better understand scientifically how wildland fires behave we'll have a better chance to accurately predict the spatial and temporal evolution of high intensity wildfires says Dr. Shankar Mahalingam dean of the UAH College of Engineering
Dr. Mahalingam is studying how wildland fire propagates in an effort to be able to more accurately model such fires via physically based computational models.
and homes says Dr. Mahalingam. High confidence in the reliability of fire prediction is lacking today even as Western drought
That currently is about the range of prediction ability that we have with operational fire behavior models for low intensity fires Dr. Mahalingam says.
and managers who have fought blazes for years Dr. Mahalingam says. With funding from the U s. Department of agriculture's U s. Forest Service Division Dr. Mahalingam and his collaborator UAH Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering faculty member Dr. Babak Shotorban are currently supervising four doctoral
students in the MAE department to do the kind of basic forest fire combustion research that can move our predictive ability from the experiential realm to scientific mathematical models and longer-range computational predictions.
In 1998 his previous fundamental work in turbulent combustion at the University of Colorado at Boulder led Dr. Mahalingam to do NSF-sponsored field research in Alaska comparing the properties of prescribed permafrost
The process begins with pyrolysis the thermochemical decomposition of organic material at elevated temperature Dr. Mahalingam says.
or small tree that are prevalent in southern California have been the focus of Dr. Mahalingam's research:
Dr. Mahalingam studied that more closely in association with the U s. Forest Service while at the University of California Riverside.
and the other is moisture Dr. Mahalingam says. California's seasonal combination of Santa anna winds and rising temperatures both serve to dry the fuel for combustion and drive the fire's process once underway.
I call a fire transition phenomena Dr. Mahalingam says. Fire is losing heat through radiative
and started collaborating with Dr. Shotorban. Currently under study is the effect of shrubs as undergrowth in wildland fires
We light the shrub then figure out how much time it takes to burn out Dr. Mahalingam says.
Dr. Mahalingam asks. We are interested in how the fire spreads from shrub to shrub what the interaction is and at what spacing and
Meeting Salt lake city UT May 19-22 2013) All of this scientific effort is being driven by Dr. Mahalingam's quest for reliable scientific computerized fire prediction.
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