which are one of the most diverse ecosystems on the planet. Caribbean reefs spanning a total of 38 countries are vital to the region's economy.
#Locusts harness the sun to get their optimum dietif you are a locust the most nutritious plant to eat depends on the ambient temperature.
#Rosettas comet target releases plentiful watercomet 67p/Churyumov-Gerasimenko is releasing the Earthly equivalent of two glasses of water into space every second.
not only for cometary science but also for mission planning as the Rosetta team prepares the spacecraft to become the first ever to orbit a comet (planned for August)
We always knew we would see water vapor outgassing from the comet but we were surprised at how early we detected it said Sam Gulkis principal investigator of the MIRO instrument at NASA's Jet propulsion laboratory in Pasadena California.
At this production rate comet 67p/Churyumov-Gerasimenko would fill an Olympic-size swimming pool in about 100 days.
But as the comet gets closer to the sun the gas production rate will increase.
MIRO first detected water vapor from the comet when the Rosetta spacecraft was about 217000 miles (350000 kilometers) away from it.
At the time comet 67p/Churyumov-Gerasimenko was 363 million miles (583 million kilometers) from the sun. After the initial June 6 discovery water vapor was detected also every time the MIRO instrument was pointed toward the comet.
and to determine the global gas production rate as a function of its distance from the sun. The gas production rate that MIRO determined provides scientists a measure of the evolution of the comet as it moves both toward
and then away from the sun. The gas production rate is also important to the Rosetta navigation team controlling the spacecraft as this flowing gas can alter the trajectory of spacecraft.
Our comet is coming out of its deep-space slumber and beginning to put on a show for Rosetta's science instruments said Matt Taylor Rosetta's project scientist from the European space agency's Science and Technology Centre in Noordwijk The netherlands.
when we are operating in close proximity to the comet's nucleus. Rosetta is currently about halfway between Mars
and Jupiter 261 million miles (420 million kilometers) from Earth and 354 million miles (569 million kilometers) from the sun. Comets are time capsules containing primitive material left over
from the epoch when the sun and its planets formed. By studying the gas dust
and organic materials associated with the comet via both remote and in-situ observations the Rosetta mission should be a key to unlocking the history and evolution of our solar system as well as answering questions regarding the origin of Earth's water and perhaps even life.
Rosetta will be the first mission in history to rendezvous with a comet escort it as it orbits the sun
MIRO is a small and lightweight spectrometer instrument the first of its kind launched into deep space.
Resembling a miniaturized ground-based radio telescope it was designed to study the composition velocity and temperature of gases on or near the comet's surface and measure the temperature of the nucleus down to a depth of several inches or centimeters.
and evolution of the coma and tail provides information on how the comet evolves as it approaches
and leaves the vicinity of the sun and addresses questions about why that happens. During Rosetta flybys of the asteroids (2867) Steins and (21) Lutetia in 2008 and 2010 respectively the instrument measured thermal emission from these asteroids and searched for water vapor.
MIRO is one of three U s. instruments aboard the Rosetta spacecraft. The other two are an ultraviolet spectrometer called Alice and the Ion and Electron Sensor (IES.
NASA's Deep space Network is supporting ESA's Ground Station Network for spacecraft tracking and navigation.
Hardware subsystems for MIRO were provided by the Max-Planck Institute for Solar system Research and the Laboratoire d'Etudes du Rayonnement et de la Matiere en Astrophysique of the Observatoire de Paris. The consortium also includes the Laboratoire d'Etudes Spatiales ed
Max Planck Institute for Solar system Research Go? ttingen; French National Space agency Paris; and the Italian Space agency Rome.
which is heating up at about twice the rate of the rest of the planet due to increasing greenhouse gases said CU-Boulder geological sciences Associate professor Jaelyn Eberle a study co-author.
and satellites Ozden said. We were investigating possible applications for carbon nanotubes in space when we got this result.
The effect was confirmed through molecular simulations. They showed that when multiwalled tubes impact the target the outer tube flattens hitting the inside tubes
and blue holiday to the fullest the American College of Allergy Asthma and Immunology (ACAAI) offers some star-spangled tips.
#Green spaces in cities may increase erosion of building materials such as stone, concrete and steelgreen spaces in towns
Local authorities have been encouraged to invest in green spaces which can reduce greenhouse gases cut down exposure to pollution
In the future city planners should look into the species of vegetation they plant in green spaces says Dr Tiwary.
#Green planning needed to maintain city buildingsgreen spaces in towns and cities need extra consideration as they may be damaging buildings in the area according to new research from the Universities of Southampton and Surrey.
Local authorities have been encouraged to invest in green spaces which can reduce greenhouse gases cut down exposure to pollution
In the future city planners should look into the species of vegetation they plant in green spaces says Dr Tiwary.
which animals are particularly sensitive how to prevent sun damage to the skin and how to treat a sunburned animal.
or no pigmentation is very sensitive to the sun in general. Hairless pets or pets with very short or thin fur can also be vulnerable.
For dogs and cats this applies in particular to those parts of the skin that are exposed regularly to the sun. These include the ears the bridge of the nose the skin around the eyes
and the back. â#oesome animals particularly enjoy lying on their backs to bask in the sun. This exposes the skin on their bellies
which is often hairless to the rays of the sun increasing the risk of sunburnâ#reports veterinary dermatologist Christa Horvath-Ungerbã ck.
Hairless dogs and cats are naturally more sensitive to the sun since they lack the natural sun protection fur affords.
Here too though skin pigmentation plays a role and darker animals are less vulnerable to UV rays.
Owners of vulnerable breeds should take particular care to protect their animals from the sun. Sun protection for animalsâ#oeas a rule animals should have a shady place to lie in.
Especially at midday when the sun is at its strongest and presents the greatest risk not just for the skin
Particularly sensitive animals require sun protection in the form of a waterproof sunscreen with an SPF of at least 30
â#oenot every white dog or white cat needs sunscreen or clothing to protect it from the sun
. If sun damage has occurred already though or if an animal is highly sensitive it is up to us to protect it from further damage. â#Treating sunburn in animalsif sunburn is reddened visible as warm
The affected animal will need to be protected well from the sun in future to prevent permanent damage.
 In some cases exposure to the sun can worsen an existing condition. Animals with autoimmune skin diseases must be protected carefully from the sun for example.
And areas of the skin that were covered by fur but are exposed suddenly due to hair loss such as scar tissue after an operation
and shielded as needed Damage caused by sun exposurein animals sunburn results in an acute inflammation of the skin that can cause itching
or even actual skin tumours. â#oewe sometimes see squamous cell carcinoma on the heads of white outdoor cats as the result of chronic sun exposure.
and threatening the sustainability of life on planet Earth. In Brazil the demand for alternative energy sources has led to an increase in biofuel crops.
and continuous-space reaction diffusion model for fitness-dependent dispersal where the species moves upward along its fitness gradient.
and more radiation can be reflected back into space says first author Edouard Davin. However this effect is only short term and local--perhaps at the most regional but never trans-regional.
Overall says Seneviratne no-till farming makes more sense in regions where summers are regularly very hot due to high levels of sun exposure e g. in areas around the Mediterranean.
A model allows you to explore a space you're not fully able to reach experimentally said Tarnita who uses math to understand the outcome of interactions between organisms.
In that early developmental gestational period the brain is developing synapses the spaces between neurons where electrical impulses are turned into neurotransmitting chemicals that leap from one neuron to another to pass messages along.
If the soil ends up in reservoir it limits the space for water and has to be removed by a very expensive process called dredging.
Their work is especially valuable in light of the fact that a 2006 study showed that as the planet warms poison ivy is predicted to grow faster bigger
and her colleagues have been using data from NASA's Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) satellite to track changes in land use in Mato grosso.
And while 5000-6000 IU may initially seem high it is important to remember how much the sun produces for us.
A single 15 minute whole body exposure to sun at midday in summer produces well over 10000 IU.
Most of us living in temperate latitudes got a lot more sun exposure than we do today
When you look at the patterns across both space and time and year-to-year at individual sites and when you look across different species the same patterns hold upâ#that gives us confidence that there's something going on.
and locking on to GPS satellites to establish the drone's home position. If launched properly by allowing the flight control system to orient itself with the satellites the Phantom drone will return to within 1 meter of its home position
when the operator turns the transmitter off. The Parrot drone which cost about $250 can be controlled with a smartphone
study findsforget about positioning giant mirrors in space to reduce the amount of sunlight being trapped in Earth's atmosphere
or putting reflectors in outer space ranked as the study's second least viable approach. While cloud seeding is cheap
By exploiting new molecular and genetic insights the research done in collaboration with Pierre de Wit from Wageningen Agricultural University in The netherlands provides a better understanding of the defense system of crop plants against the damaging pathogens that grow in the spaces between plant cells.
and describes a new concept describing how plants protect themselves against the pathogens that grow in the space outside plant cells (the apoplast)--a new concept called effector-triggered defense or ETD.
--i e. those foliar fungal pathogens that get into the leaf of the plant to exploit the space between its cells known as the apoplast to retrieve nutrients from the plant.
Billups and Yanqiu Sun a former postdoctoral researcher in his lab witnessed the interesting effect
and sun increasing the risk of wildfires spreading inside the forest. The combination of selective logging and wildfires damages turns primary forests into a thick scrub full of smaller trees and vines which stores 40%less carbon than undisturbed forests.
Oldani and other student team members recently traveled to Washington D c. to showcase their project at the EPA's 10th annual National Sustainable Design Expo for the People Prosperity and the Planet competition.
and protect the planet. It is important that Kansas State university students pursue sustainable projects because it is not only good for the environment
a miniscule skeleton shrimp from Santa catalina Island in California a single-celled protist that does a credible imitation of a sponge a clean room microbe that could be a hazard during space travel and a teensy fringed fairyfly named Tinkerbell.
Florida U s a. and French guiana There are some things we don't want to send into space and the newly discovered clean room microbes are among them.
Found in rooms where spacecraft are assembled this microbial species could potentially contaminate other planets that the spacecraft visit.
Valdecasas concluded by conjuring an image of a human who had arrived on Mars with a one-way ticket.
At some point that space traveler would begin pining for the flowers and animals of home the smell of spring and the sound of running water.
or a valley wall heated by the sun and the fluid was the air passing over it;
As a result fog is important in shielding the buds from the sun and helping them accumulate winter chill.
large teams of scientists confronting the dilemma of a changing climate on a shrinking planet.
Each mature tree after all needs sufficient space and nutrition for its development and will therefore be able to survive only at an appropriate distance to its neighbour.
If society aggressively controlled carbon dioxide emissions but ignored methane emissions the planet would warm to the dangerous 1. 5 to 2. 0 Degree celsius threshold within 15 to 35 years.
It is important to understand the other 99 percent of biodiversity that once inhabited the planet
and stabilize a space while natural tissue grows to replace it. The new material detailed in the American Chemical Society journal Biomacromolecules takes the state of the art a few steps further Rice scientists said.
That process known as syneresis defeats the purpose of defining the space doctors hope to fill with new tissue.
and potentially cool a warming planet. The tree-ring study suggests that Arctic trees might not grow as much
A fern that can take sun or shade in a continually wet area is the Sensitive fern.
While climate change certainly is a global challenge as greenhouses-gases from the use of fossil fuels disturb ecosystems worldwide the impacts vary widely over space and time.
From the perspective of the birds these things are from Mars. Knutie says the flies now infest all land birds there including most of the 14 species of Darwin's finches two
Existing satellite maps of the area have estimated trees'carbon content based largely on their height
Satellites can't see species but species really matter for carbon. This is the big challenge for the next generation of satellite and field scientists.
New satellites will be launched soon that will be more sensitive to forest structure and biomass but we must ensure we have sufficient ecological ground data to correctly interpret
and use them. Story Source: The above story is provided based on materials by University of Edinburgh.
NASA satellites showa new analysis of NASA satellite data shows Africa's Congo rainforest the second-largest tropical rainforest in the world has undergone a large-scale decline in greenness
Scientists use the satellite-derived greenness of forest regions as one indicator of a forest's health.
These changes in available water were detected in part with NASA satellites including the NASA/JAXA Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission NASA's Quick Scatterometer (Quikscat) and NASA's Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment
Story Source The above story is provided based on materials by NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center. Note:
The above story is provided based on materials by NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center. Note: Materials may be edited for content and length h
and distribution limiting the types of products sold restricting marketing efforts and restricting consumption in public spaces.
Until the next asteroid slams into Earth the future of all known life hinges on people more than on any other force Daily said.
when the first President bush signed with other countries that climate change was an issue for the planet said Rice who added that this latest report is one of a series that has come out every seven years.
and space said Fiona Marshall Phd professor of anthropology at Washington University in St louis. It is not representative of the practices of the Neolithic herders who first domesticated animals nor--for that matter--of contemporary herders in nonindustrial societies.
and switching to a variety of coffee called Robusta that tolerates full sun. Robusta is a lower-quality coffee than the other major variety sold around the world Arabica.
Full sun coffee plantations often result in deforestation loss of biodiversity and soil depletion while leaving communities more vulnerable to flooding and landslides.
but these same types of changes in immune response are found to occur in healthy crew members during spaceflight.
Based upon anecdotal evidence crews report that having plants around from previous space studies was very comforting
This study will emphasize the focus on human habitability in space since growing food in space may greatly improve long-duration spaceflight.
Veggie can support a variety of studies used to determine how plants sense and respond to gravity.
or to an asteroid or Mars. The Veggie unit's growth volume will be the largest volume available to date for plant growth on the space station
The cameras are enclosed in a temperature-specific case and exposed to the harsh radiation of the space environment.
Analysis of the effect of space on the video quality during the HDEV operational period may help engineers determine the best types of commercially available cameras to use on future missions.
Some investigations will be enjoyed for years to come like the fresh veggies that one day will be grown in space for future crews to eat as they explore beyond Earth's orbit.
The new study includes both those factors as well as nitrogen availability in an analysis synthesizing data from 92 forests in different climate zones on the planet.
#Cool climate, clean planet: Research suggests cooling action will clean airever-rising greenhouse gas emissions
If we take action to cool the planet we can also expect the added benefit of cleaner air particularly in China says Professor Edgar Hertwich from the Norwegian University of Science and Technology.
And as an industrial ecologist like Hertwich will tell you price is everything in determining the kinds of choices we will make to either protect the planet's climate
so save the planet. A menu for actionin its own words the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) is the leading international body for the assessment of climate change.
The world's scientists have calculated a carbon budget for the planet which tells us how much CO2 we can put into the atmosphere before we reach concentrations above which we will unacceptably warm the planet.
#Green space keeps you from feeling blueif you start feeling better as spring begins pushing up its tender shoots you might be living proof of a trend discovered in data from the Survey of the Health of Wisconsin:
The more green space in the neighborhood the happier people reported feeling. Across neighborhoods of Wisconsin from the North Woods to the cities the results are striking says Dr. Kristen Malecki assistant professor of population health sciences at the UW School of medicine and Public health.
Higher levels of green space were associated with lower symptoms of anxiety depression and stress. The study published recently in the International Journal of Environmental Research
The hollow spaces are filled with one of two chemicals: hydrogen peroxide or manganese dioxide. The two separate films are stuck then on top of each another.
The result is a snapshot of how the entire Tree of Life of birds is distributed on the planet
Mapping where distinct species are on the planet also gives insight into which areas and countries steward disproportionate amounts of bird evolution.
#Mercury contamination threatens Antarctic birdsmercury contamination in the Antarctic and Subantarctic affects bird populations reveal researchers from the Centre d'Etudes Biologiques de Chizã and from the'Littoral Environnement et Sociã tã s'Laboratory (CNRS/Universitã de
Ultimately Kanan would like to see a scaled-up version of the catalytic cell powered by electricity from the sun wind or other renewable resource.
The recent rains coupled with the sun has caused a huge growth spurt in the trees
and joint space width was measured by x-ray to evaluate OA progression. Subjects included 888 men and 1260 women who had follow-up at 12 24 36 and 48 months As the intake of milk increased from none to less than 3 4-6
and more than 7 (8 oz) glasses per week the joint space width in women also decreased by 0. 38mm 0. 29mm0. 29mm and 0. 26mm respectively.
No association between milk consumption and joint space width decrease was reported in men. Our findings indicate that women who frequently drink milk may reduce the progression of OA concludes Dr. Lu.
and in space as the proportion of vegetation diminishes from upstream of the study area where flooded forests dominate to downstream where the majority of the lakes are found.
#NASAS OCO-2 brings sharp focus on global carbonsimply by breathing humans have played a small part in the planet-wide balancing act called the carbon cycle throughout our existence.
OCO-2 will not be the first satellite to measure carbon dioxide but it's the first with the observational strategy precision resolution
NASA monitors Earth's vital signs from land air and space with a fleet of satellites and ambitious airborne and ground-based observation campaigns.
and computer analysis tools to see better how our planet is changing. The agency shares this unique knowledge with the global community
and protecting our home planet. For more information about NASA's Earth science activities in 2014 visit:
but using 13 percent less water and reflecting 34 percent more radiation back into space by breeding for slightly different leaf distribution angles and reflectivity.
and colleagues found preferring a sagebrush steppe environment featuring very little human development and dwarf sagebrush (Artemisia arbuscula A. nova or A. tripartita) but not cheatgrass or other nonnative plants.
and at the University of California Davis. The project was funded by the peanut industry through the Peanut Foundation and by MARS Inc. and three Chinese academies (Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural
and use photographs from the field and satellites. Two other Amazon resources--fisheries and forests--are important to the livelihood of the people of the region.
Observatory and the NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies. Even if precipitation changes in the future are uncertain there are good reasons to be concerned about water resources.
and supporting urban green spaces it is critical to protect the viability of urban community gardens
Research in 2013 led by Joanna Joiner of NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt Md. demonstrated that fluorescence from plants could be teased out of data from existing satellites
Guanter Joiner and Frankenberg launched their collaboration at a 2012 workshop hosted by the Keck Institute for Space Studies at the California Institute of technology in Pasadena to explore measurements of photosynthesis from space.
Challenges remain in estimating the productivity of fragmented agricultural areas not properly sampled by current space-borne instruments.
and in combination with data from other upcoming satellites such as NASA's Soil Moisture Active Passive scheduled for launch later this year.
The above story is provided based on materials by NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center. Note: Materials may be edited for content and length.
By 2070 there will be many more of us on this planet. Diets high in meat milk cheese
The above story is provided based on materials by NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center. Note: Materials may be edited for content and length.
It is important day to remind us to save our planet as it is the only one we know which has trees says Tony Simons the Director General of the World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF.
or trying to fall pregnant and taking a folic acid supplement may be at risk of reducing their folate benefit through sun exposure a new QUT study has warned.
of sun exposure accounted up to a 20 per cent reduction in folate levels. This is concerning as the benefits of folic acid are well-known with health professionals urging young women to take a folic acid supplement prior to
Professor Kimlin said the study which was the first to investigate the effects of sun exposure on folate levels in women of childbearing age found women who had high levels of sun exposure had folate levels below those recommended for women considering pregnancy.
and 3pm with little sun protection Professor Kimlin said. These were the women who had the highest levels of sun exposure
and the lowest levels of folate whilst not deficient in folate they were on the lower side of normal.
The expansion of the Lone Star State's distilleries is limited not to vodka either. Right now there are more than 25 distilleries in the state of Texas
And more than 273 wineries have cropped up in the Lone Star State according to Stephens. In their vodka-tasting study 50 men
or other green spaces a combination of commonly-grown garden plants from all around the globe will help support our urban bumblebees for future generations.
and dead wood changes the colors in a satellite optical image. The researchers then scaled up their techniques so they could be applied to satellite and airborne data for parts of the Amazon with no corresponding ground data.
EMBRAPA Satellite Monitoring Center Campinas Brazil; National Institute for Research in Amazonia Manaus Brazil; EMBRAPA Eastern Amazonia Santarã m Brazil;
National Institute for Space Research (INPE) SãO Josã dos Campos Brazil; the Missouri Botanical garden Oxapampa Peru;
and the Carnegie Institute for Science Stanford Calif. NASA monitors Earth's vital signs from land air and space with a fleet of satellites and ambitious airborne and ground-based observation campaigns.
and computer analysis tools to better see how our planet is changing. The agency shares this unique knowledge with the global community
and protecting our home planet. For more information about NASA's Earth science activities in 2014 visit:
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