It was like magic says James Yoo a researcher at the Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine who is developing a portable printer to graft skin directly onto burn victims.
The team used CT scans to create a CAD file of a sheep's meniscus
and extracted cells from the sheep to print an identical one. Although Lipson's first meniscus looked promising
Then led by Anthony Atala at the Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine researchers began to seed those cells onto artificial scaffolds.
At Wake Forest Yoo's and Atala's teams built custom bioprinters that are modified faster than inkjets
Scientists at MIT have built miniature liver models using micropatterning the same soft lithography technique used to put copper wires onto computer chips.
The longevity of Dolly the Sheep is minimal and will find the same of cells produced by âÂ# TâÂ#Â#cells of maturity.
Muscle stem cells were taken from a cow's shoulder in a gentle biopsy and grown in calf serum with micro-exercise
so they wouldn't be flabby. 20000 cells were assembled then into a burger bound with bread crumbs
and egg (but curiously no salt) colored with beet juice and saffron and presented to the public.
which would be analogous to freedom eggs organic foods etc and would signify any real meat that has not been taken from animals but grown).
Or Growth Meatwe can't just keep ading more and more cattle pigs chickens ect. The amount of livestock we have now has a large environmental impact.
This could be a viable alternative to supplement our food supply cheers. yea sure say good bye to all those cows why raise em
when you can brew them (i assume cheaper) sooo except for the amish and mennonites and zoos and peta freaks cows will go extinct well we might keep a herd for genetic improvement
i supposehi welcome to Petri-Burger! Would you like to try our new Bald eagle petri-nuggets?
Over 40%of our man made greenhouse methane comes from livestock for food. With an exponentially growing population of 8. 3 billion there isn't enough feed in the world to keep that number of cattle pigs
and chicken up to compete with the growing demand. This is certainly good news! We can reduce the number of livestock and stop KILLING helpless animals!!!
I'll take A g-burger please!!!Make it rare since I doubt mad-cow disease will ever be a byproduct.:)
One of them was claiming that a cow uses 28 calories of grass to make a calorie of beef
Those 28 calories of grass the cow uses to make a calorie of beef are mostly celuloise a long chain poly-sacaride that is indigestable to humans and most other mammals.
or hundreds of TONS a day from a single vat and some psycho or terrorist contaminates the vat with the Sheep Scrapie Mad cow disease Kuru or Croitzfeld-Jacobs Disease prion?
1) Not efficient-The current growth medium is made from butchered calves. That means the original grass or grain must be fed to a cow first
and then the unused food value that remains in the blood of the calf after slaughter is available for meat production plus some additionally highly processed nutrients. 2) Amoral
-While the cow had a gentle biopsy the calves didn't have it so nice
when their blood was extracted. This is a bit of a deal killer for vegans or those morally opposed to killing sentient animals for food.
Let's just get to the point where it is more efficient than ranching and not dependent on a slaughterhouse before we start jumping up and down with joy..
I really want to make a Heads-up display using a Raspberry Pi with this soon! Interesting thing would be nice wireless
--but these pityingly limited rulers once built the great Pyramids of Giza the Temple of Artemis the Colossus of Rhodes the Acropolis the fabled Hanging Gardens of Babylon the Gate of Ishtar and in more modern times:
I'm sure your grandparents feared younger generations that didn't know how to farm and rear livestock.
And let us best compare apples to apples and not take things to extremes shall we as it becomes laughable.
There are still places out there wherein the classes are held still in session under trees and thatched huts.
#The Odd Way Beavers Impact Climate Changewhen the industrious beaver scurries around being its toothy self cutting down trees
A new study from Colorado State university geology professor Ellen Wohl finds that these beaver meadows store carbon temporarily sequestering greenhouse gases from the atmosphere.
I have a hard time believing that cutting down trees and burying them in water will have a net negative impact on the level of carbon in the area.
AND anaerobic decomposition as you would get with buried plant matter would produce methane which is a much more potent greenhouse gas than CO2.
Considering the climate stabilizing properties of greenhouse gasses and the importance of CO2 to life On earth we need to do everything we can to prevent carbon sequestration
As a retired Department of Environmental Quality Employee and an owner of timber land this is a stupid article on environmentalism gone crazy in past history.
All vegetation (trees brush plants) are killed in this pond area created. Wildlife/insects in this newly created pond area move
Beavers continue to cut down trees and brush AFTER their dam and ponds are built-yes the destruction exceeds the pond area.
Why doesn't the author try to calculate how much forest was saved (carbon dioxide sequestered) by trapping the beavers?
If you put a steamy cup of coffee in the refrigerator it wouldn't immediately turn cold.
Large trees however could survive for several decades thanks to slow metabolism and substantial sugar stores.
and grocery stores will be pressed hard to keep the shelves stocked certainly not with fruits and vegetables other than whatã¢Â#Â#s canned
but the inventory of even canned food would only last a few weeks at most. Fish would probably start dying soon too
We could keep livestock alive perhaps for a few months longer with reserves of feedstock supplies like hay
and corn (although keeping entire barns warm would be a problem) then butcher these animals for food
</b>I would estimate that at least 99.99 percent of humans would be dead within a year with people who own livestock
but they would have to manage their livestock and food for the livestock very carefully and will probably use fire instead of electricity for cooking starting about month 3 if not sooner
since the infrastructure will be collapsing around them with difficulty in staying warm in heating homes except for those that have wood or coal fireplaces.
and most everything else including big trees contrary to what the author of the article suggests âÂ#Âbecause of the below zero temps.
The Giant sequoia?<<B>Evolution favors life but this favoritism is certainly not species specific.</</B>All species will eventually become extinct this can not be compensated for through the discovery of âÂ#Âoelost knowledgeã¢Â# of some long dead tribe nor is there any evidence to suggest otherwise.
How about fungi do need mushrooms sunlight to grow? could we feed on them on a nuclear winter?
so his focus has shifted of late to our friend the pig. The technique involves taking genetically engineered pig embryos that are incapable of growing their own pancreases
and implanting human stem cells. The pig embryos will then grow amazingly a human pancreas.
When the piglets are born the pancreas is harvested and then can be implanted into a human in need.
Pigs are chosen because they're common and well-understood and also because their organs are of similar size to our own.
Japan currently has a ban on what's called in vivo experiments meaning within the living Essentially Japanese law forbids experiments that involve a whole living creature like these piglets.
In vitro or within the glass is permitted. Nakauchi has for years been campaigning to change this law
How happy are those pancreas-less piglets really? It's a debate without easy answers
Poor piglets. They do reciprocate human love at a young age. Intelligent species. Sad. Do not try
The syllable con indicates that they trick you to spill the beans on yourself. I realise that some animal experimentation must be done but the older
Michaud is grateful for the Breakout Labs funding though he says that in comparison to what power companies could give this is pretty small potatoes.
G. P. S. WORLD MAP MICROSOFT OR APPLE FORMATWITH REMOTE ROBO HANS BLIXMOUSE click g. e. TEPCO?
ALL SWINE! and joe bush barac's protectoraterun's! fiat's like golden dawn's!
bill gate's your barbados n s. a. intel eproms get you PIG ONE! nuremberg whiny or guiltymicrosoft!
i mac apples! or oranges! guilty or not kings and queen'severy leader! that know's the term opec!
like a pig duck! hung a king in iraq! on hoods IN HOODS! PROTECTORATES! CEASERS VALKRYS!
OR LIKE THE K. K. K.?ON A BARABARIC MILLION YEARSTOO B c.!VIDEO DOCUMENT TURNER C. N. N ON DOCKET NUREMBERG HAUGE ASYLUM!
G. P. S. WORLD MAP MICROSOFT OR APPLE FORMATWITH REMOTE ROBO HANS BLIXMOUSE click g. e. TEPCO?
ALL SWINE! and joe bush barac's protectoraterun's! fiat's like golden dawn's!
bill gate's your barbados n s. a. intel eproms get you PIG ONE! nuremberg whiny or guiltymicrosoft!
i mac apples! or oranges! guilty or not kings and queen'severy leader! that know's the term opec!
like a pig duck! hung a king in iraq! on hoods IN HOODS! PROTECTORATES! CEASERS VALKRYS!
OR LIKE THE K. K. K.?ON A BARABARIC MILLION YEARSTOO B c.!VIDEO DOCUMENT TURNER C. N. N ON DOCKET NUREMBERG HAUGE ASYLUM!
I don't have enough trees and bushes to absorb them. And that's the unusual thing.
Power plants contribute one-third of this country's greenhouse gases so this is a good place to start.
The Supreme court has held several times that the Environmental protection agency can regulate greenhouse gases and that means you can control carbon dioxide emissions without passing any new laws.
Higher animals such as primates and dolphins evolved in a greenhouse earth. Earth was damaged by an evasive plant species that kicked a series of global catastrophes called icebox earth
or the ice ages we just barley got out of one and we are did lucky it not kick off a total snowball earth.
Oh the alligator tears over taxation...Seriously. Yes I understand that life has evolved over millenia under different climates
@mjforrestyou do realize that the CO2 uptake of trees pales in comparison to that of algae.
Not to mention the replacement of those trees with other plants that absorb CO2. Not to mention that the CO2 helps plants grow to feed the massive number of humans On earth. tripletiote and brian144
Old growth forests are not the source for these products wood is most commonly a farmed product. www. popsci. com/science/article/2013-04/solar-panels-now-make-more-electricity-they-use@adaptation. It was my understanding that solar panels only pay themselves off in a short period of time
Water vapor accounts for 75%of all greenhouse gases. Sorry bud thats a fact. Man-made climate change is quite arrogant and convenient for climatologists.
and caught in fences and trees! Such a beautifl job of decorating! Viva La Basura!
I'm all about only domesticated animals like cows...they don't want to eat me just stare at
-Again pollution and greenhouse gas aren't always the same topic. Stop throwing them together.
Our production of CO2 is a pollution that adds to our overall greenhouse gas. It's a considerable amount of CO2
but CO2 is compared not considerable to other greenhouse gases.@-@bob I didn't read those links yet I am just addressing Frosttty atm.
Nuclear power has prevented already 64 gigatons of greenhouse gas emissions and would prevent the equivalent of another 80 to 240 gigatons again depending on
But the main point is that nuclear power is cleaner and greener than sources that belch carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases into the atmosphere.
/id=hcf@Listenup 1. Coal Ash Is More Radioactive than Nuclear Waste http://www. scientificamerican. com/article. cfm?
id=coal-ash-is-more-radioactive-than-nuclear-waste2. I do agree we shall go for clean renewable energy
Just Google radioactive coal ash (without quotes) and you'll learn the truth about coal.
and disrupt 100's millions of acres of forest deserts plains lands mountains beachesetc. You can replace hundreds of wind turbines and square miles of solar farms with one bnuclear power plant.
which is inhaled/ingested is a hugely false comparison (so is comparing it to bananas or radiation from watching TV etc.)
and greenhouse gases accumulate. Solar's DAY; if it is to have one is now.
Enjoy your fruit. Doctors say it's good for you. 5 servings daily. I do agree with Anyicon's statement about comparison to air travel yes it's by all means the safest mode of travel out there
A tree blown down wires ravaged by wind a flooded power facility each event had rippled out to affect homes far from the point of failure.
A single tree felled by a storm like Sandy can cut off power to thousands. The existing U s. electric grid has a linear structure.
That's why a single felled tree can cut power to thousands of customers. And that's how overgrown trees brushing high-voltage lines in Ohio could black out 50 million people along the East Coast in 2003.
One way to reduce the impact of any individual failure is to replace the linear structure with a looped one.
A tree hits the line. In the old linear system all the customers beyond the fault point would lose power;
A tree blown down wires ravaged by wind a flooded power facility each event had rippled out to affect homes far from the point of failure.
Just cut damn trees 15 feets on each side of each power line. It was Nikola Tesla who made the grid of today not Thomas Edison.
instead in the amount of radioactive carbon trapped in the annual growth rings of some of the world's oldest trees.
Since trees take in both carbon-14 and its stable relative carbon-12 the relative levels of carbon-14 in their growth rings give scientists a way of measuring the amount of high-energy particles entering Earth's atmosphere in a given year.
When analyzing two ancient Japanese cedars last year the scientists found that the amount of carbon-14 present in their 775 AD growth rings was shockingly large.
which could then go on to form the carbon-14 present in such abundance in the Japanese cedars.
tree ring studies and sedimentary cores can often be used to identify variations in the atmospheric concentrations of whichever isotope is being used
Buzz70. comrobot i guess the record they were speaking of is the one from old Japanese cedars.
Cedars are known to reach 2000+years even in other parts of the world. 3000 years must be pretty much the max though.
Shouldn't it be pretty easy for them to expose some 775 A d. soil in the neighborhood of their 3000 year old trees
The tree-ring record actually goes back 12000 years and includes measurements from thousands of currently living forests as well as lots of long-dead trees that have been preserved in bogs and other decay-proof environments.
I mentioned the 3000-year record because for this study the researchers had to be able to see how carbon-14 levels changed from one year to the next
but the 12000-year record has only a five year resolution (measurements were taken from every fifth tree-ring;
and obtained annual tree-ring data for those other two events and it turned out that the carbon-14 spikes occurred over a few years
Also@monkeybuttons while it's true that carbon-14 dating isn't perfectly precise this study was based on tree rings
Yes they were measuring the carbon-14 in tree-rings but they weren't using the carbon-14 to tell them how long ago the event happened.
the reason scientists amassed this giant carbon record from trees in the first place is so that they could find out how carbon-14 inputs changed over time
and lakes penetrating the jungles and impounding rushing rivers in an effort to throw two great oceans together.
The land of the jungle where the mosquito sang her weird song of death unmolested for four hundred years vying with the germs of dysentery typhoid fever and pneumonia in the destruction of human life;
The Canal Zone ten miles wide and forty-five miles long is composed of mountains of moderate height marshy swamps numerous small lakes jungles almost impenetrable in some places
the perpetual moisture warmth and rich soil lead to extravagant growth of hundreds of varieties of tropical grasses plants flowers vines and trees furnishing favorable harbor for the insects;
The jungle was cut away some distance from all residences so that the mosquito could find no resting place.
#Another Chinese National Indicted For Stealing American GMO Cornsometimes even a high-tech heist requires a little digging around in the dirt.
Earlier this month a federal court indicted a Chinese national for trying to steal GMO corn technology from Dupont Monsanto and Agreliant Genetics.
and signing an agreement with a GMO company (although that might present its own difficulties:
Parent plants are much more valuable than the GMO seeds farmers buy. A farmer who plants a crossbred GMO corn crop could keep the resulting seeds
and replant them if she wanted. I mean technically she could because the seeds aren't sterile as is alleged often
However a crop grown from crossbred seeds will contain a mix of corn types most them inferior in quality.
For centuries residents of Guiyu s four villages had scratched out a living farming rice along the Lianjiang River.
In a neighboring village women cooked circuit boards curbside in woks and children played atop ash heaps.
Primitive grinders reduced those bits to lentil-size fragments which children then sifted through and sorted by color.
In the world of recycling mixed plastics (everything beyond water bottles milk jugs and plastic bags) were considered a dead end.
The third pile known as shredder residue includes everything else lastic foam rubber glass leather carpet even wood
Biddle points out the wood the foam the copper wire. Sometimes we get dead animals he says.
but as more manufacturers have embraced his near-virgin product his plastics are appearing in more high-end applications like Nespresso coffee machines and Electrolux vacuum cleaners.
But not just any wood. The tower s strength and mass rely on a highly engineered material called cross-laminated timber (CLT.
The enormous panels are up to half a foot thick. They re made by placing layers of parallel beams atop one another perpendicularly then gluing them together to create material with steel-like strength.
This construction has more in common with precast concrete than traditional timber frame design Thistleton says.
When it opened in 2009 Stadthaus was by far the world s tallest modern timber building.
It s become a competition among architects to see who can build the next tallest wood high-rise says Frank Lam a professor of wood building design and construction at the University of British columbia.
or concrete CLT also known as mass timber is cheaper easier to assemble and more fire resistant thanks to the way wood chars.
Wood is renewable like any crop and it s a carbon sink sequestering the carbon dioxide it absorbed during growth even after it s been turned into lumber.
Waugh Thistleton estimates that the wood in Stadthaus stores 186 tons of carbon while the steel and concrete for a similar conventionally built tower would have generated 137 tons of carbon dioxide during production.
but sturdy residential-building system of thin wood beams introduced during the mid 9th century (so light people said that it might just float away).
and San francisco. These disasters led to strict local construction codes that limited the height of residential wood buildings to as low as five floors.
The great forests of skyscrapers that grew across the world s cities in the 20th century were made almost entirely of steel and concrete.
There was a long period where people forgot how to use wood says Alex de Rijke a partner in the London architecture firm of drmm which has worked extensively with mass-timber design.
But over the last two decades architects and engineers have begun to rethink the possibilities of wood as a structural building material.
In the mid-1990s the Austrian government funded a joint industry-academic research program to develop new stronger forms of engineered wood to soak up the country s oversupply of timber.
Normal wood is strong in the direction of the grain but weak in the cross direction.
And because it relies on layers of smaller beams it can reduce waste by using odd-shaped knotty timber that lumber mills would otherwise reject.
and send them to an engineer who would convert the documents into specifications for each wood beam or steel plate.
and sends them to robotic wood or steel routers which shape panels with millimeter precision.
It took just 27 days for four men working three days a week to erect the timber portion of Stadthaus about 30 percent faster than a comparable steel-and-concrete structure.
Whatever client came in timber came on the table says Waugh and after an hour timber all too often came off.
The resistance arose from assumptions about wood as a material: Clients believed that any wood structure would behave like a balloon frame with its structural weaknesses and vulnerability to fire.
We found the journey at times frustrating Thistleton says. One thing we found was the inability of anyone to distinguish between mass timber and a timber frame.
Fire is of course the first concern that comes to mind with wood construction. And yet mass timber is actually safer in a fire than steel.
A thick plank of wood will char on the outside sealing the wood inside from damage. Metal on the other hand begins to melt.
Steel when it burns it s like spaghetti says B. J. Yeh the technical services director for APA he Engineered Wood Association.
When the Australian arm of Lend lease a global project management and construction company began to design Fortã Â a 10-story apartment building in the docklands neighborhood of Melbourne its engineers were not considering mass timber.
We originally looked for a lightweight construction solution that could work on relatively poor soil conditions says Andrew Nieland who oversees timber construction projects for the company.
and came across engineered timber Neiland says. Generally speaking CLT construction is about 15 percent cheaper than conventional steel and concrete according to research by Waugh Thistleton.
But the biggest driving force behind the turn toward wood is a growing awareness among architects and developers about their field s contribution to climate change.
Wood on the other hand ven engineered wood like CLT which requires additional energy to cut and press into sections s far more environmentally friendly.
According to Wood For good an organization that advocates for sustainable wood construction a ton of bricks requires four times the amount of energy to produce as a ton of sawn softwood;
and cool a wood building. When CLT is used to build high-rise towers the carbon savings can be enormous.
Rather than producing greenhouse gases Stadthaus is fighting them. While firms like Waugh Thistleton have focused on the lower end of the high-rise scale others are designing radically taller buildings up to 40 or more stories.
Called the Timber Tower Research Project it reimagines Chicago s 42-story Dewitt Chestnut apartment tower
Overall the proposed building is about 80 percent wood with steel and concrete at the joints to provide added stiffness.
But for a blue-chip firm like Skidmore to embrace high-rise wood construction is a sign of how rapidly the technology is moving from the engineering vanguard to the mainstream.
Structures that were once a major source of greenhouse gases could instead scrub them from the atmosphere.
The process for producing cross-laminated timber makes clear why architects call it plywood on steroids.
Beams of wood usually spruce are set down side by side in layers with each layer perpendicular to the one beneath it creating a wood board up to a foot thick.
or concrete beams. 4) Interior walls are fireproofed usually by applying a layer of gypsum paneling on top of the mass timber panels. 5) A two-inch layer of concrete typically covers two two-inch layers of insulation
But until recently inventors lacked the aerodynamics expertise to turn diagrams into mechanical versions of something as quotidian as a fly or a bee.
And the stubby wings of bees and other insects lift far more weight than can be explained using conventional steady-state aerodynamics principles.
They assigned a graduate student named Rob Wood among others to help develop techniques to fabricate the tiny parts
There are a whole bunch of subtle things that happen Wood says. Michael told us the most important features to generate vortices and other aerodynamic effects.
By the time Wood graduated in 2004 and opened his own lab at Harvard university he had helped pioneer a way to use extremely energy-efficient exotic materials to replicate the motion of a fly s wing;
On a freezing day in 2006 Wood arrived at his Oxford street laboratory at Harvard. On the workbench sat a 60-milligram robot with a three-centimeter wingspan and a thorax roughly the size of a housefly.
Wood jumped in jubilation. It had taken him seven years to get to this point and it would take another five to reach his next breakthrough:
I didn t end up sleeping the rest of that night Wood says. The next morning we had champagne
Wood has pioneered microscale robotic flight; other researchers have used flapping-wing dynamics to reduce the size of aerial vehicles capable of carrying payloads.
or buzz of a bee says Jayant Ratti Techject s president. A flapping-wing drone utilizing resonance generates significant improvements in energy efficiency creating optimal lift with minimal effort.
They teamed up with Wood whose lab had joined since Harvard s Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering
For Wood the big hurdle is power. Unlike the much larger Instanteye Nano Hummingbird and Dragonfly drones Robobees must be connected to an external power source.
Wood is using microfabrication to try to shrink onboard batteries and he s collaborating with researchers at Harvard the University of Washington
and insects are suited perfectly for environments where you have dynamic obstructions he trees are moving the branches are moving.
or pollinate crops. And then there s Dickinson who initiated the project to build the robotic fly.
The stuff that made Rob Wood s work possible was just the basic mechanisms by
Now we are going beyond that to understand how flies steer and maneuver. Learning how nature creates superior sensors could lead to lighter smarter drones.
or the environment and help pollinate crops. Research scientists could use them to gather data in the field.
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