internet et dans le commerce traditionnel, Juin 2009; available at http://www. fevad. com/uploads/files/Prez/fevad estia 110609. pdf
internet users made purchases online, while 94%did in South korea. 16 This compares with 57%in the EU. 17 However, the growth rate of electronic commerce is now higher in the EU
Internet Usage in 2010 †Households and Individuals, 14.12.2010 available at http://epp. eurostat. ec. europa. eu/portal/page/portal/product details/publication?
From a wider perspective, the internet economy has generated 21%of the GDP growth of the
Internet consumption and expenditure already exceeds the share of GDP of agriculture or energy, and its GDP is bigger than the GDP of Canada or Spain. 23 It
linked to electronic commerce in the United kingdom. The"Internet stream "(which is wider than ISS because it includes telecoms) has accounted for 25%of net job creation and growth
22 Mckinsey Global Institute, Internet matters: The net's sweeping impact on growth, jobs, and prosperity
from Madrid to Moscow, the Internet is going native, September 2011, available at: http://www. bcg. com/documents/file84709. pdf
24 How the Internet is transforming the economy, a series of studies by the Boston Consulting Group
Mckinsey & Company, Impact d'Internet sur l'à conomie franã§aise March 2011, available at:
in France since 2000.25 Overall, the Internet economy creates 2. 6 jobs for every job
from Madrid to Moscow, the Internet is going native, September 2011, available at: http://www. bcg. com/documents/file84709. pdf
Internet, generally to the customer's home. 38 Recent case-law of the ECJ confirms the broad principles underlying the Internal Market
lenses via the Internet falls, in principle, within the coordinated field of the ECD. In the edata
the recipients of the service can contact the service provider via the internet, to whom the
Bundesverband ev v deutsche internet versicherung AG, ECR 2008 I-07841, judgment of 16.10.2008 available at:
on the Internet. It obliges the Member States to ensure that online commercial communications (including promotional offers, discounts, premiums, promotional
allow an internet user to enter the e-mail address of one or more"friends"who then receive a
combination with the increasing use of the Internet by regulated professions may require that these codes be updated
welcome the opportunity to learn more about the experiences of both internet consumers and online businesses in respect to the process of placing orders.
regime of internet intermediaries are required to increase its impact 65 Directive 1999/93/EC of the European parliament and of the Council of 13 december 1999 on a Community
but provided for free on the Internet are even more difficult to assess. Eurostat conducts surveys to measure the extent to which
businesses and households use the Internet, applying such indicators as the percentage of users who bought online in a given period of time.
measuring the value of the Internet including services provided via the Internet The Commission services will,
more detailed statistics about internet sales volumes 3. 2 Need for better co-operation in the application and
http://medien-internet-und -recht. de/pdf/vt mir dok. 155-2007. pdf 97 Queen's Bench Division, 10.03.2006,2006 EWHC 407 (QB;
by L'Orã al, from paid internet referencing services (such as Google's"Adwords"."In parallel to this, L'Orã al had identified several infringements of its trademarks through/by the selling
political party if internet users confused the two websites. 105 Also, defamation has been considered manifestly illegal in some instances. 106 By contrast, infringements
obtain the blocking of access by internet users in their territory and the removal of internet
combat â€oeinfringements of IPR via the internet more effectively"by"tackling the infringements at their
•In December 2009 several French internet platforms and right holders agreed on a charter for the fight against the sale of counterfeit goods on the Internet. 129 An
extension of this charter is currently being discussed. 130 Recently, a number of voluntary codes have been developed at EU level
•On 4 may 2011 a representative group of right holders and internet platforms signed under the auspices of the Commission, a Memorandum of Understanding aimed at
counterfeit goods from being listed on internet platforms. 132 •A similar EU level dialogue on online piracy (copyright infringements) was launched
129 See Charte de lutte contre la contrefaã§on sur Internet http://www. minefe. gouv. fr/actus/pdf/091216charteinternet. pdf
•The Italian law on child pornography through the internet establishes a blocking mechanism for child abuse content
operators judging the legality of information on the Internet represented"private judges "They believed it would not be legitimate
blocking would not be a solution to the existence of illegal information on the Internet
accessible and legal services on the Internet. Moreover, some intermediaries, in particular video-sharing sites, argue that right holders should favour"monetisation"over takedown
The cross-border nature of the Internet, the existing fragmentation of NTD systems, the lack
•Contribute to combating illegality on the Internet •Ensure the transparency, effectiveness, proportionality and fundamental rights
Stakeholders to be consulted include Member States, internet intermediaries, right holders, child protection organisations, civil rights organisations and citizens in general
•In a case concerning the Belgian collecting society SABAM and the internet service provider Tiscali141 (now Scarlet) a judge on 29 june 2007 ordered Tiscali to use a
the internet and as discussed above in the area of video and image content filtering
smartphones or other devices connected to the internet Users should be able to know and control who is using their information, and how the
Cookies are hidden information exchanged between an internet user and a web server, and are stored in a file on the user's hard disc.
Business representatives indicated in the public consultation that today's internet economy and in particular the transformation of the Internet from web 1. 0 to web 2. 0 have been
possible thanks to cookies. They argued that cookies do not store information such as IP addresses or personal information (names, addresses etc
ticking a box when visiting an internet website"."The Commission services understand this in their guidance document as follows
The development of the Internet and the increased supply of online gambling services are posing challenges for the co-existence of differing regulatory models, illustrated by the
but an almost total absence of legal internet sales in some eastern European Member States
The Internet should not replace necessary face-to-face consultations with appropriate medical practitioners but internet services can provide quick and easy access to medicines in particular
for chronically ill people, less mobile citizens, the elderly, working people or inhabitants of rural areas.
Internet guarantees anonymity to users, allowing people to access advice or medicines that they may otherwise be reluctant to approach their pharmacists for in front of other customers
In the absence of developed legal markets, the Internet has, however, become dominated by illegal offers to which consumers (including the most vulnerable seeking"cheaper"solutions
legally offering medicinal products on the Internet. A"reciprocal link"between the common logo and a national register of legally-operating online sellers176 will allow verification of
requirements under which medicines are sold over the Internet, within the limits of the EU Treaty
product purchased on the internet, by phone or post without paying a penalty. This"cooling-off"period
a particular form of advertising such as advertising over the Internet. 184 It has also been
and behavioural targeting has sometimes been perceived as excessive by internet companies The Commission services will continue to monitor
internet users and consumers explaining the digital rights and obligations provided for by EU law in the form of frequently asked questions
There is a growing tendency for businesses to use the Internet to foster the sales of their goods
Globally operating internet companies therefore usually choose to have their country specific sites with a TLD of the country in question.
which the Internet should be neutral, open and easily accessible. This principle is not always compatible with the practice of"traffic
The Commission Communication on the open Internet and net neutrality in Europe193 reports several instances of blocking of legal services (in particular of Voice-over-Internet-Protocol
services by mobile internet providers), but stresses that more exhaustive evidence is needed before policy conclusions can be drawn at the European level.
Committee and the Committee of Regions, The open internet and net neutrality in Europe, COM (2011) 222
The development of the Internet has meant the birth of a trade in goods and services that have
Equally, cultural and sporting events can be viewed on the Internet without having to go to a theatre or sports venue
Historically, music was the first digital content available on the Internet. Thanks to further technological development including the growth of broadband networks,
of counterfeit goods over the Internet can be reduced through voluntary measures involving the stakeholders most concerned by this phenomenon (right holders and
internet platforms. In this context, a Memorandum of Understanding was signed by major internet platforms and right holders on 4 may 2011.203 Over the coming twelve
months, these stakeholders will review and measure progress under the auspices of the Commission services.
framework allowing more effective combating of IPR infringements via the Internet 7. Journalists are authors
publishers have over the use of their works on the Internet, in particular in view of the
whether this be on demand, Internet or satellite. The inadequacy of rules governing the provision of digital cultural goods,
Commission services closely monitor the information and internet sectors to ensure that market players comply with EU competition law
anticompetitive restrictions to cross-border internet marketing and sales. 215 However, certain http://europa. eu/rapid/pressreleasesaction. do?
prohibiting authorised distributors from selling over the Internet. See also the recent judgement of the ECJ
French distributors to sell its products on the Internet is compatible with the (now) Article 101 TFEU and
and require quality standards for the use of an internet site to sell their products.
Internet allows distributors to reach different customers and different territories, certain restrictions on the use of the Internet by distributors are dealt with as hardcore restrictions.
In principle, every distributor must be allowed to use the Internet to sell products. For example any obligation on distributors to automatically reroute customers located outside their
territory, or to terminate consumers'transactions over the Internet if their credit card data reveal an address that is not within the distributor's territory,
are hardcore restrictions Similarly, any obligation that dissuades distributors from using the Internet, such as a limit to
the proportion of overall sales which a distributor can make over the Internet, or the requirement that a distributor pays a higher purchase price for units sold online than the same
considered that such a restriction infringes Article 101 (1) TFEU as it has an anti-competitive object, and
as outlined in the recent Communication on Internet network neutrality. In the first half of 2012, it will report on its analysis of the implementation of the
ensure that new rules guarantee an open Internet (see also Chapter 4. 3. 4 4. 4. 3 E-signatures, e-identification and e-authentication
and open to all communication channels, including the Internet and mobile communications As a first step a public consultation on e-identification, e-authentication and e-signatures was
internet and mobile payments"."The Green Paper aims to assess a number of specific factors
internet and mobile payments and the Green Paper provides the basis for a public consultation
On 11 january 2012, the Commission has adopted a Green Paper on card payments, internet and mobile payments. 244
Internet usage in 2009-Households and Individuals available at http://epp. eurostat. ec. europa. eu/portal/page/portal/product details/publication?
Internet usage in 2009-Households and Individuals, available at http://epp. eurostat. ec. europa. eu/portal/page/portal/product details/publication?
because the Internet continues to be perceived as a risk area generating potential disputes which cannot be solved easily partly because of the nature of
disputes for transactions between businesses and consumers taking place over the Internet. Its partners which include universities,
Internet purchases continue to be the main source of consumer cross -border complaints making up 56%of all complaints addressed to the ECC-Net in 2010
internet actors are resident in two different Member States or even outside the EU Determining the competent court and the applicable law as well as the recognition and
services offered on the Internet In the cases of Hotel Alpenhof and Peter Pammer302, the basic question at issue was whether
contract, can be viewed on the Internet is sufficient to justify the conclusion that an activity is
Reederei Karl Schlã ter through a German travel agency specialising in the internet sale of voyages by freighter.
or when it pays a search engine operator for an internet referencing service in order to facilitate access to its site by consumers domiciled in those various Member States
E-commerce and the Internet have an inherently global dimension, but rules on e-commerce are fragmented still very much both across Europe and worldwide.
internet et dans le commerce traditionnel, June 2009; available at http://www. fevad. com/uploads/files/Prez/fevad estia 110609. pdf
The Commission has also been involved in the discussions within the Internet Governance Forum (IGF) on issues such as the sustainability and security of the Internet
Despite the usefulness of several multilateral dialogues on e-commerce, the Commission believes that e-commerce could benefit from intensifying multilateral dialogues
the WTO/GATS, OECD and the Internet Governance Forum 110 ANNEX I: TRANSPOSITION OF DIRECTIVE 2000/31/EC IN THE EUROPEAN
http://www. legi-internet. ro/legislatie-itc/comert-electronic/legea-comertului -electronic/legea-nr-121-din-4-mai-2006-pentru-modificarea-i-completarea-legii
http://www. legi-internet. ro/index. php? id=22 132 3. Lege privind unele mä suri pentru asigurarea tranparenå£ei à n exercitarea
names, internet protocol addresses and destination addresses of the website -subject-matter of injury and description of
growth of the Internet, through social networking, Web conferencing and instant messaging Collins (2006) proposes the key to successful innovation lies as much in the ability to
business associations, internet sales and service units, internal research and development units and academia. The literature is rich in providing evidence on customer and employees driven
A great deal of additional information on the European union is available on the Internet. It can be accessed through the Europa
Center for Internet Excellence Oulu Innovation Alliance mika. rantakokko@cie. fi Roos Jaspar Future Ideas EU & Chief Humor Officer jaspar@futureideas. eu
-ple, they analyse the Future Internet PPP funded by the European commission during the period 2011-2016.
The European Internet Foundation†s seminal report on our Digital World in 2025 iden -tified mass collaboration as the dominant mega
All use cases belong to the domain of the Internet of Things (Iot) based services, namely:
/Internet world, and people are flocking to them by the minute If Internet 1. 0 was static websites and Internet
2. 0 was all about the first social sites designed for interaction, Internet 3. 0 is now about the
mobile platforms and apps that are driving more and more online traffic and more customised user
increase of mobile-only Internet users in the next few years, leading to whole new ways of web usage
•Thanks to the Internet, more and more inter -actions are online and financially driven (ebay poker, trading
beginning of the era of the Internet and more open societies and economies (varieties of capitalism
entertain †as in the case of the Internet (1 Creativity, Invention and Innovation Regarding innovation, both policy makers and busi
investment in UK Internet and digital businesses, Nesta Report, June 2013 Some of the questions raised in the debate were
investment in UK Internet and digital businesses, Nesta Report, June 2013 8) EIT Call for KICS (2009
As an example we consider the Future Internet Public-Private Partnership programme which runs 2011†2016 and is based on developing a Future
Internet service platform with wide application and exploitation opportunity. In examining this case we discuss the evolving characteristics of the FI
and more recently the Future Internet, demon -strate a potential evolution over time into open
Future Internet Public-Private Partnership (FI -PPP), whose aim is to enhance Europe†s future
and adoption of Future Internet technologies in Europe, thus advancing the European market for smart infrastructures and increasing the effective
The Future Internet Public Private Partnership The Future Internet PPP Programme is a five-year
EUR 600 million, industry-led partnership among 150 leading European Future Internet actors. The forming decisions regarding the FI-PPP programme
were made at the time of deep recession in Europe and the programme was aimed at elevating the
-ives emphasise a holistic approach to Internet busi -ness development, including the identification of opportunities for standardisation, policy contribu
-holder roles in the future Internet value network in particular technology providers, infrastructure providers, integrators, service providers, applica
to build Future Internet applications. A specific suite of tools will enable to operate a dedicated smart
of †use case†projects piloting Future Internet tech -nologies and their application in real-life settings
a Future Internet technology and service platform brings interesting implications with it regarding ecosystem building, open innovation, and govern
European Future Internet community Moving on to Phase 2 with a new set of Use Case
-tation and support action of the Future Internet PPP programme which runs from 2011†2016.
1) European union (2013), †Future Internet Public-Private Partnership Work Programmes 2011†2013â€. FI-PPP€ s
13) Interim Assessment of the Future Internet Public -Private Partnership, ISBN: 978-92-79-19895-3
philosophy where Internet is the nat ural environ -ment in which business are conducted Citizens The innovative thinking has to lead to more and
y Santiago Garcã a (Internet. 2103. Available from http //www. enriquedans. com/2013/10/el-ocaso-del-empleo
9) Talbot D. Big data from Cheap Phones (Internet 2013; Available from: http://www. technologyreview. com
healthcare through EHEALTH (Internet. Available from http://ec. europa. eu/information society/apps/projects /factsheet/index. cfm?
12) Stanton J.,An introduction to Data science (Internet 2012. Available from: http://ischool. syr. edu/media
-ation sectors were cleantech, future Internet printed intelligence and wellbeing technologies All of these sectors were recognised not only as
centres †Center for Internet Excellence (www cie. fi), Printocent (www. printocent. net), Center for
Internet Excellence (CIE The mission of CIE is to actively drive co-cre -ation of next generation Internet technologies
Figure 5: Oulu Innovation Alliance Innovation Centres and Owners  O ul u In no
and create Internet-driven growth opportunities and value by combining cutting-edge research innov ations with agile new business creation
Internet which is linked closely with user-driven innov ations and open innovation processes. The role of CIE is to build collaboration with OIA part
3d Internet the platform is called realxtend (8). The development of realxtend was started in 2006 and
involved in European Future Internet project FI -WARE to further develop the platform, and to make
it as a standard for 3d Internet In addition to the platform development CIE is aim -ing its activities to find sectors where 3d Internet
would provide maximum value added. In this con -text there are projects which are related for exam -ple to teaching/learning and tourism
•panoulu †Network of Public Wireless internet access covering broadly the Oulu city area with
the 3d Internet there is also an open-source vir -tual environment under development †Oulu 3d
Internet, FIREBALL FP7 project White paper,(Online Available at http://www. scribd. com/doc/94651094 /FIREBALL-White-paper
Center for Internet Excellence Oulu Innovation Alliance University of Oulu mika. rantakokko@cie. fi 111
†Internet of things†all the rage at Consumer Electronics Show. CBS Moneywatch †January 7, 2014 http://www. cbsnews. com/news/Internet
-of-things-all the-rage-at-consumer-electronics-show /2) Nunes P.,Downes L. 2014. The Five Most
Nowadays it also includes Internet con -nectivity as well as wireless solutions. In the com -ing years, the infrastructure will become a dense
via the Internet, to support efforts initiated by other people or organisations. In its various forms, crowd
As the issue is related to Internet services, it looks rather evident, that there†s no way to gain back
Regarding the emerging Internet businesses, one of my recommendations would be that the innovative counsel †wannabe†would take a close look at the
like the Internet service contracts. One of the most interesting documents I have encountered ever in this respect is in fact the Facebook statement of
paved the way to the Internet future. FB is not anti-copyright or copyleft. No †the FB uses stand
Internet started to emerge. Explaining to Generation Y that there was something like Gopher, the game Snake on your
-ity through the Internet will create new and better work/life balances for citizens: wherever and when
Wearable technologies supported by Internet coaching will create well-being lifestyles for young people and the elderly.
It is obvious that the Internet already plays an important role in the small and micro firms
â€oethe Internet is essential for us because it offers a huge amount of specific information that is needed to offer even better
â€oewe are trying to use the Internet in the best possible way. †If necessary we are also
technology and Internet trends Furthermore, the prerequisites of the surveyed firms are very good for the strategic application of new
Internet Marketing in the Internationalisation of UK SMES, Journal of Marketing Management, 13 (1-3), pp. 9-28
Effects of the Internet on the marketing communication of service companies, Journal of Services Marketing, 19 (2), pp. 63-69
The Internet and Foreign Market Expansion by Firms, Management International Review, 42 (2), pp. 207-221
the growing impact of the Internet, television, and other distractions at night. Løgstrup and Schmidt
audiovisual tools on the Internet. Entrepreneurs and small business managers are triggered not to learn and to become more innovative by studies
In 2006, Netflix, a major movie rental company, organized a crowdsourcing contest on the Internet. The idea
the growing impact of the Internet, television, and other distractions at night. Løgstrup and Schmidt
audiovisual tools on the Internet. Entrepreneurs and small business managers are triggered not to learn and to become more innovative by studies
In 2006, Netflix, a major movie rental company, organized a crowdsourcing contest on the Internet. The idea
producers, but also in the wave of internet-related in -novators, or in the small group of successful startups
of the internet, originate from this source (Flamm 1988; Lowen, 1997. Since the USA devoted a large
invention of the internet at CERN, all the major breakthroughs originated from academic research carried out by US scientists and/or in US universi
5. Internet (UCLA/DARPA; packet switched multinetworks; http and html protocols; WWW (Berners-Lee 6. Computational complexity;
-ware applications after the internet revolution. The creative skills of small firms were commercially ex
†the Internet works today because of abstrac -tions that were products of the human imagina
govern how data flows through the Internet what happens when packets get lost, and so on NRC, 2004: 18;
We downloaded from the internet all CVS of all top 1, 000 scientists in the Citeseer service, as of end
-vations of the PC (in the 1980s) and the internet (in the 1990s) were introduced, the US system already
waves of IT associated to the PC and the internet ex -actly because they had experienced already the early
The internet: an experiment that escaped from the lab. In Computer science. Reflections on the Field, Reflections from the Field, National Research Council
ï Internet research with key search words such as â€oehigh-growth enterprisesâ€, â€oegazelles†Data from various secondary sources is used here not only for exhibiting numbers of high-growth enterprises
EEN provides an internet-based business platform to facilitate companies†networking activities. However SMES€ deeper participation in such platforms may be limited for several reasons:
through internet protocol product distribution services for multinational corporations. The com -pany was incorporated in 1999 in collaboration with an India-based technology company that
had years of experience in running niche distribution for internet-based products and solutions The company has business representations in countries such as Singapore, Malaysia, Thailand
ï Internet research with key search words such as â€oehigh-growth enterprisesâ€, â€oegazelles†Data from various secondary sources is used here not only for exhibiting numbers of high-growth enterprises
EEN provides an internet-based business platform to facilitate companies†networking activities. However SMES€ deeper participation in such platforms may be limited for several reasons:
through internet protocol product distribution services for multinational corporations. The com -pany was incorporated in 1999 in collaboration with an India-based technology company that
had years of experience in running niche distribution for internet-based products and solutions The company has business representations in countries such as Singapore, Malaysia, Thailand
with a view to optimising, by means of the internet, the economic and cultural potential of Europe†s cultural heritage.
Europe†s diverse and multilingual heritage a clear profile on the internet, and the digitisation of their assets will help Europe†s cultural institutions to continue carrying
material from the internet for preservation purposes. It involves mandated institutions actively collecting material instead of waiting for it to be deposited, thus minimising
techniques for collecting material from the Internet such as web harvesting, in EN 7 EN full respect of European union and international legislation on intellectual
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