Video Reveals Bubbly Science Behind Brewing Beer A batch of Sierra nevada Bigfoot Barleywine bubbles and froths in this time-lapse video produced by Sierra nevada Brewing Company.
Very simply beer is made by extracting sugar from grains and fermenting these sugars with yeast to turn them into alcohol.
Wort is the sticky sweet liquid extracted from mashing grains like barley or wheat. Hops are small green conelike fruits from a vine plant that provide flavor.
When yeast is added to the mix it eats up all the sugar in the wort and spits out carbon dioxide and alcohol as waste products.
Bigfoot Barleywine is a limited edition strong ale that Sierra nevada releases each January. Follow Livescience@livescience Facebook & Google+.
which are used commonly to make the still-popular fermented dairy beverage known as kefir. The team also made their own homemade kefir
while harmful bacteria thrive on sugars and alcohols. So consume more fiber-packed foods such as leafy greens oatmeal and whole grains.
and sediment to streams and groundwater greatly affecting Navajos'drinking and irrigation water supplies in the future according to a new University of Colorado report published in May about climate change and adaptation on the Navajo Nation.
The vessels containing provision the cases filled with liquor are broken Houckgeest wrote. Though the mission wouldn't open up the country to the Dutch the emperor warmly welcomed the visitors.
In addition to meats and other foods to be considered kosher wines and grape-based products must be made by a Jewish producer.
and replace it with a beautiful drought-tolerant garden that doesn't need precious drinking water
and beverages to name just a few. The problem is that it s often difficult to substantiate the health claims made about probiotics.
and eliminates any milk or juice that pools in the mouth. Pooled milk or juice that sits in an infant s mouth for a long time can cause the teeth to decay as they erupt#she told Live Science.
This is called#baby bottle tooth decay.##According to the National institutes of health your baby should start teething between 6 and 8 months though some children do not begin to teethe until later.
If the drinking water in your area is fluoridated give your child tap water to drink. Bottled water does not have fluoride.#
Milk juice formula and even breast milk contain sugars that can cause tooth decay. Therefore the National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research suggests that parents who like to give their babies a bottle during naptime
The scales drink tree juices so more scales are bad for trees. A couple of degrees warming can make the difference between a stately shade tree and a sad bedraggled specimen with dead branches sparse leaves and grimy scale-encrusted bark.
Heavy drinking and alcoholism can result in chronically low magnesium levels and gastrointestinal conditions such as Crohn's disease and celiac disease can also deplete magnesium levels.
During that period hangings became drunken public celebrations with crowds of people gathering to drink eat fight buy
or apple juice Shreffler said. That's because the food's allergy-causing protein is broken easily down by cooking or processing.
limit or avoid alcohol; avoid red meats and processed meats; and avoid grilled broiled or fried meats. 10 New Ways to Eat Well The overall recommendation is to favor plant-based foods said lead author Joseph Gonzales a registered dietician with the PCRM.
or alcohol as the PCRM recommends said Colleen Doyle a registered dietician and director for nutrition and physical activity for the American Cancer Society.
But you don't need to be a teetotaler or vegetarian to significantly reduce your cancer risk she added.
or avoid alcohol to reduce the risk of cancers of the mouth pharynx larynx esophagus colon rectum and breast.
The PCRM reports that one drink per week increases the risk of mouth pharynx and larynx cancers by 24 percent;
two to three drinks per day increase the risk of colorectal cancer by 21 percent.
Also a drink a day seems to promote heart health. The American Cancer Society recommends that people limit their alcohol intake to no more than two drinks per day for men and one per day for women (in part because of women's smaller average body size.
5. Avoid red and processed meats to reduce the risk of cancers of the colon and rectum.
and other threats to their critically important soda lakes where they feed and breed. African Grey Parrots aggregate in tremendous numbers around fruiting trees and at forest openings rich in salts in Central African forests.
Orange juice is packed also with nutrients but does not contain the fiber of a whole orange.
when drinking orange juice than when eating an orange warns the Centers for Disease Control. Here are the nutrition facts about oranges from the U s. Food and Drug Administration
A 2010 study published in the journal Nutrition Research found that drinking orange juice for 60 days decreased low-density lipoprotein (LDL cholesterol or bad cholesterol) in people with high cholesterol.
and orange juice in the first two years of life may reduce the risk of childhood leukemia.
since salsa's spicy blend of tomatoes peppers onion garlic and other flavors heralded the dawn of more sophisticated cosmopolitan taste buds.
Arm and leg buds may begin developing at this point but at that small size they are not yet distinguishable.
At this point and throughout the pregnancy you should avoid alcohol caffeine recreational drugs and smoking.
Citrus foods are also naturally high in folate so a calcium-enriched orange juice is a great addition to any breakfast.
At this point and throughout the pregnancy you should avoid alcohol caffeine recreational drugs and smoking.
Citrus foods are also naturally high in folate so a calcium-enriched orange juice is a great addition to any breakfast.
compared with 2, 000-3, 000 renminbi for rice or tea. Unless the market takes into account the value of ecosystem services lost owing to the cultivation of rubber and other crops,
to ensure they have drinking water. In the flood plains, people are raising their homes on stilts or earthen platforms.
300 million people are faced with drinking-water shortages and 15.3 million hectares of farmland-13%of the country's total-are stricken by drought every year.
Iran last week allowed inspectors from the International atomic energy agency to visit a heavy-water nuclear reactor near the city of Arak,
The country last year withdrew access to the 40-megawatt Arak reactor, which is currently under construction
It uses lithium iron phosphate in the cathodes, and is currently in a patent dispute with the University of Texas in Austin,
After a bitter and lengthy controversy over water management, four hydroelectric dams on the Klamath River in Oregon and California will be removed to restore salmon runs.
That's the conclusion of a suite of studies that marks the latest chapter in a bitter environmental debate over its benefits
as a fermentation substrate for beer and as a dye for clothing. Most researchers think that humans in the middle Stone age which began around 300
many thought that truffles could be like cheese or wine, in that the microflora and yeast living on the truffles played a vital role in releasing volatile compounds,
white wine truffle sauce or truffled risotto are likely to wrinkle their noses at the thought of button mushrooms that have been engineered to smell like the real thing.
and for about 70%of the drinking water in the dry northern and northwestern regions. According to Opportunities and Challenges in the Chinese Groundwater Science
The European Court of Justice Europe's top court, based in Luxembourg ruled on 6 july that Monsanto couldn't bar imports of the soya meal.
such as Andrew Montford who maintains the blog Bishop Hill. I find the review pretty appalling,
Phosphate fertilizer warning for China: Nature Newsresearchers are warning that inappropriate management of phosphate fertilizer
and animal manure in China has resulted in serious water pollution and substantial waste of phosphorus, a nonrenewable inorganic chemical.
In its phosphate form, phosphorus is a vital part of the cell's genetic material, and is also found in adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the main energy carrier in cells.
Chinese researchers presented their findings on China's phosphate use at the 4th International Symposium on Phosphorus Dynamics in the Plant-Soil Continuum in Beijing.
An unpublished study by Zhang and colleagues, presented at the symposium, traced how the country has boosted steadily its use of phosphate over three decades.
close to 80%of cropland in China contained less than 10 milligrams of phosphate available to plants per kilogram of soil indicating a phosphate deficiency.
Since then, the Chinese government has created a series of policies to encourage the production and use of phosphate fertilizer.
But with phosphate use increasing at a rate of 5%per year, 85 million tonnes has accumulated in the soil.
The average phosphate content in the soil has tripled nearly and only a quarter of cropland is deficient in this nutrient now,
Such heavy fertilizer use has made China one of the biggest consumers of phosphate fertilizer. Last year, it used 11 million tonnes,
With ever-increasing food demand, there is no sign that phosphate use in China will dwindle.
Zhang says that there should be a national network for monitoring the build up or deficiency of phosphate in soils,
and maintain the soil phosphate content at a level that is optimal for crop yields, Zhang says. This'build up and maintenance'strategy alone could reduce current levels of phosphate fertilizer use by more than 20,
%he estimates. In addition technologies are needed to improve the efficiency of phosphate use by plants, researchers at the symposium said;
in most cases, they estimate, plants take up less than 15%of phosphate in the soil. Zhang and his colleagues are trying to crank that up by manipulating the chemistry and biology of the rhizosphere, the narrow layer of soil surrounding roots.
Many researchers also called for better livestock management. Livestock rearing is increasingly hugely in China, and phosphate concentrations in animal feed in the country are much higher than Western standards,
says Zhang. With a limited labour force but ample subsidized chemical fertilizer available in most of rural China, dumping this phosphate-rich animal manure into waterways has become an easier and cheaper option than using it to fertilize cropland.
A pollution census conducted by China's government earlier this year earlier this year see'China takes stock of environment')found that livestock is the largest contributor to run off pollution from the land into waterways,
an ecologist at the Beijing-based Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, examined phosphate run off into Lake Tai,
It found that the area of land from which water drains into the lake exports more than 6 kilograms of phosphate per hectare-most
This is an amazing amount of phosphate run off, says Peter Kleinman, a soil scientist at Pennsylvania State university in University Park,
According to Zhang, 3. 3 million tonnes of phosphate fertilizer nearly a third of China's total consumption could be saved
says Ofer Bar-Yosef, an archaeologist at Harvard university in Cambridge, Massachusetts, who was involved not in the study.
Bar-Yosef says that the study proves that flour-making was common to early modern humans.
says archaeologist Aren Maeir of Bar-Ilan University in Ramat Gan, Israel. It could take months
Almost all species showed earlier bud burst, but some had years of abnormal bud-burst timing
because they had chilled not enough over the winter. Many models of climate change's effects on the growing season don't deal with the internal climate-control system by which plants respond to seasonal temperature changes,
and the local environment Independent measurements taken in November by the international environmental organization Greenpeace confirm that tap water
Red wine drug Drug company Glaxosmithkline (GSK) has halted all development of a proprietary formulation of resveratrol a chemical found in red wine
The error bars are 100, %he says. The water muddies even more when it comes to seagrasses.
Perchlorate ruling The US Environmental protection agency (EPA) will start to regulate perchlorate in drinking water 墉 a significant moment in a debate that has raged since the late 1990s,
and lower reaches of the Yangtze that has devastated farmland and left millions of people short of drinking water.
Ancient greek ships carried more than just wine: Nature Newsa DNA analysis of ancient storage jars suggests that Greek sailors traded a wide range of foods not just wine,
as many historians have assumed. The study, in press at the Journal of Archaeological Science1, finds evidence of vegetables,
The researchers found grape DNA as would be expected for containers of wine in only five of the nine jars,
Foley says historians tend to assume that these containers were used mainly to transport wine in a survey of 27 peer-reviewed studies describing 5
860 amphorae, he found that 95%of the jars were described as having carried the beverage.
but it yielded only a Carling Black Label beer can from the 1950s. So they gained permission from Greek authorities to test amphorae that had been held in storerooms in Athens since their retrieval as many as 20 years ago.
He says the team's results fit with other archaeological and written evidence suggesting wine
F. KRAUSTINIEST frogs This tiny adult female frog (Paedophryne dekot) is the world's smallest tetrapod, according to Fred Kraus at the Bishop Museum in Honolulu
biomass stoves, brick kilns and coke ovens. Other measures would reduce the burning of agricultural waste
'which bring multinational companies such as beverage firm Pepsico, agricultural biotech giant Monsanto and retailer Walmart together with producers and environmentalists to negotiate environmental certification standards for products such as soya beans, palm oil,
Researchers refer to environmental DNA studies as meta-bar-coding, because they rely on DNA bar codes:
short DNA sequences that uniquely identify a species. Bar-coding makes it possible to distinguish between two species of butterfly, for example,
and existing bar-coding databases tend to contain the longer stretches that were identified with old DNA sequencing technologies.
including powders, tablets and teas. Focusing on DNA from chloroplasts and mitochondria energy-producing structures in cells that have their own genomes the researchers produced 49,000 genetic sequences.
According to the leaders of the UK arm of the Tomato Genome Consortium, Graham Seymour at the University of Nottingham and Gerard Bishop, formerly of Imperial College London,
and food manufacturers Coca-cola, Pepsico and Nestlã have contributed each more than $1 Â million to the campaign;
and secure safe drinking water for all Americans today and for years to come. I will modernize the federal laws
and improving the nation s drinking water and sanitation infrastructure. The Internet plays a central role in both our economy and our society.
That, combined with the cost of pure ethanol, has meant that"the share of alcohol in our transport fuel matrix has dropped from 55%in 2008 to 35,
they noted, comparing the stumbling gait with a drunkard's walk. The clumsiness cannot, however, be blamed on the ant.
the country abandoned coffee for the tea it is associated with today. The disease is so universal that it"is not going to be eradicated;
Wildlife trade meeting endorses DNA testing of seized ivoryif you go into a bar in Bangkok tonight,
Options include buying the gas from a local beer and soft-drinks factory and producing it independently,
similar to the magnetic field of a bar magnet. If that is so, pear-shaped nuclei should have the strongest electric dipoles,
Chemical forensics confirm French wine had early rootsfrance is renowned for its mastery of winemaking, but when did the country begin its love affair with the vine?
A chemical analysis of archaeological artefacts finds evidence that wine was being produced in the south of France by the fifth century bc."
A thousand years later, Greek and Phoenician merchants had begun shipping wine throughout the Mediterranean region, each in their own distinctively shaped jars called amphorae.
By 600 bc, the Etruscans of central Italy were trading their wine along The french Mediterranean coast.
wine-loving Greeks established a colony at Massalia (present-day Marseilles, France. A team led by Mcgovern has investigated now items from the ancient coastal town of Lattara,
which occurs in grapes, in all of the jars strong evidence that they once contained wine.
or added to give the wine medicinal properties. A limestone platform (see picture), dated to about 425-400 bc,
"The combination of botanical and chemical evidence makes a pretty tight argument that wine was being produced at Lattara,
"There s been a lot of hypothesizing about shipping wine across the Mediterranean, he adds.""But it s never been shown chemically.
Archaeologists already knew that the people of Massalia had been distributing local wine in their own amphorae
Although no wine presses have been found at Massalia, Dietler thinks that it is only a matter of time before one turns up.
This indicates that they were used for carrying wine, he says, because the pitch would have dissolved in oil
along with then-provost Vistasp Karbhari, sought police protection for themselves from biologist Amy Bishop, without warning or protecting others.
On 12 Â February 2010, Bishop shot six colleagues during a faculty meeting, killing three.
is trying to use genes from grape varieties to engineer a wine grape that is resistant to Pierce s disease a condition caused by a bacterium that has made it difficult to grow wine grapes in the state.
such as wine grapes and the sugar maple trees used to make maple syrup.""Climate changes are impacting the everyday lives of real people,
Gregory Jones of Southern Oregon University in Ashland, who studies the effects of climate change on wine grapes,
The authors have called on the US Food and Drug Administration to bar the practice. See go. nature. com/jqccur and page 253 for more.
but it turns out it's a friend to coffee drinkers all the same. Research in Costa rica shows that hungry warblers
and other birds significantly reduce damage by a devastating coffee pest, the coffee berry borer beetle.
hungry birds warded off beetles from coffee beans worth around 4%of the total value of the annual crop.
was added to their drinking water. See'Rat study sparks GM furore'.'At the 28 november press conference, Corinne Lepage, a Member of the European parliament and former French environment minister, said that SÃ ralini s paper asked"good questions about the long-term toxicity of GMOS GM
says Sun. The researchers found that Sporothrix sp. 1 also increased the trees'production of diacetone alcohol,
Nearly everything about Amborella is fodder for a botanist s pub quiz. It grows natively in 18 known spots on the New Caledonian island of Grande terre in the South Pacific,
Swiss grants crisis The swiss government has stepped in to offer substitute grants in the wake of a move that bars researchers in the country from applying to the European Research Council (ERC.
but the crew mistakenly thought that the water came from his drinking tube. The close-call spacewalk would have been postponed
#TECHNOLOGY MEETS TRADITION SPONSORED ARTICLE It s not often you get an assignment from Popular Science to film a whisky distillery in Scotland especially not one as steeped in tradition as Glenfiddich.
or Glasgow our location is well off the beaten track deep in Scotland s Speyside whisky country and one of the last family-owned distilleries.
and pioneering spirit required to endure in this tough countryside. The distillery located just outside picturesque Dufftown sits in the shadow of Balvenie Castle.
But as we discover on our first scouting mission there is far more to its unassuming buildings and warehouses than meets the eye.
Our first stop is the mash house where malted barley begins its long journey to your whisky glass.
Next we visit is the âÂ#Âoestillã¢Â# house where beery wort is distilled into liquor.
and never emptied a technique borrowed from Spanish sherry makers. Very fitting then that the reason we are here is to use a cutting edge interactive video technology to make an immersive tour experience for those people who are not lucky enough to visit the distillery themselves a tour that reveals Glenfiddich s art and science of whisky making.
The tour app will be available on itunes November 2013 l
#Spain Considers Release Of Genetically Modified Olive Fruit Fliesa company involved in creating genetically modified mosquitos has another project nearing outdoor testing.
A few rounds of beer helped the group settle on an idea: The team would build a giant interactive musical tree later dubbed the Treequencer.
and having a drink you could be told you are polluting the world with you food contained in plastic.
and drinking that to get minerals...just saying@mosaic i understand your wishes but as I read teh REALSTATE options availbe most properties are considered unknown.
The workers at the space station use the water for drinking and growing plants. This water is part of them.
We've set the bar incredibly low he says. For the errors worrisome enough to require human hands back on the wheel Google's crew of young testers have been trained in extreme driving techniques including emergency braking high-speed lane changes
Finally thiis is Popular Science for Christ's sake not for your drunken bashing on products.
Well then lovers of single malt Scotch whisky you re in luck. Glenfiddich and Popsci would like to invite you to our live Facebook Q&a event on Thursday December 12th where we will be discussing the perfect single malt Scotch whisky
and anything and everything that goes into the science of making it. The Glenfiddich range of single malt Scotch whiskeys has received more awards since 2000 than any other single malt Scotch whiskey in two of the world s most prestigious competitions the International Wine & Spirit
Competition and the International Spirits Challenge. A Glenfiddich expert will be hosting this session to answer
and educate our Popsci readers on the Science Behind Whisky. Therefore we are pretty sure that the secrets of a great tasting single malt Scotch whisky are going to be unearthed.
So please join us for this exciting look into the history and science behind something that tastes so good you need answers as to why!
A preview of questions that could beã¢Â# Ã
#Find A Blue Chicken Egg? Congrats, Your Chicken Has A Virushere in the U s. our eggs mostly come in two colors:
Also a bar magnet quickly loses its power yet the Earth's magnetic field has been around for billions of years
Together they began building his distillery by hand and on Christmas day of 1887 the first drop flowed from the copper stills.
Continuing in their pioneering spirit Glenfiddich presents Age of Discovery. This malt aged exclusively in first-fill bourbon casks for a minimum of 19 years showcases the exceptional skills of Glenfiddich's expert team of coopers who tend to the barrels and of Glenfiddich's sixth Malt Master
Brian Kinsman. To learn more about the fascinating world of single malts visitglenfiddich. COMSKILLFULLY CRAFTED.
Glenfiddich Single Malt Scotch whisky. 40%alc/vol. 2013 Imported by William Grant & Sons New york NY.
New American oak barrels are used by distilleries in the U s. to age bourbon and rye.
Once these distilleries have aged their whiskey the casks are shipped to Scotland. The first time we fill the barrels they are known as first fill barrels.
American oak imparts the whisky with compounds such as esters lactones and phenols. One such compound known colloquially as whisky lactone produces a strong coconut flavor in the finished dram.
Vanillin another compound extracted from the oak unsurprisingly contributes an aroma of vanilla. But because freshly charred oak has high levels of these aromatic compounds casks made from it can overpower the more delicate flavors of a Speyside malt.
Instead Glenfiddich uses barrels that have contributed already much of the wood's flavoring compounds to American bourbon.
and a whiff of a fine old orange liqueur balanced by dry almost smoky notes of oak tannin n
'Beauty Is in the Eye of the Beer Holder':'People Who Think They Are drunk Also Think They Are Attractive Laurent BÃ Â gue Brad J. Bushman Oulmann Zerhouni Baptiste Subra Medhi Ourabah British Journal of Psychology epub May 15 2012.
Ha Beer Holder. For: discovering that when dung beetles get lost they can navigate their way home by looking at the Milky way.
I first heat the peanut oil to 375 degrees so it will sear the juices in.
âÂ#Âoethe most incomprehensible thing about the universe is that it is comprehensibleã¢Â#Â-Albert Einsince this is a science blog There is no such thing as'sear the juices in'.
and letting out all the'juices'.'To obtain realy juicy meat you need to boil it.
but the best way to cook it is in the oven for 20 mins a pound at 325 degrees Celsius@Lookitmeagain you are right searing meat isn't searing in the juices as the food network would like you to believe (enter conspiracy of making us eat more carcinogens) J/kthe
'What keeps the juices in'.'Bad food (nowadays) meant usually Hienergy food and this kept us alive during an Iceage or other food deprived periods
The advantage in deep fried is that it cooks the turkey so fast that it doesn't have as much time to lose the juices.
-and-sugar water) then smoked it for 8 hours stuffed with apples and onions and herbs.
or beer and let it come to a slow boil. then take out and grill or bake
I can actually enjoy beers with the guests. OK lets get scientific about this When you place a turkey into vat full of heated oil.
Take a drink of whiskey (scotch) Step 3: Put turkey in the oven Step 4:
Take another 2 drinks of whiskey Step 5: Set the degree at 375 ovens Step 6:
Take 3 more whiskeys of drink Step 7: Turn oven the on Step 8: Take 4 whisks of drinky Step 9:
Whiskey another bottle of get Step 11: Stick a turkey in the thermometer Step 12:
Glass yourself a pour of whiskey Step 13: Bake the whiskey for 4 hours Step 14:
Take the oven out of the turkey Step 15: Floor the turkey up off of the pick Step 16:
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