Farmers dig into soil qualityefforts to bring chemical fertilizers to Sub-saharan africa are met often with concerns over harmful environmental and economic side effects.
The products improve soil quality useful in Africa, where soils often lack crucial nutrients and help to increase yields.
dried grasses and other indigestible plant matter could greatly improve the efficiency of converting waste biomass to fuel.
Ethanol and other biofuels, including certain petrol and diesel substitutes, can be produced from simple sugars, usually by fermentation.
But most of the biomass produced in agriculture and forestry lies unused in more-complex chains of sugars, for example lignin and cellulose.
"I think there is a great potential for this approach in biomass processing, says Harvey Blanch, a bioenergy researcher at the Joint Bioenergy Institute in Emeryville, California,
who was involved not in the work. A lab-scale experiment suggests that the solvent might already produce cellulosic ethanol some 10%more cheaply than existing state-of-the-art technology,
director of biomass applications at enzyme company Novozymes, based in Raleigh-Durham, North carolina. But Luterbacher says that his team's enzyme-free process has plenty of potential for improvement."
By contrast, GVL is made easily from biomass, and easily recovered from a mixture of dissolved sugars.
and a University of Wisconsin spin-off firm, Glucan Biorenewables, is already using GVL to make furans, a different kind of biofuel.
and another company, INEOS Bio, started up a facility near Vero Beach in Florida. This year
Granbio and Fulcrum Bioenergy are all hoping to start producing cellulosic ethanol in commercial amounts in the United states
or applying extremely high temperatures to break down biomass into syngas (hydrogen and carbon monoxide). Claire Curry, a bioenergy analyst at the information firm Bloomberg New Energy Finance, expects that some 50 million to 60 million gallons of cellulosic ethanol could be produced commercially worldwide this year up from just a few
million gallons in 2013. Barriers to success are now not so much the high costs of the technology to break down cellulose as the lack of guaranteed markets for bioethanol,
adds Thomas Foust, director of the National Bioenergy Center at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory in Golden, Colorado.
who studies biological-systems engineering at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, the new solvent deserves to be developed further."
"There is great potential for it to help overcome some of the most vexing problems associated with biofuels,
Now some bacteria or virus that infect humans on earth take a long time to actually show up
or virus the strong ability to spread across humanity. Well now you can imagine where this gone.
/Brazilian Doctor Arrested For Using Silicone Fingers To Fool Fingerprint-Based Biometric Check-Inour keyless
Thaune Nunes Ferreira 29 was arrested on Sunday for using prosthetic fingers to fool the biometric employee attendance device used at the hospital where she works near Sao paulo.
Police said she had six silicone fingers with her at the time of her arrest three of which have already been identified as bearing the fingerprints of co-workers. http://disinfo. com/2013/03/brazilian-doctor-arrested-for-using-silicone-fingers-to-fool-fingerprint-based-biometric-check in/Mr
Mutation breeding is considered not genetic engineering which puts genes from one species into another species. Genetic engineering can be a quick
International atomic energy agency nuclear radiated biological mutant seed enhancement amplified evolutionary adapation production against wheat rust desease for Kenyan farmers.
To the point that mutation based on radiation is accepted as a biological dating system. The plant is not radioactive it s only accelerated evolution with human selection.
when thy tyrant overlords want to burn books they will just release a secret virus to delete
My question to you is do you have antibiotics that kill resistant bacteria's and viruses?
a virus that attacks the female reproductive system. It shuts it down. Why female? Because the female could artificially inseminate
The most contagious virus ever. Now of course we will have a cure. A complex TEMPORARY and expensive cure.
Scannon a medical doctor and founder of a biotechnology company first visited Palau in 1993 as a recreational scuba diver.
if the features are purely biological like coral heads or actual wrecks. Moline pauses on an image with an oblong shape.
Oceanographers and biologists studying living structures such as coral reefs could also benefit from it; 3-D models would enable them to detect how ocean acidification
(or tainted depending on your viewpoint) by genetic engineering. Especially when it comes to corn. As much as 88 percent of corn grown in the U s. is modified genetically.
or any approved genetically modified food on the market to allergies one of his sources plant geneticist Pamela Ronald told him.
and biotech worlds Shetterly wrote in her piece though her piece does little to explain why beyond the notion that powerful agricultural corporations like Monsanto are preventing research into unknown allergens that might arise from genetic engineering.
Officially known as the Farmer Assurance Provision has been derided by opponents of biotech lobbying as the âÂ#Âoemonsanto Protection Actã¢Â# as it would strip federal courts of the authority to immediately halt the planting
and bacteria to deliver the genes into the corn so that it can produce Delta Endotoxin.
For this reason GMOS that have the Bt gene are compatible with biological control programs
or animal that has been modified genetically through the addition of a small amount of genetic material from other organisms through molecular techniques.
Currently the GMOS on the market today have been given genetic traits to provide protection from pests tolerance to pesticides
/27/the-genetics-and-politics-of-genetically-modified-foods/Good article natarajanganesan. Did you write that?
if the modified gene can have complications 1000x generations down the line. Why would the government pass a bill to protect Monsanto
and biological weapons could end up in the hands of terrorists; a possible threat that was neutralized by our removing Hussein from power
The results indicate that it would be prudent for GM CROPS that are destined for human food
and animal feed including stacked GM CROPS to undergo long-term animal feeding studies preferably before commercial planting particularly for toxicological and reproductive effects.
and these GM CROPS are consumed widely by people particularly in the USA so it would be be prudent to determine
Just add a few beef genes here and there another bag full of bread genes. Coffee-sized machines 3d-print algae foodstuffs-precursor so we can handle the texture-hurdle. z=textstyle-frac {3}
Dr. Mezzomo led the study in concert with the Department of Genetics and Morphology and the Institute of Biological sciences at University of Brasilia and it was published in the Journal of Hematology
and Thromboembolic Diseases. http://gmoevidencecom/wp-content/uploads/2013/05/JHTD-1-104. pdfprofessor Joe Cummins (Professor Emeritus of Genetics University of Western Ontario) concurs
and he's kind of an expert. http://wwwi-sis. org. uk/Bt-toxin. phpit is no coincidence that Monsanto has invested so much money in our politicians and against measures such as California's Prop 37.
ÃÃÚÂ Ã 2. A comparative analysis published in the International Journal of Biological sciences examined the health effects of three different varieties of Monsanto-developed GMO corn on mice.
Institute of Biology in France looking at the effects of genetically modified corn. The research showed that in both male
The tiny masterpieces of biomedical engineering are nearly identical to tissue samples from real human livers
In labs around the world bioengineers have begun to print prototype body parts: heart valves ears artificial bone joints menisci vascular tubes and skin grafts.
From 2008 to 2011 the number of scientific papers referencing bioprinting nearly tripled. Investment in the field has spiked as well.
Since 2007 the National Heart Lung and Blood Institute of the National institutes of health has awarded $600000 in grants to bioprinting projects.
The very first bioprinters weren't expensive or fancy. They resembled cheap desktop printers because in fact that's
In 2000 bioengineer Thomas Boland the self-described grandfather of bioprinting eyed an old Lexmark printer in his lab at Clemson University.
Scientists had modified already inkjet printers to print fragments of DNA in order to study gene expression. If an inkjet could print genes Boland thought perhaps the same hardware could print other biomaterials.
After all the smallest human cells are 10 micrometers roughly the dimension of standard ink droplets.
While Boland's lab worked out the problem of bioprinting other engineers applied 3-D printers to different medical challenges.
So Boland and other bioprinting pioneers modified their printers. They disabled the paper-feed mechanisms in their inkjets
Suddenly bioengineers went from drawing life on a flat canvas to building living sculptures. It was like magic says James Yoo a researcher at the Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine who is developing a portable printer to graft skin directly onto burn victims.
As somewhat of an outsider coming in to biology my impression was'Okay I'm gonna put the cells in the right place incubate it for a while
Suddenly bioengineers went from drawing life on a flat canvas to building living sculptures. A printer that can dispense the right ink in other words is only the first step.
In the case of a meniscus it might mean developing a bioreactor that can approximate pounding
At Wake Forest Yoo's and Atala's teams built custom bioprinters that are modified faster than inkjets
and they can be used to deliver genes and growth factors to developing cells. But as in the case of polymers they can introduce foreign materials into the body and cause inflammation.
As a result not everyone believes scaffolds are necessary including Gabor Forgacs Organovo's cofounder and a biological physicist at the University of Missouri.
Therein lies the biggest misconception about bioprinting: What most people think of as the finished product the newly printed cellular material isn't finished at all.
and triggering a change in gene expression. A grant from the National Science Foundation enabled Forgacs
and his team to experiment with bioprinters instead of laying down aggregates by hand and the technology transformed their research.
Using a bioprinter Forgacs proved that aggregates containing different cell types also fuse without any human intervention or environmental cues.
You will never build an extended biological structure a big organ or tissue by putting down individual cells Forgacs says.
Ibrahim Ozbolat a mechanical engineer at the University of Iowa has developed also a bioprinter which uses multiple arms moving in tandem to deposit a vascular network and cellular aggregates at the same time.
and complexity of the vascular system graduating from biological parts and pieces to whole printed organs will become only a matter of time.
Several of the company's 10 bioprinters have been named and labeled for characters from the 1997 sci-fi film The Fifth Element.
Steps from Willis's Dallas past a half dozen refrigerator-size incubators sit the bioprinters Ruby
What bioprinters so far lack and what will enable the field's next wave of breakthroughs is sophisticated biologically software.
Sensing an opportunity Autodesk has teamed with Organovo to develop CAD programs that could be applied to bioprinting.
Eventually its goal is to integrate the math that describes self-assembly and other cellular processes into bioprinting software.
In April Olguin's team released Project Cyborg a Web-based platform geared toward nanoscale molecular modeling and simulations for cellular biology.
Organovo's first biological product will be liver tissue for drug testing. Every year the pharmaceutical industry spends more than $39 billion on R&d.
Bioprinters could build organs with tumors so that surgeons could practice. At Stanford researchers have tried to get around this problem by breeding mice with livers made up mostly of human cells.
A study published in October showed the mice predicted how well a drug for treating hepatitis C would be metabolized by humans.
If bioprinted assays provide pharmaceutical researchers with better quicker data the entire drug-discovery process will accelerate.
Bioprinters could also prove invaluable for medical schools. Students now train on cadavers but when it comes to procedures like cutting out cancer nothing matches the real experience.
Rather than printing healthy tissue bioprinters could build organs with tumors or other defects so that surgeons could practice before entering an operating room.
Bioprinting organs with cells grown from a patient's own body could eventually help doctors churn out perfect matches at will.
Perhaps scientists say bioprinters could even enable bionic organs body parts that don't just restore but extend human ability.
To that end researchers at Princeton university have been experimenting with integrating electronics into bioprinting. Earlier this year they created a matrix of hydrogel
In a similar manner bioengineers might one day incorporate sensors into other tissues for example creating a bionic meniscus that can monitor strain.
Bioprinters are already demonstrating scientists'remarkable mastery of biology and engineering. Back at Organovo inside an otherwise unremarkable neon-lit clean room Dallas arranges human cells into intricate patterns that mirror those of nature.
Dr. Post a cardiovascular biologist from Maastricht University brought his raw burger out in a petri dish under a cloche.
and mennonites and zoos and peta freaks cows will go extinct well we might keep a herd for genetic improvement
Bio meat seems like a good enough name. And it's probably what it will end up being called anyway.
earlier this week the Expert Panel on Bioethics of the Council for Science and Technology Policy Japan's federal science advisory board recommended the laws be changed to allow Nakauchi's work.
and also involves some genetic manipulation and almost certainly some inhumane treatment of animals. How happy are those pancreas-less piglets really?
the whole biodiversity and supporting billions of people argument.@@Frost particularly I think you would pride yourself on believing in evolution.
Man-made nuclear radiation is wreaking havoc on human genetics human health and our environment. NEW Gallup Poll:
Studies of occupational workers who are exposed chronically to low levels of radiation above normal background have shown no adverse biological effects. http://www. nrc. gov/about-nrc/radiation/health-effects/rad
While Europe is building a massive Supergrid (much of it with DC lines) for it`s solar wind and bio energy transports.
Earlier this month a federal court indicted a Chinese national for trying to steal GMO corn technology from Dupont Monsanto and Agreliant Genetics.
The sequences of parent plants'genes represent some of the companies'most important intellectual property.
Now the biologists use cameras that can run at 7500 frames per second significantly higher than what was once available to researchers and that work in infrared light.
and bioenergy compared to wind solar and nuclear energy because the combination of the two can lead to negative emissions says IIASA researcher Volker Krey lead author of the study published last week.
CCS is a yet-unproven technology that would remove carbon from fossil fuel or bioenergy combustion and store it underground.
In combination with bioenergy this results in carbon dioxide removal from the atmosphere (owing to the previous carbon uptake of plants through photosynthesis)
The future availability of bioenergy and CCS technologies would also take some pressure off other sectors in terms of required mitigation effort says Krey.
Unless stringent mitigation action in transport and other end-use sectors is implemented almost immediately the only way to still achieve the 2 degree target will be to rely on carbon dioxide removal technologies such as bioenergy with CCS.
Bioenergy is an especially valuable energy resource because unlike solar wind and hydro power it can be converted into liquid and gaseous fuels
and therefore valuable supplies of biomass across the globe by reducing the need for biofuels Based on our analysis this freeing up of biomass is one of the key system-wide consequences of electrifying transport says Mccollum.
Available biomass could then be used for example in plastics manufacturing or steel production which are otherwise challenging to decarbonize.
and the company has appointed Bio-Angle Vacs Sdn Bhd to manage the production and marketing of the vaccine said the Vice chancellor of UPM Prof Datuk Dr Mohd Fauzi Hj Ramlan when speaking at the ceremony.
GMP@Biotech (or FTU) a service centre under the Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Science of UPM.
Dr Fauzi said FTU which was established in 1999 is equipped now with the facilities for upstream and downstream production of biotechnological products including packaging
The FTU services centre which cost RM14 million to develop is now serving a horde of local companies like Malaysia Agriculture Hightech Stella Gen Johor Biomicrobe Pascal Biotech MVP One
Biotech for the development and production of their biotechnology products. He said Bio-Angle Vacs Sdn Bhd
and FTU were currently developing the standard operating procedure (SOP) for the mass production of the STVAC 7 vaccine using the GMP facilities of the service centre as well as product registration before marketing.
For example the described technique is used to develop tomatoes with resistance to tomato yellow leaf curl virus
The technique includes reliably rearing whiteflies with a specific virus while omitting the possibility of cross-contamination to other viruses--an easily encountered problem because of the sheer number of whiteflies used in testing.
Such contamination would jeopardize the results of an entire experiment. After exposing large numbers of a particular plant species to a specific whitefly-transmitted virus a researcher can then note which individual plants resisted infection and why.
This article outlines how to generate hundreds or thousands of infected plants year-round by exposing them to whiteflies each week.
and to meet an anticipated demand for biofuels--requiring more and more fertilizer. Even if anthropogenic NOX emissions were globally zero avoiding critical load exceedance at all national parks would require a 55%reduction of anthropogenic NH3 emissions their report states.
This insects alongside some fungi bacteria and viruses cause annual loses of between four and ten percent of all the stored grains worldwide mainly corn wheat sorghum rice and beans.
Additionally it will be useful in a number of other disciplines including geology archaeology biodiversity glaciology and rangeland ecosystem research.
#First look at complete sorghum genome may usher in new uses for food and fuelalthough sorghum lines underwent adaptation to be grown in temperate climates decades ago a University of Illinois researcher said he
Patrick Brown an assistant professor in plant breeding and genetics said having a complete characterization of the locations (loci) affecting specific traits will speed up the adaptation of sorghum and other related grasses to new production
Brown is working on the project through the Energy Biosciences Institute at the U of I hoping to use the sorghum findings as a launching pad for working with complex genomes of other feedstocks.
The EBI provided the startup funding for the study. To adapt the drought-resistant tropical sorghum to temperate climates Brown explained that sorghum lines were converted over the years by selecting
Now that genotyping is cheap you can get a lot of data for a modest investment. Previous studies had looked at a specific genomic region or a smaller subset of these lines.
This is the first study to look at all of them A previous paper had come out looking at a specific region of chromosome 6
The researchers used a new technique called genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) to map genetic differences in 1160 sorghum lines.
Using GBS we're now able to cover the whole genome with some gaps in individual lines he said.
While much improvement has been done for grain sorghum Brown said little improvement has been done for sweet or bioenergy types.
But now there is a lot of interest in using sorghum for other things such as growing sweet sorghum in areas where they grow sugarcane and growing biomass sorghum for bioenergy through combustion or cellulosic technology.
and use the genes that we bred for in grain sorghum over the last hundred years and move them into sweet sorghum and biomass sorghum.
We think that finding those genes is going to be said critical he. Even with this complete genetic map Brown said the research is still not at the end point.
The case I always make is that over here we have grain sorghum where we've done almost all the plant breeding
and where we've stacked the good genes. Over here we've got exotic sorghum which hasn't been improved at all yet it's where most of the genetic diversity is.
For that genetic diversity to be useful to grain sorghum we need to know where the genes are for height
and maturity so we can bring in good diversity while keeping our grain sorghum short and early like we need it he said.
or biomass sorghum researchers will need to bring in some of the genes from grain sorghum for traits like seed quality or early-season vigor.
This is the general agronomic stuff we've been breeding for not the genes for dwarfing and earliness.
But the bigger problem with biomass sorghum right now is the moisture content of the biomass.
Because biomass sorghum is grown annually growing until frost comes when it is harvested it has a high moisture content.
When we cut it down there's tons of biomass. I don't know that there's anything else that can match it in the area
but the biomass is really high moisture. For the existing cellulosic idea as it stands now that is not very useful he said That's one of the roadblocks to biomass sorghum right now he said.
Sweet sorghum where you squeeze the sugary juice out like sugarcane may be closer on the horizon.
Right now we're using sorghum as a model--maybe we can find sorghum genes that we can also tinker with in miscanthus
Brown added that with genetic studies and improvements there are other value-added opportunities for sorghum grain.
Another gene found shows that sorghum produces a huge amount of antioxidant in the outer layer of the grain.
The research was done at the Energy Biosciences Institute a collaboration in which bioscience and biological techniques are being applied to help solve the global energy challenge.
The partnership funded from the energy company BP includes researchers from the University of California Berkeley;
N-Fix is neither genetic modification nor bioengineering. It is a naturally occurring nitrogen fixing bacteria
Halas Rice's Stanley C. Moore Professor in Electrical and Computer Engineering professor of physics professor of chemistry and professor of biomedical engineering is one of the world's most-cited chemists.
and pressure created by the steam were sufficient to kill not just living microbes but also spores and viruses.
Ajayan is the Benjamin M. and Mary Greenwood Anderson Professor in Engineering and a professor of mechanical engineering and materials science chemistry and chemical and biomolecular engineering.
behavior through physiological neurological and genetic means. Species of animals that are more vocal in their expression like macaques parrots
Results of these trials will allow researchers to gain insight into genetic and social components of behavior bringing insight to the Nature vs.
what age it was weaned said Katie Hinde professor of human evolutionary biology at Harvard university and an affiliate scientist at the UC Davis Primate Center.
#New non-GM technology platform for genetic improvement of sunflower oilseed cropscientists have developed techniques for the genetic improvement of sunflowers using a non-GMO based approach.
The new technology platform can harness the plant's own genes to improve characteristics of sunflower develop genetic traits
and Plant science at NUI Galway and has been published in the journal BMC Plant Biology. Among oilseed crops sunflowers are one of the most important sources of edible vegetable oil for human consumption worldwide.
The oils are also for industrial processes such as making soaps cosmetics perfumes paints and biofuels.
Dr Chatterjee is currently a Science Foundation Ireland (SFI) ETS Walton Fellow at NUI Galway collaborating with the SFI Genetics and Biotechnology Lab of Professor Charles Spillane.
Dr Chatterjee's research uses an approach called TILLING (Targeting Induced Lesions In The Genome) an established non-GM method for creating
However along the way many useful genetic variations have been lost. This new technology allows us to pinpoint key genetic information relating to various useful traits in the sunflower including wild sunflower species. It gives us a method to quickly create variability for further breeding to enhance the quantity quality and natural
performance of the crop. In this era of increasing global food crisis and changing climatic regimes such ability is highly desirable.
The research breakthrough was part of a collaborative project between Bench Bio (India) URGV Lab INRA (France) NUI Galway Plant and Agribiosciences Research Centre (Ireland) and Advanta
and Agribiosciences Research Centre (PABC) to improve the bioenergy crop Miscanthus. Also known as elephant grass miscanthus is one of a new generation of renewable energy crops that can be converted into renewable energy by being burned in biomass power stations.
Story Source: The above story is provided based on materials by National University of Ireland Galway. Note:
helping Africans to irrigate cropscould algae that feast on wastewater produce clean biofuels and a healthful supply of fish food?
This team dubbed Algafuture is composed of undergraduates and graduate students from the departments of Geography and Environmental Engineering and Chemical and Biomolecular engineering.
while dining on these pollutants the plant-like organisms could then be used to produce renewable biofuels or food for fish farms.
At the same time the pathogens in wastewater such as viruses fungi and bacteria could destroy the algae themselves
and thwart the plans to produce biofuels and fish food. With an initial EPA grant the student team tested 20 species of algae.
or biofuel production is the most economically viable use for algae grown in wastewater. Their faculty advisers are Edward Bouwer professor and chair of the Department of Geography and Environmental Engineering and Michael Betenbaugh professor in the Department of Chemical and Biomolecular engineering.
Both departments are within the university's Whiting School of engineering. The other Johns Hopkins team aims to improve the irrigation of vegetable gardens that provide nutrition and income for families in remote rural communities in South africa.
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