And each would fit on a truck to be positioned at sites around the world. The great thing about the atmosphere is it's a good mixer,
They then compare the sequence they have with a database of animals and plants. If it matches something in the database
they've got an answer. So if a fillet says it's salmon, Birck can compare that DNA with the salmon barcode."
they can build a good database to use. Since its inception, scientists have come up with all sorts of creative applications for DNA barcoding in the commercial and academic world.
Now, Herbert oversees that repository, called Barcode of Life database, where the database of what different species'CO1 genes look like is kept.
Right now, there are 112,547 animal species in the database, and almost 43,000 plant, fungi and other types of organisms.
Researchers like Birck doesn't often run into problems finding what he needs in the database
many more samples need to be added to the database. Herbert and his group have enlisted biologists all over the world to incorporate barcoding into their fieldwork to keep the database growing.
The hope is that all collaborators will barcode five million specimens representing 500 000 species by 2015.
The more samples they have in the database the more scientists can hope to use the technique to barcode everything from a whole environment to a cup of seawater.
In August, two more were found using images from Google earth. Radar has even been used, famously uncovering vast new areas of the vast Cambodian temple complex Angkor Wat.
software can begin to build up a picture of the machine's surroundings. Â Using it in combination with GPS and other location technologies,
Software can then be used to remove the points above the ground, according to University of Alabama archaeologist Dr Sarah Parcak,
but has used Lidar at other sites. This leaves a detailed"digital elevation  model of the hidden forest floor with the ability to pick out features as small as 20cm across."
hand-created maps of their site with an unexpected level of exactitude. But what really astounded them was the amount of detail they had seen never before.
Previously, they had mapped around 3. 5 sq km of agricultural terraces on the site. The Lidar revealed more than 150 sq km more.
11 new waterways, more than 60 caves as well as clues that suggest there could be up to 1400 water reservoirs on the site.
Overnight it changed archaeologists'perception of the site from a rarely-inhabited ceremonial center to a bustling city with a complex system of agriculture to support it.
Population estimates of The americas at the time of European contact have been steadily increasing over the past decades as archaeologists have slowly found new sites and dug over existing ones.
if we are interested in understanding sites, not just discovering them. Â To really understand a site,
you need boots on the ground, they say. These are arguments that the Lidar community are familiar with,
Both the Chases and Fisher teams admit that cruising over the tree-tops in a plane does not totally supplant the need to get up close and personal with a site.
It also allows sites to be mapped quickly, allowing them to be preserved from looters and development.
living on site, hiring workers, provisioning the dig and the thousand other misfortunes that an expedition to the jungle can encounter.
as with all developments in computing, Fisher expects to see that cost continue to fall and its use to sky rocket."
Other targets include Sri lanka, India and other sites around Southeast asia. They also believe it could begin to be used to find sites such as ancient harbours
currently covered by water.""I suspect that, as we examine Lidar for different places, we're going to wind up finding things in different places that we would not have thought to try to find,
And that meant using the tool many Kenyan farmers already held in their hands-a cell phone.
It allows farmers using low-end phones to receive information via SMS, in English and Swahili, on growing 20 different crops.
Hopefully it can set up a network between farmers themselves Laugharn says. That's the fastest way to spread a new idea or new uptake of technology.
when smart phones replace feature phones as the best selling phones in Africa and what happens when data networks become more reliable across the continent?
 We should all be thinking about what's down the curve, Laugharn says. And that's exactly what Rachel Zedeck of Backpack Farms is doing.
The company is in the final phase of launching an Android app that Zedeck calls a farming Bible.
The app will cost $1. 25 as a kind of starter kit with information on two crops.
The full app priced at $4. 25, will have information on 26 crops, including nine indigenous ones.
Zedeck says that they hope to also sell the new Kuza Doctor tool in conjunction with an Android phone for around $75.
That cost will include both the phone and the content for one year. Â Future updates to the app, Zedeck says,
will focus on providing small business training to farmers. There will also be a feature that allows farmers to take
there will be a tablet version of the app as well eventually. All that will require funding, of course.
with apps carrying adverts for products likely to appear to famers. But until that happens, she has been forced to use her own funds oe including selling her house oe to get the company up and running.
Ëoehidden from view'But even if the team find a sequence of DNA that has no match in the world's databases,
The modified design incorporates a wireless device that can send employees text messages about the amount of milk in the tank,
the characters leapt from the screen in a way he had experienced never.""It was just literally like a whole new dimension of sight.
"Just like teachers are figuring out how to use ipad technology better to keep the kids engaged,
Communities may lose their land, houses and culturally important sites such as ancestral burial grounds, or a landscape that carries strong meaning for them.
for example, may find a few hours later that those sites are high and dry with the eggs desiccated.
Economic gaini've visited several controversial dam sites around the world, and for all of them, the tension has been between the national economic advantage offered by the dam oe often by selling the power to international neighbours,
work which ultimately led to the first computers. Â It also helps that over the years the layers of secrecy
Turing is described now regularly as being the"father  of computing. Or of computing science.
Or artificial intelligence. Sometimes all three. As the only name most of us are familiar with among the code-breakers at Bletchley Park,
 And the claims about Turing being the big daddy of computing and artificial intelligence are even more questionable:
(and a few mothers) and even without his considerable input does anyone really think we would not have computers very similar to the ones we now use?
Some water-pipes are sold with mouthpieces containing cotton filters or a plastic mesh. This does result in smaller bubbles,
or liable for any diagnosis made by a user based on the content of this site.
The BBC is not liable for the contents of any external internet sites listed nor does it endorse any commercial product
or advised on any of the sites. Always consult your own GP if you're in any way concerned about your health
In the age of the internet it is waking up the idea of people power: the combined forces of thousands of ordinary connected volunteers can help collect
I think crowdsourcing could almost be more important than the development of the Web, Â says Ben Segal,
who would go on to invent the World wide web.""Citizen science  is not a new concept.
So-called"volunteer computing  projects have expanded rapidly since the launch of Seti@Home in 1999, a program that still uses the power of millions of ordinary computers in screen-saver mode to help search for signs of intelligent life in the universe.
Tapping into aspects of computer processing power, such as recharging modes, and making use of previously wasted"cycles Â,
desktops or laptops from people scattered worldwide can band together to mimic the number-crunching power of a supercomputer.
By the end of the last decade several projects were using volunteer computing power for solving complex problems,
There is even a site (scistarter. com) devoted to the growing popularity of citizen science, where people can discover,
rather than passively allowing their idle computer to do the grunt work.""Their feeling is that science is too important to be left to scientists alone,
so more and more sophisticated hardware can be placed in citizen's hands. One project the CCC supports oe the"Quake Catcher Network Â
or QCN as it is known  oe epitomizes the trend towards ever-smaller, more nimble devices, based upon the latest chips.
A customized external motion-detecting device with a USB plug turns peoples'ordinary desktops into automated earthquake detectors.
Connect computers via the internet to a centralized system, or server, and you now have a wide-ranging system that maps an earthquake's aftermath.
The network has been tested in the San francisco bay Area, and sensors were sent to New zealand following the earthquake in September 2010 to learn more about the occurrence of"aftershocks  oe which are almost as dangerous as the main event itself.
In November last year researchers at Taiwan's Academia Sinica set up a server to monitor the quake-prone island that lies between the Eurasian and Philippine sea Plates.
The sensors were developed by Elizabeth Cochran of the US Geological Survey and Jesse Lawrence of Stanford university an currently cost between $60 and $200 per sensor, a fraction of the cost of professional seismometers
Smartphones are ideal for the task, as they already have built-in motion-detectors, gyroscopes, accelerometers,
By summer 2012 QCN expects to release an app that turns your Android smartphone into a pocket-sized earthquake sensor.
000 sensor-equipped phones to places where a fault-line has slipped just. Some of the hardware being adopted in other citizen science projects also hail from unexpected origins.
A major advance in scientific computing came from the development of superfast 3d Graphics Processing Units (GPUS) to run video games on Sony's Playstation 3 console.
GPUS can do 10 times more than an ordinary chip. Consequently, Dave Anderson, founder of the open-source software platform BOINC,
foresees volunteer computing at an"exascale  level oe about 1, 000,000, 000, 000,000, 000 calculations per second oe 100 times more powerful than today's top supercomputers.
Gaming for gainthe scientific benefits of volunteer computing can be enormous, and consequently there are a host of efforts looking to capitalise on people's unused processing power.
For example, malariacontrol. net simulates the spread of the disease on computer oe helping governments decide how to invest most effectively on, for instance, bednets versus vaccines.
In 2005, The swiss Tropical and Public health Institute's 40-strong office computers struggled to run the enormous numbers of epidemiological simulations needed to get"real-world  results.
After turning to volunteer computing they now have the computing power of up to 15,000 desktops working simultaneously.
Nicolas Maire, a researcher for the organization, estimates that this figure is the equivalent of a single desktop computer operating between 800 and 1, 000 years."
"Realistically, it would have been unfeasible to do in any other way, Â he admits. But it is not all serious work.
Some of the most successful volunteer computing approaches have their roots in the world of gaming.
Designers and software engineers are taking algorithms and game design principles and using them to solve longstanding scientific puzzles that require complex computer calculations.
The programs they are creating encourage volunteers to donate spare processing power by turning it into an online game where people compete
and fold digital versions of protein molecules on their computer screens. Building the protein components needed for life involves a complex set of machinery in our cells translating information encoded in our genes into a sequence of amino acids,
and so it is always a challenge for computers to figure out which of the many possible structures is the best one.
Finding them has been beyond the scope of computer algorithms. But earlier this month, researchers published a study where gamers outsmarted the best computers oe they made the best possible DNA sequence match between up to eight species at a time.
Active citizensdespite these notable successes, CCC's Grey is quick to point out that volunteer computing does not provide a universal solution."
"There are certain problems you can crack with a supercomputer that would be hopeless with volunteer computing,
 he says. Supercomputers are suited best for problems where thousands of processors must communicate with each other
and swap data frequently during a calculation, according to Grey. Volunteer computing works best on easily shared problems that are divisible into digestible pieces that can be worked on in any order at any time.
That said, the successes highlight how much volunteers want more of an active role in citizen science.
and that volunteer computing seems to attract a lot of retired scientists and teachers, as well as people with a degree in science who wound up doing some other job."
"The advantage is that it can be self-policing, much like the original Wikipedia. Â Getting extremebut the deepest forests of the Congo Basin may provide a glimpse of where citizen science could be heading.
Headed by computer scientist and geographer Muki Haklay and anthropologist Jerome Lewis the idea is to allow any community, regardless of their literacy to start, run,
"The importance of smartphones as scientific instruments cannot be underestimated in this context: GPS provides accurate time and good location;
phone pictures provide location and timestamps (which are unlikely to be tampered by nonliterate and technically challenged users),
CCC's Grey points out that with only 40%of the population of China hooked up to the internet so far,
with the support of IBM's World Community Grid, set up Computing for Clean Water to use computing power from more than 50,000 volunteers to virtually design better low-cost, low-pressure water filters,
and every second another Chinese person joins the Internet for the first time oe and all of them could potentially donate computing time on their laptop or tablet or phone,
 he says.""So, when someone says there are just not enough possible volunteer computers out there,
I say that at one new Chinese internet user per second, don't worry. Â If you would like to comment on this video
or anything else you have seen on Future, head over to our Facebook page or message us on Twitter
and powerful computers can stitch them into a genome sequence. Scientists published a 80%complete version of the mammoth genome in 2008
 Tablets gain groundbut this submissive attitude disappeared in the 1960s, to be replaced by one of techno-utopianism, driven by the glamour and excitement of the space race.
By developing on so-called brownfield sites of contaminated land and building upward rather than out into fields
Last years cherry was a giant rubber ball about 6 feet in length. oeit had some issues in the Wind rose told AOL News. oewere on the Great lakes,
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#Hunger Pains Wearing Food a New Fashion Trend Artichoke heart gown Just when you thought that you had eaten enough for the next month we bring you Hunger Pains.
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#15 Most Bizarre Brain Experiments If the brain is a supercomputer these would be its hacks.
with the California Institute of technology, figured out how to let users oethink images on and off of a computer screen.
the day will come when even your dreams arent safe from spying eyes. http://foreign. peacefmonline. com/tech/201010/98495. php 2. Hyperscanning Brain Experiment:
citing issue with the resulting creature being oetoo human. http://www. msnbc. msn. com/id/10441350/ns/health-cloning and stem cells 8. Robot powered by rats brain in bizarre British experiment
since human brains and marmoset brains are completely different. http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Cambridge university primates http://www. humanecharities. org. au/experiments/marmosets. html 11.
#Angry Birds Unlikely Pop-Culture Craze Goes From Cellphone Screen to Mainstream Fans celebrate Angry Birds Day It may sound like a tough sell:
and perhaps the first to make the leap from cellphone screens to the mainstream. Angry Birds, in which the birds seek revenge on the egg-stealing pigs,
but are now carrying sophisticated game machines in their pockets smartphones. Software developers eager to become the next Rovio,
are creating so-called casual games for this crowd, games that are easy to learn and hard to stop playing.
A photo of the cake ricocheted around the Web. oerequests from people who want one have been pouring in on Twitter and via e-mail
Rovio worked with the Web service Meetup. com to help organize the gatherings in New york
The paid version for the iphone, which costs 99 cents in the United states, has brought in more than $8 million in revenue;
Apple said last week that it was the best-selling iphone app of 2010. The free version for phones running Googles Android software should produce $1 million a month in advertising revenue by the end of the year,
Rovio says. Peter Vesterbacka, Rovios head of business development in North america, said the game was born
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#Who Are Anonymous? oehello World. We are Anonymous. What you do or do not know about us is irrelevant.
So begins a recent manifesto sent to various blogs and news sources by Anonymous, talking about their support for Wikileaks.
A loosely-organized collective of people currently seeking to assist the spread of Wikileaks information by harassing the websites of those who refuse to cooperate with them,
They are affiliated loosely with 4chan and other smaller oechan boards (like 7chan, 2chan and 711chan) due to these sites anonymous posting feature,
Bloggers and mainstream news sites often pick up information once it gets posted to Reddit. For example
whereas a few years ago only a few niche blogs covered the site. Senior editor Nick Douglas was one of the first journalists to discuss Anonymous
They overloaded his website bringing it down. Some Anons seem to have a distaste for actual racism,
Chris Forcandanonymous helped catch an internet child predator by reporting information to the police in 2007.
By this time, Anonymous began to see themselves as a group of internet vigilantes fighting for assorted noble causes, rather than a band of merry pranksters.
They fought against internet censorship in Australia early this year, and more recently they launched Operation Payback,
an effort to punish companiesand individuals attempting to fight internet piracy. The current attacks related to Wikileaks are performed under the same banner.
Because they arent identifiable, any joker with an internet connection can claim to be leading the charge against something in the name of Anonymous.
Ultimately most members of Anonymous seek to fight internet censorship. They generally cant do much other than harass
The Internet is the last bastion of freedom in this evolving technical world. The Internet is capable of connecting us all.
When we are connected we are strong. When we are strong we have power. When we have power we are able to do the impossible.
LOIC basically turns your computers network connection into a firehose of garbage requests, directed towards a target web server.
On its own, one computer rarely generates enough TCP, UDP, or HTTP requests at once to overwhelm a web server-garbage requests can easily ignored
while legit requests for web pages are responded to as normal. But when thousands of users run LOIC at once, the wave of requests become overwhelming,
often shutting a web server (or one of its connected machines, like a database server) down completely,
or preventing legitimate requests from being answered. LINK Share Thissubscribedel. icio. usfacebookredditstumbleupontechnorati c
#1 Million Sign Petition to Halt Approval of GMOS Just say no to GMOS Theres a unique initiative built into the new EU constitutional treaty,
called the oeeuropean citizens initiative. It allows a million or more people to join together, in the form of a petition,
to ask the governing body to change legislation. And guess what the first test run for the initiatives efficacy is going to be?
it has sent indubitably a powerful message to the EUS governors and beyond. via Treehugger Share Thissubscribedel. icio. usfacebookredditstumbleupontechnorati p
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#Colorado Struggles to Create First Pot Regulations Samples of marijuana are tested in an oven at Full Spectrum Laboratories in Denver.
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#South korea Training Children as Dementia Supporters in One of the Worlds Fastest Aging Countries High school students in Seoul, South korea assist a woman with dementia at a nursing home.
What did I do with my phone? Its in the refrigerator, said one instructor, explaining memory loss. oehave you seen someone like that?
And a government dementia database allows families to register relatives and receive iron-on identification numbers.
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#Pumpkin pie: Delicious and Good for Facials Lets moosh it up all over! If youre too stuffed to eat your Thanksgiving leftovers this weekend,
For starters, Cox told AOL News that pumpkin in its many forms, works wonders as a oenatural exfoliant, making it a useful ingredient in any facial. oethe enzymes
According to the website, oethe Turnip Prize is a crap art competition. You can enter anything you like,
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#Study: Wifi Makes Trees Sick City trees are becoming sick from wireless radiation from local area networks and mobile phones.
Radiation from Wi-fi networks is harmful to trees, causing significant variations in growth, as well as bleeding and fissures in the bark, according to a recent study in The netherlands.
Radiation from Wi-fi networks is harmful to trees, causing significant variations in growth, as well as bleeding and fissures in the bark, according to a recent study in The netherlands.
All deciduous trees in the Western world are affected, according to the study by Wageningen University. The city of Alphen aan den Rijn ordered the study five years ago after officials found unexplained abnormalities on trees that couldnt be ascribed to a virus or bacterial infection.
Besides the electromagnetic fields created by mobile-phone networks and wireless LANS, ultrafine particles emitted by cars
Trees placed closest to the Wi-fi radio demonstrated a oelead-like shine on their leaves that was caused by the dying of the upper and lower epidermis of the leaves.
The study also found that Wi-fi radiation could inhibit the growth of corn cobs. The researchers urged that further studies were needed to confirm the current results
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#Plants and Animals Fending Off Diseases! This is a plant nothing touches! Contrary to long-held beliefs, plants and animals have developed remarkably similar mechanisms for detecting microbial invasions.
which mechanisms have remained the same. more via scineceadily. com Share Thissubscribedel. icio. usfacebookredditstumbleupontechnorati u
#Sharks and Wolves: Prey Interactions Similar On land and in Oceans major predators help control the populations of their prey
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#Treegreetings The ecard That Plants a Tree Featured invention at the Davinci Inventor Showcase Treegreetings...
Your True Nature has over 150 eco-friendly gifts in their web store all printed on recycled paper
The fact that the whole process and purchase is paperless (except for printing off your certificate
says Bengt O. Bengtsson. more via sciencedaily Share Thissubscribedel. icio. usfacebookredditstumbleupontechnorati h
#Planting Climate Friendly Crops Could Help Offset the Effects of Global Warming Climate friendly crops reflect sunlight Planting climate friendly crops that reflect sunlight could help offset the effects of global warming,
A global climate computer simulation was used to assess the potential for planting crops with high reflectivity.
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#How To Make Your Own Flavored Vodka Bacon flavored vodka? You bet. The act of flavoring or oeinfusing vodka yourself is not difficult
he would rather flip open his laptop in his room to watch the lecture, streamed live over the campus network.
On a recent morning, as Mr. Patels two roommates slept with covers pulled tightly over their heads,
But it also raises questions that go to the core of a colleges mission: Is it possible to learn as much
and watch through a computer. Across the country, online education is exploding: 4. 6 million students took a college-level online course during fall 2008, up 17 percent from a year earlier, according to the Sloan Survey of Online Learning.
She said an advantage of the Internet is that students can stop the lecture and rewind when they do not understand something.
and students join a virtual classroom once a week using a conferencing software called Wiziq. oehi, everyone, welcome to Week 9. Hello!
her laptop open on the dining room table. As Dr. Joos lectured, a chat box scrolled with students comments and questions.
which Dr. Joos defined as oea determination made through the application of socially agreed upon biological criteria for classifying persons as females and males.
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