Researchers at Cornell University Dr. Brian Wansink and Dr. Andrew Hanks analyzed transaction data from 30 representative Mcdonald's restaurants to answer that question.
and $35 million in the northeastern United states. According to Tooker to protect their crops from ECB many farmers have grown a genetically modified type of corn that expresses insecticidal toxins that kill the worms.
These toxins were isolated from the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt. These Bt corn hybrids have been adopted widely because they are exceptional for managing ECB--99.9 percent of larvae are expected to die
when they feed on plants expressing Bt toxins he said. Yet a drawback to using these hybrids has been the high cost of purchasing the seeds
Secondarily planting more non-Bt corn will reduce the potential for ECB to develop resistance to Bt toxins as corn rootworms have done in about a dozen states so far.
to the Bt toxins expressed in corn hybrids. Based on our results we would tell growers to scout their non-Bt acreage toward the end of the growing season he said.
when epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) the major extractable polyphenol in green tea and the most biologically active when diluted in skim milk or other milk complexes remains bioactive and continues to reduce colon cancer cell proliferation in culture
and opens the door to a new generation of dairy products providing additional benefits to human health say authors Sanaz Haratifar and Milena Corredig of the Department of Food Science and Department of Human Health
Tea polyphenols have been shown to inhibit tumor formation reduce cancer cell proliferation increase normal cell death (apoptosis)
and/or suppress the formation of new blood vessels feeding tumors (angiogenesis). For several reasons tea catechins have poor bioavailability
In order to exert their biological health benefits in vivo polyphenols must be available and still active even when present in a food matrix comments Dr. Haratifar.
and reduce the devastating impacts of conditions such as diabetes and obesity. The study SNAP Education and Evaluation Study (Wave II) evaluated the impact of several nutrition education programs on fruit and vegetable consumption among low-income elementary school children and seniors.
Lead researcher Dr Chanyarat Paungfoo-Lonhienne from The University of Queensland Australia said We took a new approach
They hope to conduct field tests with a view to assisting the development of commercial products that will be used to improve the health and productivity of sugarcane crops whilst reducing the need for synthetic fertilizers.
We now refer to the mental state as depression and that is a clinical condition that is anything but pleasing.
and is Chicago's largest university with 27500 students 12000 faculty and staff 15 colleges and the state's major public medical center.
#Contraception program effectively manages bison populationthe wild bison roaming Catalina Island are a major attraction for the nearly 1 million tourists who visit the Channel Island's most popular destination every year.
and doesn't endanger the health of the rest of the Island has been a major challenge for wildlife biologists.
and Wildlife Medicine reports that the Conservancy's contraception program proved effective in managing the herd's numbers.
After receiving the contraceptive the calving rate dropped to 10.4%in the first year and 3. 3%the following year.
The Conservancy's study demonstrated for the first time that this type of contraceptive will work in a wild herd a finding that can help improve bison management programs throughout the United states. The success of the Catalina Island Conservancy's bison contraception program demonstrates the innovative approaches
By proving the effectiveness of this humane approach to herd management this research will be a benefit to bison herds throughout the U s. It also lays the groundwork for further contraceptive studies in other wild species. The bison were brought first to the Island in 1924
and it raised concerns about the stress on the animals during shipment and the expansion of the herd beyond ecologically sustainable numbers between shipments said Julie King director of conservation
and wildlife management and a co-author of the contraception study. We launched the contraceptive program
Beginning in 2009 the Conservancy's scientists injected the female bison with porcine zona pellucida (PZP) a contraceptive that had been used for fertility control in zoos wild horses and white tail deer.
if the female bison can regain their fertility after a period of time without the contraceptive. The bison contraception program is a good example of trying to reach a balance with cultural aesthetic
or recreational needs and uses and cost-effective natural resource management to maintain the health of the ecosystem said John J. Mack chief conservation and education officer.
Because humans have been living and changing the Island for thousands of years the Conservancy is always seeking new approaches to ensuring the long-term use and ecological health of Catalina Island.
Story Source: The above story is provided based on materials by Santa catalina Island Conservancy. Note: Materials may be edited for content and length h
and gene interaction networks may have evolved differently in sugar beet compared to other species. The researchers also studied disease resistance genes (the equivalent to the immune system in animals)
Notably such gene families were associated most commonly with stress response or with disease resistance added Toni Gabaldon group leader in the CRG Bioinformatics and Genomics programme and ICREA research professor.
Finally the work also provides a first genome sequence of spinach which is a close relative of sugar beet.
#Diet rich in tomatoes may lower breast cancer riska tomato-rich diet may help protect at-risk postmenopausal women from breast cancer according to new research accepted for publication in The Endocrine Society's Journal
of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. Breast cancer risk rises in postmenopausal women as their body mass index climbs.
The study found eating a diet high in tomatoes had a positive effect on the level of hormones that play a role in regulating fat and sugar metabolism.
The advantages of eating plenty of tomatoes and tomato-based products even for a short period were clearly evident in our findings said the study's first author Adana Llanos Phd MPH who is an Assistant professor of Epidemiology
while she was a postdoctoral fellow with Electra Paskett Phd at The Ohio State university Comprehensive Cancer Center--Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Institute.
and vegetables would promote breast cancer prevention in an at-risk population. The longitudinal cross-over study examined the effects of both tomato-rich and soy-rich diets in a group of 70 postmenopausal women.
Researchers originally theorized that a diet containing large amounts of soy could be part of the reason that Asian women have lower rates of breast cancer than women in the United states
According to the latest University of Michigan Mott Children's Hospital National Poll on Children's Health nearly half of parents are concerned their child will try e-cigarettes
. S. Mott Children's Hospital National Poll on Children's Health. In the poll which was administered in November 2013 to 2124 adults age 18
Critics counter that e-cigarettes may have health risks and may encourage people and kids or teens to smoke tobacco.
Currently e-cigarettes are regulated not by the U s. Food and Drug Administration. Twenty-six states have regulations prohibiting sale to minors;
Meanwhile 65%of adults think e-cigarettes should have health warnings like tobacco cigarettes and nicotine products.
E-cigarettes are a relatively new product with little information about safety or long-term health effects.
and concerned about their impact according to this month's poll results says Davis who is professor of pediatrics and internal medicine at the U-M Medical school and professor of public policy at U-M's Gerald r ford School of Public Policy.
After all taking these steps now will allow us to protect the health of both children and adults in the future.
The above story is provided based on materials by University of Michigan Health System. Note: Materials may be edited for content and length h
which will be published in The british Journal of Health Psychology. Researchers looked at the impact of potential obstacles to healthy eating
on a seven-point scale ranging from one (totally disagree) to seven (totally agree) on what they would expect the impact on their health to be
The study found that an understanding of the health benefits of eating fruit and vegetables and the confidence in their own ability to do so was key to an individual's good intentions to consume the recommended daily intake.
#An apple a day keeps the doctor awayprescribing an apple a day to all adults aged 50
or delay around 8500 vascular deaths such as heart attacks and strokes every year in the UK--similar to giving statins to everyone over 50 years who is not already taking them--according to a study in the Christmas edition of The BMJ.
The researchers conclude that the 150 year old public health message: An apple a day keeps the doctor away is able to match more widespread use of modern medicine
and is likely to have fewer side effects. The research takes into account people who are already appropriately taking statins to reduce their risk of vascular disease
and therefore the authors stress that no one currently taking statins should stop although by all means eat more apples.
In the United kingdom lifestyle changes are recommended the first step to prevent heart disease. However trial data suggest that statins can reduce the risk of vascular events irrespective of a person's underlying risk of cardiovascular disease.
As such calls are being made for greater use of statins at a population level particularly for people aged 50 years and over.
However side-effects from statins mean that prescribing statins to everyone over the age of 50 is predicted to lead to over a thousand extra cases of muscle disease (myopathy) and over ten thousand extra diagnoses of diabetes.
This research adds weight to calls for the increased use of drugs for primary prevention of cardiovascular disease as well as for persevering with policies aimed at improving the nutritional quality of UK diets they conclude.
Dr Adam Briggs of the BHF Health Promotion Research Group at Oxford university said: The Victorians had it about right
when they came up with their brilliantly clear and simple public health advice: An apple a day keeps the doctor away.
It just shows how effective small changes in diet can be and that both drugs and healthier living can make a real difference in preventing heart disease and stroke.
While no one currently prescribed statins should replace them for apples we could all benefit from simply eating more fruit.
The british Medical Journal traditionally publishes a Christmas issue containing a number of articles of a lighthearted nature.
The above story is provided based on materials by BMJ-British Medical Journal. Note: Materials may be edited for content and length.
and reduce their risk of chronic disease according to the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics. Two newly published studies in Annals of Internal medicine and an accompanying editorial indicate there is no clear benefit for most healthy people to consume vitamin supplements.
These findings support the evidence-based position of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics that the best nutrition-based strategy for promoting optimal health
and reducing the risk of chronic disease is to wisely choose a wide variety of foods said registered dietitian nutritionist and Academy spokesperson Heather Mangieri.
By choosing nutrient-rich foods that provide the most nutrients per calorie you can build a healthier life and start down a path of health and wellness.
Small steps can help you create healthy habits that will benefit your health now and for the rest of your life.
The Academy's position on supplements also acknowledges that nutrient supplements may be necessary in special circumstances.
Registered dietitian nutritionists have the knowledge and experience to educate consumers on safe and appropriate selection
#Saving Fijis coral reefs linked to forest conservation upstreamthe health of coral reefs offshore depend on the protection of forests near the sea according to a new study by the Wildlife Conservation Society that outlines the importance of terrestrial protected areas
but also how much they benefit coral reef ecosystems said lead author Dr. Carissa Klein. Thinking about the connections between the land and sea is done rarely
We're pleased that the results of our study confirm that the forests that the committee was considering for protection can offer significant downstream benefits to coral reefs said Dr. Stacy Jupiter Fiji Country Program Director
Fiji is to be commended for their constructive response to the findings of this important scientific research said Dr. Caleb Mcclennen Director of the WCS Marine Program.
In terms of wood yield plantation health and productivity these GMO trees could be said very significant Steven Strauss a distinguished professor of forest biotechnology in the OSU College of Forestry.
Insect attack not only can kill a tree it can make the trees more vulnerable to other health problems said Amy Klocko an OSU faculty research associate.
Hybrid poplar trees which are grown usually in dense rows on flat land almost like a food crop are especially vulnerable to insect epidemics the researchers said.
When an animal stopped moving scientists saw a flat line much like the electrocardiogram of a heart-attack victim on their screens.
and bark used in traditional Chinese medicine. Some species are local endemics and Liquidambar chingii is listed as near-threatened by the IUCN.
As they report in the December issue of Public health Nutrition students discarded 70 percent of the extra fruits and vegetables.
This is important for the design of novel cellulose-based materials as other research groups are considering them for a huge variety of applications ranging from electronics and medical devices to structural components for the automotive civil and aerospace industries.
new drug-delivery technologies; transparent flexible displays for electronic devices; special filters for water purification; new types of sensors;
But these systems also pose significant public health risks (with the transmission of zoonotic diseases from these animals to people)
Dr Simon Gosling from the School of Geography at The University of Nottingham co-authored four papers in this unique global collaboration.
For the project--'Intersectoral Impact Model Intercomparison Project (ISI-MIP)'-Dr Gosling contributed simulations of global river flows to help understand how climate change might impact on global droughts water scarcity and river flooding.
Dr Gosling said: This research and the feature in PNAS highlights what could happen across several sectors
Another paper co-authored by Dr Gosling shows that without reductions in global greenhouse-gas emissions 40 per cent more people are likely to be at risk of absolute water scarcity than would be the case without climate change.
Dr Gosling said: The global-level results are concerning but they hide important regional variations.
Dr Gosling said: More water under climate change is not necessarily always a good thing.
and malaria can combine to create global'hotspots'of climate change impacts4. The study is the first to identify hotspots across these sectors
Dr Gosling's 23-volume report Climate: observations projections and impacts commissioned by the Department of energy and Climate Change (DECC) which he jointly led with the UK Met Office addressed an urgent international need for scientific evidence on the impact of climate change to be presented in a consistent format
#EU membership may have led to allergy increase in rural Polandpoland's entry into the EU may have had the surprising consequence of increasing allergies in rural villages according to a new study.
Surveys show that the prevalence of atopy a predisposition towards allergic reactions jumped from seven per cent to 20 per cent in villages in southwest Poland between 2003 and 2012.
Exposure to farm animals especially at a young age is thought to protect against developing allergies. The findings add to evidence that westernized lifestyles increase the risk of allergic diseases.
Previous research has suggested that farm dwellers especially children who grow up on farms have lower rates of hay fever
and atopy than people living in towns. Study author Professor Paul Cullinan from the National Heart and Lung Institute at Imperial College London said:
Asthma hay fever and other allergic diseases are becoming more common in many countries and there's growing evidence that they're linked to modern clean lifestyles.
We found that rapid changes in farming practices after Poland joined the EU were accompanied by a sharp increase in allergies over a very short period of time.
It's likely that similar changes are occurring in other places in Europe and we can expect that elsewhere in the world we may see major increases in allergies asthma
and hay fever over the coming decades as countries become more westernized and less rural. Researchers from Wroclaw Medical University and Imperial College London conducted surveys in villages and a small town in southwest Poland in 2003 one year before Poland joined the EU
and 2012 to study the prevalence of asthma hay fever and atopy which is diagnosed with a skin prick test.
In 2003 7. 3 per cent of villagers tested positive for atopy compared with 20 per cent of townspeople.
In 2012 the prevalence of atopy in villages had risen to 19.6 per cent. hay fever also rose from 3. 0 per cent to 7. 7 per cent
but the prevalence of asthma did not change significantly. In towns there were no changes in the prevalence of allergies.
Twenty-four per cent of village dwellers had regular or occasional contact with cows in 2003 but this fell to four per cent in 2012.
Thirty-three per cent had contact with pigs in 2003 but only 14 per cent in 2012.
The study appears in the Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. Story Source: The above story is provided based on materials by Imperial College London.
Note: Materials may be edited for content and length. Journal Reference e
#European springtime temperature benefits Alpine ibex vitalitya study published December 16th 2013 in the journal Ecology Letters provides new evidence for the dependency of local trophic interactions
on large-scale climate dynamics and reveals positive effects of recent climate change for the Monarch of The alps.
#Legislation to provide allergy medication in schools crucial to save livesan act recently signed by President Obama will make it easier to provide epinephrine to children with severe food allergies in schools even without a prescription.
Physicians at Nationwide Children's Hospital hope the act will encourage the remaining 20 states to pass legislation incentivizing
and in some cases requiring that schools to have this medication available for all students
since up to 6 percent of children in the United states are diagnosed now with a food allergy.
Allergic reactions to food and other potential life threatening allergic reactions can be fatal unless epinephrine is injected into the child immediately.
Sarah Denny MD a pediatrician in the Emergency Department at Nationwide Children's knows how crucial it is to have an epinephrine auto injector close by
if your child has a severe allergy. The number of children treated for anaphylactic shock at Nationwide Children's Emergency Department has been on the rise
but the issue is also personal for Dr. Denny. Dr. Denny's son Liam just 18-months-old at the time had an anaphylactic reaction to soy milk in 2008.
Previous testing confirmed he was allergic to dairy egg peanuts and tree nuts but Liam drank soy milk for months before his anaphylactic reaction.
After drinking a cup of soy milk as he had done regularly for months Liam immediately started coughing vomiting developed hives all over his body
and slipped into unconsciousness after a few minutes. Dr Denny's husband also a physician administered Liam's epinephrine auto injector then immediately called 911.
Much to the Denny's relief medics arrived quickly. Thankfully in the 10-minute ride in the ambulance to Nationwide Children's Hospital the epinephrine started to work
and by the time we got to the Emergency Department he was sitting up on my lap waving to the nurses recalled Dr. Denny also a faculty member at The Ohio State university College of Medicine.
had had we not an epinephrine auto injector at home I don't know that we would have been so lucky.
and trains school employees to administer the drug in an emergency. Additionally the bill provides civil-liability protection for those who administer epinephrine in an emergency.
David Stukus MD an allergist at Nationwide Children's said This issue has to be addressed where kids are most vulnerable to an attack.
or more students with a food allergy and about 25 percent of life-threatening food allergy reactions reported at schools occurred in children with no prior history of food allergies.
Epinephrine in schools should not replace your family's own individualized allergy treatment plan that you make with your allergist
and school said Dr. Stukus also a faculty member at The Ohio State university College of Medicine This act is most critical for students who may not yet have been diagnosed
or for those with known food allergies who for whatever reason do not have self-injectable epinephrine immediately available.
When a child has a severe allergic reaction seconds are crucial because timely administration of epinephrine is the single most important way to save lives
The above story is provided based on materials by Nationwide Children's Hospital. Note: Materials may be edited for content and length h
Led by Dr Alan O'Riordan Principal investigator at Tyndall National Institute Flukeless will be developed in collaboration with Teagasc University college Dublin Zoetis The Enfer Group and The irish Cattle Breeding Federation.
Speaking about Flukeless Dr O'Riordan said The World organization for Animal health (OIE) estimates that approximately 20%of animal production is lost due to unhealthy animals.
At a time when some EU member states (including Ireland) are reporting a 12-fold increase in the prevalence of liver fluke infection over recent years it is crucial to find innovative new ways to maintain animal health
of which will be uploaded to geographical information system for disease mapping and also feed into breeding programmes. This approach has broad application
Finding low toxicity replacements for commodity plastics such as polystyrene and PVC adhesives foams and composite resins in addition to leatherlike materials must be a priority
and human health said Wool. Wool became passionate about sustainability in the early 1990s when he served as chairman of the American Society for Testing and Materials committee for biodegradable plastics.
#Pediatricians urge consumption of only pasteurized dairy productspregnant women infants and young children should avoid raw
or unpasteurized milk and milk products and only consume pasteurized products according to a new policy statement from the American Academy of Pediatrics.
The statement--whose lead author is Yvonne Maldonado MD professor of pediatrics at the Stanford university School of medicine--was published online Dec 15 in Pediatrics.
In issuing this statement the academy takes the same position as the American Medical Association the American Veterinary Medical Association the International Association for Food Protection the National Environmental Health Association the U s
. Food and Drug Administration and the World Health Association. Whether from cows goats or sheep raw milk and milk products are a continuing source of bacterial infections that are especially dangerous to pregnant women fetuses the elderly young children
and people with compromised immune systems the statement says. The popularity of raw milk and raw-milk products such as soft cheeses has been growing in recent years in part due to claims of health benefits.
But those claims have not been backed up by science. Studies have shown repeatedly that raw milk and pasteurized milk contain equivalent levels of nutrients such as proteins carbohydrates calcium vitamins and enzymes.
and milk products said Maldonado an infectious disease expert who also is a pediatrician at Lucile Packard Children's Hospital.
But relative to the amount of raw-milk products on the market we do see a disproportionately large number of diseases and illnesses from raw milk.
From 1998 through 2009 there were 93 recorded outbreaks of disease resulting from consumption of raw milk or raw-milk products causing 1837 illnesses 195 hospitalizations and two deaths.
Most of those illnesses were caused by contamination of the product with E coli or with species of Salmonella or Campylobacter.
Infections by such bacteria can cause diarrhea fever cramps nausea and vomiting. Some infections can become systemic.
A 2011 survey by the National Association of State departments of Agriculture determined that raw milk and raw-milk products were legal to sell in 30 states
Before pasteurization was developed one of the major causes of childhood disease and death was drinking milk
It was not uncommon for children to contract tuberculosis from milk. Some advocates of raw-milk consumption argue that cows are healthier now than in the pre-pasteurization era
but Maldonado said that even in healthy herds there are other organisms that can cause serious bacterial infections in children and pregnant women.
or pregnant women they can cause severe illness. The academy's policy statement endorses a nationwide ban on the sale of raw
In endorsing a raw-milk cheese ban the statement cited scientific evidence that Escherichia coli 0157 a pathogenic strain of the E coli bacteria that can cause particularly severe symptoms
The statement also encourages pediatricians to lobby their state representatives in support of a ban on raw-milk sales in the states where they live.
In addition to many species of bacteria the list includes giardia rabies and norovirus. According to the U S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention norovirus is the most common cause of acute gastroenteritis in the United states causing 19-21 million illnesses
and contributing to 56000-71000 hospitalizations and 570-800 deaths annually. We invented pasteurization to prevent these horrible diseases Maldonado said.
There is really no good reason to drink unpasteurized milk. Story Source: The above story is provided based on materials by Stanford university Medical center.
The original article was written by LOUIS BERGERON. Note: Materials may be edited for content and length. Journal Reference e
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