Synopsis: 6. brain & neuro & cogno: Brain:


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and hopes to use it to better understand the brain. Both results were published in Science in January.


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which is our brain, with sufficient experience, from knowing how to optimize this wonderful tool,

But we shouldn t put our brain in a box on a table and say#


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Book Clubs to Go Brain Quest and Fandex Family Field Guides Energy Meters for the home Museum Adventure Pass Music Tools Park & Read Pass Science to Go kit Stories to Go:#


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and even our brain as these tools evolve into hyper-analytical portals into our own metabolism. 5. Wireless Power Will having users linked to wireless power networks in the future be similar to linking to Wi-fi networks today?


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#This is your brain on a smartphone A mobile junkie. When is the last time you powered your smartphone all the way down?

I hadn taken t the time to eternalize it in my brain. I accepted my addiction

Brain first, phone second. Can t think of the artist for a song you just heard? Siri can t help you now.

Exercise your brain, and try to figure it out for yourself. If you still can t get it after a few minutes of focus,


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Philosophers With companies in a constant battle overmy-brain-is-bigger-that-your-brain, it becomes the overarching philosophy that wins the day. 13.

Brain Quants Where the stock market manipulators of the past meet the brain manipulators of the future to usurp control of marketing and messaging on Madison avenue. 157.


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The New Science of Building Brain Power, is on a quest to make his brain work better.

He is looking into the evidence for why nicotine may be the best bet for building brain power.

and downright hostility of many of her fellow neuroscientists as she has published some three dozen studies revealing the actions of nicotine within the mammalian brain.

and skin but somehow guards against a disease of the brain? Over the course of the 1970s, neuroscientists like Quik learned that the nicotine molecule fits into receptors for the neurotransmitter acetylcholine like a key into a lock.

According to psychopharmacologist Paul Newhouse, director of the Center for Cognitive Medicine at Vanderbilt University School of medicine in Nashville, Nicotinic receptors in the brain appear to work by regulating other receptor systems.

But what about nicotine as a cognitive enhancer for people without Alzheimer s, Parkinson s or any other brain disease?


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</p><p>This metal is known to interfere with fetal brain development. It can also bind to a hormone that regulates woman&#39;

</p><p>Exposure to these pesticide chemicals has been linked to effects on brain development behavior and fertility and can affect testosterone levels EWG says.


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Faces are so important that humans have a brain area called the fusiform gyrus that specializes in recognizing them.


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 Researchers found that chocolate may help older people keep their brains healthy and their thinking sharp.

Study participants who drank two cups of cocoa daily for 30 days showed an 8. 3 percent increase in blood flow to the brain


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because people also inherited brains hardwired to want to save energy. 10 Things That Make Humans Special Here are five day-to-day decisions modern humans face that are made complicated by their Stone age bodies:

With increasing scientific evidence that inactivity and sugar-and fat-rich diets lead to health problems people can use the big brains they inherited to make smart lifestyle decisions


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so their brains are chock-full of information about what's good and what's bad for our bodies.

Also I get a good hit of folic acid from the spinach (great for brain health) and fiber


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which have brains that contain only 960000 neurons (compared with about 86 billion neurons in an average human brain).

The study suggests that the bees'brains are wired asymmetrically as are human brains. Until quite recently neuroscientists believed that brain asymmetry

and lateralization of function meaning the left and right sides of the body do different things was a uniquely human phenomenon associated with language

 The result is interesting as it provides provocative information to suggest that there might be lateralization in the bee brain as there is in vertebrate brains said Gene Robinson a researcher at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign who wasn't involved in the study.

Both humans'right-handedness and honeybees'right-antenna-preference are byproducts of asymmetries in the brain meaning the left and right side of the brain do different things Vallortigara said.


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At the same time the tiny bird's hippocampus balloons by 30 percent as new nerve cells pop up in this part of the brain which is responsible for spatial organization


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Paralleling the development of tools was a rapid expansion in brain volume eventually tripling in Homo neanderthalensis and Homo sapiens by about 200000 years ago.


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which parts of the baby s brain and skull are missing. The investigators identified 23 women in a three-county area whose babies had anencephaly between January 2010 and January 2013.

Babies born with anencephaly are missing parts of the brain and are usually blind deaf and unconscious.

and during pregnancy have reduced a risk of major birth defects of the brain and spine studies have shown.


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This article was adapted from A Brain That Might As well Be made of Butter which first appeared as on the HSUS blog A Humane Nation.


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In mammals caffeine has been shown to affect circuits in the brain's memory center the hippocampus.

Cells in the brains of insects are similar to neurons in the hippocampus. To see how caffeine affected these cells the researchers recorded the electrical activity of honeybee brains bathed in a caffeine-containing liquid.

The caffeine had a noticeable effect on the brain cells'activity results showed. Wright and colleagues think the caffeine is affecting neurons in the bees'brains in a way that reinforces memories.

The results hint that similar mechanisms might apply to caffeine's effect on humans. Follow Tanya Lewis@tanyalewis314. Follow us@livescience Facebook or Google+.


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and the development of basic brain structures occurs 15 to 56 days after conception (during gestational weeks five to 10.)


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 Though not likely on the forefront of their brains these drinkers have climatological factors to thank for the tastiness of their drink.


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and even tinier brains yet they are capable of flying swiftly and agilely through even turbulent air.


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Anderson is developing tiny foam drone airplanes that fly using a $170 autopilot essentially a brain for the plane that works in any kind of automated vehicle.


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and vertebrates the same areas of the brain that are important for consciousness and processing emotions.


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Just about that time 2 million years ago we see big shifts in the human fossil record of increase in brain size increase in body size

because they can't crack them open to extract the brains Ferraro said. Image Gallery: Hyenas at the Kill The team hypothesized that ancient human ancestors found the discarded heads in their landscape

and then cracked open the skulls to access the fatty nutritious energy-rich brains. That might have fueled the body changes seen later in modern-human ancestors such as Homo erectus.


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and how it affects different organs including the heart and brain. We continue to see consistent data from many studies suggesting that omega-3s have an impact on a range of behavioral disorders such as depression anxiety

The fetus's brain is growing dramatically and the fetus is getting all the omega-3s that are being produced Chilton said.


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Choline is needed for brain development in a growing fetus and may also be important for brain function in adults.


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Research shows that sweets similar to many antidepressants increase levels of the brain chemical serotonin

Without carbohydrates the brain stops regulating serotonin. Eating carbohydrates profoundly improves mood which is why a handful of candy corn will make you feel better.

because their brains have less serotonin than men's. There have been other explanations for women's reported increased sweet craving and indulging.


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The brain's tendency to find meaningful patterns in both meaningful and meaningless stimuli is called also patternicity.

In his book The Believing Brain (St martin's Griffin 2012) publisher of Skeptic magazine Michael Shermer notes that evolutionary psychology may help explain our tendency toward magical thinking.


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A conventional farm that provides their cows with access to grass would reap the same benefit in terms of the quality of the milk Benbrook added. 6 Foods That Are Good for Your Brain Organic farmers are required to follow standards set


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 Smith wrote in a 1616 letter to Queen Anne that Powhatan s daughter Pocahontas oehazarded the beating out of her own brains to save mine;


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#Making Maps In The Brain (ISNS)--Disorientation is often one of the first warnings of Alzheimer's disease.

And because of their location in the brain they are especially susceptible to the ravages of Alzheimer's.

   Grid cells were identified for the first time in 2005 by a group of scientists in Norway interested in how the brain enables animals to navigate.

The neurons they were watching lie in a part of the brain called the entorhinal cortex. It sits in the lower part of the brain near its intersection with the brain stem.

This is the perfect position for a mapmaker: the entorhinal cortex gets input about the environment from the senses

By arranging these signposts in triangles the brain can fit in more of them than it could

Studies of brain changes in Alzheimer's disease in humans consistently show localized degeneration in the same parts of the entorhinal cortex where Buffalo found grid cells in monkeys.


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scientists from around the world was able tospeculate on the appearance of this hypothetical ancestor inside and out from its brain and inner ear bones to its ovaries and even

Also its cerebral cortex the part of the brain linked to higher mental processes was convoluted probably folds linked with greater brain activity the researchers found.


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According to a study published in October 2012 the gorilla would have needed to eat raw plants for more than 12 hours a day to consume enough calories to evolve a humanlike brain.


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The more junk food they consumed the more likely they were to feel depressed. 6 Foods That Are Good For Your Brain It's important to note that these studies show an association


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This signals to your brain that you are no longer thirsty. Hunger is regulated in your stomach and intestines.

and send satiation signals to the brain. The intestines also release nerve regulators and hormones.


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But as my rage subsided my brain came back online. The pros and cons of GM food are not what s at issue here.


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Artificial neural networks machine-learning models inspired by the brain were used to determine just how much the circadian rhythms affected the opening of stomata and the trees'water use.


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Omega-3 concentrations are highest in the brain and nervous system. The fatty acids are necessary for optimal functioning of the neurons protect cells decrease cell death

Emerging research indicates omega-3s may boost levels of the brain chemicals serotonin and dopamine decreasing depression and violence.


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In a stroke the blood supply to the brain is interrupted by a blood clot or the bursting of a blood vessel.


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whether an insect with a brain the size of a sesame seed could actually monitor uncertainty?

when it comes to the brain. The associative explanation would have to assume that bees could tell the difference between difficult and easy trials and weight them differently.

(or any other animal) brain to compute uncertainty as it would be to classify and associate outcomes.

Until we examine uncertainty at the level of the brain itself we ll have to remain uncertain.


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Occasionally melatonin is used as a complementary medicine in cancer treatment for breast brain lung prostate head and neck or gastrointestinal cancer.


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and vegetables but they didn't know how the different volatiles combined in the brain to create sweet flavor.

Flavor is a combination of input to the brain from the taste buds and from the nose.

Yet it combines with the input from other volatiles as well as input from the taste buds to create the perception of sweetness in the brain.

No one knows exactly how volatiles create perceptions of sweetness in the brain. It's possibly as simple as volatiles intensifying the effect of sugars in the brain said Bartoshuk in an interview with My Health News Daily.

Not all volatiles contribute to sweetness either. In fact Bartoshuk believes that some may actually suppress sweetness.


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and also plans to study the neurological effects of nitrogen oxide gases on the honeybee brain.


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and addiction centers in the brain. The study was looked small and only at overweight and obese men

At the same time magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain scans of those who drank the corn syrup drink showed increased activation in a region of the brain called the nucleus accumbens

but also make the idea of eating seem more rewarding and pleasurable to the brain. There's a strong evolutionary reason to have linked food to pleasure Ludwig said.


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's Brain Formative experience The infant months may not be preserved in memory but studies have increasingly found that early life experiences matter.

In humans and rats the hormones and brain circuits that influence the stress response are affected by early life experience Mendl said.


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if there was a variant of that gene that could be found in people exposed to pesticides who developed Parkinson's. 10 Things You Didn't Know About the Brain There were four pesticides the researchers found that appear to trigger an effect on enzymes called neuronal aldehyde dehydrogenases (ALDHS)

which are involved in processing the brain chemical dopamine. The researchers then looked at exposure to those four pesticides in a group of 360 people with Parkinson's who lived in central California


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and occurs when an artery to the brain is blocked. The women who ate the most potassium had a 10 percent lower risk of dying from any cause during the study period compared with women who had the lowest potassium intake.


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What amblypygids lack in teeth they don't even have stingers they make up for in smarts as they sport impressive brains.

Specifically they have known the largest mushroom body (a brain structure found in some invertebrates) of any arthropod relative to their body size.


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while another was trying to brain me with his mace but that gave him a heavy-footed stance


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Brain functioning and nervous system health The B6 vitamins in potatoes are critical to maintaining neurological health.

Vitamin b6 helps create useful brain chemicals including serotonin dopamine and norepinephrine according to the University of Maryland Medical center.

Potatoes'high level of carbohydrates may have some advantages including helping maintain good levels of glucose in the blood which is necessary to proper brain functioning.

Potassium which encourages the widening of blood vessels also helps ensure your brain gets enough blood.


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Basically the nutrients found in healthy foods appear to work together to cause the brain to produce the feel-good hormone#serotonin


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Paralleling the Homo lineage's development of tools was a rapid expansion in brain volume eventually tripling in Homo neanderthalensis and Homo sapiens by about 200000 years ago.


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When facial skin and muscles are exposed to cold water particularly in babies the body prepares for oxygen loss by shunting more blood circulation from the heart to the brain.

This reflex allows the brain to survive longer without oxygen when the body is submerged under water.

For instance Khroma's brain was smaller than a newborn elephant's brain suggesting mammoths may have had a shorter gestational period than modern elephants Fisher said.


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Folic acid also known as folate when found in foods is A b vitamin that is crucial in helping to prevent birth defects in the baby's brain and spine known as neural tube defects.

She described protein as a builder nutrient because it helps to build important organs in the baby such as the brain and heart.

Mercury is a metal that can be harmful to a baby's developing brain. Canned light tuna has less mercury

and can be harmful to an unborn baby's developing brain kidneys and nervous system. Unpasteurized food:


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The Neuroscience Ig Nobel was awarded to a team for their study into the brain processes that underlie the odd phenomenon called face pareidolia

and a face in the rocky formations on Mars. In their brain-scanning study the scientists Jiangang Liu Jun Li Lu Feng Ling Li Jie Tian

Their trippy brain study is detailed in the April 2014 issue of the journal Cortex.

Fluffy may also impart a nasty parasite called Toxoplasma gondii to its pet-loving owner causing changes to its owner's brain the reseachers write in 2013 in the online journal PLOS ONE.

Recent studies have suggested that this parasite may actually contribute to human psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia and obsessive compulsive disorder as well as other brain pathologies they added.#


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) and Sergio and Vivien Pellis'sthe Playful Brain (Oneworld 2010. Clearly there could well be physical and social consequences of being too happy


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The inability to metabolize alcohol as quickly as it is consumed can lead to a buildup of alcohol in the brain that shuts down areas necessary for survival such as those involved with heartbeat

because the drug interferes with the development of the brain while it is still maturing Baler said. 10 Facts Every Parent Should Know About Their Teen's Brain Smoking marijuana interferes with connections being made in the brain at a time

when the brain should be at a clear state of mind and accumulating memory and data and good experiences that should be laying out the foundation for the future Baler said.

How much you're impaired depends on the person and how much you smoke Baler said. Because some people are stoned a lot of the time


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and transmitting them to an implant in his brain wearables are being created to assist people who are disabled.


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and an electric current passed through his entire body including the optic nerve the nerve that connects the back of the eye to the brain.</


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which controls many functions in the brain including mood and behaviour. The body makes it from the natural amino acid tryptophan

This binds to receptors in the brain known as cannabinoid receptors. These receptors were originally found to be sensitive to the most important psychoactive molecule in cannabis Î-THC.

It is said often that our brain produces phenylethylamine when we fall in love and it acts by producing endorphins the brain s natural feel-good#molecules.

The bad news however is that eating chocolate is probably not the best way of getting our hands on phenylethylamine as enzymes in our liver degrade it before it can reach the brain.

There are yet more other molecules in chocolate especially in dark chocolate like flavonoids which some scientists think may help improve cardiovascular health


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Aside from animal welfare concerns the new findings suggest that dairy farmers have long been overlooking the brain development of their cows by depriving them of social interaction in their early weeks.#

#Suspecting that these problems might be rooted in the brain and not just an example of social awkwardness Weary and colleagues separated 18 calves from their mothers within six hours of birth.


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The study found that people who are in the habit of eating rice often are more likely to also eat diets that are consistent with the recommendations in the U s. Dietary Guidelines. 6 Foods That Are Good For Your Brain A previous found similar results:


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which the body converts to serotonin the mood-elevating brain neurotransmitter Flores said. Plus Vitamin b6 can help you sleep well


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That's the way the brain works. It's not that you have one brain that does the recognition

and one that does movement; it's a network that feeds on itself. Building that facial muscle memory also helps players recognize their own emotions


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Basic development continues at this point with the brain spinal code heart and gastrointestinal tract beginning to form.


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where he was treated to video images of healthy and cancer-riddled brains, and praised the research made possible by the agency's spending of $5 billion out of the $10. 4 billion it got in economic stimulus funds.


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Steinberg's interests include brain development in adolescents and its implications for juvenile criminal justice.


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what the clones could reveal about the function of the brain. With the differences between species in disposition and cognition, dogs are tremendously valuable to basic genetic studies of higher brain order.

By getting rid of the genetic variation among individuals within a species, cloned dogs will significantly raise the value of this data

We can get the best brains, he says.


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Planting trees can shift water flow: Nature Newsplanting trees, which can significantly help to reduce atmospheric carbon dioxide,


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There is no clear link between mobile-phone use and the risk of brain cancer, according to a major study published this week (The INTERPHONE Study Group Int. J. Epidemiol. doi:


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but Stoltz and colleagues'study suggests that it is because of CFTR's action in the brain.

Normally, the brain's pituitary gland releases growth hormone, which travels to the liver and spurs the production and release of IGF1.


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Research Brain atlas debuts A genetic and anatomical map of the human brain, bankrolled by Microsoft cofounder Paul Allen,

The Seattle, Washington-based Allen Brain science Institute's human brain atlas (www. brain-map. org) logged gene expression patterns and biochemical activity at 1,

000 locations in brains donated by two people, generating a total of 100 million data points.

The US$55-million project follows a mouse brain atlas released in 2006, and a map of the mouse spinal cord two years later.


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and Cologne, injected stem cells from bone marrow into the brain, spinal cord and other body parts of patients.


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Coles told the meeting that magnetic resonance imaging showed that subjects taking alemtuzumab had lost also less brain volume than those taking Rebif, a proxy measure for overall tissue damage.

a condition caused by the body's own immune system attacking the myelin sheath that normally protects the nerves and speeds up neurological signals in the brain and spinal cord.


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and the brain. http://www. sfn. org/am2011/16 november The Commission on Sustainable agriculture and Climate Change ¢â a global task force of senior scientists and government advisers Â


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Mercury poisoning can cause vomiting and diarrhoea and, in more extreme cases, brain or kidney damage.


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California, suppresses food cravings by mimicking the effects of serotonin in the brain. The agency rejected the drug two years ago because of safety concerns,


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focusing on materials for health and medicine. go. nature. com/tej8lw23-25 august The brain s connectome

along with other ways of mapping neurons and neuronal circuits features on the agenda of the 3rd Annual Aspen Brain Forum in Colorado. aspenbrainforum. com


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Phones and tumours Italy s highest civil court has stated that mobile phones can cause brain tumours to the dismay of medical experts who say no study has proven a clear causal link between health risks


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enter the spinal fluid and travel straight to the brain, an environment where the immune system has a very difficult time eliminating or even just controlling infection.

Then, in some fatal cases, the fungal filaments began to grow in the brain, attracting platelets and white


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They have proliferated around the ant's brain and between surrounding muscle fibers but have not entered the brain,

glands or muscles, making the manipulation all the more amazing. Ants appear to die within six hours after their final bite.


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Its brain was folded highly, and it had three pairs of molars on each jaw.""It s like bringing a fuzzy photo into focus,


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Neuroscientist Christopher Connolly of the University of Dundee, UK, who has studied the effect of neonicotinoids in bee brains,


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Neuroscience goal Researchers met for the first time to begin planning the US National Science Foundation s part in the Brain Research through Advancing Innovative Neurotechnologies initiative an ambitious bid to understand the brain s signals


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Brain-implant trial A deep-brain stimulation (DBS) device that not only delivers electrical pulses, but also records brain activity simultaneously, has been implanted in a person for the first time.

there has been a lack of data on how the brain responds to DBS, which is used to treat motor disorders such as Parkinson s disease,


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Ira Wyman/Sygma/Corbisnobel laureate dies David Hubel, a Nobel-prizewinning neuroscientist who mapped the brain s visual system,

Massachusetts, worked with Torsten Wiesel to show how neural signals evoked by light are transmitted from retinal cells in the eye to the brain s visual cortex,


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Brain implant Patients with epilepsy who fail to respond to medications could benefit from a newly approved brain implant.

and detects abnormal electrical activity in the brain, delivering corrective electrical stimulation preemptively to the brain areas in

which epileptic seizures are thought to originate. Malaria strategy Researchers should aim to develop malaria vaccines by 2030 that can reduce the disease by 75,


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and interpreting changes in amyloid protein in the brain, as well as other biomarkers linked to Alzheimer s disease. go. nature. com/oi5wkp


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the brains of female goats showed a sudden increase in the activity of the gonadotropin-releasing hormone (Gnrh) pulse generator the neural regulator of reproduction.


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