and even pest and disease resistance. There is potential for these multifunctional techno-greenhouses built around LED grow lights to increase the quality of the food we eat
and ways to improve upon them. 4. Real-time Healthcare Monitors Rather than doing the snapshot-in time testing that doctors do today,
7. Cure for Aging Life expectancy is getting longer, but the usefulness of the human body has traditionally maxed out somewhere around 120.
Will it someday be possible to find a cure for aging? 8. Driverless cars How long will it be before we see the first highway in the U s. to be designated as adriverless-cars only highway?
Hyper-Individualized Medicine Professor Lee Cronin at the University of Glasgow believes we will soon be using 3d printers to replace traditional pharmaceuticals with hyper-individualized medicines that are printed specifically for the person at the time they ordered them.
What are the likely health and business implications from this kind of technology? 24. Crypto Currencies Bitcoin is the first crypto currency to make major inroads as an alternative to national currencies.
Legalized Marijuana Movement Tracking very similarly to the end of prohibition in 1929, the legalization of recreational marijuana in Colorado and Washington is paving the way for other states
and counties to follow suit. How long before the marijuana is as prevalent as alcohol in nightclubs around the U s. and around the world?
35. Perpetual Self-Filling Canteen In a world where people continually die from lack of hydration,
Anomaly Zero The medical problems most people have can be traced to changes in a single cell.
Sensors help agriculture by enabling real-time traceability and diagnosis of crop, livestock and farm machine states.
Optical sensors or drones are able to identify crop health across the field (for example, by using infrared light).
Infrastructural health sensors: Can be used for monitoring vibrations and material conditions in buildings, bridges, factories, farms and other infrastructure.
The creation of entirely new strains of food animals and plants in order to better address biological and physiological needs.
and maintain and enhance human health and our environment. Scientifically viable in 2013; mainstream in 2023;
Iowa 126,921 119 Peoria, Ill. 114,754 119 Pompano Beach, Fla. 100,819 119 Richardson, Texas 100,057 119 Westminster, Colo. 106,750 119
. 136,891 116 Salem, Ore. 154,835 116 Shreveport, La. 200,099 116 Springfield, Ill. 115,982 116 Topeka 127,312 116 Bridgeport, Conn. 144,446 115
, Ill. 152,948 100 Columbia, Md. 100,735 99 Miami Gardens, Fla. 107,884 99 Garden Grove, Calif. 171,377 98 Salinas, Calif. 150,634
Calif. 215,188 95 Round Rock, Texas 100,764 95 Warren, Mich. 134,550 95 Bakersfield, Calif. 347,091 94 Elgin, Ill. 109,513 94
. 292,262 90 Antioch, Calif. 102,575 89 Aurora, Ill. 196,569 89 Carlsbad, Calif. 105,097 89 El paso 650,778 89 Olathe
Chula Vista, Calif. 242,499 85 Joliet, Ill. 147,098 85 Mcallen, Texas 130,297 85 Detroit 721,459 84 Lancaster, Calif. 155,496 84
. 101,339 68 Thousand Oaks, Calif. 126,570 68 Elk Grove, Calif. 151,639 67 Frisco, Texas 116,944 61 Naperville, Ill. 142,143 56
Lisa Maki, a cofounder of the tech start-up Pokitdok it helps consumers find low-cost health care providers says 15 of the company s 23 employees are based in Charleston.
Many employees want to raise their children in a less high-stress environment, and they love the ability to live close to work,
including health-tech giant Benefitfocus, which opened in 2000 in a shuttered Walmart. When CEO Shawn Jenkins and a partner started the company,
develops software that helps employees manage workplace health and life insurance benefits. It has estimated an 20 million users.
so that owners can drive coast-to-coast without range anxiety. And to more strongly compel these slightly more risk-averse buyers,
or impossible for the farmer to react to a problem like a disease outbreak before it s too late
it s easy to develop some paranoia about the dangers ahead. However, much of today s technology is giving us superhuman attributes.
Nano-Medics The medical problems most people have can be traced to a single cell or a small group of them.
Health professionals capable of working on the nano-level, both in designing diagnostics systems, remedies, and monitoring solutions will be in high demand. 111.
Bio-Factory Doctors Strategists, and Developers 112. DNA Scientists 113. Gene Sequencers 114. Treatment Monitors Micro-Colleges The systems used to create colleges centuries ago seems justifiably primitive by today s standards.
Situational Therapists 125. Life-Stage Attendants 126. Memorial Designers 127. Octogenarian Service Providers As the population continues the age we will have record numbers of people living into their 80s, 90s, and 100s.
Plant Psychologists & Plant Therapists As we mess with theminds of the plants, there will invariably be any number of unplanned reactions.
Hospital and Healthcare Dismantlers Details here. 139. Income tax System Dismantlers-Details here. 140. Government agency Dismantlers Details here. 141.
Memory Augmentation Therapists Entertainment is all about the great memories it creates. Creating a better grade of memories can dramatically change who we are
Amnesia Surgeons Doctors who are skilled in removing bad memories or destructive behavior. 162. Geoengineers Weather Control Specialists We are moving past the age of meteorology
which improve soil health and reduce the risk of crop loss. We weatherproof our homes;
which improve soil health. No-till farming means that instead of plowing-under that rich soil ecosystem every planting season Brown plants directly onto the stubble of last year's crops.
and enhance soil health. Planting a mix of cover crops like winter wheat and hairy vetch increases soil nutrients and water retention and prepares the soil for the next planting rather than depleting it.
and improve soil health provides a built-in buffer against weather extremes and makes farming a considerably less-risky business.
or growing crops on marginal land that requires heavy use of chemical fertilizers that depletes soil health.
and soil health in these videos. Lehner's most recent Op-Ed was Now Hiring:
) What's more Sarkar said rotational tornado winds can put even stronger stresses on buildings than straight-line winds.
Schools hospitals and high-density buildings like shopping malls could be designed to these higher standards Sarkar said.
One task she's been devoted particularly to is finding ways to keep her creations clean of debris and contaminants.
The September 2012 study published in the journal Soft Matter by Dr. Bhushan and engineering graduate student Greg Bixler shows that rice leaves
They then subjected the replicas to experiments designed to determine how efficiently they moved through air (drag) how well they got rid of contaminants (self-cleaning) how tightly contaminants stuck to the surface (adhesion)
and other microbes in medical tubing could greatly reduce a patient's risk of infection.
which are valued for the supposed medicinal benefits. The United states also is a destination for illegal ivory according to the study.
This causes the problem and is the disease that must be treated. This is a question of education public outreach
Nobody in their right mind would want to do said that John Gearhart the director of the Institute for Regenerative Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania who was involved not in the study.
Instead scientists attempting to treat diseases of the cell's powerhouse the mitochondria refined the technique
The study's leader Shoukhrat Mitalipov of Oregon Health & Science University told reporters that the early embryos 100-cell bundles known as blastocysts seem to have defects preventing them from implanting properly in the uterus and reaching maturity.
These cells have the capability to develop into any tissue in the body a talent that could make them the stars of regenerative medicine the goal
of which is to grow fresh cells and tissues from patients suffering from various diseases. Scientists are now able to take regular adult cells
and their use is supported generally by anti-abortion groups such as the USCCB since no embryos are destroyed in their creation.
and ips stem cells provide promising alternative ways to heal illnesses without raising people s temptations to engage in such attacks he said referring to the destruction of human embryos.
What's more ips cells can't be used to treat diseases of the mitochondria which are tiny organs within cells that convert the molecules in the food we eat into chemical energy the cell can use.
what's in the nucleus. Trying to treat a mitochondrial disease by turning back the clock on an adult cell's genome would do nothing
and Drug Administration approval in the United states not a given by any means but rogue clinics or scientists in less-regulated nations could make attempts he said.
and produce no greenhouse-gas emissions or toxins. The goal is to design and develop efficient sustainable and practical human-powered vehicles.
 In developed countries those types of vehicles along with more conventional bicycles can be used to relieve traffic congestion improve public health reduce airâ pollutionâ and significantly lower transportation costs.
In developing countries human-powered vehicles can provide affordable basic transportation for personal transport deliveries and even ambulance services.
and have improved cardiovascular health compared to automobile commuters. Additionally in many parts of the world human-powered vehicles are used to meet basic transportation needs.
 Students participating in the HPVC are designing transportation solutions for a world faced with economic stress and poverty climate change and strife over energy supplies.
and the harm that can be brought about by technological choices. They are the students employers want to hire.
But South korean biomedical engineer Insung Hwang hopes to find just a cell nucleus and produce a clone from it like Dolly the sheep.
Conservation controversy Critics of de-extinction say reviving extinct animals would do more harm to conservation efforts than good.
and we will start chemical analysis soon she said. The German process uses a special conveying system to load de-stemmed grapes onto a belt that travels past a sorting module.
While collecting real-time data on weather soil health of crops and air quality is important as is the availability of equipment
Beyond novelty printed food could provide serious medical benefits. The netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific research (TNO) announced they ll build printers to reassemble pureed food to look like the original think 3d printed broccoli florets from pureed broccoli.
TNO has targeted printers for nursing homes in order to help elderly people who have chewing and swallowing problems.
Beyond medical conditions TNO has proposed printing customised meals with varied levels of the basic food components like carbs protein and fat for everyone from seniors to athletes to expectant mothers.
Some suggest 3d printed meat could provide high quality protein for a growing global population without increasing stress on arable land
Biopsies aren t the only sources for culture. The process could potentially use stem cells.
They work with communities on a wide range of issues including synthetic biology and bionic implants.
Dr. Robert Gorkin is a Strategic Development Officer at the ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science (ACES.
10 Health Status Signs Taking water measurements Steward and his colleagues collected data on past and present groundwater levels in the Ogallala Aquifer and developed statistical models to project various
Two rpm is the maximum rotational period crew members could tolerate without running the danger of dizziness and disorientation.
The lab section would have to replicate the atmospheric pressure suggested for future Mars habitats by Dr. Robert Zubrin President of The Mars Society.
Indeed the Mars Gravity Biosatellite competition (created by the Mars Society following a brainstorm session between Dr. Zubrin
Soybeans provide basic proteins capable of sustaining human health. Greens sprouts and even seaweed may help create a balanced diet.
Our research at the Centre of Excellence for Postharvest Biotechnology at Nottingham University s Malaysia Campus is making these natural products into nano-forms or submicron particles to control postharvest diseases.
Synthetic chemicals are used currently to control postharvest diseases but consumers worry about the chemical residues they leave on fruit their environmental impact
and the potential for pathogens to become resistant to them. Our research is a response to this developing more environmentally friendly and non-chemical approaches.
since these natural biodegradable products we are researching can also contribute to traditional medicine and pharmacology as we learn more about our natural environment.
Hopefully too we can develop better ways of reducing the huge amount of food loss that takes place
which includes contaminants such as sulfides as on pure methane. Now the company is setting out to achieve the same yields at a commercial scale.
and so as it grew would deliberately place material in such a way as to minimise stress.
and the result was a fantastic reduction in stress concentration allowing for more slender components.
How Off-road Tech Aids Conservation Google earth and Google street view have made it possible for anyone with an Internet connection to explore some of the world's most spectacular destinations right from their computer tablet or smartphone.
Evidence is emerging that specific wavelengths of light have distinct effects on crop yield quality and even pest and disease resistance.
#Tomorrow's Wearable Tech Is Straight Out of'Star trek'A hearing aid that wirelessly streams audio from an MP3 PLAYER.
From personalized medicine to fashion wearable technology is making a splash in the tech world. In honor of National Engineers Week (the third week in February) Live Science chatted with two engineers about some of the promises
The Best Fitness Trackers of 2014 Medical devices were one of the first applications of wearable tech.
Devices such as hearing aids have been around for decades. But what if hearing aids could stream audio directly from a music player?
That's where I see the future integrating technology with the rest of the world around a user said Kalyani Malleia a senior systems engineer at Starkey Hearing Technologies a hearing technology company based in Eden Prairie Minn.
Wearable tech has infiltrated the consumer health market too. Fitness trackers GPS watches and blood-pressure monitors are just a few of the devices that allow individuals to record
and track their health and share that information with their social network almost like a diary of your life Shaddock said.
As devices get smaller and more efficient they will become increasingly common he added. Wearables will perform many of the functions of today's personal computers.
and transmitting them to an implant in his brain wearables are being created to assist people who are disabled.
and highly nutritious vegetables because the membrane keeps the plants separated from any pathogens in the culture medium allowing only the water
Zinc-finger nucleases have recently been used to create human immune cells that are resistant to HIV (see'Designer protein tackles HIV'.
The US Environmental protection agency (EPA) has agreed to set new rules governing emissions of mercury and other toxic chemicals from power plants by November 2011,
according to a settlement in a federal lawsuit filed by several environmental and health groups. Environmentalists say that the Clean Air Act required the EPA to set limits by 2002,
Vaccine report: More children than ever are being immunized, but 24 million infants in the world's poorest nations still do not receive routine immunization, according to a report by the World health organization, UNICEF and the World bank.
The 21 october State of the World's Vaccines and Immunization report says that although four in five children now have access to lifesaving vaccines,
at least another US$1 billion is needed annually to help raise immunization rates above 90%.%This would cover the rising costs of immunization
But researchers say that past landrace contaminations from illegal GM maize planting (see Nature 456,149;
HIV vaccine doubt: Results of the largest-ever HIV-vaccine trial looked less impressive when full details were published formally last week (S. Rerks-Ngarm et al.
N. Engl. J. Med. doi: 10.1056/nejmoa0908492; 2009) than when they were outlined in a press release a month earlier.
In September, the trial was said to show that a vaccine combination reduced the risk of HIV infection by nearly one-third.
But Peter Smith, a tropical epidemiologist at the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, says there is not much evidence from the data that it protects at all.
The week ahead 29 october â oe1 November Philadelphia hosts the 47th Annual Meeting of the Infectious diseases Society of America. go. nature. com/ykfvnw 29 â oe30 October
Kenya, hosts the Multilateral Initiative on Malaria's fifth Pan-African Malaria Conference. www. mimalaria. org/pamc 2 â oe6 November The United nations Framework
African innovation Africa is struggling to turn local discoveries into drugs and other health-care inventions
according to papers produced by the Mclaughlin-Rotman Center for Global Health in Toronto, Canada. The reports, published by Biomed Central on 13 december,
including several drug candidates and a dipstick test for schistosomiasis. Scientists have no incentive to commercialize results,
Policy NIH access A key panel of advisers to the US National institutes of health (NIH) voted last week to open the Clinical Center 墉 the agency's huge research hospital in Bethesda, Maryland
500 patient studies are in progress at any given time (see Nature 466,172; 2010). ) The same board voted to establish a translational-medicine centre at the NIH (see page 877 for more.
European patent Countries in the European union (EU) have broken through a decade-long impasse over establishing a low-cost single European patent system.
Anthrax report The US National Academy of Sciences has delayed releasing a long-awaited report on the investigation into the 2001 anthrax attacks, after a request by the Federal bureau of investigation (FBI.
US pharmaceutical giant Johnson & johnson issued a long-awaited public offer to buy Crucell, a biotechnology firm headquartered in Leiden, The netherlands.
which specializes in vaccines and antibody therapies. Crucell's board of directors unanimously supports the deal, and shareholders will vote on the matter on 8 february.
TB diagnosis The World health organization (WHO) said on 8 december that a test that can rapidly diagnose tuberculosis (TB) was a'major milestone'for disease control.
for any contamination of their neighbours'non-GM fields. The Federal Constitutional Court said on 24 november that the 2004 (amended in 2008) legislation,
Patient protection US President Barack Obama has asked his bioethics commission to review the recent discovery that US government-funded scientists intentionally infected subjects with syphilis in a study in Guatemala in the 1940s (see Nature 467,645;
adequately protect those taking part in federally funded scientific research from harm. UK immigration UK government quotas on immigration,
Q-fever delay A report has found that the Dutch government took too long to respond to an outbreak of Q fever,
and made almost 4, 000 ill in The netherlands. The disease caused by the bacterium Coxiella burnetii,
can trigger abortions in goats and sheep and cause flu-like symptoms and sometimes pneumonia in humans.
The seven-man panel, whose evaluation was released last week, found that the health and agriculture ministries coordinated their efforts poorly before they ordered a cull of more than 50,000 dairy goats in 2009,
which seems to have quashed the disease. Nations pledge to double tiger numbers Thirteen countries that are home to the world's last wild tigers have pledged to try to double the animal's numbers to about 7
000, and to significantly expand its habitat by 2022 (the next Chinese year of the tiger.
and bottles, may affect development and immune responses, and poses cancer risks. Tuna quotas Fisheries regulators are showing little mercy to the Atlantic bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus),
which is in danger of being wiped out by commercial fishing. On 27 november at a meeting in Paris, members of the Madrid-based International Commission for the Conservation of Atlantic Tunas,
Business Orphan drugs European spending on research and development (R&d) of'orphan'drugs for rare diseases jumped from ¢ 158 million (US$207 million) in 2000 to nearly ¢Â
500 million in 2008 墉 doubling from 1%to 2. 2%of total European pharmaceutical R&d spending,
In that same period, global R&d spending on orphan drugs grew from ¢ 305 million to ¢ 1. 9 billion
a decades-old law intended to safeguard against plant pathogens from overseas. Previous types of GM plants are covered
because they they were made using plant pathogens. The bacterium Agrobacterium tumefaciens which can cause tumours on plants shuttled foreign genes into plant genomes.
Developers then used genetic control elements derived from pathogenic plant viruses such as the cauliflower mosaic virus to switch on the genes.
says Johan Botterman, head of product research at Bayer Bioscience in Ghent, Belgium. The technique is established well for many crops,
) Bayer is interested in harnessing other enzymes called'meganucleases'to do the same type of targeted engineering,
2012) to show the scale of the health threat from mercury in Madre de dios. She found that in mining zones,
Mercury poisoning can cause vomiting and diarrhoea and, in more extreme cases, brain or kidney damage.
Despite the overwhelming evidence of harm Peruvians are divided still over the findings. Some march through Puerto Maldonado s main plaza shouting through megaphones that mercury is killing everyone,
whereas others are willing to drink the toxic liquid metal to prove it is safe.
non-governmental organizations have distributed retorts that can capture the toxic vapour. Two years ago, Peruvian engineer Carlos Villachica unveiled the ECO-100v, a US$4, 500 machine that uses water and jets of air to separate gold from sediments.
Through the Recovery Act, my Administration committed over $100 billion to support groundbreaking innovation with investments in energy, basic research, education and training, advanced vehicle technology, health IT and health research
We have invested highly in important research being done to improve the health and wellness of all Americans so that we can continue to unravel clues to treating
or preventing some of life s most daunting and debilitating diseases, develop powerful new medicines,
and even define strategies that will prevent disease from occurring in the first place. We have made also critical investments in research and development to bolster our national security and defense.
And my budget continues to support making permanent the R&d tax credit which would allow businesses the ability to invest
Obamacare imposes an excise tax on the revenue of medical device companies that is already driving jobs and investment overseas.
Meanwhile, the FDA s slow and opaque approval process is rated less than one-fourth as effective as its European counterpart by medical technology companies.
Robust NIH funding will only have desired its effect if paired with sensible policies that facilitate medical innovation more broadly.
Recent experiments show how Avian flu may become transmissible among mammals. In an era of constant and rapid international travel,
what steps should the United states take to protect our population from emerging diseases, global pandemics and/or deliberate biological attacks?
To further improve preparedness, we must continue to invest in the best public health monitoring systems that can be built.
I will also encourage advancements in research and manufacturing to increase scientific understanding of new pathogens
and improve response time when they emerge. The development of new countermeasures, from diagnostics to antibiotics and antivirals to respirators, will help protect human lives in the face of new bugs and superbugs.
Unfortunately, the Obama Administration has taken numerous steps that are stifling medical innovation. He has imposed new taxes on innovative companies.
He has empowered bureaucrats to manage the marketplace. His FDA has slowed the drug development process and inserted requirements that drive up the cost of developing new antibiotics.
A robust public health system is only as strong as the tools available, and I will empower the private sector to pursue the breakthroughs that will equip society for the health challenges of the twenty-first century.
Increasingly, the global economy is driven by science, technology, engineering and math, but a recent comparison of 15-year-olds in 65 countries found that average science scores among U s. students ranked 23rd,
while average U s. math scores ranked 31st. In your view, why have fallen American students behind over the last three decades,
and what role should the federal government play to better prepare students of all ages for the science and technology-driven global economy?
Politicians have attempted to solve these problems with more spending. But while America s spending per student is among the highest in the world,
yet many Americans are concerned increasingly about the health and safety of our food. The use of hormones, antibiotics and pesticides,
as well as animal diseases and even terrorism pose risks. What steps would you take to ensure the health, safety and productivity of America s food supply?
When I started, our food safety system needed to be modernized. One in four people were getting sick every year due to food-borne illness,
and children and the elderly were more at risk. I signed the most comprehensive reform of our nation s food safety laws in more than 70 years â oe giving the Food and Drug Administration the resources,
authority and tools needed to make real improvements to our food safety system. We have strengthened standards,
bolstered surveillance used to detect contamination problems earlier, and responded to illness outbreaks faster. I am also working to bolster the use of organic farming methods
and minimize pesticides and antibiotics in our food. I set the ambitious goal to increase the number of certified organic operations by 20 percent â oe
and we expect to meet that target. I am protecting human health by ensuring that the foods the American public eats will be free from unsafe levels of pesticides by making sure that all new,
and even older pesticides, comply with strict science-based health standards. We are also making sure safer pesticides get to market faster,
so that we can decrease the use of those pesticides that have higher risks of health impacts.
And my administration is taking steps to limit antibiotic use for livestock. This will help ensure that antibiotics are used only address diseases and health problems
and not for enhancing growth and other production purposes. And I will continue to work on food safety issues to ensure that public health is the priority in our food safety system.
Preventive practices are the best tool to reduce the incidence of food-borne illnesses because they provide the greatest control over the potential risks of contamination
and are generally the most cost-effective. These practices are developed best by growers, handlers, processors,
and others in the supply chain with specific knowledge of the risks, diversity of operations in the industry,
and feasibility of potential mitigation strategies. In a Romney Administration the FDA will work closely with industry,
to develop specific guidance for the commodities most often associated with food-borne illness outbreaks.
100 water and waste water community infrastructure projects to safeguard the health of 18 million rural residents and support 135,000 jobs.
and through foreign policy to protect the environmental health and economic vitality of the oceans? We are directing additional funding to Gulf Coast restoration to bring back the fisheries and coastal ecosystems
which is targeting ecological problems such as invasive species, toxic hot spots, and pollution runoff. We are cleaning up the Chesapeake bay,
so we have the most accurate data possible on the health of our fisheries. These are significant steps that are helping us improve the health of our oceans and build more robust fisheries.
The federal government has a vital role to play in conducting sound science and making the resulting data available.
and industry associations should have access to the data to protect the health and vitality of the oceans and to adjust policy when necessary.
A Romney Administration will safeguard the long-term health of fisheries, while welcoming input from the fishermen most affected at every step
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