ie. some seeds and tuberous plants such as freshwater chestnuts lotus root and the fern root the addition of starch from palms was unexpected totally and very exciting.
Solanum is the largest genus of the family and with 1500 species is one of the largest genera of flowering plants.
Solanum has 13 major evolutionary groupsor clades. This new study published in the open access journal Phytokeys offers a complete revision of all of the species of the Dulcamaroid clade including the description of a new species endemic to the forests of Ecuador.
The species-rich Genus solanum has remained remarkably underexplored until relatively recently despite the economic importance of some of its members such as potato (Solanum tuberosum) and tomato (Solanum lycopersicum.
This research is a part of this effort providing a revision of all the species of an entire clade of Solanum.
Work by participants of the'PBI Solanum'project will result in a modern monographic treatment of the entire genus available on-line.
The new species described in this revision Solanum agnoston discovered by Dr. Sandra Knapp Department of Life sciences The Natural history Museum UK comes from the inter Andean valleys of Southern Ecuador
Solanum is the largest genus of the family and with 1500 species is one of the largest genera of flowering plants.
Solanum has 13 major evolutionary groupsor clades. This new study published in the open access journal Phytokeys offers a complete revision of all of the species of the Dulcamaroid clade including the description of a new species endemic to the forests of Ecuador.
The species-rich Genus solanum has remained remarkably underexplored until relatively recently despite the economic importance of some of its members such as potato (Solanum tuberosum) and tomato (Solanum lycopersicum.
This research is a part of this effort providing a revision of all the species of an entire clade of Solanum.
Work by participants of the'PBI Solanum'project will result in a modern monographic treatment of the entire genus available on-line.
The new species described in this revision Solanum agnoston discovered by Dr. Sandra Knapp Department of Life sciences The Natural history Museum UK comes from the inter Andean valleys of Southern Ecuador
In this process a molecule precursor binds to the Faeo enzyme (Fragaria x ananassa enone oxidoreductase) which converts it into the final product namely HDMF.
Now researchers report in the journal Genome Biology that they have sequenced the lotus genome and the results offer insight into the heart of some of its mysteries.
By looking at changes in the duplicated genes the researchers found that lotus has a slow mutation rate relative to other plants Ming said.
These traits make lotus an ideal reference plant for the study of other eudicots the researchers said.
Echinacea St john's wort and other medicinal herbs; and what Khoury calls iconic U s. crops including sugar maple and wild rice.
Full details can be found in the paper Iron distribution through the developmental stages of Medicago truncatula nodules.
Examples at MU 125 include purslane globemallow and chenopodium. -Gathered wild resources: These are also Southwestern plants that predated maize
The most species-rich genera are Trichosanthes with 22 species Cucumis with 11 (all but two wild) and the bitter gourd Genus momordica with eight.
and Coffea species often contained low doses of caffeine. They included'robusta'coffee species mainly used to produce freeze-dried coffee
It turned out that these bees had been more loyal to Claytonia in the past than they were now.
The tree tomato (Solanum betaceum or Cyphomandra betacea) can reach up three meters of height and belongs to the Solonaceae family
Venation patterns--or lines of color on flower petals--are common in Antirrhinum flowers commonly known as snapdragons.
Populus a fast-growing perennial tree holds potential as a bioenergy crop due to its ability to produce large amounts of biomass on nonagricultural land.
although the situation is unknown in many areas as explained to SINC by Rocã o Rosa Garcã a researcher at SERIDA and coauthor of the study.
and often the goat is the only source of animal protein in their diet explains Rosa Garcã a. The team led by Koldo Osoro Otaduy manager of the Animal Production Systems Area at SERIDA
and whether it interferes with the survival of the most sensitive species outlines Rosa Garcã a. Story Source:
Amur honeysuckle (Lonicera maackii) a mid-story shrub introduced from East asia as an ornamental and to provide bird habitat is the black hat in the oak-hickory forests.
and BGI has completed the first genome sequence of the diamondback moth (DBM) the most destructive pest of brassica crops.
The team points out that vast tonnages of seeds from the deciduous mahua (Madhuca indica) and semi-deciduous sal (Shorea robusta) trees are simply left to waste on the forest floor.
and large increases of Acer (maple) Populus (poplar) and Quercus (oak) in northern hardwoods whereas to the south these disturbances perpetuated the dominance of oak in central hardwoods.
and glycine) in two Mediterranean species typically used in restoration: the holm oak (Quercus ilex L.)and the Aleppo pine (Pinus halepensis Mill..
By using a stable isotope of nitrogen (N) researchers assessed the absorption efficiency of various nitrogen sources for both species. They observed that the best absorbed source was followed urea by ammonia glycine and finally the nitrate.
Besides the usage of organic sources such as glycine is something new in these types of research.
Throughout this study researchers confirmed that the two species studied can absorb intact glycine via foliar.
A research team led by Professor Sami Doä anlar analyzed three different interspecific populations of Solanum peruvianum Solanum habrochaites and Solanam pimpinellifolium for antioxidant and agronomic traits.
Our analyses showed that the Solanum habrochaites population provided the best starting material for improvement of water-soluble antioxidant activity
The Solanum habrochaites population also contained individuals that had nearly 2-fold more water-soluble antioxidant activity and phenolic content than cultivated tomato.
The Solanum peruvianum population was determined to be best for improvement of Vitamin c content with 3-fold variation for the trait and individuals
In this research published in Nature Communications the group demonstrates using the model legume Lotus japonicus that the downward signaling is performed actually by a cytokinin--though the exact molecule remains to be identified
and development and opens the road to identifying the exact cytokinin involved in downward signaling in the Lotus japonicus.
Now our study with Lotus japonicus has given us the first convincing evidence of a shoot-to-root signal function of cytokinin.
Glycine soja used to improve protein content in soybean; and Vitis amurensis a wild relative of grape which has been used to improve cold tolerance.
Worryingly of these 871 CWR native to China at least 17%are threatened with extinction in China
and Prunus ferganensis the crop wild relative of peach is tolerant to drought conditions. Globally the highest concentration of CWR per unit area is found in Syria and Lebanon.
The weed called parthenium is so destructive that farmers in the east African nation have given despairingly it the nickname faramsissa in Amharic
After a decade-long effort scientists from the Integrated Pest Management Innovation Lab released a parthenium-eating beetle called Zygogramma bicolorata.
and breeds only on parthenium leaves said Muni Muniappan director of the Integrated Pest Management Innovation Lab a program funded by the U s. Agency for International Development.
Parthenium is native to The americas where a suite of natural enemies that includes the Zygogramma beetle keeps the weed in check.
But in the early 1970s parthenium entered Ethiopia in shipments of food aid from the United states. With no serious contenders the plant flourished.
In the past three decades parthenium has become the second most common weed in Ethiopia suppressing the growth of all other plants
Parthenium is poisonous. People who come into contact with it can suffer from skin irritations bronchial asthma and fever.
The Innovation Lab built a quarantine facility in 2007 to ensure that the pea-sized beetle had eyes for parthenium alone.
The group moved from parthenium patch to parthenium patch dumping beetles from containers. Ethiopian researchers will monitor the sites
But even these measures will not eliminate parthenium from Ethiopian farmland. Biocontrol is control not eradication said Witt.
which led to a Mexican scientist to design a technology capable of degrading the product materials by the mushroom Pleurotus ostreatus. The project led by Rosa Marã a Espinosa Valdemar researcher at the Autonomous Metropolitan University Azcapotzalco (UAM-A is
The Pine Barrens gentian species (Gentiana autumnalis) thrives after its ecosystem has experienced disturbance as one of the earliest species to begin re-inhabiting empty spaces--a phase known as early succession.
Others have vague names such as jatropha with no species name which is problematic. For example there are three main Miscanthus species
#Stress-tolerant tomato relative sequencedthe genome of Solanum pennellii a wild relative of the domestic tomato has been published by an international group of researchers including the labs headed by Professors Neelima Sinha and Julin
and Roberto Lopez from Purdue University designed a series of lighting experiments on plugs of Antirrhinum Catharanthus Celosia Impatiens Pelargonium Petunia Tagetes Salvia and Viola.
Results showed that the height of Catharanthus Celosia Impatiens Petunia Tagetes Salvia and Viola was 31%29%31%55%20%9%and 35%shorter respectively for seedlings grown under 85:15 red:
Stem caliper of Antirrhinum Pelargonium and Tagetes was 16%8%and 13%larger respectively for seedlings grown under the 85:15 red:
Professor Rosa Maria Marcã from the Universitat Rovira i Virgili Tarragona said: This highly selective and sensitive instrument has allowed the small amounts of TSNAS stuck to the surface of house dust to be measured for the first time.
and naming Solanum cordicitum (pronounced So-lay-num core-duh-SEE-tum). It's a new unique plant from the United states she says.
The new species belongs to the Genus solanum which includes some 1500 species of mostly poisonous plants including nightshades but also three economically important global food crops:
because it must end with the same syllable as Solanum to comply with naming rules.
The derivation of Solanum is unknown but may be from sol for sun or from solamen for consolation comforting
The Solanaceae family including the Genus solanum is known as the nightshade family and many of the plants are toxic hallucinogenic
and create a comprehensive online inventory of all 1500 species in Solanum one of Earth's largest genera of flowering plants.
In the same study the botanists elevate to full species status three other closely related plants that were named previously varieties of other Solanum species
but that DNA analysis showed to be separate species. Like the new species they all belong to a group of Solanum named section Androceras
which is a group of weedy Solanum plants native to the central and southwestern U s. and Mexico.
That is unusual because most Solanum groups are tropical Bohs says. The most widespread Androceras species is S. rostratum known as buffalo bur prickly nightshade and Kansas thistle.
A larger group of 350 to 400 Solanum species are known as spiny solanums because they have prickles.
While S. cordicitum belongs to a weedy group within the spiny solanums technically it isn't a weed
It's got a beautiful interesting flower form unique in Solanum Bohs says. The researchers'report can be found online at:
while conducting a life cycle assessment of the flowering tree'Forest Pansy'(Cercis canadensis L.)The study incorporated partial budgeting modeling procedures to measure the sensitivity of related costs
or Solanum campylacanthum is wicked a plant. Not a true apple this relative of the eggplant smothers native grasses with its thorny stalks while its striking yellow fruit provides a deadly temptation to sheep and cattle.
When you add the wild herbivores they have a negative effect on the Solanum so they're actually promoting a higher biomass of high-quality habitat for livestock.
While elephants ate an enormous amount of Solanum seeds they also often destroyed the entire plant ripping it out of the ground and stuffing the whole bush into their mouths.
While other researchers have identified genes involved in producing the first green leaves of spring the discovery of a master regulator in poplar trees (Populus species) could eventually lead to breeding plants that are adapted better for warmer climates.
and their progeny was fertile as well one can consider them as a new species. The scientists named it Nicotiana tabauca.
Phaseolus genome lends insights into nitrogen fixationit doesn't take much to see that the problems of three little people doesn't add up to a hill of beans in this crazy world Humphrey Bogart famously said in the movie Casablanca.
Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) a flowering plant native to the Sonoran desert and southwest United states has a laundry list of traits that make it a fierce competitor on the farm said Aaron Hager a University of Illinois
Ash trees (Fraxinus spp. line city streets and fill agricultural windbreaks throughout much of North america--38 million landscape trees in the 25 states surrounding Detroit according to US Forest Service estimate.
#Growing camelina, safflower in the Pacific Northwesta recent study published in Agronomy Journal provides information important to farmers growing oilseed crops.
In the study camelina and safflower were grown in three-year rotations with winter wheat and summer fallow.
Brenton Sharratt and William Schillinger found that adding camelina or safflower crops into a rotation with winter wheat and summer fallow increased the amount of dust at the end of tillage-based fallow
Their findings show that adding camelina or safflower into the crop rotation increased the chances of wind erosion late in the fallow cycle.
#Crocodile tears please thirsty butterflies and beesthe butterfly (Dryas iulia) and the bee (Centris sp.
and aquatic ecologist Carlos de la Rosa was passing slowing and quietly by and caught the moment on film.
De la Rosa reported the encounter in a peer-reviewed letter in the May 2014 issue of the Ecological Society of America's journal Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment.
It was one of those natural history moments that you long to see up close said de la Rosa the director of the La Selva Biological Station for the Organization for Tropical Field Studies in San pedro Costa rica.
De la Rosa had seen butterflies and moths in the Amazon feeding on the tears of turtles and a few caimans.
and some bees doing this said de la Rosa. A search of the scientific literature produced a detailed study of bees drinking human tears in Thailand as well as the remembered October 2012 Trails
This experience reminds us that the world still has many surprises for ecologists de la Rosa said.
De la Rosa is a specialist in the biology of non-biting midges and a natural historian with his eyes always open to new discoveries.
De la Rosa's job as director of La Selva Biological Station brings him an unusual number of serendipitous encounters with wildlife.
Those are the kinds of things that you know you don't plan for them you can't plan for them de la Rosa said.
The peanut in fields today is the result of a natural cross between two wild species Arachis duranensis and Arachis ipaensis
The project takes a long view on why invasive garlic mustard plants thrive to the detriment of native species. Garlic mustard (Alliaria petiolata) is a plant native to Europe
This is necessary since they mainly feed on fruit of pepper plants from the Genus piper that grow in the understory.
and promote the growth of thorny thickets of buckthorn viburnum and multiflora rose bushes. If deer leave the forests alone such trees as cottonwood locust
Once the correct combination of enzymes was finalized researchers modified Nicotiana benthamiana an Australian plant that is closely related to tobacco plant.
and Maris Piper varieties that can completely thwart attacks from late blight. Story Source: The above story is provided based on materials by Norwich Bioscience Institutes.
The new species Lithocarpus orbicarpus is a medium to small tree with simple leaves. It can be distinguished easily by its spherical acorns covered with a dense pattern of irregularly placed scales that completely conceal the nut except for a tiny opening at the top and
which are compounds found in the tissue of broccoli and other brassica vegetables (such as cauliflower cabbage and kale).
In both Helichrysum species we found there were interactions of the main factors in almost all growth parameters;
and nut species including common apple (Malus domestica) Chinese chestnut (Castanea mollissima) European or sweet chestnut (Castanea sativa) ginkgo (Ginkgo biloba) European plum (Prunus domestica) and European pear (Pyrus communis).
and sister species Phytophthora mirabilis a pathogen that split from P. infestans around 1300 years ago to target the Mirabilis jalapa plant commonly known as the four o'clock flower.
'The researchers found that P. mirabilis evolved effectors that disable the defences of the four o'clock plant
just as P. mirabilis has evolved effectors that fit four o'clock proteases.''If we could breed plants with proteases that can detect these stealthy EPIC effectors we could prevent them from'sneaking in
One of the major indicators of human action in the rainforest is the sheer prevalence of fast-growing'weed'trees such as Macaranga Celtis and Trema.
I was particularly curious of the ecological role of this root adaptation explained Frida Piper a terrestrial ecosystem ecologist at the remote research center Centro de Investigaciã n en Ecosistemas de la
Piper designed a field study to better understand the role of cluster roots of E. coccineum across a natural precipitation and phosphorus gradient in its native habitat.
Piper found that cluster roots mediate a decoupling of foliar P from soil P concentrations for small seedlings.
The biotechnology potential of these traits is being studied now Piper says. Piper's research clarifying the mechanism of seedling establishment success for E. coccineum in conditions with limited availability of N
and P may lead to advantageous root adaptation in other plants. Piper is already exploring further research to understand how E. coccineum benefits neighbors by providing increased nutrient availability from root exudates
or leaf litter decomposition. As a result of this study nitrogen status of soil and plants in addition to phosphorus will always be included in Proteaceae studies by Piper.
Proteaceae can do something no other plant can do Piper explains. They are accessing nutrients that no other plants can access.
Story Source: The above story is provided based on materials by American Journal of Botany. Note: Materials may be edited for content and length.
including Carolina peas, raw peanuts, benne, barley and camelina, a microscopic oil seed from antiquity.
Genes that code for pheromone biosynthesis were injected into the tobacco plant Nicotiana benthamiana via bacteria cultures (pictured.
Rosa Fajardo and her daughter, Itzel Patricio, traded 15 kilos of recyclable material for four houseplants and two rounds of cheese.
And one looks at the jatropha plant, which is important in the development of biofuel,
Warrigal Greens (tetragonia tetragonoides
Bye-bye barf: whale vomit no longer necessary to make perfumesambergris-the technical term for hunks of sperm whale vomit-has long been a component in high end perfumes.
if planters of feedstocks like palm, jatropha and camelina eradicate forests and grasslands, thus releasing the CO2 stored in those natural sinks.
Neste says the blend consists 80%of camelina 15%of jatropha and 5%of animal fat and as such is environmentally responsible.
Camelina and jatropha are plants that are inedible to humans. Biofuel proponents say they can grow with relatively little water
and in some cases on poor soil that would not sustain food crops. Fuel producer Honeywell UOP says that camelina grows on fallow wheat fields
and improves yields in the fields subsequent wheat-growing years. Foe claims that the jatropha in Neste s Lufthansa mix comes from Mozambique,
and that it signals a land grab there and in other African countries. One jatropha business
Energem, had been allocated 60,000 hectares in Mozambique that was used previously for community farming and grazing land, Blake said.
A Neste spokeswoman says that Neste does not get the jatropha from Mozambique, but that it responsibly obtains it, the camelina and animal fat from Australasia, EU countries, North america, and Southeast asia.
She declined to identify specific countries. Foe biofuel campaigner Kenneth Richter added that airlines overstate the environmental friendliness of jatropha.
Although the crop can grow on degraded soil low yields mean that producers are more likely to grow it on healthy soil where it would compete against food,
The same could be true of camelina, according to the Foe position paper. By one estimate, jatropha would use up the equivalent of 35%of Germany s arable land to meet Lufthansa s 2025 biofuel target, Foe noted.
The controversy surrounding biofuel land use could settle down if researchers find more land-friendly sources. One such possible hope is algae.
Lindsay Smith It was such a loss--sidewalk-slicing ficus trees cut down in her Gardena, California,
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