eliza. paicu@yahoo. com Professor Phd Adrian Dumitru TANTAU Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Romania
ad tantau@yahoo. com Abstract Given the limited amount of research written about the open innovation practices of companies located in
As technology investor Bill Joy of Sun microsystems explains, a fundamental premise of open innovation is â€oenot all the smart people work for youâ€,
the mobile phone industry, the digital amplifier industry, the open source software industry, the mobile operating system Android
the biopharmaceutical industry, Procter&gamble, Italcementi, Deutsche telekom, Innocentive Roche or the Dutch special materials company DSM (Schroll, and Mild, 2011
Trends such as outsourcing, agility, and flexibility had forced already companies to reconsider their strategies and processes in other areas,
growth of the Internet, through social networking, Web conferencing and instant messaging Collins (2006) proposes the key to successful innovation lies as much in the ability to
of relevant knowledge sites, forcing firms to access external knowledge to support their value chain activities (Rothaermel and Hess, 2007) and, thus,
research centres, competitors, groups of product users (Duarte and Sarkar, 2011), development partners, both public
business associations, internet sales and service units, internal research and development units and academia. The literature is rich in providing evidence on customer and employees driven
organization†s core competencies to its rival organizations. Therefore, knowledge sharing is a potential risk because the organization may lose its competitive edge over its competitors
since leaking critical internal resources and disclosure of core competencies to cooperation partners may alter the aim and ethic of the open innovation process.
Collaboration among partners, the core process of open innovation, entails a variety of risks that alter the purpose.
-review/files/countries-sheets/2012/romania en. pdf 8. Fleming, L. 2001) â€oerecombinant uncertainty in technological searchâ€, Management
three core process archetypesâ€, Proceedings of the R&d Management Conference (RADMA), Lisbon 13. Hess, A m.,Rothaermel, F. T. 2011.
http://ec. europa. eu/enterprise/policies/innovation/files/ius-2011 en. pdf 16. Jarillo, J. C. 1993), †Strategic Networks:
2002) Performance assessment of the lead user idea-generation process for New Product Development, Management Science, 48 (8), pp. 1042-1060
A great deal of additional information on the European union is available on the Internet. It can be accessed through the Europa
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An Experiential Design Process and Holistic Model of User Experience for Supporting User Co-creation...
Youth unemployment & Innovation & Data analysis...90 CHAPTER III OPEN INNOVATION 2. 0 IN A REAL-WORLD SETTING...
Smart Fabric to Big data: from One Innovation to Two Promising Businesses...111 The Open European Youth Innovation Framework (Openeyifâ¢..
in Europe to get us all on a path to sustainable intel -ligent living. Indeed conference attendees voted on
the Innovation High Level Panel which will report its finding under the Italian Presidency of the EU
Intel Labs Europe, Intel. Corp Foreword 5 Uptake Open Innovation 2. 0 in your projects
users, across the whole innovation ecosystems Important is not only the quadruple helix innov -ation but also the active search of entirely new
Last name First name Company/Organisation email Aarts Emile Eindhoven University of Technology, Intelligent Lighting Institute e. h. l. aarts@tue. nl
Curley Martin Intel Labs Europe & National University of Ireland Maynooth, Innovation Value Institute martin. g. curley@intel. com
den Ouden Elke Eindhoven University of Technology, Intelligent Lighting Institute e d. ouden@tue. nl Golebiowska-Tataj Daria European Institute of Innovation and Technology daria. tataj@eit. europa. eu
Rannou Herve Cityzen Data & ITEMS International herve. rannou@items. fr Rantakokko Mika University of Oulu
Center for Internet Excellence Oulu Innovation Alliance mika. rantakokko@cie. fi Roos Jaspar Future Ideas EU & Chief Humor Officer jaspar@futureideas. eu
talk about Open Ecosystems, Big data, Youth Innov -ation, Smart Cities and two very special, but inter
Real world settings, user experience and clear process to embed the feedback in the design process are shown in several practical cases, in
Open hardware devel -opment is emerging in tangible products and is very interesting from the investors†perspective, as it
user-centric †thingsâ€. The article discusses also the new business model opportunities in light of a case
-ple, they analyse the Future Internet PPP funded by the European commission during the period 2011-2016.
solutions with modern approach of using data (and especially big data) as driver for future growth
The new educational challenges together with the stated incentives can be very impactful when it
Open data and open platforms create a strong raw material basis for new enterprises and young
especially related to mobile and wireless tech -nologies. The evolution from a successful inward -looking cluster to ecosystem-centric open approach
in lifestyle communities in the Internet of things Iot) context. Quite an interesting example on wear -ables and citizen-generated data,
including data management which provides additional value for the community, is discussed. Important boost for this sector to grow is the open plug-in platform for
devices both from hardware and system level Chatterjee describes quite an interesting approach to entrepreneurship and growth.
The Openeyif Open European Youth Innovation Framework sets a blueprint for an open innovation ecosystem
for young entrepreneurs focusing on Open Innov -ation as process. This three-stage new ecosystem
do we transform our organisations from data-to design-driven innovation? Or do need we to trans
such as digitisation, mass collaboration, and sus -tainability needs is creating a unique opportunity to enable an explosive increase in shared value due
Information technology will play a special role because IT can supply the necessary connectiv -ity and enable social networking among innovators
and the communities they serve There is much that needs to be done to properly establish OI2 in Europe.
such as the Intel. Labs Joint Pathfinding process create mechanisms that are able to span the so
Telecommunication networks deployed in the ser -vice of increased social interaction are a key char
analysing the power of Robert Metcalfe†s Ethernet design, the value of telecommunication networks grows as an exponential function of the number of
intercommunicating nodes (10. Recent experiments such as the creation of wikis demonstrate how powerful communication networks can be when
A second core characteristic of the OI2 paradigm is the use of the quadruple helix model where gov
collision of three mega trends digitisation, mass collaboration, and sustainability. Across the world Moore†s law is colliding with virtually every domain
new to a user, organisation, focus area, or society Indeed, many successful innovations are adap -tions of existing ideas, products or services which
-ation is the fusion of a user need and a technologic -al opportunity. Ultimately there is only successful
innovation when a user, organisation and society perceives and receives value. †OI2 promotes the
role of the user to be an active participant in the innovative process from the very beginning and to
-tem orchestration, user experience innovation, and brand innovation User-driven innovation is a crucial part of the OI2
paradigm and is also a key lever for adoption because users co-create solutions that meet their
needs. Jean Claude Burgelman from European Commission correctly identified that the user has moved from being an object of research in the
innovation process, to being a contributor, and on to being a co-creator of the innovative outcome
is done for a user, the user co-participates in the innovation process as well as profiting from its out
-come. Apple†s App store is a great contemporary example of reverse innovation But also companies like Lego are adopting this
The European Internet Foundation†s seminal report on our Digital World in 2025 iden -tified mass collaboration as the dominant mega
the most well-known crowd funding site, raises on average more than a $1 million a day for entre
on websites such as Kickstarter is correlated well to the amount of contacts one has on social media
showing the importance of networking and the net -work effect Another key concept for creating successful innov
a social networking site, or be an admixture of both There must be a leader who is much like a theat
300 sites. It is imperative for the Living Labs to cre -ate attractive innovation ecosystems following the
user), where the innovation trials and scale up can happen more successfully due to strong engage -ment of the citizens in the regions.
users of the ideation and innovation processes. In this case, users are academics, industrialists, mem
-bers of government, and the citizens themselves In parallel, the importance of high-expectation entrepreneurs (HEES) is ever increasing.
incorporate the users as co-creators of the solution and not only being active in the piloting and valid
Having the user-driven experimenta -tion approach we ensure higher success rate but also the possibility to focus the development work
-ing more user-centric Competitions have been proven to be success -ful mobilising very large communities to solve the
by other actions focusing on web entrepreneurship young innovators and interlinking policy actions with H2020 as well
including citizens, users, or customers, in the development of innovative solu -tions. An engagement platform provides the necessary environment,
User Involvement, User Centricity, User Experience The role of the user has changed from being a research object,
to being a research contributor, and on to being a co -innovator. The locus of innovation has shifted from guessing about product
and service features users may want to user experience design to guarantee that features are desirable
#6: Openness to Innovation Society's posture is attuned toward embracing innovation. At the heart of this openness is a culture that embraces the
Beyond designing for user experience, OI2 defines innovation as co-creation of services and solutions which add value
orchestration, user experience innovation and brand innovation. Keeley et al. 2013 #14: Innovation Approaches Using Exponential Technologies
In OI2 we focus on designing for network effects where new users, players or transactions reinforce existing activities
Network effects accelerate growth in the number of users and in value creation. Networking is a socioeconomic process
Interview in Ubiquity, a peer-reviewed Web-based magazine, ACM Publication, December. ubiquity. acm. org
Ethernet: Distributed Packet Switching for Local Computer networks Communications of the ACM 19 (7: 395†405
Mulgan, G.,with Tucker, S.,Ali, R, . & Sanders, B. 2007 Social Innovation: What it is, Why it Matters, and How it
Intel Labs Europe, Intel. Corporation Chair Open Innovation Strategy and Policy Group martin. g. curley@intel. com
Bror Salmelin MSC Eng. Adviser, Innovation Systems EC Directorate General CONNECT Board member Open Innovation Strategy and Policy Group
users †be it the user industries or citizens By actively involving the user communities in the
innovation process as active subjects, not objects we can create solutions for new markets and elabor
and in which from the very beginning the user (s communities co-create the new products and ser
users get products and services they need, and the suppliers get scalable products and services.
-ing the users on board and integrating them into the innovation process from the very beginning will
end users will be much more dominant in the innov -ation process for modern products and services
An Experiential Design Process and Holistic Model of User Experience for Supporting User Coâ creation
Abstract This article introduces an experiential Design XD) process and a holistic model of User experi
-ence (UX) that were created recently within an EU research project named ELLIOT (Experiential Liv -ing Labs for the Internet of things.
Both the XD process and holistic UX model were empirically experimented along six different use cases within
domain of the Internet of things (Iot) based ser -vices. Results show that while users mostly per
-ceive the different facets of UX independently, their belonging dimensions should be balanced properly for positively contributing to product/service adop
value co-creation with users appear to be key fac -tors in reaching a higher rate of adoption of innov a
-tive IOT-based services. Finally, the resulting holis -tic UX model, XD process and use cases are briefly
Crowdsourcing at Nokia, explains (3: †innovation failâ ure rates have reached as much as 86 percent,(4) priâ
marily because of the lack of endâ user adoption; and often innovation developers don†t have specific knowâ
users, except in some cases as observed subjects and simply ignores users†potential contribution in
towards co-creating value with users in order to ensure a higher rate of product/service adoption
This kind of user co-creation approach was recently introduced by Curley and Salmelin (6) as a crucial
is also a key lever for adoption because users coâ create solutions that meet their needs. â€
including users to be engaged along the design process for co-cre -ating, exploring, experimenting and evaluating prod
expected by users (e g. reliability, affordability, social interaction, empathy, fun) and supporting features that would convince a large community of users to
adopt an innovative IOT-based product/service The XD process requires focusing on designing for
value that is progressively validated by UX evalu -ation until it reaches a targeted score. Hence, explor
community of users. This implies also to better understand the nature of repetitive or unique UX
Designing User Experience within Living Labs William Mitchell, Professor at the Medialab and School of architecture and City planning at MIT
argued that a Living Labs (LL) represents a user -centric research methodology for sensing, proto
as the integration of the users into the development process for ensuring highly reliable market evalu
especially users and also policy-makers, at the earl -ier stage of R & D. A LL is defined often as a user
-centred open innovation ecosystem integrating research and innovation within a Public-Private -People partnership through an iterative design
-ing and experimenting with users a product/ser -vice with the capacity to capture previous design
ENOLL Livings Labs (10) reveals that User Co-cre -ation and User Experience constitute the top two LL
practices for engaging users in the R & D process A Holistic View of User Experience
There is a considerable amount of publications dedi -cated to UX. There are many definitions of UX that
were discussed previously (8, 11) including the stand -ardised one from ISO 9241-210: †User Experience
is a person†s perceptions and responses that result from the use or anticipated use of a product, sysâ
/service, user profile and the context of use are fac -tors that influence user experience A literature review
and study on UX types, con -cepts, elements and their properties was carried out in order to create a holistic model (8). One of
-ating the overall level of user satisfaction. However 27 properties were explored within the six experi
log-data analysis, and data mining that allow iden -tifying patterns of behaviour and usages. see the
latest version of the three description tables pre -senting the experience types, elements and proper
progressively evolved into engaging user commu -nities in experience based design for co-creating value, exploring alternative scenarios,
design cycle until the highest level of user satisfac -tion is attained for inducing an appropriate rate of
-munity of users Figure 2: A Holistic View of User Experience 25 The main goal of the LL iterative XD process (see
Figure 3) consists in supporting the co-creation of value with users in order to result in the most
appropriate UX while sharing knowledge and crys -tallising the collective work of the LL stakehold
to evaluate the UX with collected data during the experimentation but also to anticipate it during
scenarios and artefacts are driven by users within a real life context through social, economical, edu -cational, technological and societal perspectives
Users can easily contribute to the co-creation of innovative scenarios and services including the
However, recruited users should fit with the usage context. For example, the Iot based Green Services
use case was launched with the innovative idea of getting real-time air quality that leads to multiple
users, such as: sport practitioners (e g. joggers asthmatic or allergenic people The Experiential Design Process According to Pallot and colleagues (16), the XD pro
-holders and especially users; explore alternative scen -arios in setting the scene through the use of differ
degree of adoption by user communities All these above described activities form an iter -ation cycle while feeding
user-centric process composed of research meth -odologies for sensing, prototyping, validating and refining complex solutions in multiple and evolv
to consider simultaneously the context, users, the existing and emerging technologies (e g. sensors actuators) for co-creating
-natives that allow experimenting them with users in real life situations. †Validating†is the outcome of
the proper level of user adoption The main goal of the iterative XD process is to sup
-ute to the increase of user adoption of innovative products/services. XD is the practice of designing
users. While a product/service influences UX through its form-features-aesthetic and usefulness as
well as usability, users often react on the basis of prior experiences and perceive this product/service
Users may also empathise with the people supporting the product/service and with other users when they get a chance to interact together
Considering the UX life cycle (17), on the one hand the focus Is anticipated on †UX€ with a group of
people (e g. lead users) imagining specific interac -tions with simulated artefacts. On the other hand the focus is rather on cumulative experience formed
value brought by touch user interface or percep -tual value through the aesthetic aspects. It could
with users and service providers to understand what value the service can bring, what problems the ser
for engaging all stakeholders, especially users, in the environment of augmented creativity. There is a strong analogy with †scenario thinking†(19) or †scen
was designed just as a user friendly artefact for consuming itunes online music Use Cases All use cases belong to the domain of the Internet
of Things (Iot) based services, namely: Logistic Ser -vices (LS), Wellbeing Services (WS), Green Services
GS), Retail Services (RS), Environmental Services ES) and Healthcare Services (HS The logistics Use Case
The logistics use-case, set up within the BIBA and Logdynamics Living Lab (LL) environment, follows
-tored through various types of data logs, making it possible to collect data on frequency of attend
-ance and quality of usage. The activity in the Media scenario experimentation phase consisted of the investigation of the outcomes gained from
were discussed regarding the way data was col -lected, as well as the technical solutions proposed to address these.
users involved in the game The Tourism Service Scenario aims to promote physical activity as a well-being tool for health
a wearable monitoring device, a smartphone app. and a web portal. This service is evaluated involving volunteer participants into a minimum
3-day usage experience where they wear the monitoring device and use the related smartphone
application and web portal. In this way they are able to monitor their body performance indicators during daily activities.
At the end of the experience a questionnaire based on different aspects was given to each participant to explore the scenario
were set up in a temporary store where data were collected and analysed together. This temporary
help user to become more aware regarding nutritional behaviours (i e. showing nutrient data and healthy diets;
provide mobility information regarding the hospital private automatic metro line and the public transportation system of Milan
been attended by various types of users, such as patients, occasional visitors, returning visitors, clin -icians, employees and others.
Users are involved in an indirect way here: UX model analyses have been carried out based on data acquired from vending
machine (such as products or bounce rate Figure 6: The Wellbeing Use Case 29 The Green Services Use Case
Iot-based services with a set of stakeholders on air quality and noise measurement via citizen
sensing. During the XD process involving 50 active users, a platform called Mygreenservices has been co-designed with respect of data privacy, offering
various green services such as the visualization of environmental data collected by citizen, the alert services via mail or SMS, the ability to download
data, the gamified forum for sharing ideas and best practices in terms of eco-responsible behaviours Each participant can access to more details of his
sensed data. In addition to the equipped city car two types of citizen air sensors were provided dur
-ing the two 16-days experiments: mobile ones and fixed ones for balconies In accordance with the overall objective of
Mygreenservices, the UX measurement focused on the change of behaviour (in a wide sense), the ease
of use and diffusion aspects (as being a tool pro -vided to the citizen. Indeed, UX elements chosen
to describe the user experience cover mainly: know -ledge elements for the experiential learning aspects
-ents for the usage of the Iot system as a persua -sive and dissemination tool (specifically the â€oerecip
After the two experiments, 66%of users declared a change of perception in the awareness against
air quality and 44%of users declared a modifica -tion in their activities during the experiment.
tagged with RFID smart labels and the customers who volunteered to be participants could use NFC
phones †even their own one if they had any †to collect price and other information from the books
The pilot was using Iot technologies in combina -tion with mobile communication. Mobile handsets were used,
information from back office servers. NFC †both its reader-writer function and its card emulation
and Iot-based technologies, namely the Smart Home approaches and devices, into an office environment.
-design and user experience monitoring for finding a proper balance between the work environment settings, individual comfort of office employees
Red motion sensors SE-10, RFID Card Reader of MFRC500 and related components, together with
RFID Tags-Cards. The air condition-controlling device, built upon the RTD-NET Daikin interface
computer that remotely communicates with the Smart Office application server, which runs local Linksmart middle ware and the Nosql system
database Figure 9: The Environmental Services Use Case The Healthcare Services Use Case The Cardiovascular diseases (CVDS) are globally
number one among those causing death: more people die annually from CVDS than from any other
But it worked offline, the patient data were Figure 8: The Retail Services Use Case
31 collected in it and Medical Doctor had access to them after certain amount of time. The first Bulgar
to evaluate the user experience corresponding to the value to be validated (see Figure 11 The selection of experience types depends on the
values to be created co with users and that could be evaluated through the measurement of the UX
momentary, episodic and cumulative user experi -ence (17. The more UX properties selected, the more
-ing necessary data and for analysing these data in their specific context. It also means that there is an
S1. 1 Social networking 1 1 1 3 S2. 1 Communication 1 1 1 1 4
B1. 1 New functionalities (Iot) 1 1 2 B1. 2 Automation Level (Iot) 1 1 1 1 1 5
B1. 3 Connectivity (Iot) 1 1 B2. 1 Reliability (Iot) 1 1 1 1 4
B2. 3 Efficiency (Iot) 1 1 B3. 1 Ergonomic Quality 1 1 1 1 1 5
B4. 1 Usefulness 1 1 1 3 B4. 2 Hedonic quality 1 1 2 B4. 3 Affordability 1 1 2
B4. 4 Productivity 1 1 B5. 1 Accessibility 1 1 2 B5. 2 Availability 1 1 2
B6. 1 User ideas 1 1 2 B7. 1 Data protection 1 1 2 TOTAL 12 8 11 7 9 18 65
As shown in the Table 1, each use case has selected a specific set of UX model properties according to
value for users when software applications bring new knowledge to people. There could be other dimensions like a †societal†dimension inn order to
-ment of users for co-creating value, and on the other hand, the UX evaluation and monitoring of the bal
successfully increased the user acceptance/adoption rate 34 O P E N I N N O V A t I O N y E A r B o O k 2 0 1 4
user experience they would like to design in their Iot related product/service. Bottom-up because the
selection of the most appropriate model elements and properties for each experience type, which they
metrics and related data that they have to collect and analyse for the UX evaluation.
user acceptance and consequently the potential user adoption of the innovative IOT-based services It also worth taking into account that considering
more UX properties means to have more metrics to identify for the evaluation. Existing papers highlight
way to drive user co-creation and the impact of dif -ferent experience types, elements and properties on
the user acceptance and potential adoption From an industrial perspective, the XD process and holistic UX model provide a reliable systematic
driving towards a higher rate of user adoption. This is especially true within innovative domains such as
Iot-based products and services where the com -petition relies on the combination of creating new
experiments and collection/analysis of data whether it is anticipated about, momentary, episodic or even cumulative use
A User Centred Open Innovation Ecosystemâ€. Webergence Blog Retrieved January 2011 http://www. cwe-projects. eu/pub
/bscw. cgi/715404 8) Pallot, M.,Pawar, K. S. 2012. †A Holistic Model of
User Experience for Living Lab Experiential Design †Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on
†User Centred Open Innovation Domain Landscape within the European Network of Living Labsâ€. Proceedings of the
†User Experience: Buzzword or New Paradigm? †Proceedings ACHI 2012, The Fifth International Conference on Advances in Computer-Human
Interactions, Valencia, Spain, January 2012 12) IS°FDIS 9241-210 (2009. †Ergonomics of human
†User Experience Tables†Webergence Blog Retrieved December 2013 http://www cwe-projects. eu/pub/bscw. cgi/715404
14) Stã¥hlbrã st, A. 2008. Forming Future IT †The Living Lab Way of User Involvement.
Doctoral Thesis Department of Business Administration and Social Sciences, Lule㥠University of Technology, Lule㥠15) Stã¥hlbrã st, A.,Holst, M. 2012) The Living Lab
16) Pallot, M.,Pawar, K. S.,Santoro, R. 2013) A User Experience Framework and Model within Experiential
Living Labs for Internet of things, Proceedings of the IEEE International Technology Management Conference and 19th International Conference on Engineering
User Experience White paper: Bringing clarity to the concept of user experience (Result from Dagstuhl Seminar on Demarcating User Experience, Sept. 15†18
2010). ) http://www. allaboutux. org/uxwhitepaper 18) Raijmakers, B.,van Dick, G.,Gough, K. 2013.
From Field Stories to Strategic Design. Touchpoint, The Journal of Service Design: Cultural Change by Service Design, 4
User-Driven Service Innovation in a Smarter City Living Lab. In Proceedings of the 2013 International Conference on
IEEE Computer Society WASHINGTON DC, USA, 254-259. DOI=10.1109 /ICSS. 2013.35 http://dx. doi. org/10.1109/ICSS. 2013.35
The use of mobile phones is growing at a tremen -dous pace, and therefore in contrast with our eco
occur that our smart phones are literally becoming the key not only to our virtual world, but also to our
physical world The barriers of entry into the financial business have been battered down, making it easier than
printing is entering our living space, and all kinds of labs including the Fab Labs, as open design and
hardware labs, are giving us access to tools for developing hardware Some of these trends get accelerated by countries
like India or Kenya, where whole generations leap -frog to new hyper connected devices. At the most
recent Mobile World Congress (1), the big trend was wearable technology with new product intro
-chip, the company†s smallest computer. The fact that this chip is so small means it can be inte
extremely low-power Quark processor, Bluetooth and Wi-fi connectivity to communicate with other devices. Essentially, technology should make our
lives easier. Wearable technology falls into a long tradition of innovating through the lenses of a cus
-tomer and we have seen these new hardware tools popping up due to several reasons. Even software
developers, like XL Team in Romania, start to hire electronic designers to prepare for the wearable
Mobile and the Financial Industry Mobile telecommunications have revolutionised the world already, and promise to play an import
-ant role in the consumer of tomorrow. In line with the †anything, everywhere†attitudes of tomorrow†s
consumption trends, smartphones have become more accessible, faster, and more efficient. They are quite literally the pocket gateway to the digital
/Internet world, and people are flocking to them by the minute If Internet 1. 0 was static websites and Internet
2. 0 was all about the first social sites designed for interaction, Internet 3. 0 is now about the
mobile platforms and apps that are driving more and more online traffic and more customised user
experiences. As noted above, there will be a huge increase of mobile-only Internet users in the next few years, leading to whole new ways of web usage
that demand marketers†attention Lesson? Go mobile or go home. The consumer of the future carries the power
of consumption and choice in its pocket Knowing that mobile phones will be very important in the coming years, we want to expand our thinking
by looking at the opportunities that the phone as tool can provide, looking beyond the software and
inside technology and enter the world of hardware We have seen high adoption rates of banking apps
and the most world known example of mobile money M-Pesa has inspired more initiatives to fos
-ter banking facilities among poor and unbanked population. In 2009 Gartner spoke out that Mobile
Money would be the number one mobile application to be in 2012. We haven†t reached that point yet
but the momentum is rising very quickly 39 One of the first disruptive hardware tools built might
be Square (2). Jack Dorsey, the creator of Twitter, was the first to develop a mobile device for banking activ
-ities, launched in May 2010. Square allows users in the United states and Canada to accept credit cards
through their iphone and Android phones, either by swiping the card on the Square device or by manu
-ally entering the details on the phone Developing a Business model As the current margin for financial institutes is
decaying, a new possible business model is very important. Might the entry into hardware be a good
move for financial institutions Selling hardware is totally different from a ser -vice offering. The costs of revenue is high in any
device manufacturing segment because fixed costs works-in progress and overhead are very high compared to software.
Often, regular hardware and peripherals are being sold at rock-bottom prices This is the case in the printing industry.
The high mark up items are the software, accessories and ink. It†s the same model used by the auto and tele
-com industries Companies like Apple have to sell their, new or upgraded, products again and again within a year
or two. For the software industry, micro-transac -tions for updates are more common and are much
more frequent. And there is a good margin behind it, often close to 90 percent, like with Microsoft
So where does this lead to the financial industry Not entering the market? Leaving it to parties like
Sumup, Paypal and Square? This might not be advisable. As we have seen at the recent technol
-ogy developments, hardware is the new software Hardware is a good way to create connectivity with
the client We see a potential huge market that might be bene -ficial as well: security is becoming a large concern
for the consumer. While users are great lovers of integrated devices, the security issues enhance
the need of combining devices to ensure fighting cybercrime. One way to avoid the need of two elec
Some of the existing peripherals could already be used for that matter, others still have to be built
From the two mobile phone world leaders, the iphone5s and Samsung S5 phone have fingerprint recognition.
However, US people are very skeptical about giving out their fingerprints Who will own that data
and who can you trust? On the US market, there is a great bias in National ID
widespread, like the copy machine, and 3d printing doesn†t seem to match to this requirement
majorly by the hardware revolution. Geographically Central and South america, due to its uncapped eco -nomic potential, has a tremendous potential, also in
hardware has a huge potential to change the entire business model of the economic region: having a hit
Wearable computing is a game changer, because it represents the hands free technology. In the next 20 years we will tend to have hands free technolo
•Thanks to the Internet, more and more inter -actions are online and financially driven (ebay poker, trading
Rationalizer brought ratio into financial decision -making. Rationalizer measured the arousal level through a bracelet and visualised the results with
expected to be integrated into peripherals or even brought into the smart phone. Because of its pro
-cessing capacity and the visual renderness, smart phones provide an even greater experience It is worthy to note that one of the authors of this
paper, Mr Jaspar Roos, is the cofounder of the con -cept of Rationalizer while he was working at ABN
Unserved user segments: Credibility will only be generated by rich understanding and connection with the client user base and consumer needs.
This has happened with Square, as a tool for taxi driv -ers and other SME€ s that could not connect to the
If used as an accessory on the phone fashionability and unobtrusiveness become rele -vant as well.
invested heavily in web based platforms. The acces -sories should be connected seamlessly to their and
other banking web platforms. This will make more sense to the customers, who will experience this as
extension of many big data projects to get more out of the datasets governed by financials.
an increasingly rich data set with new sensors and measurements will provide enhanced intelligence customer insights and accuracy.
The user base will create more meaningful data and provide rich com -munity sharing that will only further bolster user
loyalty and trust. Financial institutions can accel -erate this growth trajectory by building strategic partnerships with accessory and device companies
This will also be great source of opportunity to scale and broaden the marketing with lower costs
Smart phones are ubiquitous devices, and they seem to integrate more and more sensors and com -pounds to grow in capacities.
into a smart phone needs a high level of security to protect from cybercrime. This means that the right
a mobile phone We expect the hardware device to be the next wave in the financial industry.
Especially with the NFC chip and other new to come biometrical sensors showing up in phones the coming years,
Open Innovation 2. 0 with a focus of user/consumer needs References 1) Mobile World Congress February 2014 â€
http://www. mobileworldcongress. com /2) Interview with the founder and the CTO of XL team
http://www. bjfogg. com/fbm files/page4 1. pdf, 2009 4) Square †https://squareup. com; http://en. wikipedia
org/wiki/Square, Inc 5) Rationalizer †Phillips and ABN AMRO 2009 http://www. mirrorofemotions. com
particular to the European union and its core insti -tutions and principles, exposed essential problems and unsustainable developments in many European
placed at the core of the new European cohesion policy as the main driver for the achievement of the
interaction with users, acquisition of patents and licenses, etc •hybrid institutions synthesising elements of
beginning of the era of the Internet and more open societies and economies (varieties of capitalism
national policymakers to focus on a number of core processes in the knowledge economy and soci
intermediate innovation enablers to different users of innovations Quadruple Helix models place a stronger focus on
a move towards systemic and user-centric innov -ation structures. One such version of the Quad
civil society as innovation users) to a classical Triple Helix model (18), see Figure 2
This Quadruple Helix model puts innovation users at its heart, and encourages the development of innovations that are pertinent for users (civil
society). ) Users or citizens here own and drive the innovation processes. Arnkil and colleagues (2010
maintain that the degree of user involvement could be defined as inclusive of the †design by users†(19
In line with this perspective, new innovative prod -ucts, services and solutions are developed with the involvement of users in their role as lead users, co
-developers and co-creators (20 Not only citizens would be involved in the actual development work, they would also have the power
connect users with their stakeholders across indus -try, academia, or government (21. In turn, the role
skills needed by users in their innovation activities Furthermore, industrial players and public sector stakeholders would then be able to exploit the innov
This user-centred approach requires a further devel -opment of collective management and implemen -tation of the RIS3 process as critical conditions for
The User-centred QH model (adapted from Arnkil, Järvensivu et al. 2010 47 governance, the smart specialisation approach is
Such direct addition of users in the innov -ation process is a necessary organisational counter
-part of an open and user-centred innovation policy as it allows for a greater focus on understanding
user-centred innovation activities with the aim of securing better conditions to commercialise R & D
user-centred Quadruple Helix would require sub -stantial flexibility, reworked adapted processes learning/teaching new skills,
such as crowdsourcing and crowdfunding cap -abilities in instruments, and initiatives included in their regional RIS3 strategies.
addition, the social networking capabilities enacted via the fourth pillar would enhance the likelihood and impact of knowledge serendipity and know
users who can also be innovation co-creators such as entrepreneurs, inventors, artists and other value
QH partners (e g. firms, universities, users), the systematic collection and utilisation of user information and the knowledge and capabil
-ity development related to QH, to promote the empowerment of citizens and to assist citizens in their innovation activities
•Marketer, e g. to raise awareness of user-ori -ented innovation models and practices among
different actors †the creators, users and appli -ers of knowledge and technology †ideally initiate
users of knowledge are connected during the whole process of knowledge creation (see Figure 6 A Mode 3 university or higher education sec
public are users and appliers of knowledge and are thought thereby to contribute with a region
recognise that there is more to innovation than high tech: the Sauna also has design and knitâ
No more Nokias The student revolution was part of a wider reconsideration of the proper relationship between
2000 Nokia accounted for 4%of the country†s GDP. The government wanted to make the
mobileâ phone giant†s decline as painless as possible and ensure that Finland would never
duced an impressive number of startâ ups, including 300 founded by former Nokia employees Microtask outsources office work.
such as a celebratory blog (Arcâ tic Startâ up) and a valleyâ related name (Arctic Valley.
puter screens to show off their collections of action figures Ilkaa Paananen, Supercell†s CEO, points out that Finland has spent years preparing for its curâ
Kajak University offers courses in video games Finns have a comparative advantage in the four things that make for great games †bloodâ
soaked storylines (all those sagas), bold design, ace computer programming and what might be called politely †autistic creativityâ€
The arrival of the ipad and its apps allowed the Finnish industry to break out of its frozen
Screens on the wall display how Supercell is doing against its rivals in real time. The gamesâ
entrepreneurs such as Niklas Zennstrã m, the coâ founder of Skype, and Daniel Ek and Martin
capital from outside investors such as Microsoft, which chipped in $42m. Rovio now has 500 employees in Finland and had a turnover of $100m in 2011.
-ation †core model†of the Triple Helix focuses on the knowledge economy. Quadruple Helix already
1) Europe 2020, Economic Governance, website: http //ec. europa. eu/europe2020 2) http://ec. europa. eu/europe2020/index en. htm
/informat/2014/smart specialisation en. pdf 7) http://ec. europa. eu/regional policy/thefunds /regional/index en. cfm 8) Ex post evaluation of the ERDF 2000†2006, Work
inderscience. com/info/inarticle. php? artid=23374 (further references:( (29)( 35)( 40)( 42)( 51)( 60)( 61
Smartphone Affordance: Achieving Better Business further references:(38 24) Carayannis, E g. (1994. The Strategic Management
, Clark, S. 2011) Do Smartphones Make for Smarter Business? The Smartphone CEO Study Journal of the Knowledge Economy, June.
further references:( (26)( 50 39) Harmaakorpi, V.,Melkas, H..Knowledge management in Regional Innovation Networks: The Case of Lahti, Finland
•http://know-hub. eu/blog/involving-enterprises -in-the-design-of-a-ris3-strategy. html
•http://errinnetwork. eu/content/importance-key -enabling-technologies-kets-regional-smart -specialisation-strategy-ris3
•http://www. detini. gov. uk/reduced2. pdf Contact Elias G. Carayannis European union Research center and School of business
†to a growing degree †of end users. Many people not involved in this process are shocked often to
entertain †as in the case of the Internet (1 Creativity, Invention and Innovation Regarding innovation, both policy makers and busi
investment in UK Internet and digital businesses, Nesta Report, June 2013 Some of the questions raised in the debate were
-pete on the market †Siemens, Ericsson and Nokia EIT ICT Labs leads a collaborative effort to work
as per the case of GSM tech -nology. The KIC also supports entrepreneurs. It is
-ments of Intel and Gallina Blanca. Furthermore, the KIC€ s incubator is hosted by †Creapolisâ€, the ESADE
investment in UK Internet and digital businesses, Nesta Report, June 2013 8) EIT Call for KICS (2009
As an example we consider the Future Internet Public-Private Partnership programme which runs 2011†2016 and is based on developing a Future
Internet service platform with wide application and exploitation opportunity. In examining this case we discuss the evolving characteristics of the FI
continuously monitors and adjusts its instruments for addressing the identified grand challenges and achieving the mutually set strategic goals for
and more recently the Future Internet, demon -strate a potential evolution over time into open
Future Internet Public-Private Partnership (FI -PPP), whose aim is to enhance Europe†s future
and adoption of Future Internet technologies in Europe, thus advancing the European market for smart infrastructures and increasing the effective
platform offering generic, reusable software com -ponents and services, thereby enabling developers across Europe and globally to build, prototype and
The Future Internet Public Private Partnership The Future Internet PPP Programme is a five-year
EUR 600 million, industry-led partnership among 150 leading European Future Internet actors. The forming decisions regarding the FI-PPP programme
were made at the time of deep recession in Europe and the programme was aimed at elevating the
-ives emphasise a holistic approach to Internet busi -ness development, including the identification of opportunities for standardisation, policy contribu
-holder roles in the future Internet value network in particular technology providers, infrastructure providers, integrators, service providers, applica
-tion developers and users. For a particular appli -cation environment, e g. a smart city, application
to build Future Internet applications. A specific suite of tools will enable to operate a dedicated smart
Telecom, Orange, Atos, Telefã nica and Nokia Solu -tions and Networks, as well as actors from vertical
of †use case†projects piloting Future Internet tech -nologies and their application in real-life settings
a Future Internet technology and service platform brings interesting implications with it regarding ecosystem building, open innovation, and govern
providers, application developers, end users such as smart cities collectively constitute a network of interdependent parties that establish network
IBM, Nokia, Google, Facebook, Microsoft, Apple show, the platform owner potentially gains sub -stantial advantages in terms of value creation and
flat model emerge as in open source communities or will closed more, hierarchical forms prevail, or can we foresee hybrid forms?
creation of core and marginal communities with various rules and levels of commitment within the
emphasised transparency and access to data for all parties. All projects were represented in all govern
-ations by structured template by email, and mass teleconferences in May 2011. The major topics were
the use rights and licensing terms for the devel -oped technologies, as well as third party represen -tation of participants.
European Future Internet community Moving on to Phase 2 with a new set of Use Case
potential users, SMES and developer communities Due to the restrictions caused by the Collabor -ation Agreement, there were no major changes to
-tation and support action of the Future Internet PPP programme which runs from 2011†2016.
1) European union (2013), †Future Internet Public-Private Partnership Work Programmes 2011†2013â€. FI-PPP€ s
website is: http://www. fi-ppp. eu 2) FI-WARE website: www. fi-ware. eu;
FI-Lab: http://lab fi-ware. eu. See also: https://www. fi-xifi. eu/fi-ops. html
3) Jackson, Deborah J.,†Jackson (2011), †What is an Innovation Ecosystem? †National Science Foundation
13) Interim Assessment of the Future Internet Public -Private Partnership, ISBN: 978-92-79-19895-3
Our intangible national intel -lectual capital study revealed early warning signs of financial crisis for countries such as Greece
policy was at the core of the Chilean government response to the crisis, which had a mixture of new
the OECD (5). The outlook for private business invest -ment improved, as business confidence rebounded
Finance Ministry†s website. This transparency orien -tation has been strengthened by the stipulation of a national transparency law in June 2009.
information on their activities and data records (3 In addition, government policies did not introduce distortions in specific economic sectors;
-index. de/pdf/Chile. pdf 4) ECLAC (2009) Economic Survey of Latin america and the Caribbean 2009-2010:
/Chile. pdf 2013.11.12 5) Central intelligence agency (CIA)( 2012) The World Factbook, U s a. Central intelligence agency. Retrieved from https://www. cia. gov/library/publications/the-world
-factbook/index. html 6) International Labour Office (ILO)( April 2010) G20 Country Briefs †Australia†s response to the crisis
ministersmeeting/G20-australia-brief. pdf 7) Gregorio, J. 2008) The Chilean economy in the current global financial crisis, Central bank of Chile
/presentaciones/consejeros/pdf/2008/jdg18112008. pdf 8) Barton, D.,Krell, A. 2011) Managing crises and
treasury. gov. au/documents/1576/HTML/docshell asp? URL=Australia israel leadership forum by Steven kennedy. htm 10) Treasurer (April 21, 2009) Australia†s policy response
rba. gov. au/speeches/2009/sp-ag-310309. html 13) Hutchinson, M. April 2, 2009) Chile positioned well
/economicsurveysandcountrysurveillance/46467368. pdf 16) US State department (December 16, 2011 Background note: Chile, US State department, Diplomacy in Action.
-set-for-5-growth-this-year-imf-says. html 18) Dow jones Business News (DJBN)( July 11, 2013
Youth unemployment & Innovation & Data analysis *Abstract The economic downturn hit young people especially hard, limiting their opportunities to success. High
closer to the actual user demand  Virtual companies will be considered by their own and not like a reflection of physical businesses.
fact there are plenty of data-driven companies companies whose raw material is information and whose boundaries are no longer geographic
Social network or crowdsourcing businesses reflect these new business models and a new philosophy where Internet is the nat ural environ
-ment in which business are conducted Citizens The innovative thinking has to lead to more and
Data as Raw material Innovation models and paradigms exist to help in the process of reinventing.
in the analysis of the data We can prepare our students to be the leaders in extracting advantage
of data analysis Europe is a knowledge-intensive society but mostly is a data-intensive society.
The data begin to be seen as a commodity very capable of generating wealth and under the new †Big data†phenomenon
lays an opportunity to create value and benefits for society, business and citizens According to an IDC study only 1%of the world†s
data are analysed (6), while organisations are increasingly dependent on them (7) and experience indicates that when business decisions are based
on analysis of data they are smarter, more precisely targeted and therefore can be translated into eco
However, the main drawback for data analysis at this time is the lack of trained people.
Data analysis requires very comprehensive and multidisciplinary skills and consequently there is a clear opportunity for employment
the people, the data and the academic strength to provide analytical skills to fill the gap between offer
prepare our students to be the best in data analysis Social benefits of data analysis In addition to the benefits in terms of employment
intensive data analysis can also be beneficial to our society. These benefits can be summarised under
four points (8 Possibility to notice what is happening before the official indicators For example, data from cell phones are particularly
interesting because they are the only way people with fewer resources interact with technology. Ana
-lysing this data can help us to understand behav -iour patterns of the excluded sectors of the popula
furthermore allow us to build more user-centric solutions and improve access to services such as
are buried within the global population data The health sector continually strives to reconcile cost reduction to sustainable terms while must
of these data to better understand patterns in the field of health and stop bad habits or remedy by
-care were to use big data creatively and effectively to drive efficiency and quality, the sector could cre
big data, not including using big data to reduce fraud and errors and boost the collection of tax revenue
based on the concept of secure and user friendly online access by citizens to their medical/health
data. From the analysis of this data it will be pos -sible to extract useful patterns of behaviour
Ability to forecast demand and make the changes necessary supplies For instance more traditional sectors such as agri
from data analysis to better matching between purchases, subsidies and production predicting and ensuring stock for instance
Data analysis: the job for data scientists First we should define what a data scientist is
One of the most complete definitions is from Jef -fery Stanton, Syracuse University (12) who refers
to the Science of Data as an †emerging area of work related to the collection, preparation, ana
-lysis, visualisation, management and preservation of large amounts of informationâ€. This definition gives a rough idea of the variety of knowledge that
•Computer skills as query languages, database design, mining and interactive data analysis scripting or programming languages, expert
systems and machine learning, etc •Knowledge based on mathematics like rela -tional algebra and statistical but also predictive
analysis and pattern matching, etc •Knowledge of data visualisation techniques, this being a very interesting field.
One of the main problems in this area is how to translate the sea of data to information to the decision.
The human eye is the main transmission channel and to be more effective techniques are devel
-oped to more effectively convey information •And of course knowledge of the business area in question.
The data scientist is a specialist in handling the information and his purpose is to
exploit the data to extract information The intensive exploration of bulk data has become a key to competitiveness and
growth in Europe. It is required to place the workforce in an advantageous starting point providing them with the necessary
analytical skills References 1) Dans E. El ocaso del empleo, de Jordi Serrano y Santiago Garcã a (Internet.
2103. Available from http //www. enriquedans. com/2013/10/el-ocaso-del-empleo -de-jordi-serrano-y-santiago-garcia. html
2) Cherian J, Jacob J. Impact of Self Efficacy on Motivation and Performance of Employees.
narotama. ac. id/files/Strategorganizchange. pdf 4) Christensen C.,Johnson C.,Horn M. Disrupting Class
yearbook 2010 2011. pdf 6)( 7) Gantz J.,Reinsel D. The Digital Universe in 2020 Big data, Bigger Digital Shadows,
and Biggest Growth in the Far east; IDC; December 2012; Available from: http //www. emc. com/collateral/analyst-reports/idc-the-digital
-universe-in-2020. pdf 8) Big data Big Impact: New Possibilities for International Development. World Economic Forum
Switzerland: The World Economic Forum; 2012. Available from: http://www. weforum. org/reports/big data-big
-impact-new-possibilities-international-development http://www3. weforum. org/docs/WEF TC MFS Bigdatabigimpact briefing 2012. pdf 9) Talbot D. Big data from Cheap Phones (Internet
2013; Available from: http://www. technologyreview. com /lists/breakthrough-technologies/2013 /10) Manyika J, Chui M.,Brown B.,Bughin J.,Dobbs
R.,Roxburgh C.,Hung Byers A. Big data: The next frontier for innovation, competition, and productivity Mckinsey Global Institute;
2011. Available from: http //www. mckinsey. com/insights/business technology /big data the next frontier for innovation 11) PALANTE: PATIENT Leading and managing their
healthcare through EHEALTH (Internet. Available from http://ec. europa. eu/information society/apps/projects /factsheet/index. cfm?
12) Stanton J.,An introduction to Data science (Internet 2012. Available from: http://ischool. syr. edu/media
/documents/2012/3/Datasciencebook1 1. pdf Contact Myriam Corral Guinea Supervision Area Chief Gambling General Directorate Ministry of Finance and Public
Consider the field of telematics †the provision of mobile information and services to automobile
information technology to make driving safer and more secure? †Onstar now asks, †What do custom
can information technology improve the driving ex -perience, whether during a long commute, a cross -country drive,
Telematics is about providing connectivity to con -sumers in their vehicles, which demands wireless connections via satellite and telecommunication
networks to common monitoring stations. Onstar†s current capabilities are very impressive. But it†s
The telematics service can com -municate weather, traffic, or emergency alerts to me. Now, suppose I don†t like the suggested route
The telematics systems must also adapt and evolve with me, the consumer and learn about my preferences and offer new ser
When my telematics system discerns (from my past information requests that I am interested in the performance of certain
The hardware and software requirements and the quality levels needed to deploy Onstar safely as a vehicle-based
application are quite impressive, illustrating how technologies, creatively combined, can become en -ablers of valuable human experiences
-plications programming interface of its automotive cloud platform that enables Onstar-based services to developers. To illustrate its potential,
applications programming interface, Relayrides allows renters to use remote features with their smartphones, such as unlocking vehicles remotely
to access the reserved car. Thus, the owner need not meet the renter to pick up
largest and most advanced biometric database in the world At a fundamental infrastructure level, UIDAI Aad
-tion against its database. On the social side, it rep -resents a new dawn of equal opportunity for each
states, existing databases of the Public Distribution System, the Indian food security system, exist only in the form of offline document files.
These files must be converted into an online database before they can be linked to Aadhaar. There is resistance to
this change from some quarters The concept of Aadhaar as an electronic cardless identity has spawned also concerns about data
privacy, viability, intent, and risks of the initia -tive. Some have argued that most of the poor get
conventional and social media can take on a life of their own. Citizens need to be engaged actively in
users of applications service platforms would allow the ecosystem to evolve based on feedback from stakeholder experience domains, to minimise con
a common open operating system that allows for the sharing of data between artifacts and present
-ing that data as information in the right way and on the right devices to benefit and engage citizens (11
Infrastructure networks, in addition to blending the social and technical, also operate to continually transform the natural into the cultural (12.
In the past, we have defined rarely sites in a way that would permit joint exploration of organ
multiple distributed sites that are both collectively and individually adjustable. Further, the dynamic achievement of a functioning energy, communica
Thanks to the world wide web, social media, and advances in mobile and interactive communica -tions and information technologies, networked
individuals around the globe are no longer passive and docile recipients of dispensed instructions and development assistance.
A website (www. agenda2020. org br) was created with an online public forum and open access to every presentation or discussion topic from
and blogs as part of an ongoing conversation and continuous recalibration of the national agenda The Strategic Agenda focuses on 12 topics: Edu
as first NMT network (1981), first GSM base sta -tion and GSM phone call (1991), as well as the first
contactless fare collection system in public trans -portation (1992. These innovations, and way of working together, have created the foundation for
-ation sectors were cleantech, future Internet printed intelligence and wellbeing technologies All of these sectors were recognised not only as
centres †Center for Internet Excellence (www cie. fi), Printocent (www. printocent. net), Center for
-system †the users †to the system (Figure 6 Involving the real people to the innovation process
Internet Excellence (CIE The mission of CIE is to actively drive co-cre -ation of next generation Internet technologies
Figure 5: Oulu Innovation Alliance Innovation Centres and Owners  O ul u In no
and create Internet-driven growth opportunities and value by combining cutting-edge research innov ations with agile new business creation
Internet which is linked closely with user-driven innov ations and open innovation processes. The role of CIE is to build collaboration with OIA part
3d Internet the platform is called realxtend (8). The development of realxtend was started in 2006 and
for virtual worlds. CIE with its collaborators is now involved in European Future Internet project FI
-WARE to further develop the platform, and to make it as a standard for 3d Internet
In addition to the platform development CIE is aim -ing its activities to find sectors where 3d Internet
would provide maximum value added. In this con -text there are projects which are related for exam -ple to teaching/learning and tourism
more than 700 users from all age groups from 18 to 85 (10 •panoulu †Network of Public Wireless internet
access covering broadly the Oulu city area with 30 000 users/month of the hotspot network (11
•UBI hotspot †Network of interactive pub -lic displays for collecting citizen†s opinion with
30 000 users/month •3d Virtual Laboratory †Visualising e g. urban plans and involving users in the development
•TTKAAKKURI †Product testing platform in the real healthcare environment •Converging Networks Laboratory †Wireless
network testing From the city perspective the user†s involvement provides excellent possibility to develop the services
with the real users of the services; and not just for the users of the services.
In this context OULLABS has been used to test the services before actually launching them for good. The user†s involvement
has also been used in the procurement processes Living Lab services have been used as part of the procurement process to test service options from
City of Oulu has opened also its databases in the open innovation spirit to be used for example for
the 3d Internet there is also an open-source vir -tual environment under development †Oulu 3d
development environment and access point for new services One example of the city†s activities in the field of
open innovation and user involvement is the devel -opment of a new district, Hiukkavaara, by using
from users †be it a single user or a company con -sidering the possibilities of setting up new businesses
from users of research results what to study next Essential resource for supporting the business
real users at any phase of the innovation process Besides testing wit end-users/people, tests can be
http://ec. europa. eu/research/innovation-union/pdf /outriders for european competitiveness eip. pdf 3) Curley, M.,Salmelin B. 2013.
Open Innovation 2. 0 A New Paradigm, EU Open Innovation Strategy and Policy Group (OISPG) White paper,(Online), Available
Internet, FIREBALL FP7 project White paper,(Online Available at http://www. scribd. com/doc/94651094 /FIREBALL-White-paper
/12) http://www. ouka. fi/oulu/english/open-data 13) http://www. cnbc. com/id/49348509?
Center for Internet Excellence Oulu Innovation Alliance University of Oulu mika. rantakokko@cie. fi 111
Smart Fabric to Big data: from One Innovation to Two Promising Businesses Introduction The Internet of things is now a reality.
After many years of works and debates, the world of connected objects faces a tremendous increase in innovations
The retail market including RFID Tags and the associ -ated supply chain was considered the most promis
sport and wellness users When leaving the house nowadays, you always take three things with you:
your keys, your mobile phone and your clothes. Many of us are prone to forget -fulness and sometimes forget our keys, phone, or
both †but never our clothes. This simple idea is key: the future challenge for Cityzen would be to
the objective that the users will be able to forget the presence of all these technological components
rifts options and choices, design of services to users partners, business plans. After first contacts with
•Telecom Bretagne (5)( Mines Telecom Institute group), which has a famous expertise in Sen
technical side, Cityzen Data developed relationships with CEA LETI in Grenoble A consortium was finally set up to apply for public
themselves fit With growing demand from users sports and wellness products are now available in
companies like Juniper (Smart †Wearable devices to be worth $19 billion by 2018â€)( 10 At the same time, modern life style, passive office
-able services to users. By the end of the decade the worldwide mobile health market is expected to
grow to $49 billion, according to a new study by Grand View Research (11 There are two ways to address these two markets
other users as a reliable, multifunctional, easy-to -use, and minimally obtrusive technology that can
The Critical value of Data Management Cityzen Sciences understood early on that the value of technology and services would come from data
analytics such as •How to combine data from different sources •How to consider the historical profile of each
user Finally, Jean-luc Errant and myself decided to launch a company dedicated to addressing these
key issues focused on the Smart Fabric market with Cityzen Sciences, as well as other markets. We were
background in data management and analytics Today the result is a robust and high-level perfor
paradigm for data originating from sensors Traditional databases are adapted not to this market in spite of claims to the contrary.
Cityzen Data has developed a very innovative solution for managing data and geolocation in the same
series •a set of advanced functions and a language to clean, manipulate and analyse data;
to detect patterns or weak signals •visualisation tools •a library of APIS Today Cityzen Data is in negotiation with several
major groups including some that already have a platform to manage Data. Cityzen Data does
not address vertical markets. It just provides an advanced technology to manage data to any
players that want to use data analytics across all business sectors Towards European Partnership Cityzen Sciences has established high level part
-nerships with major groups in Europe who consider that the technology developed by Cityzen data is
more advanced than other tech providers. Some initiatives should be announced in the next few months in Europe and China
Finally, with the help of BPI France, we have suc -ceeded in launching two promising companies by
setting up one innovative project. We have now to prove that customers will make them a reality.
Data are excited to face Horizon 2020 is now coming with its priorities and its series of calls.
For Cityzen Data, the point is to balance our time with our trust on the evaluation process.
usage of Big data but the way we manage the data itself. It is not necessarily the most sexy even we
3) platform, architecture, big data analysis and visualisation solutions for novel sport and health solutions, 4) produce a variety of validated digital
†Internet of things†all the rage at Consumer Electronics Show. CBS Moneywatch †January 7, 2014 http://www. cbsnews. com/news/Internet
-of-things-all the-rage-at-consumer-electronics-show /2) Nunes P.,Downes L. 2014. The Five Most
/sites/bigbangdisruption/2014/01/10 /the-five-most-disruptive-innovations-at-ces-2014 /3) http://www. eolane. com
5) http://www. telecom-bretagne. eu 6) https://www. telecom-bretagne. eu/recherche /reseaux et laboratoires/labsticc
/7) http://www. capdigital. com/en /8) https://itea3. org/project/careware. html 9) Global Information (GII) and Global Industry
Analysts, Inc. 2014. Sports And Fitness Markets Grow Big: Athletic Apparel To Reach $180. 9 Billion And
-billion-by-2018-195100831. html 115 10) Ince. M,(2014. Mobile Smart Wearable devices to be worth $19 Billion by 2018.
Juniper Research †October 15, 2013 http://www. juniperresearch. com /viewpressrelease. php? pr=405 11) http://mobihealthnews. com/30616
/global-mobile-health-market-to-grow-to-49b-by-2020 /12) Electronic textiles or smart textiles, are fabrics that
enable digital components (including small computers and electronics to be embedded in them. Many intelligent clothing, smart clothing, wearable technology
and wearable computing projects involve the use of e-textiles Contact SÃ bastien LÃ vy Partner
Items international slevy@items-int. eu Herve Rannou CEO, Cityzen Data CEO, ITEMS International. Cityzen Sciences and
Cityzen Data strategic consulting partner herve. rannou@items. fr 116 O P E N I N N O V A t I O N y E A r B o O k 2 0 1 4
The Open European Youth Innovation Framework (Openeyif⠢Abstract The European Young Innovators Forum (EYIF Europe†s leading foundation dedicated to promot
Data, Smart Cities, Space enabled Services and Digital Social Innovation Background, Concept and Objectives EYIF€ s Openeyifâ¢leverages Open Innovation pro
following essential observation about the core idea that is the basis for the Openeyifâ¢concept In order to ensure seed-type activities generating
such as Big & Open Data Smart Cities, Space enabled Services and Digital Social Innovation The best ideas and early-stage projects will be
such as Big & Open Data, Smart Cities, Space enabled Services and Digital Social Innovation •using a three-stage integrated framework
•good ideas targeted at specific user communi -ties, that would bring new innovative assets to
-tems they are a part of and the specific user communities that they target •continue to be part of the local/regional/Euro
-ators Community, Tech and Open Data Communities the Open Innovation, Open source and ICT Infra -structure Community and the Start-up Ecosystems
in different networks around Europe to submit their innovative ideas within the subsequent Open Calls
indirect, online and offline •Online: The Openeyifâ¢implementation project website and websites of the incubators and
their ecosystem actors, social media networks blogs, specialised discussion forums, technology news sites and through targeted advertising
e g. Facebook and Google ads •Public platforms: relevant European Commis -sion Portals, National and Regional Government
sites •Indirect: communicating through the respective networks of Openeyifâ¢implementers, such as EYIF€ s Regional Innovation Hubs
•In person: by EYIF€ s Youth Innovation Ambas -sadors and Regional Innovation Champions •Media:
public relations and ad campaigns in national and international media •Open Innovation Community: joint promo -tion with other Open Innovation projects and
communities Promotional events & activities (hosted locally by participating incubators and ecosystems as well as road shows and external events:
-tive assets targeted at specific user communities In doing so, it will enhance the impact of the Open
Data, Smart Cities, Space enabled Services and Digital Social Innovation. The Openeyifâ¢foresees a cross-border, European approach that brings
data on the one hand, and flexible lighting systems with sensors and controls) on the other there are many opportunities for new business with services
and in the development of software applications for smart solutions: professions that are new and require different skills than the traditional ones in
the hardware related industry Introduction Last year, in the Open Innovation Yearbook 2013 we presented the case of participative innovation in
Technological developments include an upgrade of the public lighting infrastructure and system by connecting to ICT solutions.
Nowadays it also includes Internet con -nectivity as well as wireless solutions. In the com -ing years, the infrastructure will become a dense
devices and communicate all kinds of data •Devices The number of devices is growing rapidly.
displays, touch screens, and smart phones Many devices collect or use data and are there -fore connected (the Internet of things
•ICT On the ICT level the connection is made with data and software applications. The data that
is collected through different devices contains e g. time, people counting or proximity meas -urements, weather information, movements
energy consumption, camera data, etc. Mash -ups and data analytics will lead to insight in emerging patterns or correlations that can be
used for various software applications •Services At this level meaningful services are developed that provide value for the relevant stakehold
-ers. In urban lighting there are often different stakeholders that use the area, with different needs and wishes.
The ultimate goal of urban lighting solutions is to create value for societal stakeholders by creating a healthy and liveable
city. Smart lighting can offer valuable services for different stakeholders using the ICT based lighting platform
providing hardware to the market. This hardware will become mainstream, easier to produce in low
-cost countries and will create little jobs in Western Europe. However, in the field of meaningful applica
The type of jobs is shifting from hardware related jobs towards the design of lighting services as well
is to the development of software applications for smart lighting solutions: jobs that are new and
the hardware related industry 121 The development of meaningful applications requires a changing attitude interconnecting the
1. Open platforms, open data and open knowledge make new connections possible. By linking data
and integrating various perspectives new solu -tions for societal needs emerge. Data analyt -ics becomes an important element to identify
emerging patterns and spot new opportunities It also enables to determine the impact of solu
effectively collect data and integrate all data into a total system 2. Innovation driven by societal needs requires the
-ing, Cisco systems, Alliander and the Intelligent Lighting Institute. All partners invest in this pilot with the ambition to create a showcase for smart
or streamed to the web by the video camera that is normally used for people This virtual stage can be promoted in connection
The hardware infrastructure al -lows for such flexibility Increasing Safety in an Entertainment District The city of Eindhoven is currently implementing its
-Nee, Philips Lighting, Vinotion and the TU/e Intel -ligent Lighting Institute The idea is to install a lighting system that enables
recently where data from various sources is col -lected and combined to determine the real time
devices and provides a user interface for the con -trol of the lights. The data that is collected contains
a number of real time measurements such as: 3d sound measurements to identify noise levels and the direction of the noise, social media watching
to identify how Stratumseind is being mentioned and counting people entering and leaving the area to establish the bustle.
Other data is collected with a delay, such as: police reports on incidents, deter -mination of origin and counting of mobile devices to
establish where groups of people come from, litres of beverages consumed by collecting data from the
breweries or amount of waste thrown in the street measured by the cleaning service. Correlating the
data on the incidents to specific parameters is done to predict when there is a higher risk for escal
Historical data from past incidents is now used to find such correlations. Based on the deter
The analysis of data of different nature and combining patterns to cre -ate new insights is a key element in this case.
requires new skills for data scientists. With these insights lighting scenarios can be designed and tested on their impact on the mood and behaviour
more hardware related to new ones that focus more on the ICT and services part. We would espe
the data scien -tist and the dynamic lighting service designer Data Scientists Data scientists know how to gather data with the
Internet of things. They know what combination of 124 O P E N I N N O V A t I O N y E A r B o O k 2 0 1 4
sensors and data gathering is required to obtain relevant data and how to register the data.
They also know to apply the various models, theories and tools to add and extract value from sets of the
gathered heterogeneous data. They turn data into information. What is also relevant in the context of
smart urban lighting is to use this information to understand and influence human behaviour. The
data scientists bridge the technical competences and the social sciences Dynamic lighting service designers These designers need to be able to empathise with
the different stakeholders. In comparison with trad -itional designers, who focus mainly on users, they
need to extend their scope and research the needs of a wider range of stakeholders.
This will provide them with insights as input for various use scen -arios. With the help of these scenarios they can
the software and applications is even shorter. The data scientist might find new emerging patterns
that spark the development of new applications New applications are launched daily in the smart phone business.
Similar renewal rates may apply for software applications build on open platforms in the field of smart urban lighting.
Also the renewal rate of services will be relatively high. New applica -tions will give rise to the need for new lighting scen
Yet, despite our awareness of the core assertion of open innovation thinking †that †the assets neces
larger social networks to pitch an idea, they be -gin to create mindshare and market share within
The Web 2. 0 economy has fundamentally trans -formed the way people interact and communicate
Wikipedia. With 23 million articles in 285 languages and over 100 000 authors, Wikipedia is a testament to the collective power of individual
minds and to the innovative spirit of crowd wisdom had we been tasked with predicting the success of
Wikipedia over Microsoft Encarta, the latter probably would have been considered the likelier of the two candidates to succeed,
as Microsoft is funded a well company with extensive resources and an estab -lished infrastructure. Yet reality shows the opposite
with 365 million readers, Wikipedia is now the world†s go-to source for knowledge, and that knowledge
Wikipedia is the tip -ping point for the power of the modern crowd While the key illustrations here support the notion
IBM graphic Source: IBM Institute for Business Value analysis, 2012 131 identify the practical application of the distinctive
crowd asset classes that may have value for us. Let us consider some of the generic opportunities that
opportunity is crowdsourcing. If Henry Chesbrough coined the term †open innovation, †Jeff Howe coined
crowdsourcing and there is a strong philosophical connection between the two concepts. According to Jeff Howe, †crowdsourcing represents the act
of a company or institution taking a function once performed by employees and outsourcing it to an
or GE utilise open innovation and crowdsourcing to breakthrough new products, small businesses and entrepreneurs can look to these activities as means
A subset of crowdsourcing contains the concept of crowdfunding, a practice we have referred already to as a manifestation of the disruptive possibilities
via the Internet, to support efforts initiated by other people or organisations. In its various forms, crowd
capital from investors, using social networks and crowdfunding platforms to finance their businesses and projects. By doing so, individual entrepreneurs
question †how might we leverage user contribution at Intuit, both to enhance existing businesses and
-cing the company†s tax preparation software for tax 132 O P E N I N N O V A t I O N y E A r B o O k 2 0 1 4
The site attracted 400 000 unique visitors (equal to the number of tax preparers in the United states
the software as well. The organisation is rolling this insight out into new products (8 The concept of collaboration is exemplified in the
wiki creation and open source code writing where the skills are vested individually but create value collectively and are bound collaboratively
This might include crowdsourcing highly specific innovation and R & D, design skills or crowd sourced recruitment and is very much
open source production, and collaborative con -sumption models that require a group of par -ticipants to deliver
Users (mainly inventors submit ideas through the crowd sourced panel and the organisation selects which ideas it wants to
bring to market. Once an idea is selected, the pro -duction team within the company works with the
Buy, Quirky is able to bring their users and inventors platforms to market Together, the GE and Quirky team created a plat
-form on which the users can access GE€ s patents. In 134 O P E N I N N O V A t I O N y E A r B o O k 2 0 1 4
a mobile-connected smart egg tray that keeps track of not only how many eggs you have in your refrigerator, but also tracks how
telephone, letting them know it†s time to purchase more eggs. According to Quirky, while there was one
-creation, open innovation, and crowdsourcing simul -taneously, organisations can create value chains that let more people into the process of innovation
-vation lab. For GE, crowdsourcing highly-specific innovation, R & D, and design through Quirky†s com
That just isn†t our core business†(10 While consumer applications may not be GE€ s core
business, the Quirky team understands the brand value GE brings to the table. Through this collab
as Local Motors, the world†s first open source car company. The company brings together a global
their computer-aided design (CAD) software and recommends the software to its global community of 30 000 designers
Local Motors also works with large enterprises through hosted challenges, whereby the enter -prise may outsource a design task to the Local
-ate users brainstorm and submit ideas about the main challenges. Members of the Army Cocreate
-uted infrastructures for production, crowdsourcing highly-specific R & D challenges, and connected infrastructure and operational services.
community of users, the two organisations will be able to ideate, create new products, and produce
in developing open source thinking on this subject we will embed and expand it more quickly For example, to operate within each or any of the
Crowdsourcing Blog. Retrieved January 2 2013 6) Chesbrough, Henry William (1 march 2003. Open Innovation: The new imperative for creating and profiting
7) http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Co-creation 8) Venkat Ramaswamy, Francis Gouillart, The Power
10) http://bits. blogs. nytimes. com/2013/04/10/g-e -turns-to-the-crowd-for-help-in-creating-consumer
-ments, mostly for the licensing of satellite TV pro -grammes for distribution in the Finnish cable TV
systems. Basically my first task was to see what these agreements were all about Cable TV was stepping into the world of inter
-nationality. We were buying satellite programme ser -vices from the US or the UK, in some cases France
and the cable TV companies were packaging these services to suit the tastes of the Finnish customers
working in the mobile telecommunications operator business. It became in fact mandatory to look at things from a different perspective
What was typical in cable TV and mobile operations I worked with in my youth?
Telecommunications. The Supreme court had said absolutely nothing of cable television. This kind of situation underlines the need to creativity and to
successful international services, like social media or search engines, you realise that somehow these services have managed to go passed and beyond
these problems. Someone in the organisation car -ried out the analysis and took the company boldly
As the issue is related to Internet services, it looks rather evident, that there†s no way to gain back
Regarding the emerging Internet businesses, one of my recommendations would be that the innovative counsel †wannabe†would take a close look at the
like the Internet service contracts. One of the most interesting documents I have encountered ever in this respect is in fact the Facebook statement of
rights and responsibilities As a customer, I may find it hard to accept every -thing †the consumer is not necessarily on the
-one is in the Facebook today, this is a binding ser -vice agreement nearly everyone has closed
Facebook is also using a choice of law†strategy using the California State law. You are welcome to
paved the way to the Internet future. FB is not anti-copyright or copyleft. No †the FB uses stand
Data or Design Innovation has always been important for organ -isations, but nowadays it is crucial for maintaining
resources we take as the core. Data is one of them design another. Typically, data is where Google
stands for. Numerical analysis of what works best Apple is the other side of the virtual spectrum.
Intu -ition, designing and molding the wishes of the customer. This results in two main streams in innov
being driven data or design-driven Data-driven Innovation How do organisations come up with new ideas?
Most of the time fresh ideas occur from happy accidents or by using techniques such as brainstorming.
are part of the big data movement, you would say that brainstorming is unreliable. With data-driven
innovation, innovators generate ideas by exploit -ing existing or new data sources and analytics to
develop novel insights, particularly by answering queries. More data is generated today than ever 90%of the data in the world today was created in
the last two years alone. Several researchers call data †the innovation story of our time†as analysing
large sets of information and cutting-edge experi -mentation will become a key driver of competition
underpinning new waves of productivity growth and data-driven innovation. Probably the biggest difference between enterprises that are native to
data and others is how they approach strategy. Non data-driven companies tend to undertake research
in order to gain a deep understanding of the mar -ketplace. Then strategy consultants spend months interpreting the data,
decide what it means and suggest a course of action Data driven firms like Facebook, Amazon and
Google, on the other hand, take the hacker way They run experiments †thousands upon thou -sands of them.
From colours used on a button to different websites to see which site will increase
sales, all in real life and with real customers. Based upon quantified results, the experiments determine what the strategy will be
Design-driven Innovation On the other side of the spectrum, you can find design-driven innovation.
Where data-driven focuses on facts, design relies more on intuition and interpretation. Design has become a decisive
being the dominant example, but also many web based startups like Pinterest or Youtube exemplify this direction.
This connects well to the lean startup movement: fail early and often Design driven innovation is concerned a process with
a specific user in order to uncover a core need and an unexpected insight that will drive innovation
User+need+insight define a point of view (POV which will focus your process. You quickly ideate as
quickly with your users, meanwhile building a high class solution that incorporates your findings from each prototype.
Data-driven and Design-driven are both great in many innovation strategies. When designers lack
-ing user centred-thinking and design-driven pro -cesses does not always work in radical changing
environments, because the user does not know where to go to. Experiments show what people use, but, before getting there you might want
phone terms, the product cannot be opened or altered after release. There is no further tinkering possible.
•If our data is currency, who†s the bank? It†s a question that every innovator should be giv
in at a data-centric economy that has moved on without them. Our data is hot property and
everyone wants a piece of it. For consumers, it begins to feel like around every corner there†s
our data for their use. Consumers start to ques -tion the real, tangible value it brings to them
big data game •Thanks to the crisis and existing management techniques, many organisations suffer from
or data alone. So how to overcome these chal -lenges? One of the elements will be the ability to
†fix†the flaws of choosing a data-driven or design -driven innovation process. This would involve adding
the virals on Youtube •Superiority theory explains how people use humor to feel superior over others.
designers and data scientists are people before being designers or data scientists Culture Defines Us
We are influenced all by the social and economic context where we live in. While culture is a slippery
Internet started to emerge. Explaining to Generation Y that there was something like Gopher, the game Snake on your
Nokia phone or the newness of ecommerce in the previous millennium, you immediately realise there
is a generational legacy gap. This creates enormous challenges for organisations to thrive. Let alone innovation
the culturally neutral data-driven and design approach. Scalability used to be a plus, a scar
In the core of the social and economic impact of Open Innovation 2. 0 are shared the values, shared
Communities/Users/Citizens Perspective The communities/users decide the real value of the Open Innovation 2. 0. Nowadays the citizens are
more â€oeopen†in participating in decision making on their economic and social prosperity. The communi -ties are well aware of the real impact on their social
The citizen/user is now an integral part of the innov -ation process, who can make real change.
-ity through the Internet will create new and better work/life balances for citizens: wherever and when
Wearable technologies supported by Internet coaching will create well-being lifestyles for young people and the elderly.
users to adopt or buy these created services. Oth -erwise, it will result waste of time and resources
The users can be both consumers and innovators/participants, given all of the supporting conditions.
user-driven innovation (1 •On May 9, 2013, Barack Obama, the president of the United states of america, in his opening
In the core of the policy makers is to make the citi -zens â€oehappy†in their ways of living, create sustain
1) the communities/users,(2) the mar -ket and (3) the policy makers, should meet in order
*An Experiential Design Process and Holistic Model of User Experience for Supporting User Co-creation
Youth unemployment & Innovation & Data analysis *Chapter III Open Innovation 2. 0 inâ aâ Real-world Setting
Smart Fabric to Big data: from One Innovation to Two Promising Businesses The Open European Youth Innovation Framework (Openeyifâ
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