#Link between allergies, increased risk of blood cancers in womena team of scientists looking into the interplay of the immune system and cancer have found a link between a history of airborne allergies--in particular to plants grass and trees
History of asthma and allergies was taken also including allergies to plants grasses or trees; mold or dust;
The most statistically significant association was seen with allergies to plants grass and trees. Further the study looked at associations between the different subtypes of allergies
and hematologic malignancies and found that a history of allergies to plants grass and trees was associated significantly with mature B-cell neoplasms one of four major categories of lymphoma.
#Research finds combo of plant nutrients kills breast cancer cellsa study led by Madhwa Raj Phd Research Professor in Obstetrics
and they avoid eating toxic plants; but gregarious locusts eat these plants to'impregnate'themselves with toxins to deter predators.
The transformation to gregarious behaviour which happens when solitary locusts are forced together into a crowd is complete within a few hours.
and eat toxic plants to defend itself against predators. Then we asked if a solitary locust has learned already about an odour
Desert locusts aggregate into swarms when they run out of food--the crowding is driven by hunger and competition for the last few plants in the desert.
so they will give the toxic plants another try. And because they can no longer form aversive memories any food is now rewarding
This is how they re-train themselves to eat the toxic plants. It would be great to be able to do this experiment in the field
#Impacts of plant invasions become less robust over time: Invasive plants are more likely to be replaced by other invasivesamong the most impressive ecological findings of the past 25 years is the ability of invasive plants to radically change ecosystem function.
Yet few if any studies have examined whether ecosystem impacts of invasions persist over time and what that means for plant communities and ecosystem restoration.
UC Santa barbara's Carla D'Antonio Schuyler Professor of Environmental Studies has conducted one of the only long-term studies of plant invader impacts that spans two decades.
Returning to the same grass-invaded field sites in Hawaii volcanoes national park that she used in her 1990-1995 studies D'Antonio
along with postdoctoral scholar Stephanie Yelenik gathered new data that shed light on mechanisms regulating exotic plant dominance and community change through invasion.
and gain insight into how plant invasions changed over time without management said D'Antonio who also is a professor in the Department of Ecology Evolution and Marine Biology.
Nonnative plants can have very large impacts on ecosystem functioning--including altering groundwater soil salinity
When D'Antonio and Yelenik revisited the study sites they noticed that the invasive exotic perennial grasses (primarily an African invader called Melinis minutiflora) were dying so they decided to repeat measures of nutrient cycling and plant community change.
even if plant invasions can slow down on their own given enough time native species may need further assistance
and getting patchy that may be the time to plant native species. It might turn out to be the most cost-effective way to get an ecosystem back to a more desirable state.
Before our studies the closest relatives of papaya were known only by local people living along the areas where these plants are growing.
The changes in ruminal lipid metabolism are based on the differences between plant species in terms of digestion kinetics and microbial flora in the rumen.
In plants zinc plays a key role in essential functions such as carbohydrate metabolism photosynthesis and sugar and starch synthesis. Apple one of the world's most popular fruits tends to be highly susceptible to zinc deficiency.
The USDA has obtained a Plant Variety Protection Certificate for the'Tigerpaw-NR'parent of'Carotex-312'.'
A small clumping plant Lepidosperma monticola grows on mountains including Mount Field and Mount Sprent.
and examine relevant collections at the Tasmanian Herbarium provided further evidence supporting the recognition of Lepidosperma monticola as a new species. Analysing the morphological and anatomical attributes of the plants demonstrated conclusively that L. monticola is a distinct species in need
Individual plants are often inconspicuous growing in the crevices of rock outcrops. Other individuals form attractive rounded clumps up to about 20 cm in diameter intermingled with mosses and lichens.
Existing pasteurization plants are susceptible to fouling and have to be cleaned frequently. The core of the microwave method and a result of extensive simulation is a compact reactor
Modern pest and disease management for plants and the natural environment needs to be based on an extensive science base.
*An ecosystem is a community of living organisms (plants animals and microbes) in conjunction with the nonliving components of their environment (things like air water and mineral soil) interacting as a system.
Plant pathologists Dr Joan Webber from Forest Research the research agency of the Forestry Commission and Professor Clive Brasier found that the defence mechanisms which the Chalara fraxinea (C. fraxinea) fungus
These compounds produced by plants and which we eat are reduced related to cardiovascular diseases Rosa Marã a Lamuela researcher at the UB
It depends on water both evaporating from the ground and also moving through plants from the roots to the leaves.
The process relies heavily upon the ability of plants to access soil moisture. During particularly severe droughts trees reach a limit in their ability to access
In many ecosystem models plants reach this limit too soon increasing the water stress that plants are predicted to feel during the dry season.
This acts to reduce the water stress felt by the forest plants. The researchers took this dry season moisture recycling into account in their new model.
and cause increased algal and plant growth. We now know that legacy sediment from the stream banks caused by the milldams is the major source of eutrophication in the Chesapeake area said Wilf.
and plant diversity--that then leads to more diverse animal habitat--offering the UW a variety of sites to monitor.
The secret of short stemsarabidopsis plants that only reach half their normal height have a mutation in the biosynthesis of the plant growth factor gibberellin.
The normal height to which plants grow is a critical trait. In the wild Arabidopsis thaliana uses the same genetic changes in the biosynthesis of the growth factor gibberellin to cut its size in half as found in semi-dwarf varieties of rice
When expressing the same phenotype various plant species apparently fall back on the same genes in their genotype.
Long-stem plants may well be a splendorous in flowerbeds. However long stalks in a grain field present a danger to the yield.
Besides linear growth this plant growth factor promotes seed germination and the development of the blossoms.
Maarten Koornneef and his colleagues from the Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research in Cologne have examined now
whether the same genetic causes are found for the same phenotype through natural selection in the wild as are found through the artificial selection of plant breeding explains Koornneef.
Using genetic crossbreeding experiments they have shown that this characteristic can be traced back to a change in the GA20OX1 gene in most of the plant specimens gathered.
and have no further negative effects on the performance of the plants even though gibberellin is an important plant growth factor.
The reason for this according to Koornneef is that Arabidopsis possesses other additional genes for gibberellin biosynthesis. These genes jump in
The semi-dwarf Arabidopsis plants always had different genetic backgrounds explains the geneticist and were actually related to their fellow Arabidopsis plants at the same sites.
The DNA sequence shows that a few plants attempted to rid themselves of the semi-dwarfism again.
However other plants at some sites have selected for this dwarf phenotype because it apparently brought them advantages.
therefore one of these hot spots in the plants'genome becoming repeatedly mutated if a certain phenotype is beneficial at least under some specific conditions.
Killing ticks from insideingeborg Klingen Head of Section of Invertebrate Pests at Bioforsk Plant Health and Plant Protection Division and her group are currently conducting field trials with BIPESCO 5
Well-preserved informative plant fossils are few and far between. Specimens with reproductive organs are especially scarce
but are invaluable to understanding plant evolution and ancient diversity. When such fossils are unearthed they are lucky finds
The whitefly method provides a means of interfering with the plant-contamination process as well as the cultivation of plants that are altogether resistant to infection.
After exposing large numbers of a particular plant species to a specific whitefly-transmitted virus a researcher can then note which individual plants resisted infection and why.
or thousands of infected plants year-round by exposing them to whiteflies each week. Therefore the whitefly-assisted transmission method provides researchers with a powerful means for continued experimentation in developing plant defenses against the threat of whitefly-transmitted disease.
Polston said that she published this technique through Jove's video format because it was difficult to explain it through traditional text-only journals.
and fixing it into a form plants can use--partially resolves the scientific debate of how humans harvested grasses there for hundreds of years without fertilizing Deluca said.
Scientists model nitrogen loading of rivers especially where industrial fertilizers and effluent from wastewater-treatment plants cause dead zones and other problems in the lower reaches
#Carbon storage recovers faster than plant biodiversity in regrowing tropical forestsa new study of regrowing tropical forests has concluded that plant biodiversity takes longer to recover than carbon storage following major disturbances such as clearance for farming.
The new study is the first large-scale analysis of the recovery of both plant biodiversity
As the climate changes the increased frequency of extreme weather events such as drought may act together with rare biological events such as outbreaks of insect pests to profoundly alter the ecology and evolution of plant-animal interactions.
animal and plant communities change ecosystem functions disappear carbon emissions contribute to climate change. Whatever happens regionally has global consequences.
which plant species were most abundant on our playing field and being taught to fling quadrats over my shoulder in a random direction before seeing what plants lay within it rather than placing it somewhere that looked like a good place to put it--the same principle applies here.
Camera traps have transformed how information is collected for many species of mammals and birds including some of the most charismatic species in existence like tigers.
Banana plants died en masse and soils are contaminated for decades. The introduction of the resistant Cavendish banana variety saved the day
These plants developed the same symptoms as banana plants infected with samples from Southeast asia. Subsequent DNA tests showed that the Jordan strains were identical to TR4.
Crafting a better enzyme cocktail to turn plants into fuel fasterscientists looking to create a potent blend of enzymes to transform materials like corn stalks
These plants and many others are stored full of energy in carbon bonds which can be converted into fuel
which holds the plants together. Lignocellulose is what stands between you and a tankful of fuel created from corn stalks or switchgrass.
The ultimate goal is to begin with a plant material like corn stalks for instance and to subject it to a cocktail of enzymes that would convert those plants to fuel said chemist Aaron Wright who led the PNNL team.
It takes a series of steps to do that and the cost has to come down if these fuels are to compete seriously with traditional hydrocarbon-based fuels.
which convert the organic matter into nutrients says Mary Scholes who is a Professor in the School of Animal Plant and Environmental sciences at Wits University.
By the mid-20th century soils and plants could be tested routinely to diagnose deficiencies and a global agrochemical industry set out to fix them.
Attracted by the richness of the dirt settlers began to plow up the prairie more than a century and a half ago replacing the native plants with corn wheat soybeans and other crops.
Research suggests that a set of natural plant compounds called polyphenols lend the fresh fruit these benefits.
After a winter pause plants put out new growth in spring. Research has brought now a new correlation to light:
The colder the winter the earlier native plants begin to grow again. Since warmer winters can be expected as the climate changes the spring development phase for typical forest trees might start later
what plants in order to wake up on time in the spring. This applies above all to native tree species such as beech
Nonetheless the differing growth patterns will affect the entire plant and animal world. The native tree species in our forests have limited only a ability to adapt themselves to climate change.
or camouflaging associated with a particular plant explains Shipher Wu one of the authors. Story Source:
nonnative animals and plants carried by people into new locations that take hold disrupting and reshaping local ecosystems.
A lot of plants that use the duff layer as a germination medium or a seed bank will no longer be around says Gorres.
Farmers have been taught to think that fertilizers are the source of soil fertility--that the soil is basically an inert rooting medium that supports the plant.
Much of the decline in monarch numbers has been blamed on the loss of milkweed the native plants on which monarch caterpillars feed.
The authors suggest that the universal popularity of monarchs could encourage a market for monarch-friendly plants.
and potentially the species'abundance is something that people can do at home by planting milkweed and other nectar plants.
Unfortunately many plants purchased by gardeners have been treated with systemic insecticides that can kill both pollinators that consume the nectar
but also that consumers might be interested more overall in buying nectar-producing plants or milkweeds if they knew a small percentage of sales will be donated to habitat conservation said Diffendorfer.
In the meantime a few of our plants proved to contain a markedly elevated rubber content. We will now stabilize these even further by breeding them explains Prof.
For production only the Russian variety of our domestic plants can be used This is the only type that features large quantities of rubber within its white latex sap.
Afterwards the plants can be harvested immediately and be optimized further by breeding. At the same time it is less vulnerable to pests.
which have been introduced in The netherlands by plant breeding companies between 1980 and 2010 shows that new varieties continue to yield more than their predecessors.
The fact that plant breeding can still lead to increases in production has therefore been shown by this research at Wageningen University.
Bert Rijk researcher at the chair group Plant Production Systems at Wageningen University coordinated the study.
#Disrupted phenological cues undermine ant/plant mutualismtemperature rainfall soil composition and sunlight may not be the only contributors to a plant's success. Ants in their role as seed dispersers may play an equally important part in determining
whether a plant species thrives or fails. In the October 28 2013 online issue of Global Change Biology Robert Warren assistant professor of biology at SUNY Buffalo State and co-author Mark A. Bradford assistant professor in the Yale School of Forestry
investigate how the presence of cold -or warm-adapted ants impacts early-blooming spring plants.
In Mutualism fails when climate response differs between interacting species the authors assert Timing is everything
and butterfly migrations seed-setting by plants and the emergence of animals--including ants--from winter dormancy.
and the seeds remain beneath the parent plants. All ecological communities are based on interactions between species said Warren. Climate change is disrupting phenological synchrony.
In 2006 populations of both plant species were surveyed and reproductive-sized adults of each species were transplanted.
and investigated the placement of the plant's offspring (seedlings). They also took a very careful look at the ant species by monitoring tuna-bait stations at each grid for 90 minutes every week from March to June 2010 and monthly from March to June 2011.
and temperature in shaping a plant's niche said Warren. Story Source: The above story is provided based on materials by SUNY Buffalo State.
and other plant species including potatoes and tomatoes. The study also has unveiled two major evolutionary events that occurred millions of years ago in the kiwifruit genome.
This process called neofunctionalization can occur with no adverse effects in plants and in the case of kiwifruit was quite beneficial.
They then compared kiwifruit to the genomes of other representative plant species including tomato rice grape and the mustard weed Arabidopsis.
#Can a potentially invasive plant bring a positive influence to a region? Can invasive species be beneficial for the region?
Pollination success of generalist plants tends to be positively related to pollinator diversity so any habitat modifications that increase the number of pollinating species present at a site would tend to be of some inherent value.
and it's long been assumed that the bees who depended upon those plants would have met the same fate.
As the gold is likely to be toxic to the plant it's moved to the leaves
Madidi National park alone contains 11 percent of the world's birds more than 200 species of mammals 300 types of fish and 12000 plant varieties.
Over the 30-year study the researchers measured the amount of N-15 labelled fertilizer N taken up by plants
if the same research were done in Alberta the findings would be similar in terms of fertilizer uptake by plants
#Grazers, pollinators shape plant evolutionit has long been known that the characteristics of many plants with wide ranges can vary geographically depending on differences in climate.
But changes in grazing pressure and pollination can also affect the genetic composition of natural plant populations according to a new study.
and grazing animals affect the characteristics of natural plant populations these researchers studied bird's eye primrose populations in alvar grasslands on the Baltic island of Ãand.
The difference in plant height has a genetic basis and over time differences in reproductive success affect the genetic composition of plant populations.
For a period of eight years the researchers documented changes in the proportion of short plants in natural populations and field experiments.
The results show that altered grazing pressure leads to rapid changes in the genetic composition of the primrose populations specifically in the proportion of short plants.
The Agricultural Landscape of Southern Ãand has been a World Heritage Site since 2000. The grazing pressure on the alvar grasslands of Ãand has increased dramatically in the last fifteen years
which plants dominate but also the genetic composition of the plant populations. These findings help us understand how differences in environmental conditions influence the evolution of genetic differentiation among plant populations says Professor Jon Ãren at the Evolutionary Biology Centre.
Story Source: The above story is provided based on materials by Uppsala University. Note: Materials may be edited for content and length.
It could also disrupt plant and animal communities in one of the regions of highest biodiversity in the world.
nursery industriesas consumer interest in native plants increases nursery growers are challenged to expand their product range by adding new native species to their collections.
and master gardeners would like to use more native plants but that a broad palette of native plants is not currently available from most growers.
Growers looking to capitalize on the native plant market are looking to scientists to recommend new species suitable for the commercial nursery industry.
In the August 2013 issue of Hortscience researchers Julia Cartabiano and Jessica Lubell from the Department of Plant science and Landscape architecture at the University of Connecticut report on their study of four native shrubs that are relatively unknown
#Vetch cover crop, fertilizer practices recommended for organic zucchinicover crops may be in the hardest working plants in organic farming systems.
As more cities invest in green roofs planners are challenged to find plants that can thrive in shallow planting conditions and with minimal maintenance.
although turfgrasses meet the three requirements of plants recommended for use in urban environments (aesthetics function
Cucumber is a major vegetable crop consumed worldwide as well as a model system for sex determination and plant vascular biology.
In 2009 cucumber became the seventh plant to have published its genome sequence following the well-studied model plant Arabidopsis thaliana the poplar tree grapevine papaya and the crops rice and sorghum.
#Key genes for increasing oil content in plant leaves identifiedscientists at the U s. Department of energy's Brookhaven National Laboratory have identified the key genes required for oil production and accumulation in plant leaves and other vegetative plant tissues.
Enhancing expression of these genes resulted in vastly increased oil content in leaves the most abundant sources of plant biomass-a finding that could have important implications for increasing the energy content of plant-based foods and renewable biofuel feedstocks.
The research is described in two new publications in The Plant Journal and Plant Cell. If we can transfer this strategy to crop plants being used to generate renewable energy
or to feed livestock it would significantly increase their energy content and nutritional values said Brookhaven biochemist Changcheng Xu who led the research.
which make up the bulk of leaves stems and other vegetative plant matter. If you want to cut calories from your diet you cut fat and oils.
But plants don't normally store much oil in their leaves and other vegetative tissues. In nature oil storage is the job of seeds where the energy-dense compounds provide nourishment for developing plant embryos.
The idea behind Xu's studies was to find a way to reprogram plants to store oil in their more abundant forms of biomass.
The first step was to identify the genes responsible for oil production in vegetative plant tissues. Though oil isn't stored in these tissues almost all plant cells have the capacity to make oil.
and one of these when overexpressed in leaves caused growth and developmental problems in the plants.
or cause any problems to plants but it dramatically decreases oil production and accumulation in leaves Xu said.
Overexpression of the two genes together resulted in a 130-fold increase in production of leaf oil compared with control plants.
and oleosin) in a variant of test plants that already had elevated an rate of fatty acid synthesis. In this case the genetic boost resulted in even greater oil production
and accumulation-170-fold compared with control plants-to the point where oil accounted for nearly 10 percent of the leaf's dry weight.
Burning plant biomass with such energy density to generate electricity would release 30 to 40 percent more energy
But our research provides a very promising path to improving the use of plants as a source of feed
The lack of basic information about the Amazonian flora on a basin-wide scale has hindered Amazonian science and conservation efforts.
#Mathematical study of photosynthesis clears the path to developing new super-cropshow some plant species evolved super-efficient photosynthesis had been a mystery.
Around three per cent of all plants use an advanced form of photosynthesis which allows them to capture more carbon dioxide use less water
A new study has traced back the evolutionary paths of all the plants that use advanced photosynthesis including maize sugar cane
Using a mathematical analysis the authors uncovered a number of tiny changes in the plants'physiology that
using a third as much water as other plants; and capture around thirteen times more carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.
and plant biologist Dr Ben Williams from the University of Cambridge and is published in the journal elife.
Like the proverbial roads that all lead to Rome Ben and Iain have shown that there are many routes taken by plants in the evolutionary process.
The next step for the biologists is to recreate the natural evolution of the more advanced photosynthesis by mirroring the genetic and physiological changes in simple laboratory plants and eventually in rice.
In the study both DNA and plant testing showed that the leaf blotch pathogen that affects barley can be found on the wild grasses
and wild plants species. But the increasing demand for agricultural land to provide enough crops to feed
Plant varieties studied included 19 species and hybrids both native and exotic to Britain with particular focus on 13 varieties of lavender (Lavandula spp.)
All the plants studied had to be popular garden plants be widely and easily available for purchase
and his Phd student Mihail Gaburzov was that garden flowers attractive to the human eye vary enormously (approx 100-fold) in their attractiveness to insects meaning that the best plants for bees
So it pays to make an informed choice of plants from the thousands available to gardeners.
The researchers observed clear differences in the mix of bee and insect types attracted by different varieties indicating that careful plant choice can
#oeour trial is by no means exhaustive#we looked at a small selection of the thousands of plants you can find in a typical garden centre.
The plants attractive to bees are just as cheap easy to grow and as pretty as those that are less attractive to insects.#
#oegarden plants do not have to be native to help most pollinating insects. Nectar for example is basically sugar
Plant the right flowers and the bees will come.##Mihail Garbuzov says:##oewe basically counted bees
Anyone can do this in their own garden or park or even when shopping for plants in a garden centre.#
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