Members of the National Trust (a British conservation group) discovered the young buck two weeks ago after the sheep had been moved onto a nature preserve northeast of London at Dunwich Heath according to the BBC.
which in turn limits how many berry-producing shrubs the elks consume. As a result the bears have more tasty berries to eat finds a study published today (July 29) in the Journal of Animal Ecology.
and shrub recovery and restore ecosystem health. Wolves were removed first from Yellowstone national park in the 1920s after
and willow in the park and reduced the berry-producing shrubs. Past studies showed the reintroduction of wolves in 1995 has led to willow
The grizzlies love to graze on the park's many wild berry species such as serviceberry chokecherry buffaloberry twinberry and huckleberry.
The Pilgrims brought onions with them on the Mayflower. However they found that Native americans were already using wild onions in a variety of ways:
#Is Industrial Hemp the Ultimate Energy Crop?(Op-Ed) This article was published originally at The Conversation.
Industrial hemp is said to be just that. Enthusiasts have been promoting the use of industrial hemp for producing bioenergy for a long time now.
With its potentially high biomass yield and its suitability to fit into existing crop rotations hemp could
not only complement but exceed other available energy crops. Hemp Cannabis sativa originates from western Asia and India and from there spread around the globe.
For centuries fibres were used to make ropes sails cloth and paper while the seeds were used for protein-rich food and feed.
Interest in hemp declined when other fibres such as sisal and jute replaced hemp in the 19th century.
Abuse of hemp as a drug led to the prohibition of its cultivation by the United nations in 1961.
When prohibition was revoked in the 1990s in the European union Canada and later in Australia industrially used hemp emerged again.
This time the car industry s interest in light natural fibre promoted its use. For such industrial use modern varieties with insignificant content of psychoactive compounds are grown.
Nonetheless industrial hemp cultivation is prohibited still in some industrialised countries like Norway and the USA.
Energy use of industrial hemp is limited today very. There are few countries in which hemp has been commercialised as an energy crop.
Sweden is one and has a small commercial production of hemp briquettes. Hemp briquettes are more expensive than wood-based briquettes but sell reasonably well on regional markets.
Large-scale energy uses of hemp have also been suggested. Biogas production from hemp could compete with production from maize especially in cold climate regions such as Northern europe and Canada.
Ethanol production is possible from the whole hemp plant and biodiesel can be produced from the oil pressed from hemp seeds.
Biodiesel production from hemp seed oil has been shown to overall have a much lower environmental impact than fossil diesel.
Indeed the environmental benefits of hemp have been praised highly since hemp cultivation requires very limited amounts of pesticide.
Few insect pests are known to exist in hemp crops and fungal diseases are rare. Since hemp plants shade the ground quickly after sowing they can outgrow weeds a trait interesting especially for organic farmers.
Still a weed-free seedbed is required. And without nitrogen fertilisation hemp won't grow as vigorously as is suggested often.
So as with any other crop it takes good agricultural practice to grow hemp right.
Being an annual crop hemp functions very well in crop rotations. Here it may function as a break crop reducing the occurance of pests particularly in cereal production.
Farmers interested in cultivating energy crops are often hesitant about tying fields into the production of perennial energy crops such as willow.
Due to the high self-tolerance of hemp cultivation over two to three years in the same field does not lead to significant biomass yield losses.
Small-scale production of hemp briquettes has also proven economically feasible. However using whole-crop hemp
(or any other crop) for energy production is not the overall solution. Before producing energy from the residues it is certainly more environmentally friendly to use fibres oils or other compounds of hemp.
Even energy in the fibre products can be used when the products become waste. Recycling plant nutrients to the field such as in biogas residue can contribute to lower greenhouse gas emissions from crop production.
Sustainable bioenergy production is not easy and a diversity of crops will be needed. Industrial hemp is not the ultimate energy crop.
Still if cultivated on good soil with decent fertilisation hemp can certainly be an environmentally sound crop for bioenergy production and for other industrial uses as well.
Thomas Prade receives funding from the Swedish Farmers'Foundation for Agricultural Research the EU commission the Skã¥ne Regional Council and Partnership Alnarp.
This article was published originally at The Conversation. Read the original article. The views expressed are those of the author
and do not necessarily reflect the views of the publisher. This version of the article was published originally on Livescience
#Bees'Salt-Sensing Feet Explain Swimming pool Mystery The first-ever investigation of the honeybee ability to taste with their front feet may explain a persistent bee mystery:
Why they swarm saltwater swimming pools. Saltwater swimming pools don't require chlorine or other chemicals but online home and garden forums are full of complaints about these swimming holes'dark side.
And so if we notice it at all we see that purple loosestrife is kind of pretty. Zebra mussels remain underwater
In the short term the opening in the forest floor may prove to be an easy conquest for Japanese honeysuckle
Instead the models suggest that carbon dioxide rose about 40 ppm to 285 ppm and methane jumped to 790 ppb a 345 ppb rise as early humans chopped down trees
and shrubs to flourish and these would have outgrown forbs by shading them for example Edwards said.
People should also remove tick habitat such as leaf piles shrubs and groundcover near the house.
Goblin sharks live in the deep ocean more than 200 meters 660 feet down where they would never encounter a human said Chip Cotton a fisheries ecologist at Florida State university.
Cotton notes that goblin sharks are also slow swimmers with soft flabby bodies and that while the jaws look menacing they're designed to snag squid not people.
but that's probably about the extent of damage a goblin shark could do to a human Cotton said.
Apple trees plum trees and hawthorn trees which produce small red berries all have fruit that is ripe in the fall according to the BBC.
Most convincingly closely related trees and shrubs have diverged often defences which is a sign of exploring biotic interaction niches
This change in our agricultural system has led to the near extermination of milkweed from huge swaths of our country.
Scientists now estimate that in the span of about 10 years (from 1999-2010) there has been a 60 percent decline in milkweeds across the Midwest (in both agricultural and nonagricultural areas) and an 80 percent decline in monarchs in the Midwest.
However given that the widespread adoption of Round up Ready crops has eliminated largely the monarch's most essential habitat by removing milkweeds from the landscape it's time to reconsider
Francisquito Creek California 6. South Fork Edisto River South carolina 7. White river Colorado 8. White river Washington 9. Haw River North carolina 10.
</p><p>The Haw River is in north-central North carolina and flows into the Cape Fear River
The Environmental protection agency (EPA) required the state to develop a plan to clean up the Haw but the state government has passed laws stalling the plan.</
In Victoria for instance the 5%fuel-reduction target means a given area of bush will be burnt every 20 years.
These include fire-sensitive plants habitat for endangered wildlife and areas recovering from a previous high-severity fire.
the conjunction of comet Pan STARRS (C/2011 L4) and the great galaxy Andromeda (M-31.
The Andromeda Galaxy can be seen many nights out of the year but those special times when this galaxy is adorned by a comet just about as bright as itself makes the effort well worth it and
but most B vitamins have a role in helping your body's cells to produce energy said Heather Mangieri a spokeswoman for the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics and owner of Nutrition Checkup in Pittsburgh.
It didn t take that long to find the decaying bridge now being overtaken by blackberry and multiflora rose.
Most of the slow-growing trees and shrubs munched by dinosaurs are minor players in modern forests
The dinosaur-era angiosperms included ancient relatives of holly rhododendrons and sandalwood. Other plants in the ancient forests included beeches cycads gingkoes ferns and palm trees.
Sundrop Farms now has a 0. 2 hectare greenhouse area producing 150 tonnes of tomatoes cucumbers and capsicums a year.
Canadian researchers mapped the genome of the common strain Cannabis sativa in 2011. Now the Cannabis Genomic Research Initiative led by ecologist Nolan Kane of the University of Colorado at Boulder seeks to sample DNA from multiple cannabis species. Pot's future This genetic innovation has some cannabis users
when I was looking at a clonal desert shrub in the Mojave and then talking to another botanist in South africa about a different but similar clonal desert shrub and the two had heard never of each other or their work.
And I said You guys should talk. So sometimes it's just that kind of networking.
and a face in the rocky formations on Mars. In their brain-scanning study the scientists Jiangang Liu Jun Li Lu Feng Ling Li Jie Tian
Each spot looks like a rose and are called rosettes. Jaguars are the biggest cats in The americas and the third largest cats in the world.
The trees and shrubs surrounding the Pinnacle Ridge talus slope were burned 100 percent meaning a high-temperature fire
These additives might also be modified genetically as in fact are 90 percent of the soy cotton canola corn
Use small test squares of white cotton or wool and experiment with different plant materials or even colored soils like yellow ochre or red clay.
Increased banditry illegal logging in national parks and nature reserves and a sharp increase in the hunting of lemurs as bush meat#has left them facing extinction.
Now scientists say they've found the hotspot where ancient farmers first cultivated Capsicum annuum the most common kind of chili pepper.
She noted the authors only have two data points for their map of archaeological evidence of Capsicum annum:
Hastorf also pointed out that the new research on Capsicum annuum fills in just one part of the history of domestication:
There are four other species of Capsicum that originated in South america and may have been domesticated much earlier than their Mesoamerican cousin.
While much of the delta is choked with salt-loving tamarisk (an invasive salt cedar) now conservationists hope to see more riparian habitat growing after the pulse flow:
Poo may not smell like roses but it shouldn't smell like a rotting swamp of roses either.
A truly awful-smelling bowel movement something admittedly hard to quantify in writing can be either a sign of an infection or something more serious such as Crohn's disease celiac disease or ulcerative colitis.
they only eat vegetation such as shrubs bushes and grasses. Grazing accounts for a significant part of their eating habits.
I processed the images again to extract as much shadow detail as possible from the tree bushes canyon walls and ground.
How did these 140-million-year-old shrubs eventually become vast forests? New research conducted from the top of a 131-foot-tall (40 meters) crane suggests the secret is in their leaf plumbing.
Combining mountain snow with the essence of certain plants such as jasmine and rose the Moors were making gelato long before it became popular in Italy.
But the native flavors of Sicily mulberry almond lemon blood orange and mandarin made their mark on
#As Milkweed Disappears, Monarchs are Fading away (Op-Ed) Peter Lehner is executive director of the Natural resources Defense Council (NRDC).
From 1999 to 2010 roughly the decade after glyphosate use took off milkweeds declined 60 percent in the Midwest
Without milkweed to sustain each new generation the migration will fail. Many of us are sensing the loss already.
Monarchs need milkweed and the widespread use of glyphosate is wiping it out. This knowledge gives the EPA an opportunity to muzzle a direct threat to butterflies.
Feeding bees may help them stave off illness the agency hopes particularly in an agricultural landscape dominated by corn soybean and cotton not the insects'preferred plants.
the Green Belt Movement Wangari Maathai rose to international fame in 2004 winning the Nobel Peace Prize for her contribution to sustainable development democracy and peace.
Simon Cotton does not work for consult to own shares in or receive funding from any company
The Greek historian Herodotus for example once described the Scythians'(Iranian equestrian tribes) post-funeral purification ceremony involving hemp
San Joaquin antelope ground squirrel woolly flying squirrel Sipora flying squirrel Mentawi flying squirrel Siberut flying squirrel smoky flying squirrel Vincent's bush squirrel Baja california rock squirrel Idaho
Between 1998 and 2008 the number of horses in Wolong rose from 25 to 350.
Yearlong staples of the women's diet include rice a grain called millet peanuts and cassava.
Ling Chi: People often use the term death of a thousand cuts to describe a slow decline caused by many small wounds.
In China cutting into a person's flesh and then gradually slicing off fingers ears and other body parts until they lost consciousness and bled to death was known as ling chi.
Death by ling chi was outlawed finally in China in 1905. Electrocution: In 1903 Thomas Edison demonstrated the power of electricity by attaching wires to Topsy the Elephant then throwing the switch
and vegetables are similar to allergy-causing proteins found in pollens such as ragweed birch mugwort and grasses.
George washington Carver developed 118 products from sweet potatoes including glue for postage stamps and starch for sizing cotton fabrics.
Both African and Asian buffalo will eat shrubs and trees when they can't find grass
the number rose to 90%.%We needed to start looking at the little guys, says Chazdon.
The vegetation in the region, dominated by bushes and tall eucalyptus trees, burns extremely well when dry.
it might be cassava that's able to tolerate change in temperature, and climate change.
Pests could overcome GM cotton toxins: Nature Newslaboratory studies suggest that it may be possible for insects to overcome two disparate toxins produced by genetically modified cotton.
The results strike a cautionary note at a time when developers are racing to create crops that produce many different pesticides.
One of the most common'pyramided'crops on the market is cotton that produces two different'Bt'toxins made naturally by the bacterium Bacillus thuringensis.
The researchers were studying pink bollworm (Pectinophora gossypiella) a particular nuisance in the cotton fields of the southern United states. Crops expressing Cry1ac have held thus far largely the pest at bay,
But this does not pose a threat for control by the current pyramided Bt cotton of this insect Tabashnik says.
but they were not able to survive the higher concentrations of Cry2ab found on cotton bolls produced by the pyramided transgenic cotton.
a shrub that thrives in arid conditions and whose seeds yield a diesel-like oil.
However, Bush's work-around was deemed later illegal in federal court. Polar-bear protection: The US Fish and Wildlife Service proposed on 22 october to designate around 500,000 square kilometres of critical habitat 96%of which is sea ice for the polar bear.
They have lost already the battle over Bt cotton the only GM crop grown in India
Spraying the herbicide glyphosate on coca plants is a key tool in the war on cocaine.
and his colleagues that glyphosate is the lesser evil compared with the bigger impact of coca farming,
600 women from five different regions in Colombia, in a retrospective time-to-pregnancy study that did not establish a relationship between fertility problems and the coca eradication spraying4.
Delaware) that coca cultivation was spreading and that the eradication programme was not working8. The GAO recommended that the US Congress should start pulling back funding for Colombia's military,
and should look for alternative solutions such as persuading farmers to grow crops other than coca. Despite this, a spokesman from the US state department says that the United states will support Colombia's government
because their food shrubs and trees versus grasses carries out different types of photosynthesis. The team characterized the humans'isotope ratios by taking advantage of a fluke of history,
like cotton and maize, indicating that the Nazca were cutting down woodland to make room for farms.
cassava and maize that were cultivated later in the year, says Hammond. The Liberian ministry of agriculture has contracted now Africare, a non-governmental organization,
as a result of new tree and shrub growth, the landscape warmed by at least 1 Â C. In another twist,
since its 14 december launch, including these colour-altered images of the comet Siding Spring (right) and the Andromeda galaxy.
as has happened with Bt cotton (see'Illegal seeds overtake India's cotton fields').'Indeed, Chinese farmers had been growing Bt rice for five years before receiving official government approval just four months ago,
Proposals to focus research on maize (corn), rice and wheat would be broadened to include other crops such as beans and cassava.
maize (corn) and cotton grown in the United states or about half the nation's cropland.
although one crop, a Chinese GMO cotton that is resistant to bollworm, has proved extremely useful to the population,
The total number of venture-capital deals rose to an all-time high of 180, but early-stage investment rounds showed little increase suggesting that venture-capital investors are interested in maintaining existing portfolios rather than striking out with new companies,
Nature Newsgrowing cotton that has been modified genetically to poison its main pest can lead to a boom in the numbers of other insects,
In 1997, the Chinese government approved the commercial cultivation of cotton plants genetically modified to produce a toxin from the bacteria Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) that is deadly to the bollworm Helicoverpa armigera.
More than 4 million hectares of Bt cotton are grown now in China. Since the crop was approved
covering 3 million hectares of cotton and 26 million hectares of various other crops. Numbers of mirid bugs (insects of the Miridae family), previously only minor pests in northern China, have increased 12-fold since 1997,
Their rise in abundance is associated with the scale of Bt cotton cultivation. Wu and his colleagues suspect that mirid populations increased
because less broad-spectrum pesticide was used following the introduction of Bt cotton. Mirids are not susceptible to the Bt toxin
Mirids can reduce cotton yields just as much as bollworms, up to 50%when not controlled, Wu adds.
The rise of mirids has driven Chinese farmers back to pesticides they are currently using about two-thirds as much as they did before Bt cotton was introduced.
New york, concluded that the economic benefits of Bt cotton in China have eroded2. The team attributed this to increased pesticide use to deal with secondary pests.
For example, the boll weevil was once the main worldwide threat to cotton. As farmers sprayed pesticides against the weevils,
bollworms developed resistance and rose to become the primary pest. Similarly, stink bugs have replaced bollworms as the primary pest in southeastern United states
since Bt cotton was introduced. Along with genetically modified crops, says Andow, farmers need effective systems for responding to changes in pest abundance.
and trying to reduce mirid damage to cotton by growing crops the pests prefer nearby.
Meanwhile, Chinese researchers are trying to develop cotton plants that kill both bollworms and mirids. Wu stresses,
cotton and rice 墉 and stored planting seeds, including the major staple food crop wheat.
and that it was not until the rise of vascular plants those with a circulatory system to transport nutrients in the Devonian that oxygen levels rose to near-modern values.
Many will focus on local staples such as cowpea (or black-eyed pea), cassava and sweet potato. Uganda's biosafety law has been stuck in the country's legislative system for years.
During this time, the mean temperature rose about 1. 4 Â C on the steppes and 1. 25 Â C on the lower-lying meadows.
Sterile moths wipe out cotton pest: Nature Newsbetween May and October for four consecutive years, aeroplanes crisscrossed the morning skies above Arizona's cotton fields, dropping millions of tiny moths onto the croplands below.
The little grey insects are among the world's most notorious agricultural pests: their larvae are the pink bollworms (Pectinophora gossypiella), also known as'pinkies'.
'However, the moths released from the planes were different from those responsible for the caterpillars munching their way through the state's cotton crops.
and genetically modified cotton crops, engineered to produce a toxin deadly to pinkies, would put an end to farmers'costly struggle against the caterpillars.
genetically modified cotton crops had driven already down the population one million-fold, says Tabashnik. The crops produce a toxin that is made naturally by the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis
To his surprise, the models suggested that the combination of Bt cotton and sterile-moth releases could wipe out pest populations
about 2 billion pink bollworm moths were released into Arizona's cotton fields. By 2009, a survey of 16,600 cotton bolls from conventional crops yielded only two pink bollworm larvae,
and farmers had stopped using insecticide sprays to keep the pinkie population in check. So far, no live pink bollworm caterpillars have been found in bolls of cotton this season,
says Tabashnik. The results are tremendous says entomologist William Hutchison at the University of Minnesota in St paul,
it's conceivable that farmers will someday no longer have a use for Bt cotton at all.
In Michigan, Heather Ames, the student whose work was targeted, is still hoping to finish her Phd by spring.
opting for biotech cotton. Sweden also made its first foray into commercial GM CROPS, planting the'Amflora'high-starch potato.
Funding Golden rice funds The Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation is giving US$18. 6 million to research on transgenic, nutritionally fortified rice and cassava.
The centre hopes the enhanced cassava will gain approval in Kenya and Nigeria by 2017.
Nature Newsnearly US$20 million in new grants from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation will be spent on getting nutritionally enhanced rice and cassava to market and decreasing malnourishment in Asia and Africa.
and around 70 million Africans rely on cassava. It's no surprise then, that vitamin and mineral deficiencies affect more than two billion people worldwide,
but citations of at least six of the future Nobel laureate's older papers also rose (see chart).
Heather Allison, a microbiologist at the University of Liverpool, UK, and David Acheson, a managing director for food safety at consulting firm Leavitt Partners in WASHINGTON DC, agree it is plausible that exposure to antibiotics in agricultural use
and commercial release is Bt cotton which has added genes from the Bacillus thuringiensis bacterium, making the plant produce toxins that confer resistance to some insect pests.
A Bt cotton variety is being developed for Kenyan farmers at KARI. According to the regulations it will take a minimum of three months to get the green light for environmental release after permission is sought from the authorities.
and June 2011 rose by 15%compared with the same period the season before. If that number holds up in the final analysis using higher resolution satellite data
The invertebrate, named Eoandromeda octobrachiata because its body plan resembles the spiral galaxy Andromeda, suggests that the earliest branches in the tree need to be reordered,
Ling-Ling and Hsing-Hsing in the Smithsonian National Zoological Park in WASHINGTON DC, found that 92%of the cellulose
soya and cotton with little public resistance, but EMBRAPA is now tinkering with a product that people eat in large quantities every day,
including cassava. EMBRAPA is already looking to develop other virus-resistant beans, including common black beans and the popular carioca bean.
grew 30.3 million hectares of GM soya, maize (corn) and cotton last year, a 19%increase on 2010.
such as aubergines (Solanum melongena) and peppers (Capsicum spp..They also hope it will help in the development of tomatoes that can survive pests, pathogens and even climate change,
it now flourishes unchecked alongside crops such as cotton and soya bean that are modified genetically to be glyphosate tolerant.
US research thrift Research universities in the United states need to become more efficient and more productive, a 14 Â June report from the US National Academies urges.
but also corn and cotton. It legalized the growing of GM CROPS in 2005, after it became clear that about three-quarters of the soya crops produced in the southern state of Rio grande do Sul were already being grown from Roundup Ready seeds that had been smuggled in from Argentina.
because sulphadoxine and pyrimethamine were used to treat the disease before the wormwood wonder drug artemisinin became the gold standard cure.
India has approved only one GM crop (cotton) for cultivation; GM brinjal (aubergine) was approved in 2009,
The presence of the substance is probably the result of the use of arsenic-based pesticides in cotton fields that were used later for rice farming.
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