The finding has major global health implications as nearly 2 billion people around the world receive 70 percent or more of their dietary zinc and iron from these types of crops.#
#oezinc deficiency can cause child mortality from infectious diseases because the immune system is not functioning properly
and reductions in IQ and work productivity and increased mortality from infectious diseases#said the study's first author Samuel Myers a researcher at the Harvard School of Public health in Boston.
Howard Frumkin dean and professor of environmental and occupational health sciences at the University of Washington in Seattle said the new study provides the strongest evidence to date that climate change could threaten the nutritional value of foods
If people consumed more food to make up for the drop in nutrients there could be other health consequences including increased obesity Myers posited.
and iron varied substantially across different rice strains. David Wolfe a plant and soil ecologist at Cornell University in Ithaca New york said that
NRDC analysis shows that strong carbon limits would yield up to $60 billion in health and environmental benefits by 2020.
Into this river 66 tons of human feces and 250000 gallons of urine were discharged every day from Rosario where typhoid was common.
Making an initial diagnosis is not easy; it usually starts with a high fever which can have many causes.
In Aberdeen the first definitive diagnoses were made on May 20. By midnight 12 were in hospital
and until June 13 daily hospitalisations never fell below double figures. The outbreak then fizzled out.
At its end 503 had been admitted to hospital with typhoid 403 with bacteriological confirmation. Among those affected there was a significant over-representation of women aged 15 to 25 living in the more prosperous west end of the city.
The probable explanation is that a slimming regime incorporating cold meats and salad was popular at the time.
Nobody died from typhoid in the outbreak thanks to antibiotics so in that regard it was modern.
The names and addresses of those admitted to hospital were published in the local paper and the end of the outbreak was announced as the all clear#.
#Dr Ian Macqueen then Aberdeen medical officer of health took control of the outbreak. Opinion in Aberdeen is divided still about how he handled it.
Macqueen believed that dramatic statements of risk were necessary to prevent the spread of infection.
There was an obsession with wave after wave of infections#occurring because of poor personal hygiene. In truth this was always very improbable.
All the infections were caused by eating contaminated corned beef or cold meats cut with the same slicer.
because the source of infection was still active but because the incubation period the time between being infected
Typhoid is still common in countries whose drinking water is contaminated regularly with human feces the 2004/2005 outbreak in Kinshasa affected 42564
H4 a brand-new bacterium that had evolved as a hybrid of two other disease-causing E coli strains.
More than 3500 fell ill 855 developed serious complications and 53 died. Just as in Aberdeen the organism was imported.
That women were more commonly ill pointed to salads but photographs taken at meals were invaluable.
It was all very embarrassing for the German public health authorities particularly when the Hamburg health minister mistakenly announced that the organism that had caused the outbreak had been found on Spanish cucumbers causing serous economic damage to that industry.
Shades of Dr Macqueen! This mistake illustrated the limits of modern lab technology. We might now be in a position where we could genome sequence E coli 0104:
H4 quickly but because it was a new strain the authorities initially confused it for the more prevalent E coli 0157:
H7. When they found this latter bug on the cucumbers they thought they had found the culprit.
The worldwide adoption of the hazard analysis critical control points system HACCP originally developed by NASA to protect astronauts from food poisoning makes it less likely that the world food supply could lead to a major epidemic
albeit not dysentry spreading from person-to-person or tuberculosis in milk). The Ministry of Health for England and Wales recorded 59 food poisoning incidents during the years 1931-1935 compared to more than 73000 in 2012 itself a gross underestimate
because most people with food poisoning don t seek medical advice. The number of sufferers from the UK s number one cause campylobacter has been estimated convincingly at 500000 people each year.
To some extent this is down to better diagnosis but probably not entirely. The realities of 21st century mass production of cheap meat are likely to have driven up infection for example.
Above all else the big lesson from Germany was that a major outbreak could still take us completely by surprise.
With microbes evolving as they do we can be certain it will happen again. Hugh Pennington does not work for consult to own shares in
or receive funding from any company or organisation that would benefit from this article and has no relevant affiliations.
#'Better'Burgers Worse for Health, No Better for Climate (Op-Ed) Elliott Negin is the director of news and commentary at the Union of Concerned Scientists (UCS.
when it comes to your health or the health of the planet? The short answer is no.
since the mid-1970s largely due to rising beef prices and a greater awareness of the health risks associated with consuming red meat.
After all it's been linked to a host of potentially life-threatening problems including coronary heart disease and breast colon and prostate cancer.
Jayne Hurley a registered dietician at the Center for Science in the Public interest (CSPI) cringes
It's full of saturated fat it's high in calories it increases the risk of colon cancer
and heart disease and then there's the threat of E coli. We don't recommend eating it. Grass-fed marginally better than grain-fed According to a 2013 Technomic survey a significant percentage of Americans are looking for healthy menu options
all natural no hormones fillers or antibiotics and most importantly they run free in the fields.
No hormones or antibiotics ever. Elevation Burger goes even further promising 100-percent USDA-certified organic grass-fed free-range beef.
Hormones and antibiotics aside the biggest distinction when quantifying beef's marginal benefits to human health
so producers routinely feed them antibiotics which also serve to accelerate growth. After they are weaned from their mothers
which are better for cardiovascular health. It also has lower levels of dietary cholesterol and provides more Vitamin a
and E as well as cancer-fighting antioxidants Not many better-burger chains offer grass-fed beef however because there's not a lot of it around making it more expensive
Free-range grass-fed cattle may be slightly better for your health than those that are grain-finished at feedlots
Americans would protect their health and the climate if they replaced beef with poultry or pork or ate less meat altogether.
This article was adapted from'Better'Burgers Worse for Your Health No Better for the Climate
Health Benefits, Risks & Nutrition Facts Watermelons are mostly water about 92 percent but this refreshing fruit is soaked with nutrients.
Lycopene has been linked with heart health bone health and prostate cancer prevention. It's also a powerful antioxidant thought to have anti-inflammatory properties according to Victoria Jarzabkowski a nutritionist with the Fitness Institute of Texas at The University of Texas at Austin.
To really maximize your lycopene intake let your watermelon fully ripen. The redder your watermelon gets the higher the concentration of lycopene becomes.
These amino acids promote blood flow leading to cardiovascular health improved circulation and according to research at Texas A&m University erectile dysfunction improvement (you'd probably have to eat a lot of the fruit to get a Viagra-like effect though).
Here are the nutrition facts for the watermelon according to the U s. Food and Drug Administration
which regulates food labeling through the National Labeling and Education Act: Nutrition Facts Serving size:
Heart health Watermelon's high levels of lycopene are very effective at protecting cells from damage
and may help lower the risk of heart disease according to a study at Purdue University. Also the fruit's concentrations of citrulline and arginine are good for your heart.
A study published in the American Journal of Hypertension found that watermelon extracts helped reduce hypertension and lower blood pressure in obese adults.
Anti-inflammatory properties The lycopene in watermelon makes it an anti-inflammatory fruit Jarzabkowski said. Lycopene is an inhibitor for various inflammatory processes
which helps keep chronic inflammation down according to a 2006 article published in Shock medical journal.
Reducing inflammation isn't just good for people suffering from arthritis. When you're sick you have cellular damage
which can be caused by a variety of factors including stress smoking pollution disease and your body becomes inflamed Jarzabkowski said.
'In this way anti-inflammatory foods can help with overall immunity and general health. Hydration Watermelons are the perfect example of a food that can help you stay hydrated said Jarzabkowski.
and it also encourages healthy growth of new collagen and elastin cells according to the Cleveland Clinic.
Cancer prevention Like other fruits and vegetables watermelons may be helpful in reducing the risk of cancer through their antioxidant properties.
Lycopene in particular has been linked to reducing prostate cancer cell proliferation according to the National Cancer Institute. If eaten in reasonable amounts watermelons should produce no serious side effects.
The consumption of more than 30 mg of lycopene daily could potentially cause nausea diarrhea indigestion
and bloating according to the American Cancer Society. People with serious hyperkalemia or too much potassium in their blood should probably not consume more than about one cup of watermelon a day which has less than 140 mg of potassium.
According to the National institutes of health hyperkalemia can result in irregular heartbeats and other cardiovascular problems as well as reduced muscle control.
poor self-esteem from difficulties with weight management diabetes hypertension difficulty focusing and much more. The cause I decided was very personal this was a problem for individuals to fix.
The lack of health knowledge driven by social pressures and limited accessibility to information was at the root of the problem.
I majored in nutrition science during my undergrad years at the University of California Davis. Through my studies I learned about diet food regulations food toxicology metabolic pathways and nutrition standards but
If you take a painkiller to alleviate the headache that may come with dehydration this might leave you with a clearer mind to figure out what ails you
and rehydrate yourself your headache will come back and you may suffer even more dire symptoms. Ameliorating a symptom is helpful
and environmental conservation and improve community health in an economically viable way. This is my 2014 mantra:
Op-Ed) Katherine Tallmadge M. A r. D. is registered a dietitian noted motivational and wellness speaker author of Diet Simple:
Is it true that a chocolate a day will keep the doctor away? That's what many chocolate companies would like you to believe in their Valentine's day advertisements.
While studies have shown that cocoa provides many positive health effects the chocolates you buy from your local stores may not impart those benefits.
In fact its early uses dating back 3000 years were mainly medicinal. Treatments have included curing fatigue angina constipation dental problems (tartar removal) dysentery gout an overheated heart skin eruptions fevers and seizures.
The Dawn of Chocolate Discovered A rich history One doctor in the 1500s found cacao made people extraordinarily fat
if used frequently and so it was prescribed for the thin and weak according to an article in The Journal of Nutrition.
and flavor with its health-giving properties largely forgotten by the civilized world until recently.
In 1997 Harvard professor Norman Hollenberg published a landmark epidemiological study focused on cocoa. He found that high blood pressure was a rarity among Panama's Kuna Indians who also didn't experience the otherwise typical age-related blood-pressure increases prevalent in other cultures.
He at first attributed it to genetic protection. But when Kunas migrated to Panama city their blood pressure increased pointing to an environmental cause.
if high in flavanols the beneficial plant compounds scientists believe impart most of cocoa's benefits relaxes the blood vessels an important protection against hypertension and heart disease.
Through their research and others scientists have made many interesting discoveries about cocoa's health benefits.
The flavanols in cocoa help people maintain a healthy vascular system relax blood vessels reduce blood clotting (an aspirin-like affect) reduce oxidative damage
A study in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition found cocoa also reduces inflammation. All of which reduces heart disease risk.
There has been some suggestion that flavanols can be used to treat vascular diseases like dementia preeclampsia in pregnant women and anything related to blood flow.
Emerging research is looking into cancer affects as well. But what about that chocolate bar in your vending machine?
Are there any health benefits there? The answer: probably not many. Most research about chocolate's health benefits have used unsweetened cocoa or specially formulated high-flavanol chocolate.
Unfortunately these compounds are rarely in the chocolate we eat in 21st-century America. Flavanols impart a bitter taste
so they've been removed from most commercial products to improve their flavor. Most of the flavanols are in the cocoa beans
Since flavanols and their health benefits are a new discovery chocolate companies are just beginning to see
Katherine's Chocolate for Health Tips: If you're eating chocolate for health benefits you'll need to be very discriminating in your selections.
First you'll get more flavanols and therefore health benefits with less processing. The first choice is cocoa
which isn't Dutch processed. When cocoa is processed Dutch with alkali the flavanols are reduced. Second look for chocolate
Tallmadge's most recent Op-Ed was 7 Simple Steps for a Post-Holiday Health Detox
The clearing of those forests not only harms the habitat of many endangered species it releases huge amounts of carbon into the atmosphere that those forests had stored formerly.
#Medicine Men, Machetes and Centuries of Healing (Op-Ed) Mark Plotkin is president of the Amazon Conservation Team
I hurt my foot and had to hobble into the offices of physicians orthopedists and chiropractors in short anyone who might heal my affliction.
I tried massage ice packs heating pads and whirlpool baths. I took aspirin ibuprofen anti-inflammatories prescription pain pills and a cortisone injection in search of relief.
The pain was reduced to the point where it became bearable and I completed the hike. But I felt my injury every step of the way.
In the ongoing debate over the enormous health-care costs in the United states Americans can learn much by looking southward at the tropical American countries where shamans reside
Like physicians shamans are not infallible and vary in abilities. I knew this shaman Amasina of the Trio tribe in southern Suriname to be a master of his craft.
But authentic shamans are masters of a sacred craft living repositories of centuries of therapeutic wisdom.
The depth of shamans'knowledge on preventive medicine and diagnostics has astonished even physicians who have studied their approach.
Dr. Christopher Herndon a Yale-trained physician and ethnobotanist specializing in the Amazon recently noted
When asked about disease conditions shamans present highly detailed and specific descriptions of disease characteristics and associated symptomatology.
They frequently comment on disease associations and responsiveness to therapy often demonstrating a remarkable insight into the natural history of disease processes as we understand them.
Many scientists who study tribal people's use of plants can recount experiences of injuries
or ailments that physicians failed to cure that were treated then successfully by an uneducated herbalist or shaman.
In other words we have a lot to learn from shamans. But the pharmaceutical industry is often dismissive of nature as a source of healing.
It seems to overlook the fact that many of the most important classes of prescription drugs like ACE inhibitors for high blood pressure (first developed from Brazilian snake venom) beta blockers (from hallucinogenic Mexican fungi)
and cholesterol-lowering statins (from Penicillium fungus) came from natural sources. And new finds continue to be made.
And I have observed medicine men in the northeastern Amazon using insects to treat arthritis and bacterial infections indicating that local wisdom regarding the healing potential of plants
and animals has been underestimated. When I entered the field of rainforest conservation more than three decades ago there were two basic areas of focus:
and their cultures and knowledge and along the way hopefully discover new medicines from nature.
We have partnered with elderly medicine men and women to establish shamans'apprentice programs and clinics to improve local health care
and transmit traditional healing knowledge to succeeding tribal generations. Learn more about the Amazon Conservation Team on their website.
This article originally appeared as A Foot Injury? Give me Your Machete! on the Skoll World Forum on Social Entrepreneurship a premier international platform for accelerating entrepreneurial approaches and innovative solutions to the world's most pressing social issues.
and their friends'circles the same size. 5 Ways Relationships Are Good for Your Health In comparison Europeans draw their circles 0. 14 inches (3. 5 mm) larger than their friends
The prevalence of pathogens and modernization also failed to explain the schism because China's government has established Special Economic zones in the South these regions tend to be developed more than those in the North.
Instead the study researchers sent the whole hunk to Penn State university to be scanned with high-resolution computed tomography (CT) a technique that yields virtual slices of the interior of an object.
Common misconceptions and fears about bats have led many people to regard the creatures as unclean disease carriers
A fungus that causes a disease called white-nose syndrome has devastated bats in North america. This white powdery-looking fungus a member of a group of cold-loving fungi calledgeomyces coats the muzzles ears
and wings of bats and has meant death for hundreds of thousands of the animals in the northeastern United states. Related Devastating Disease Found in Endangered Gray Bats Bats see using echolocation.
An anticoagulant in vampire bat saliva has been adapted for use in increasing blood flow in patients with stroke or heart disease
#Lung cancer Rates in US Declining, CDC Finds The percentage of Americans developing lung cancer every year is dropping according to a new report from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
On average 78 of every 100000 men in the U s. developed lung cancer in 2009 down from 87 per 100000 in 2005 according to the report.
That's a decline of 2. 6 percent in men's rate of lung cancer. Similarly for women lung cancer rates decreased 1. 1 percent dropping to 54 cases in every 100000 women in 2009 from 57 in 2005.
The drop was the steepest in people ages 35 to 44 with their rate decreasing about 6 percent per year.
These dramatic declines in the number of young adults with lung cancer show that tobacco prevention control programs work
when they are applied said CDC director Dr. Tom Frieden. 10 Easy Paths to Self destruction The rates decreased faster among men than among women.
Now men younger than 45 have slightly lower rates of lung cancer than women of the same age
even though lung cancer has historically been more common in men. While it is encouraging that lung cancer incidence rates are dropping in the United states one preventable cancer is one too many Frieden said.
Implementation of tobacco control strategies is needed to reduce smoking prevalence and the lung cancer it causes among men and women.
Lung cancer is the deadliest and the second most commonly diagnosed cancer among both men and women in the United states. Between 2005 and 2009 about 1 million people in the U s. were diagnosed with invasive lung cancer.
Most lung cancers are attributable to cigarette smoking and secondhand smoke. An estimated 43.8 million U s. adults smoke cigarettes according to the CDC.
Tobacco prevention and control strategies include increasing tobacco prices enacting smoke-free laws and restricting tobacco advertising and promotion.
Email Bahar Gholipour or follow her@alterwired. Follow us@Livescience Facebook & Google+.+Original article on Livescience v
#Dinosaur-Killing Asteroid Triggered Lethal Acid rain The oceans soured into a deadly sulfuric-acid stew after the huge asteroid impact that wiped out the dinosaurs a new study suggests.
In the new study researchers used high-resolution micro-computed tomography (CT) scanners to analyze two fossils of leafcutter-bee nests excavated from the pits.
Health Benefits, Risks & Nutrition Facts Spiny on the outside sweet on the inside pineapples are one fantastic fruit.
Pineapples nutritional benefits are as fascinating as their anatomy The fruit s wide-ranging benefits include immune system support protein digestion and bone strength.
Here are the nutrition facts for pineapple according to the U s. Food and Drug Administration which regulates food labeling through the National Labeling and Education Act:
This makes Vitamin c a helpful fighter against problems like heart disease atherosclerosis and even joint pain.
Anti-inflammatory benefits Bromelain has also been shown to have anti-inflammatory properties which can help with joint pain and swelling.
Excessive inflammation is linked to a variety of ailments including cancer and some nutritionists suggest that bromelain supplements may be helpful in prevention.
Studies have not been done to determine if bromelain in pineapple form results in these same benefits.
Those with allergies may want to consider incorporating pineapple into their diets more regularly to reduce sinus mucus long term.
or breathing difficulties you should seek a medical help immediately. You could have a pineapple allergy.
Extremely high amounts of Vitamin c can lead to problems like diarrhea nausea abdominal pain heartburn vomiting headaches and insomnia.
Additionally extremely high amounts of bromelain can cause skin rashes vomiting diarrhea and excessive menstrual bleeding.
Bromelain can also interact with some medications. Those taking antibiotics anticoagulants blood thinners anticonvulsants barbiturates benzodiazepines insomnia drugs and tricyclic antidepressants should be careful not to eat too much pineapple.
Eating unripe pineapple or drinking unripe pineapple juice is dangerous. In this state it is toxic to humans
and can lead to severe diarrhea and vomiting. Eating a great deal of pineapple cores can also cause fiber balls to form in the digestive tract. a
#Wolf Facts: Gray Wolves, Timber Wolves & Red Wolves Wolves are large carnivores the largest member of the dog or Canid family.
Wolves are common to all parts of the Northern hemisphere. They are usually shy and cautious around humans
C. lupus (gray wolf) C. rufus (red wolf) C. lycaon (Eastern wolf) Though wolves once roamed far and wide they are very scarce today.
#'Tomato Pill'May Improve Blood vessel Function in Some Patients Taking a daily supplement of lycopene a compound found in tomatoes
and other foods may improve the function of blood vessels in people with cardiovascular disease according to a new study
Researchers found that blood-vessel function improved by 53 percent in cardiovascular disease patients who had been taking a 7-milligram lycopene supplement daily for two months compared with their blood-vessel function before they began taking lycopene.
We've shown quite clearly that lycopene improves the function of blood vessels in cardiovascular disease patients Dr. Joseph Cheriyan a consultant clinical pharmacologist
and physician at Addenbrooke's Hospital and associate lecturer at the University of Cambridge said in a statement.
It reinforces the need for a healthy diet in people at risk from heart disease and stroke.
whether improved blood-vessel function may mean a reduced risk of heart disease. This would need much larger trials to investigate outcomes more carefully Cheriyan said. 7 Ways to Lower Your Risk of Heart disease Previous research has shown that cardiovascular disease is less common in countries where most people follow the so-called Mediterranean diet
which abounds in lycopene-rich tomatoes vegetables and olive oil. Although other studies have suggested a link between lycopene consumption
and reduced cardiovascular disease risk they have not shown the effect of the substance on the function of blood vessels.
In the study 36 cardiovascular disease patients and 36 healthy people took Ateronon an over-the-counter lycopene supplement or a placebo.
Neither the researchers administering the pills nor the study participants knew which treatment was being provided.
The cardiovascular disease patients had also been taking statins (cholesterol-lowering drugs) but their blood-vessel function was impaired still compared with the healthy participants'blood-vessel function.
They found that lycopene improved the blood-vessel function allowing the blood vessels to dilate more in response to acetylcholine in the cardiovascular disease patients.
This is a very well-done study said Dr. Stanley Hazen a cardiologist at the Cleveland Clinic who was involved not in the research calling the results promising.
It is a nice attempt to show how nutrition can improve blood-vessel function said Dr. Monica Aggarwal a cardiologist and a member of the Heart Center at Mercy Medical center in Baltimore.
or heart attack even though impaired functioning of blood vessels and cardiovascular disease are related often. Further research should examine data on heart attacks in people taking lycopene to determine
if taking the supplement actually translates into better cardiovascular disease outcomes Hazen told Live Science. Still he recommended that people be cautious about taking supplements including lycopene as it is often not completely clear how exactly they might affect people's health.
You can't overdose on vegetables but you can have a problem when you take too many supplements Hazen said.
There is much more to the Mediterranean diet than just lycopene Aggarwal told Live Science adding that the new research should encourage people to eat more vegetables.
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