and contribute to a more sustainable food system worldwide.</</p><p>In addition to aiding farmers and food systems the program called Feed the Future will also increase the biodiversity of goat breeds across the world making it a true win-win.
For Papadum and the San Clemente goat breed of which he is a part with a global population of just over 600 this opportunity is especially exciting.
Two Arapawa bucks on pasture at SVF Foundation in Newport R i. This critically endangered breed is a close genetic link to the now extinct Olde English goats.
#World's Oldest Wine cellar Fueled Palatial Parties Israel isn't particularly famous for its wine today
but four thousand years ago during the Bronze age vineyards in the region produced vintages that were prized throughout the Mediterranean and imported by the Egyptian elite.
Last summer archaeologists discovered a rare time capsule of this ancient drinking culture: the world's oldest known wine cellar found in the ruins of a sprawling palatial compound in Upper Galilee.
Whatever happened no one came to salvage the 40 wine jars inside after the collapse; luckily for archaeologists the cellar was left untouched for centuries.
biomarkers of wine and herbal additives that were mixed into the drink including mint cinnamon and juniper.
The team eventually turned up 39 more jars inside a room measuring about 16 feet by 26 feet (5 m by 8 m). All together the vessels would have held around 528 gallons (2000 liters) of wine
and the cellar was located conveniently next to a banquet hall. What we have is quite substantial 40 jars
But it's still a lot of wine they must have thrown large parties. The Holy land: 7 Amazing Archaeological Finds What's in the wine The residue from all 32 jars sampled in the study contained tartaric acid one of the main acids in wine.
In all but three jars the researchers found syringic acid a marker of red wine. The absence of syringic acid in those three jars may indicate that they contained some of the earliest examples of white wine
which got its start later than red wine Koh said. The researchers found signatures of pine resin which has powerful antibacterial properties
and was added likely at the vineyard to help preserve the wine. Scientists also found traces of cedar which may have come from wooden beams used during the wine-pressing process.
The researchers noticed that the cellar's simplest wines those with only resin added were typically found in the jars lined up in a row against the wall near the outdoor entrance to the room.
But the wines with the more complex additives were generally found in jars near a platform in the middle of the cellar
and two narrow rooms leading to the banquet hall next door. Koh and colleagues believe the wine would have been brought from the countryside into the cellar where a wine master would have mixed in honey and herbs like juniper and mint before a meal.
As for the taste Koh said the ancient booze may have resembled modern retsina a somewhat divisive Greek wine flavored with pine resin described by detractors as having a note of turpentine.
Koh said he and his colleagues usually hear two different kinds of remarks about the ancient wine:
Some say I would love to drink this wine while others say It must have tasted just like vinegar with twigs in it.)
While the wine wouldn't be what drinkers are used to today the jars at Tel Kabri likely contained some the finest vintages of the day Koh said.
If the Egyptian kings and pharaohs wanted wine from this area it must have been quite good Koh said.
Recreating old wine from lost grapes Based on the fabric of the clay jars the researchers said the wine came from the local region
though they're still trying to pinpoint where the supplying vineyards may have been located. The scientists do know that one of the most famous vineyards of antiquity the Bethanath estate got its start about 1000 years later just 9 miles (15 km) away from Tel Kabri.
Koh and colleagues are also hoping DNA tests reveal what kind of grapes were used which may interest not only archaeologists but also current wine producers.
The Islamic conquest of the 7th century put an end to much of the region's wine culture.
It wasn't until the 19th century that Upper Galilee's vineyards experienced a revival largely thanks to Baron Edmond de Rothschild who imported grapes from Bordeaux France that still form the basis of much of Israel's wine culture today Koh said.
But these grapes are perhaps not the best varieties for the region's climate. It's fascinating that grapes originally came from this general region
but in Israel they're growing grapes that over many centuries have acclimated to the Atlantic coast of France said Koh.
So if we can get DNA from our wine cellar we'll have this genetic blueprint of presumably wine that for centuries was suited best to grow in the land we call Israel today.
The researchers hope to eventually look for a DNA match between the traces of Tel Kabri's wine
and feral grapes in the region that might have been cultivated in antiquity and somehow survived into the present Koh said.
Follow Megan Gannon on Twitter and Google+.+Follow us@livescience Facebook & Google+.+Original article on Live Science
#Ruins of Bustling Port Unearthed at Egypt's Giza Pyramids TORONTO The remains of a bustling port
This ritual could have taken place at Giza at a public place such as the harbor the hippo meat (apparently quite tasty) being consumed afterwards by the troops in the galleries.
These troops didn't always get the best food. The hippo meat would have been a nice respite from their everyday diet.
The bones the archaeologists found in the galleries indicate they consumed lots of goat and sheep as well as oily bony catfish said Richard Redding chief research officer at Ancient Egypt Research Associates in another symposium presentation.
which were considered the more desirable forms of meat and fish. Redding is also a research scientist at the Kelsey Museum of Archaeology at the University of Michigan.
Video Reveals Bubbly Science Behind Brewing Beer A batch of Sierra nevada Bigfoot Barleywine bubbles and froths in this time-lapse video produced by Sierra nevada Brewing Company.
Very simply beer is made by extracting sugar from grains and fermenting these sugars with yeast to turn them into alcohol.
Wort is the sticky sweet liquid extracted from mashing grains like barley or wheat. Hops are small green conelike fruits from a vine plant that provide flavor.
When yeast is added to the mix it eats up all the sugar in the wort and spits out carbon dioxide and alcohol as waste products.
Bigfoot Barleywine is a limited edition strong ale that Sierra nevada releases each January. Follow Livescience@livescience Facebook & Google+.
World's Oldest Cheese Found in China Yellow chunks of the world's oldest cheese may have been discovered on the bodies of mummies buried in China's Taklamakan Desert.
This particular cheese was also simple to make nutritious and easily digestible according to the study.
Dairy origins Researchers have found hints of cheese making from as far back as the sixth millennium B c
. but samples of the ancient cheese itself have been elusive. Most evidence relied on residual fats found in pottery shards
or received only limited analysis. This made the evidence for ancient cheese circumstantial the authors write.
Researchers unearthed the newly discovered cheese during excavations of the Xiaohe Cemetery also known as Ordek's necropolis between 2002 and 2004.
Easy cheese A chemical analysis revealed that the ancient dairy product didn't require an enzyme known as rennet
and is used to make hard cheeses such as cheddar. Instead makers likely fermented this cheese using microbes such as Lactobacillus and Saccharomycetaceae yeasts
which are used commonly to make the still-popular fermented dairy beverage known as kefir. The team also made their own homemade kefir
and found that the chemical and bacterial composition matched the snacks buried with the mummies.
The ancient cheese had less salt content than typical brined cheeses which preserve better. This finding suggested the cheese was meant to be consumed on the spot
and was created not for long-distance trade. The fermented treat may have provided probiotic benefits to the guts of these ancient people
These horses clean out the bamboo groves that pandas rely on for food. It didn't take particular panda expertise to know that something was amiss
Threatened pandas Giant pandas are finicky about both food and habitat. They require a secluded forested range
But while a single horse and a single panda eat about the same amount of bamboo each 20 horses descending on a patch at once cleans out the buffet leaving little for solitary pandas that come later.
Our diet and lifestyle can help to keep the balance of good and bad bacteria in check.
But how can we get more probiotics into our diets without adding another pill to our daily routine?
Choose a yogurt that contains fewer than 10 grams of sugar per serving. Greek yogurt is typically low in sugar
so this is a good choice. 8 Tips for Fighting Sugar Cravings 2. Get to know your kraut.
Raw sauerkraut is an amazing source of probiotics. Just be sure to buy your kraut in the refrigerated section to get the biggest benefit.
In her book Beauty Detox Solution (Harlequin 2011) nutritionist Kimberly Snyder shares a recipe for what she calls Probiotic Enzyme Salad
which is a type of sauerkraut. 3. Fiber up! You may be wondering how beneficial bacteria can survive in your body.
while harmful bacteria thrive on sugars and alcohols. So consume more fiber-packed foods such as leafy greens oatmeal and whole grains.
Healthy Bites appears weekly on Live Science. Deborah Herlax Enos is certified a nutritionist and a health coach
Ancient Civilization Made Rapid Switch Bones unearthed from an ancient mound in Turkey suggest that humans there shifted their diet from hunting to herding over just a few centuries findings that shed light on the dawn of agriculture scientists say.
Stone-age Burials in Africa Layers of history The research team led by archaeologist Mihriban Ãbaå aran at Istanbul University discovered the people of the oldest levels of the site originally ate a broad diet of meat from creatures
This included diverse small animals such as hares fish turtles hedgehogs and partridges as well as larger prey such as deer boars horse goats sheep extinct wild
However by 8200 B c. the meat in the diet shifted overwhelmingly to sheep and goats.
Young male sheep and goats were killed selectively probably for their meat leaving females and some males to breed more livestock.
and the best and largest kinds of game will get targeted first Stiner told Live Science.
Did their nutrition and health improve? Did they suffer diseases that came from the livestock?
and that a hypothetical feeder ditch connected the two locations. Studies have shown that another shallow foot-paved ditch runs south from Mummy Lake to Far View House
if a hypothetical feeder ditch could actually provide Mummy Lake with water. The engineering and sediment transport work showed that any water in the ditch would start moving so much dirt that it would block the path Benson said.
which tended to spread into long tendrils bobbing in the currents would head next. These findings could be useful for ocean navigation Jutzeler said.
Old world monkeys have special pouches in their cheek where they can store food. Old world monkeys have rump pads
but New world monkeys do not. Also Old world monkeys'nostrils are curved small and and set close together; most New world monkeys have round nostrils set far apart.
Monkeys are omnivores. This means that they eat meat and plant-based foods. Most monkeys eat nuts fruits seeds and flowers.
Some monkeys also eat meat in the form of bird's eggs small lizards insects and spiders.
Most monkeys live in trees but there are some that live in savannas or mountain areas. Monkey tribes stay on the move to find food so one location isn't home for very long.
Monkeys are very social creatures. Groups of monkeys are called missions tribes troops or cartloads. A troop will work together to take care of the young monkeys in the group.
If there is a lack of food female monkeys will stop mating until there are better circumstances for getting pregnant.
This is because the sugars in ripe fruit ferment. The fermentation causes bloating in the stomach that can kill them.
They also have pouches in their cheeks where they store food for snacks. When a troop of howler monkeys yell they can be heard for up to three miles.
They can smash nuts with rocks insert branches into crevices to capture food and use large branches to club snakes.
FARMINGTON N m. Cindy Dixon was unloading bales of hay into a metal shed on a blustery afternoon in Mid-march
I have to constantly buy hay and grain to keep the sheep fed#Dixon said looking at the land around her trailer.
#oei have to keep buying hay grain and salt blocks#Dixon said. It s gotten really expensive each year.
Sometimes I don t have much left for our own grocery. Dixon s plight is isolated hardly to her homestead.
and sediment to streams and groundwater greatly affecting Navajos'drinking and irrigation water supplies in the future according to a new University of Colorado report published in May about climate change and adaptation on the Navajo Nation.
One of climate change s markers is the spread of sand dunes. Redsteer s 2011 study on the Navajo Nation s sand dunes shows that in the southwestern corner of the reservation dunes are moving about 115 feet per year.#
The food was said to be terrible. At one point Houckgeest said he was served meat that had been gnawed on.
He claimed the emperor himself had gnawed it and he had been afforded a great honor. According to the opinion of the Chinese it was the greatest favour that could be conferred
The vessels containing provision the cases filled with liquor are broken Houckgeest wrote. Though the mission wouldn't open up the country to the Dutch the emperor warmly welcomed the visitors.
Now a new report finds that tree rings in those waterlogged ribs show the vessel was built likely in 1773 or soon after in a small shipyard near Philadelphia.
They had found animal bones ceramic dishes bottles and dozens of shoes but the excitement really kicked up
Last year in Waco Texas about three hours south of Wichita Falls an estimated 40000 Africanized honeybees attacked a local farmer who was mowing a neighbor's pasture with tractor ABC News reported.
#What Is Kosher Food? Kosher food is not a style of cooking or a cultural menu (like Chinese or Italian food).
Instead kosher refers to foods that adhere to the dietary laws of Judaism also called kashrut as described in the Torah.
While some of these guidelines infer health benefits others seem to have no connection to health
and are followed simply because they are mandated in the Torah. Many of the rules relate to animal products which are called out in the Torah based on where the animal dwells.
Not only can the meat of these forbidden animals not be eaten but the flesh organs eggs and milk are prohibited also.
Land mammals: In order to be kosher land animals must have cloven hooves and chew their cud.
This means that meat from cows is kosher while that of camels rabbits and pigs is not.
Sea animals: Kosher sea dwellers must be equipped with fins and scales. So while salmon and tuna are fit for consumption lobsters clams
Permitted birds include chicken geese ducks and turkeys. Even foods that are allowed must be prepared in a particular way to be considered kosher.
This preparation has nothing to do with cooking style or added spices and instead relates to the slaughter and subsequent handling of the animal.
Because the Torah prohibits the consumption of blood the blood of the slaughtered animal must be removed through draining
and boiling out and this must be done within 72 hours of slaughter. Other criteria laid out by Jewish law require no contact utensils.
In other words utensils cannot be used to prepare kosher meats if they have interacted with dairy eggs or nonkosher food.
In fact Jewish people who follow kashrut avoid eating meats and dairy products together and some even wait a certain amount of time before consuming one after the other according to the Biblical Archaeological Society.
In addition to meats and other foods to be considered kosher wines and grape-based products must be made by a Jewish producer.
Follow Life's Little Mysteries on Twitter@llmysteries. We're also on Facebook & Google+g
#Mother's Diet at Time of Conception May Alter Baby's DNA A woman's diet at the time of conception might cause lasting changes in the DNA of her children potentially influencing their development researchers say.
In a new study researchers analyzed the diets of women in rural parts of The gambia in western Africa who experience major changes in their diets over the course of each year as the area goes through rainy seasons and dry seasons.
and they gradually run out of food collected from the previous harvest. Yearlong staples of the women's diet include rice a grain called millet peanuts and cassava.
But during the rainy season they eat more leafy green vegetables similar to spinach which are very high in folate a nutrient that is especially important during pregnancy.
The scientists investigated the concentration of nutrients in the blood of 84 pregnant women who conceived at the peak of the rainy season
and 83 women who conceived at the peak of the dry season. In addition they analyzed the DNA of six specific genes in the women's infants
Methylation generally depends on nutrients such as folate choline methionine and vitamins B2 and B6 the researchers said.
In the study methylation in the infants'genes was linked to various nutrient levels in the mother's blood.
For instance a 2003 study revealed a female mouse's diet can alter the color of her offspring's coat by permanently modifying DNA methylation.
It's also important to note that their diet wasn't the only thing that changed there was more physical activity due to farm labor during the rainy season
what nutrients are circulating within the women. In the new study a nearly identical epigenetic effect was found in both blood and hair-follicle DNA of the infants.
Our ultimate goal is to define an optimal diet for mothers-to-be that would prevent defects in the methylation process study author Andrew Prentice of the London School of Hygiene
Now our research is pointing towards the need for a cocktail of nutrients which could come from the diet or from supplements.
The scientists detailed their findings online today (April 29) in the journal Nature Communications. Follow us@Livescience Facebook & Google+.
Health Benefits, Risks & Nutrition Facts Rich creamy and flavorful avocados are a versatile fruit that add heft and health to many dishes.
While avocados have a high fat content they are packed also with nutrients and are a great way to add healthy fat to your diet.
Healthy fat sometimes called monounsaturated fat in the form of oleic acid accounts for about three-quarters of the calories in an avocado.
Their sugar levels are also comparatively low. Avocados contain many essential vitamins and minerals. They are a good source of vitamins K B9 B6 B5 C
Here are the nutrition facts for avocados according to the U s. Food and Drug Administration which regulates food labeling through the National Labeling and Education Act:
Nutrition Facts Serving size: 1/5 medium California (1. 1 oz/30 g) Calories 50 Calories from Fat 35*Percent Daily Values(%DV) are based on a 2000
calorie diet. Heart Avocados amounts of Vitamin e glutathione and monounsaturated fat all help to keep your heart healthy.
Eating avocados may also lower the risk of heart disease. High levels of homocysteine is associated with a higher risk of heart disease
One 1996 study found that patients with mild hypercholesterolemia who incorporated avocados into their diet for one week had a 22 percent decrease in bad cholesterol and triglycerides and an 11 percent increase in good cholesterol.
and the low carb and sugar levels in avocados help maintain blood sugar in comparison to other fruits.
They are also quite filling meaning that eating too many avocados may not leave you enough room to get other essential nutrients such as protein.
If you experience any of these symptoms after eating an avocado try cutting the fruit out of your diet to see
How Koalas Do it With a diet based on eucalyptus leaves that are very fibrous and low in nutrition
I can claim water conservation as an excuse to avoid hand-washing dishes or the car.
and replace it with a beautiful drought-tolerant garden that doesn't need precious drinking water
You'll save money on your water bill your water supplier might even pay you a rebate for every square foot of grass you remove. 2. Check for leaks with the toilet test Put a few drops of food coloring or a dye tablet into your toilet tank.
Again check the EPA Watersense Rebate Finder you might qualify for a rebate for making those switches. 4. Use the dishwasher Hand-washing your dishes can use up to 27 gallons of water per session compared to just 3 gallons for a new Energy star-rated dishwasher
Lehner's most recent Op-Ed Was recognized Food additives'Generally As Safe'Could Be Anything But.
They need hunting room to find enough food to live. Only a few pumas can live in a 30-square-mile (78 square kilometers) radius. Pumas are crepuscular creatures.
They will also eat small animals such as porcupines coyotes rabbits armadillos capybaras squirrels and raccoons.
They keep populations of animals lower down on the food chain in check. Without them for example those same farmers may have their crops overrun by hungry rabbits.
Other resource i
#Alaska's'Hidden'Forests Captured in Unprecedented Detail (Photo) In the middle of Alaska a great expanse of forested land bigger than California has remained quite mysterious until recently.
These products include capsules tablets yogurt gummy lollies infant formula and beverages to name just a few.
The problem is that it s often difficult to substantiate the health claims made about probiotics.
But it was reported recently that probiotic bacteria found in common fermented foods such as yogurt can reach the gut in high numbers increasing the likelihood of beneficial effects from consuming these foods.
And there s more good news. A recent study published in The british Journal of Nutrition suggests some probiotics may even help women lose weight.
And given it is a good source of many essential nutrients including protein calcium Vitamin a Vitamin b12
and to have difficulty eating which can lead to problems in kids general development according to the Washington Dental Service Foundation.
and eliminates any milk or juice that pools in the mouth. Pooled milk or juice that sits in an infant s mouth for a long time can cause the teeth to decay as they erupt#she told Live Science.
This is called#baby bottle tooth decay.##According to the National institutes of health your baby should start teething between 6 and 8 months though some children do not begin to teethe until later.
If the drinking water in your area is fluoridated give your child tap water to drink. Bottled water does not have fluoride.#
and discuss important information about dental hygiene for kids diet bottle use and thumb sucking habits.
or minimizing consumption of foods that are high in sugar and are sticky such as fruit snacks and fruit rollups gummy bears and even raisins.
These foods stick in between the child s back teeth and can cause cavities#she said.
and floss the child s teeth after they eat these sticky foods.##Another fundamental element in the fight against child cavities is watching
Milk juice formula and even breast milk contain sugars that can cause tooth decay. Therefore the National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research suggests that parents who like to give their babies a bottle during naptime
Here's the advice of Dr. Walter C. Willett of the Harvard School of Public health Department of Nutrition:
And I don't think coconut oil is as healthful as vegetable oils like olive oil and soybean oil which are unsaturated mainly fat and therefore both lower LDL low-density lipoprotein or the bad cholesterol and increase HDL high density-lipoprotein lipoprotein the good cholesterol.
because they needed to raise the cholesterol levels of their rabbits in order to collect certain data.
Most foods contain several different types of fat: Saturated fat Saturated fat is found mostly in foods from animals and some plants.
Foods from animals include meats and dairy products. Plant foods that contain saturated fat include coconut oil palm oil and cocoa butter.
Saturated fat raises both the bad cholesterol and the goodcholesterol. Unsaturated fat Polyunsaturated and monounsaturated fats are unsaturated the two fats.
They're found mainly in many fish nuts seeds and oils from plants. Some examples of foods that contain these fats are salmon trout herring avocados olives walnuts and liquid vegetable oils such as soybean corn safflower canola olive and sunflower.
Studies show that eating foods rich in unsaturated fats lowers LDL (bad) cholesterol and raises HDL (good) cholesterol.
Trans fat Most trans fat is made by adding hydrogen to vegetable oil through a process called hydrogenation
which makes the oil less likely to spoil. Using trans fats in the manufacturing of foods helps foods stay fresh longer have a longer shelf life
and have a less greasy feel. Hydrogenation is common in margarine and shortening. Trans fat is a cholesterol nightmare.
Trans fat raises your LDL cholesterol and lowers your HDL cholesterol. Why is coconut oil getting internet attention and a lot of buyers in health food stores?
As Dr. Willett points out coconut oil seems especially effective in giving HDL a boost. There are several forces creating this phenomenon.
And then there are vegans who abstain from animal products. Many vegans use coconut oil as a butter substitute.
Coconut oil is solid at room temperature. If you would like to ask a question write to fred@healthygeezer. com
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