Synopsis: 5. medicine & health: Substance abuse: Drug addiction & illicit drugs: Illicit drugs:


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or hallucinogen use may seem like the shortcut and believe me it does unlock artistic abilities

. I discontinued all the opiates over a year ago now but still live with chronic pain.


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Typical diseases in this respect are foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) African horse sickness (AHS) lumpy skin disease (LSD) and camel pox.

Melesse's doctoral research has provided us with valuable information about virus types disease distribution in relation to season and geographical region and the economic significance and risk factors for FMD LSD AHS and camel


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#Young cannabis-smokers aware of the health risks91 percent of on average 20-year-old Swiss men drink alcohol almost half of whom drink six beverages or more in a row and are thus at-risk consumers

whom are at-risk consumers--they smoke at least once a day. 36 percent of young adults smoke cannabis

whether these young Swiss men read up on addictive substances such as alcohol tobacco cannabis or other drugs and are aware

along with 38 percent of at-risk consumers of cannabis. Moreover at-risk consumers of alcohol or tobacco seek information two and a half times more frequently than abstainers.

Cannabis-consumers research addictive substances four times more frequently and the at-risk consumers among them even five times more frequently than those who don't smoke cannabis.

or cannabis consumption as very good thereby reporting their knowledge as better than abstainers in this respect.


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#Illegal marijuana grows threaten fishers in the southern Sierra Nevadarat poison used on illegal marijuana grows is killing fishers in the southern Sierra nevada according to a recent study conducted by a team of scientists from the U s. Forest Service's Pacific

The authors speculated that the most likely source of the poisons was the illegal marijuana grows found throughout the Sierra nevada.

This new study solidifies that link documenting that female fishers who live in areas with a higher number of marijuana sites had more exposure to rodenticides

The researchers deduced that illegal marijuana grows are a likely source of the poison because the fishers in this study were radio-tracked and many were observed not venturing into rural urban

Illegal marijuana cultivation on public lands is widespread and some growers apply large quantities of numerous pesticides to deter a wide range of animals and insects from encroaching on their crops.

and variety of poisons found at the illegal marijuana plots is a new threat. According to co-author PSW wildlife biologist Dr. Kathryn Purcell exposure of wildlife to pesticides has been documented widely

In marijuana cultivation sites regulations regarding proper use of pesticides are ignored completely and multiple compounds are used to target any

In the vicinity of illegal marijuana sites numerous dead or dying insects and small mammals are often found.


ScienceDaily_2013 10283.txt

#Illegal marijuana grows threaten fishers in the southern Sierra Nevadarat poison used on illegal marijuana grows is killing fishers in the southern Sierra nevada according to a recent study conducted by a team of scientists from the U s. Forest Service's Pacific

The authors speculated that the most likely source of the poisons was the illegal marijuana grows found throughout the Sierra nevada.

This new study solidifies that link documenting that female fishers who live in areas with a higher number of marijuana sites had more exposure to rodenticides

The researchers deduced that illegal marijuana grows are a likely source of the poison because the fishers in this study were radio-tracked and many were observed not venturing into rural urban

Illegal marijuana cultivation on public lands is widespread and some growers apply large quantities of numerous pesticides to deter a wide range of animals and insects from encroaching on their crops.

and variety of poisons found at the illegal marijuana plots is a new threat. According to co-author PSW wildlife biologist Dr. Kathryn Purcell exposure of wildlife to pesticides has been documented widely

In marijuana cultivation sites regulations regarding proper use of pesticides are ignored completely and multiple compounds are used to target any

In the vicinity of illegal marijuana sites numerous dead or dying insects and small mammals are often found.


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New research to be presented Sunday May 5 at the Pediatric Academic Societies (PAS) annual meeting in WASHINGTON DC supports the theory that cigarettes are a gateway drug to marijuana.

and marijuana were more likely to smoke more tobacco than those who smoked only tobacco said study author Megan Moreno MD MSED MPH FAAP an investigator at Seattle Children's Research Institute and associate professor

if they had used tobacco or marijuana ever in their lives and in the past 28 days. Researchers also assessed the quantity

and frequency of marijuana and tobacco use in the past 28 days. Results showed that prior to entering college 33 percent of the 315 participants reported lifetime tobacco use

In addition tobacco users were more likely to have used marijuana than those who did not use tobacco.

Of these 53 percent reported concurrent marijuana use. Overall users of both substances averaged significantly more tobacco episodes per month than current users of tobacco only (42 vs. 24.

because in the past year we have seen legislation passed that legalizes marijuana in two states Dr. Moreno said.

While the impact of these laws on marijuana use is a critical issue our findings suggest that we should also consider

whether increased marijuana use will impact tobacco use among older adolescents. Future work should involve designing educational campaigns highlighting the increased risks of using these substances together Dr. Moreno concluded.


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He will tell the meeting at the Barbican in London that his research has shown that psilocybin the psychedelic ingredient in magic mushrooms has the potential to alleviate severe forms of depression in people who have failed to respond fully to other antidepressant treatments.

However psilocybin is illegal in the UK; the United nations 1971 Convention on Psychotropic Substances classifies it as a Schedule 1 drug one that has a high potential for abuse with no recognised medical use

and the manufacture of a synthetic form of psilocybin for use in patients is controlled tightly by EU regulations.

The law for the control of drugs like psilocybin as a Schedule 1 Class A drug makes it almost impossible to use them for research

We are the first people ever to have done a psilocybin study in the UK but we are still hunting for a company that can manufacture the drug to GMP standards for the clinical trial

when healthy volunteers are injected with psilocybin the drug switched off a front part of the brain called the anterior cingulate cortex

Psilocybin also acts on these receptors. We have found that people with depression have overactive default mode networks

and what psilocybin is doing is going in and rapidly replacing the missing serotonin switching them back into a mind state where they are less ruminating

Thirty patients will be given a synthetic form of psilocybin and 30 patients will be given a placebo. The drug (or placebo) will be given during two possibly three carefully controlled

Can we use psychedelic drugs to treat depressions? Symposium: Treating depression with antidepressants: where are we now


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Prior studies with other drugs such as cocaine and amphetamine have suggested that animals that show the greatest increases in locomotor sensitization are also the animals most likely to seek out


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The report defines a substance use disorder as dependence on or abuse of alcohol or illicit drugs.


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#Smoking marijuana associated with higher stroke risk in young adultsmarijuana the most widely used illicit drug may double stroke risk in young adults according to research presented at the American Stroke Association's International Stroke

In a New zealand study ischemic stroke and transient ischemic attack (TIA) patients were 2. 3 times more likely to have cannabis also known as marijuana detected in urine tests as other age

This is the first case-controlled study to show a possible link to the increased risk of stroke from cannabis said P. Alan Barber Ph d. M d. study lead investigator and professor of clinical neurology at the University of Auckland

Cannabis has been thought by the public to be a relatively safe although illegal substance. This study shows this might not be the case;

Only 8. 1 percent of controls tested positive for cannabis in urine samples. Researchers found no differences in age stroke mechanism or most vascular risk factors between marijuana users and non-users.

In previous case reports ischemic stroke and TIAS developed hours after cannabis use Barber said.

These patients usually had no other vascular risk factors apart from tobacco alcohol and other drug usage.

It's challenging to perform prospective studies involving illegal substances such as cannabis because questioning stroke

and control patients about cannabis use is likely to obtain unreliable responses Barber said. In the study the regional ethics committee allowed researchers to use urine samples from other hospitalized patients.

The study provides the strongest evidence to date of an association between cannabis and stroke Barber said.

because all but one of the stroke patients who were cannabis users also used tobacco regularly.

We believe it is the cannabis and not tobacco said Barber who hopes to conduct another study to determine

whether there's an association between cannabis and stroke independent of tobacco use. This may prove difficult given the risks of bias and ethical strictures of studying the use of an illegal substance he said.

However the high prevalence of cannabis use in this cohort of younger stroke patients makes this research imperative.

Physicians should test young people who come in with stroke for cannabis use Barber said. People need to think twice about using cannabis

because it can affect brain development and result in emphysema heart attack and now stroke he said.


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However research however shows that the societal price of addiction to nicotine is high--tobacco use in the US is implicated in more deaths each year than alcohol and illicit drugs combined.


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and those who had used ever alcohol marijuana or other illicit substances were more likely to use hookah.


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It could happen with new plant-breeding toolsince the first plant genome sequence was obtained for the plant Arabidopsis in 2000 scientists have sequenced gene everything from cannabis to castor bean.


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#Regulating legal marijuana could be guided by lessons from alcohol, tobacco, study saysas U s. policymakers consider ways to ease prohibitions on marijuana the public health approaches used to regulate alcohol

and tobacco over the past century may provide valuable lessons according to new RAND Corporation research.

Recent ballot initiatives that legalized marijuana in Colorado and Washington for recreational uses are unprecedented. The move raises important questions about how to best allow the production sales

and the use of marijuana while also working to reduce any related social ills. A new study published online by the American Journal of Public health outlines how regulations on alcohol

and tobacco may provide guidance to policymakers concerned about the public health consequences of legalizing marijuana.

Among the issues outlined in the study are how to reduce youth access to marijuana how to minimize drugged driving how to curb dependence

and addiction how to restrict contaminants in marijuana products and how to discourage the dual use of marijuana and alcohol particularly in public settings.

The lessons from the many decades of regulating alcohol and tobacco should offer some guidance to policymakers who are contemplating alternatives to marijuana prohibition

and are interested in taking a public health approach said Beau Kilmer co-director of the RAND Drug Policy Research center

when considering less-restrictive marijuana laws. Those questions include: Should vertical integration be allowed or should there be separate licenses for growing processing and selling marijuana?

What rules are needed to make sure a marijuana product is safe? Should marijuana be sold in convenience stories or only in specialized venues?

Should taxes be assessed per unit of weight as a percent of the price or on some other basis such as the amount of psychoactive ingredients in marijuana?

Based on the national experience with alcohol and tobacco it seems prudent from a public health perspective to open up the marijuana market slowly with tight controls to test the waters

and prevent commercialization too soon while still making it available to responsible adults said Rosalie Liccardo Pacula co-director of the RAND Drug Policy Research center

and a co-author of the paper. Of course perspectives other than public health objectives might motivate policymakers to adopt different or fewer regulations.

and tobacco that also may be appropriate for regulation of marijuana. Those include keeping prices artificially high to curb use adopting a state-run monopoly on sales


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or vaporizer pens for individuals who vaporize other substances such as herbs marijuana marijuana oils and hashish waxes.


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In response to the crackdown in Mexico drug traffickers began moving south into Central america around 2007 to find new routes through remote areas to move their drugs from South america

When drug traffickers moved in they brought ecological devastation with them. For example the researchers found that the amount of new deforestation per year more than quadrupled in Honduras between 2007 and 2011--the same period when cocaine movements in the country also spiked.

Mcsweeney is a geographer who has done research in Honduras for more than 20 years studying how indigenous people interact with their environment.

los narcos (drug traffickers. There were other indications of drug trafficking taking place in the area. I would get approached by people who wanted to change $20 bills in places where cash is very scarce

In addition the drug traffickers themselves convert forest to agriculture as a way to launder their money.

and is therefore illegal drug traffickers often use their profits to influence government leaders to look the other way.


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when on different drugs for example creating beautiful webs on LSD and terrible webs on caffeine.


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sustainability meet on the robotic marijuana farm Invention may lead to greener power plants When it comes to packaging,


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Tech, sustainability meet on the robotic marijuana farmmr. Greenthumb's latest gardening tool may just be...

is a hi-tech mobile trailer used for cultivating medicinal marijuana. The aptly-named Big Bud is a fully functional weed farm that features programmable lights,

But he did he took some time out of his hectic schedule to speak to this correspondent about dirt-free farming, wasteful agricultural practices and, of course, cannabis.

So about this trailer designed to grow marijuana, where did the idea come from? Oddly enough, it's something that's been done for about 30 years.

Old school marijuana growers started out planting them in shipping containers and buried the crops in the ground before they eventually switched to using trailers.

so what we did was just take it to the next level by implementing hydroponic technology and developing it into a full line of trailers for not only the medical marijuana community,

On the non-marijuana agricultural side, there's a need too. California, for example, every year loses some of it's agricultural land to dust bowling

Currently, much of energy intensive light used to grow cannabis is wasted instead of being absorbed since plants can only photosynthesize so much of it.

With more and more states allowing the use of medical marijuana, what I'm seeing is broader acceptance of it.

I mean think of the actual patient that's using medicinal marijuana; it's probably a cancer

Giving them the marijuana from a sterilized environment like our trailers is a huge benefit to this industry.


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if someone were trying to sell your kids banana-flavored heroin in a vial they could suck (instead of having to chase the dragon),

The reason you don't have versions of this technology for cocaine, heroin or THC (the active ingredient in marijuana) is

because those particular substances are banned as dangerous drugs. Nicotine is just as dangerous, but because the tobacco industry has fought so hard in Washington for so long it's not yet treated that way.


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sustainability meet on the robotic marijuana farm Invention may lead to greener power plants Accidental environmentalist designs furniture from invasive species Reuse and recycling, a modest proposal 10 steps toward making your home


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Marijuana sauceyou're not in Indiana. Amsterdam's Manneken Pis chip shop, named after Brussels'famous pissing boy statue,

So it comes as no surprise that one of the latest gastronomical innovations-marijuana sauce-comes from Indianapolis.

At the Manneken Pis chip shop, owner Albert van Beek has created a mayo spread for his chips (what red-blooded Americans call french fries) that tastes like cannabis,

but contains no THC, inspired by the marijuana aroma from the adjacent coffee shop. It's just about the taste,

whether the dope dip will catch on and sweep across the globe. Â But it does leave you wondering what the Dutch might serve up next.


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