Without undermining official recognitions of skills and diplomas, necessary measures should be taken to allow initiatives led by employers,
%to reduce school dropout rates to below 10 %and increase the share of young people with a third-level degree or diploma to at least 40%;
%to ensure at least 20 million fewer people are at risk of poverty or social exclusion.
Vincenzo Morabito Department of Management and Technology Bocconi University Milan Italy ISBN 978-3-319-04306-7 ISBN 978-3-319-04307
in order to capture the interests of top managers as well as graduates students. Taking these issues into account,
Vincenzo Perrone at Bocconi University, Prof. Vallabh Sambamurthy, Eli Broad Professor at Michigan State university, and Prof.
Franco Fontana at LUISS University as main inspiration and mentors. Moreover, I acknowledge Prof. Giuseppe Soda
Head of the Department of Management and Technology at Bocconi University, and all the other colleagues at the Department, in particular Prof.
Arnaldo Camuffo, Prof. Anna Grandori, Prof. Severino Salvemini, and Prof. Giuseppe Airoldi, all formerly at the Institute of Organization and Information systems at Bocconi University, who have created a rich and rigorous research environment where
I am proud to work. I acknowledge also some colleagues from other universities with whom I've had the pleasure to work,
whose conversations, comments, and presentations provided precious insights for this book: among others, Prof. Anindya Ghose at New york University's Leonard N. Stern School of business, Prof.
Vijay Gurbaxani at University of California Irvine, Prof. Saby Mitra at Georgia Institute of technology, Prof. Ravi Bapna at University of Minnesota Carlson School of management, George Westerman at MIT Center for Digital Business, Prof.
Ritu Agarwal at Robert H. Smith School of business, Prof. Lynda Applegate at Harvard Business school, Prof. Marco de Marco at Unversità Cattolica del Sacro Cuore di Milano, Tobias Kretschmer, Head of Institute for Strategy, Technology and Organization of Ludwig Maximilians University, Prof.
Marinos Themistocleous at the Department of Digital Systems at University of Piraeus Prof. Chiara Francalanci at Politecnico di Milano, Wolfgang König at Goethe University, Adriano Solidoro at University of Milano-Bicocca, Luca Giustiniano at LUISS University, Prof.
Zahir Irani at Brunel Business school, Prof. Sinan Aral at NYU Stern School of business, and Ken and Jane Laudon.
Furthermore, I want to gratefully acknowledge all the companies that have participated to the research interviews, case studies, and surveys.
In particular, for the financial institutions: Banca Mediolanum, Banco Popolare, Banca popolare dell'Emilia romagna, Banca popolare di Milano, Banca popolare di Sondrio, Banca popolare di Vicenza, Barclays, BCC Roma, BNL
-BNP PARIBAS, Carige Group, Cariparma Credit agricole, Cassa di risparmio di Firenze, Cedacri, Che Banca! Compass, Credito Emiliano, Deutsche bank, Dexia, Hypovereinsbank, xi ICBPI, ING DIRECT, Intesa Sanpaolo Group, IREN, Mediobanca, MPS Group, Poste Italiane Group, SEC, Société
Européene de Banque, UBI Banca, Unicredit Group, Veneto Banca and Webank. For the insurance sector:
allowing a seamless integration of the virtual world of social networks and playground as part of their own everyday life.
requiring code of conducts, rules, and right, likewise 3. Generation Z represents the source and the target for
Indeed, absorptive capacity measures the ability of an organization to complete a learning process as coping with IT complexity or in our case with Big data management and use by businesses.
Dean J, Ghemawat S (2008) Mapreduce: simplified data processing on large clusters. Commun ACM 51:1 13. doi:
The fourth case study is about introducing the cloud computing technologies to the Indian education system to overcome deficiencies,
Bhatia G, Lala A (2012) Implementation of cloud computing technology in Indian education system. ICCCNT12 26th 28th July 2012, Coimbatore, India References 45 Chapter 3 Mobile Services Abstract In this Chapter we discuss the main implications of mobility for digital business.
In order to facilitate the automatic learning activity, all the sentences are converted into a numerical representation, which can refer to single words, sentences with two or three words,
Li Y, Ma S, Zhang Y, Huang R, Kinshuk (2013) An improved mix framework for opinion leader identification in online learning communities.
In The Joint Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural language processing and Computational Natural language Learning (EMNLP-Conll)( pp. 1056 1064.
and ability to find/use tools for their business tasks and continuous learning. Modern organisations should try to seize this opportunity
has cooperated with Carnegie mellon University, in a report entitled‘Mobility and Security'that addresses the consumerization related problems 12.
Therefore, it can be referred to digital cross-organizational collaboration (digital COC) as the subject of interest 7. Digital collaboration covers many fields such as learning
or they had steep learning curves, especially for elderly communities who are uncomfortable with the advanced technologies.
that is widely used in several disciplines such as knowledge management, organizational learning and education. Cop can be used to serve one or more distinct purposes within an organization,
collaboration and learning is asynchronous conferencing and is used to define technologies that are associated with interaction delay among the contributors in such conferences.
which are suitable for learning scenarios or for circumstances when work forces who are involved in problems solving tasks,
and can encourage reluctant members/learners to share their points of view and lets the participants to contribute
these virtual societies encourage self-learners to discuss and solve real-world problems/situations as well as focus on collaborative patterns of teamwork
computer scientists at Carnegie mellon University have created a project called recaptcha, which uses humans'abilities and intelligence to identify distorted words on websites.
This project is initiated by computer scientists from Carnegie mellon University in which people are collaboratively using their humans'thinking,
This required reaching the academic institutions across many cities and deliver lectures which required about 5 hours of travel.
The introduced technology has succeeded to achieve high satisfaction rates from both the members of the faculties and the students.
and tools that are available to play the roles of collaboration applications at work environments or educational institutions.
XRDS Crossroads ACM Mag Students 17:22 26. doi: 10.1145/1869086.1869096 23. Scekic O, Truong H-L, Dustdar S (2013) Incentives and rewarding in social computing.
presented in 2012 by an international team of scientists led by the University of Cambridge, the cost of protection against cybercrime often exceed the cost of the threat itself 10.
and methods for augmenting the awareness in the users and code of conducts, leading to habits suitable to preserve an organization as well as individuals digital identity.
University of Adelaide Press, Adelaide 14. Beynon-Davies P (2011) The enactment of personal identity.
and learning Mechanisms Roles and responsibilities Definition Strategic information systems planning Active participation by key stakeholders Shared understanding of business/IT goals IT organization Structure Balanced scorecards
alignment/governance maturity models Adapted from 10 150 8 Digital Governance include business/IT participation, strategic dialogue, shared learning and proper communication.
Harvard Business school Press, Boston 4. Benington J, Moore MH (2011) Public value theory and practice.
, universities, research centers, industrial companies, but also suppliers, manufacturers of complementary products as well as end users. The ideas and projects developed internally are only a part of the value that can be generated by the company;
Harvard Business school Press, Cambridge 18. Amit R, Zott C (2001) Value creation in E-business. Strateg Manag J 22: 493 520 19.
Harvard Business school Press, Boston 29. Afuah A, Tucci C (2003) Internet business models and strategies. Harvard Business school Press, Boston 30.
Johnson MW, Christensen CM, Kagermann H (2008) Reinventing your business model. Harv Bus Rev 86:50 59 31.
and does not require much learning. The impact is intended as a measure of how much this innovation changes the established processes for the user,
Table 10.2 User value indicators Fast learning Yes User interface Good User experience Good Process impact Low User feedback Good (initial) Wow effect High
The founding team includes MIT and Columbia University Professors in computer science, who were fascinated by the prospect to understand human behavior through the analysis of location data over time.
One of the founders is Alex Pentland, Toshiba Professor at MIT, serial entrepreneur and one of the most cited authors in computer science.
Table 10.4 User value indicators Fast learning Yes User interface Good User experience Good Process Impact Low User feedback Very good Wow effect
programmers, and hardware engineers, committed to Table 10.6 User value indicators Fast learning Yes User interface Good User experience Very good Process impact Low User feedback Very good
Table 10.8 User value indicators Fast learning No User interface Good User experience Very good Process impact Medium User feedback Very good Wow effect
a software Table 10.10 User value indicators Fast learning Yes User interface Very good User experience Very good Process impact Low User feedback Good Wow effect
They combine a decade of MIT Human Dynamics Lab research, represented by the Cofounder Professor Alex Pentland in the Management Team, with advanced signal processing and computational engineering capabilities,
Table 10.12 User value indicators Fast learning Yes User interface Good User experience Good Process Impact Average User feedback Very good Wow effect
Table 10.14 User value indicators Fast learning Yes User interface Good User experience Good Process impact Average User feedback Good Wow effect Middle
Competitors Some Enabling infrastructure Ready Table 10.16 User value indicators Fast learning Yes User interface Good User experience Very good Process impact Low User feedback Very
Table 10.18 User value indicators Fast learning Yes User interface Good User experience Very good Process impact Low User feedback Good Wow effect Low 10.11 Starbucks Digital
the impact on current processes and the steepness of the learning curve; the perceived value of Table 10.19 Company competitiveness indicators for time-to-market Company Starbucks digital ventures Funded 2008 NPRODUCTS A few Clients Many Partners
Few Market dimension Very large Competitors Many Enabling infrastructure Ready Table 10.20 User value indicators Fast learning Yes User interface Very good User experience Very good
Harvard Business school Press, Boston, MA 2. O'reilly III CA, Tushman ML (2008) Ambidexterity as a dynamic capability:
Strategic Analyst Villanova University: Noah Barsky, Professor Endeavor: Linda Rottenberg, Cofounder and Chief executive officer Rhett Morris, Director of Endeavor Insight Purpose:
Jeremy Heimans, Cofounder and Chief executive officer Kevin Steinberg, President and Head of Client Services Steering committee Members:
a university, or a large corporation. It is interconnected this nature that makes entrepreneurship such a fascinating endeavor.
For example, Frontier industries will have high requirements on R&d infrastructure (such as universities) and need capital providers with a high risk appetite to finance the early life stages.
I really do my homework and my research, and I'm going to be involved 100, %he says.
Through the Magic johnson Foundation, we have 150 students on scholarship and we've built technology centers all around urban America.
Frontier companies need a strong external ecosystem of universities, R&d labs, educated workforce to thrive Silicon valley being the most prominent example of such a setup.
He holds a Phd in Mathematics from the University of Oxford and an MSC in Electronic Engineering from the Technical University at Munich.
She holds an MBA from INSEAD, an MA in International Studies, Economics and Middle east Studies from The Johns hopkins university and a BA in International Studies and Business Administration from the University of South carolina-Columbia.
Economics and Anthropology from Ludwig Maximilian University in Munich. About the Authors and Acknowledgments ERNST & YOUNG Maria Pinelli Maria Pinelli is Global Vice-Chair for Strategic Growth Markets at Ernst & young (EY) Global,
She holds a degree in Commerce and French (Hons) from Mcmaster University, Canada, and completed executive education at Harvard and Kellogg School of management.
He 38 The Bold Ones holds a Master of business administration from University of virginia's Darden Graduate school of Business,
and a Bachelor of science in Commerce from the University of virginia's Mcintire School of business. Rebecca Hiscock-Croft Rebecca Hiscock-Croft is a Senior Strategic Analyst with global accounting and consulting firm Ernst & young (EY) in New york. She focuses on entrepreneurship and capital markets for the firm
She holds a Master's degree in Financial Econometrics from the University of New south wales Australia, and has undergraduate degrees in International Business and International Relations from the University of South australia.
VILLANOVA UNIVERSITY Dr. Noah Barsky Dr. Barsky is a professor at the Villanova University School of business, USA.
His research and teaching focus on performance measurement, business planning, risk assessment, and contemporary financial reporting issues.
Other academic experience includes positions as a visiting MBA professor at INSEAD (Europe) and a visiting research scholar at the University of Melbourne (Australia.
and delivers executive programs, management training, and educational seminars for various business organizations and professional associations across the globe.
and Advances in Business education and Training. Dr. Barsky has received multiple university teaching excellence awards and has been recognized internationally for his scholarly writing and curriculum innovation.
His professional experience includes practice in the fields of accounting and finance as an analyst, auditor,
He earned his undergraduate and masters degrees from Penn State university USA and his Ph d. from the University of Connecticut, USA.
He holds active licenses as a Certified public accountant and Certified Global Management Accountant. ENDEAVOR Linda Rottenberg Linda Rottenberg is Cofounder and Chief executive officer of Endeavor,
Rottenberg is a graduate of Harvard College and Yale Law school, USA. She lives in Brooklyn, New york with her husband and identical twin daughters.
Morris earned a Master of business administration from Vanderbilt University, Tennessee, USA in 2007 and a bachelor's degree in History from Louisiana State university in 2003.
and the University of Sydney and is a citizen of Australia and The netherlands. Kevin Steinberg Kevin is the President & Head of Client Services at Purpose.
and is currently an adjunct professor at Brandeis University's International Business school. 40 The Bold Ones High-impact Entrepreneurs Who Transform Industries 41 This report draws on data from the participants of the EY 2013
but also requires improvements across other pillars such as higher education, training and technological readiness. Figure 2: Defi ning Competitiveness, Comparison of European Regions, 3 Top 10 Countries in Innovation Globally Source:
The Global Competitiveness Report 2013-2014 1 2 5 6 7 Institutions Infrastructure Macroeconomic environment Health and primary education Higher education and training Labor market efficiency
Defi ning Competitiveness The 12 Pillars of Competitiveness Institutions Higher education and training Technological readiness Infrastructure Goods market effi ciency Market size Macroeconomic environment
Labor market effi ciency Business sophistication Health and primary education Financial market development Innovation Switzerland Israel 5. 3 Finland 5. 4 5. 8
including companies, academic institutions and individuals. Although some large corporations are strong innovators, small and medium enterprises (SMES) are frequently the source of ideas for products brought to market by large corporations. 4 In Europe,
Entrepreneurship schools and universities Possessing the skills to found and operate a business is an important complement to the attitude of risktaking and perseverance that successful entrepreneurs display.
young people who benefit from entrepreneurial learning develop business knowledge and essential skills and attitudes, including creativity, initiative, tenacity, teamwork, understanding of risk and a sense of responsibility. 18 Cultural/Social framework:
500 companies find graduate talent for entrepreneurial internships. 21 Founders4schools reached 2, 500 students in a pilot programme in 2011-2012;
and by influencing policy. 23 Publicprivate Public-platforms to connect private actors with schools and private universities to set up education programmes,
student projects or events to inspire talent with success stories Junior Achievement Young Enterprise Europe is Europe's largest provider of entrepreneurship education programmes.
It reached 3. 1 million students in 2012.24 IMP rove offers intrapreneurial experiences (that is behaving like an entrepreneur
Over 3, 500 companies in more than 30 countries have used IMP rove. 25 The European Forum for Entrepreneurship Research (EFER) has trained 472 professors in entrepreneurship,
the setting-up and running of student training firms, and teacher training and support. 31 Comprehensive entrepreneurship programmes The Entrepreneurship and Innovation Programme under the European Competitiveness and Innovation Framework Programme (CIP) had a budget of € 2. 17 billion
for the period 2007-2013. Achievements include numerous projects with universities and non-governmental organizations to improve entrepreneurship education,
and the European SME Week with 1, 562 events across and beyond Europe in 2012.
individuals Fund of funds/other asset managers (including PE houses other than fund of funds) Corporate investors Insurance companies Pension funds Banks Capital markets Academic institutions/Endowments and foundations
universities and research organizations Finland is a leading country in innovation cooperation between companies and the research sector.
access to specific customer segments Learning about new application fields, access to new markets and sales network to access the market Unclear
of Finland António Pires de Lima Minister of Economy of Portugal David Willetts Minister of state for Universities and Science of the United kingdom Figure 19:
By 2020 every pupil across Europe should have had an entrepreneurial experience before leaving secondary school. Regulatory red tape should be reduced
poor links between universities and the labour market don't help. We should be giving tax incentives to start-ups.
A result of this is an increase in entrepreneurship courses embedded in the education system from 8%in 2009-2010 to 15%in 2012-2013.
Impact measurements from the foundation show a high, positive view in students'intentions and attitude towards entrepreneurship.
e g. university professors. The improvement of commercialization activities by academic spinoffs or of the situation for seed and early-stage financing for technology-intensive ventures,
e g. for academic spin-offs. 42 Enhancing Europe's Competitiveness David Willetts Minister of state for Universities and Science of the United kingdom The role of innovation-driven entrepreneurship in the economy:
including representatives of schools, civil society, universities, business angels, accelerators, incubators, venture capitalists and corporate intrapreneurs.
Potential to improve collaboration between entrepreneurs, universities, large companies and academic institutions within your country(%)Connect:
Importance of setting up and developing a visible, inclusive network of public and private initiatives designed to support entrepreneurship across Europe(%)59 29 7 2 1 1+89 No opinion Very low potential Very high potential
Fully 80%of project survey participants see significant potential to improve the level and impact of collaboration between entrepreneurs, universities, large companies and academic institutions (Figure 23.
and universities to focus on the skills that entrepreneurs require. 55%said it is very important to provide more opportunities for potential entrepreneurs to obtain practical experience in an innovative business or start-up.
and universities, celebrate peer-level success stories to create awareness, initiate programmes to improve skills,
A key opportunity to create awareness of opportunities exists in entrepreneurship schools and universities. Strengthening this connection has an effect for both the next generation labour force and the education system.
Teachers and professors can be trained as entrepreneurship developers to inspire and encourage potential entrepreneurs to take action.
Entrepreneurship can be shown as the ability to navigate increased complexity, overcome career barriers, and more closely leverage personal strengths.
Starting with local networks between schools, universities and entrepreneurs, this type of intervention could scale up to influence the culture among entire populations.
and universities to focus on the skills that entrepreneurs require, and 46%say they would be willing to provide more opportunities for potential entrepreneurs to obtain practical experience in an innovative business or start-up.
or start-up Tailoring the education curricula in schools and universities to focus on the skills that entrepreneurs require Raising awareness of entrepreneurial success stories
and high school/university professors or students to ensure we progress towards decreasing the gap between education and the marketplace.
Professor of Business Administration, Harvard Graduate school of Business Administration It's time for a fundamental change of thinking in Europe.
How will such skills be generated through formal and lifelong learning, through international exposure, migration and so on?
Here again, the examples of Nordic countries (and especially Finland) show how European education systems can be tuned better to global competition,
From Fortress Firms to Cambrian Corporations Mark Esposito, Associate professor of Business and Economics, Grenoble Graduate school of Business, France,
and Instructor, Harvard university Extension School, USA Olaf Groth, Professor for Global Strategy, Innovation, Management and Economics, HULT International Business school, USA Fostering Innovation-driven
In turn, corporations will invest in co-learning/co-creation environments and competency development for project-focused networks and communities.
and groups stretch towards the next level of learning, competency development and solution design sophistication, with rewards ranging from financial awards to personal development programmes to social recognition
Eurydice (2012), Entrepreneurship Education at School in Europe. Fostering Innovation-driven Entrepreneurship in Europe 57 32. http://ec. europa. eu/cip/eip/.
How to Thrive in the New Innovation Landscape, Harvard Business school Press Cornell University, INSEAD, World Intellectual Property Organization (2013), The Global Innovation Index European commission (2012), Entrepreneurship
Young Global Leader Paul Campbell, Chief executive officer, Start-up Genie, USA Cross-report contributors Olaf Groth, Professor for Global Strategy, Innovation, Management and Economics
, HULT International Business school, USA Mark Esposito, Associate professor of Business and Economics, Grenoble Graduate school of Business, France,
Young Global Leader Calvin Chin, Founder, Transist, People's republic of china Clayton Christensen, Professor of Business Administration, Harvard Graduate school of Business Administration, USA Jim O'connor
for Universities and Science of the United kingdom Karen E. Wilson, Senior Fellow, Bruegel and OECD, Switzerland Björn Woltermann, Vice-president, Emerging Technologies, Deutsche telekom, Germany Werner Wutscher
Global Agenda Council on Fostering Entrepreneurship Virginia Cha, Chief, Research and Innovation, Institute of Systems science, National University of Singapore, Singapore Hongbo Chen, Vice-Dean
, Tuspark Research Institute for Innovation, Tsinghua University, People's republic of china Esther Dyson, Chairman, EDVENTURE Holdings Inc.,USA George Foster, Konosuke Matsushita Professor of Management
and Dhirubhai Ambani Fellow in Entrepreneurship, Stanford Graduate school of Business USA Habib Haddad, Chief executive officer, Wamda, United arab emirates Jian Han, Associate professor of Management;
Co-Director, Centre on China Innovation, China Europe International Business school (CEIBS), People's republic of china Krisztina Z Holly, Adviser, National Advisory Council for Innovation and Entrepreneurship
, USA Daniel Isenberg, Professor of Entrepreneurship Practice, Babson Executive Education, Babson college, USA Guriqbal Singh Jaiya, Director-Adviser, Innovation and Technology Sector, World
Redbus), India Thomas Speechley, Partner, The Abraaj Group, USA John Strackhouse, Senior Partner, Heidrick & Struggles, USA Tan Yinglan, Adjunct Professor, INSEAD
, Singapore Jonathan Teklu, Cofounder and Managing Partner, Springstar Gmbh, Germany Marc Ventresca, Fellow and University Lecturer, Saïd Business school, University of Oxford, United kingdom Global
-General, Directorate-General for Enterprise and Industry, European commission, Brussels Ding Chun, Dean, Centre for European Studies, Fudan University, People's republic of china M. Willem van Eeghen
This report would not have been possible without the thought leadership and commitment of Professor Razeen Sally of the National University of Singapore,
as well as Kevin Stolarick at the Rotman School of management, University of Toronto, Canada, for the three Indian mini case studies. I am very grateful to them for material that has added so much to the final product.
Razeen Sally Chair, Global Agenda Council on Competitiveness Visiting Associate professor, Lee kuan yew School of Public Policy, National University of Singapore,
and is thus more conducive to policy experimentation, all-round learning and adaptation. Cities emulate each other
advanced education and high-level skills much more than those in the middle and lower levels of society. 10 A Report of the Global Agenda Council on Competitiveness Cities are affected by rising inequality and, in some instances,
Governor of Tennessee Bill Haslam has announced recently a plan to make two years at Tennessee community colleges
To keep talented graduates from leaving the city and attract others from around the globe,
education and research (Carnegie mellon University and University of Pittsburgh ranking high in research, and over 70,000 jobs provided by research and development R&d as a whole);
state tax incentives and partnerships with local universities all contribute to the city's success. Already this year,
Despite world-class universities and research labs there is a shortage of highly skilled workers and a skills mismatch with the evolving needs of the private sector.
The founders of Netscape, Paypal and Youtube, who studied at the University of Illinois, all left for California.
Local universities are benchmarking and monitoring progress. Different regions are cooperating instead of competing for investment and talent.
This process has been driven by a strong relationship between universities, industry and government. In 2004, Sergio Fajardo became mayor of the city
Empresas Públicas de Medellín, a public service company, assigned 7. 5%of its total annual earnings to research, development and innovation, closing the virtuous circle with universities,
The area (114 hectares) connects several barrios as well as the University of Antioquia; it encompasses Parque Explora, Planetario, Jardín Botánico and the Innovation and Business Center,
It is home to over 40 universities, including some of the most important in Mexico.
and universities, has been key to the development of urban projects seeking to enrich the experience of the city.
as well as by universities and business organizations. Guadalajara Ciudad Creativa Digital A c.,a public-private organization, was founded to guide,
%In terms of innovation, in R&d, the city's universities have partnered with international companies to work together on important technology areas,
digital classrooms and libraries; and free Wi-fi. Should the ciudad moderna vision become reality, the city will have taken significant steps to increase government transparency
One of these is addressing the ongoing protests among students and others in the country regarding the high cost of,
and inequality in access to education. While this is reportedly an area that Chile's new president, Michelle Bachelet, has high on her agenda,
which cluster around its world-class schools and universities, with the University of Leipzig about ready to celebrate its 600th anniversary.
And tourism also fares well, with an article in The New york times referring to Leipzig as one of the top 10 places to visit.
but the University of Music and Theatre now produces heavy metal and many independent popular music creations.
The city is home to 31 tertiary institutions and 140,000 students, many of whom are enrolled in science, mathematics, information technology (IT) and technology.
and its educational system is considered one of the best in Poland. As a result a number of multinational companies, mainly from the IT sector, established branches in Wroclaw,
After prayers, students would gather around various pillars of the holy mosque as global scholars taught them.
with its new modern university, hold conferences on major issues of the day, with experts in science, math and letters.
which graduates 27,000 students from two public universities, 500 private higher institutes and vocational training centres.
Rapid rural-urban migration seems to overwhelm the ability to provide health education, water, transportation, energy and other services.
and has many universities that perhaps can provide a valuable foundation in building a new innovation environment.
a public code of conduct was released by the Executive council of Dubai in 2009 which aims at setting the standards for social ethics
however, measures such as the code of conduct are being taken to limit this effect. The risk of a real estate bubble remains real.
The focus was on primary and secondary education during the years of catchup growth. Since the late 1990s, focus has also been on expanding higher education and vocational training universities,
polytechnics and institutes of technical education and improving their quality. Several educational institutions have linked up with foreign brands, e g.
National University Hospital-Johns Hopkins Medical Hospital (USA), National University of Singapore-Yale university (USA. INSEAD was the first major foreign brand to set up a separate campus in Singapore.
Singapore has become the education hub of Asia. Liveability improving the quality of life has become a higher priority as Singapore has become richer,
and especially as it has transformed itself into a global city. That means attracting global talent not only with stimulating, high-paying jobs,
Effective secondaryeducation systems and the promise of post-secondary education at one of the state's top public universities (University of michigan, Michigan State university and Wayne State university) are critical components of the city's ability to attract
However, Detroit's public schools have failed successive generations of Detroiters, leaving thousands of individuals fundamentally unprepared for post-secondary education or basic employment training.
Innovative programmes such as the Detroit Scholarship Fund, which provides all Detroit high school graduates a tuition-free community college scholarship,
are giving initial assurance that all Detroit students will receive an opportunity for post-secondary education without financial barriers.
Regional collaboration/new business roles: Detroit's business community has invested heavily in a wide variety of economic development programmes throughout the region for the past 15 years.
That community has delivered now a mandate to practitioners of economic development to rationalize and coordinate their activities along a collaborative model,
The future footprint of the city and the direction of its educational systems present no less daunting medium-and long-term challenges.
and interrelating companies, technological centres, universities, financial institutions and governments for competitiveness, with more than 2, 000 leaders working steadily around a dozen clusters in the process Internationalize its economy:
making it easier for students and researchers in their movement abroad, as well as attracting talent to the Basque Country to reinforce the transformation agenda a new worldwide network was developed Modernize and reinvent public administration:
The developed strategic main lines can be summarized in an extensive digitalization and technological literacy of universal access:
Integrating Technology for Active Lifelong Learning (IT4ALL; PCS at school; Spritel for internet access in public space;
manufacturing and business, going into healthcare (companies, industries, the educational system, services, government). E-government CORAME: Rationalization and modernization of public administrations at all levels, trying to create an entrepreneurial culture and attitude in all public servants and the government's actions.
A growing number of NGOS, educational institutions and private-sector organizations are emerging as enablers of public participation and drivers of positive change.
49.3%owned a computer. 4. Strategic soft connectivity In 2013, Nuevo León had 91 universities, some of them ranking among the best in Mexico.
Tecnológico de Monterrey is one of the most prestigious universities in Latin america, ranking 279th in the QS WORLD UNIVERSITY RANKINGS 2013 and 7th in the QS University rankings:
In a national survey, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León and Universidad de Monterrey ranked 5th and 18th, respectively, among 30 universities in Mexico.
The average number of years of schooling in Monterrey is 11, or 2. 4 years higher than the national average of 8. 6 years.
According to the Programme for International Student Assessment's (PISA) 2012 results, basic education in Nuevo León falls in the average range of the other 65 participating countries.
The educational system has a 96%median coverage for basic education 47%for high school and 78%for higher education.
The Mexican Ministry of Public education ranked Nuevo León as the state with the fourth-highest number of students enrolled in graduate and postgraduate programmes in the academic year 2012-2013.
The state has one of the highest proportions of population with an undergraduate or graduate degree (20%)in the nation.
According to the National System of Researchers, Monterrey ranked 5th in number of researchers in 2012 and 2nd in number of patent applications from 1999-2011.
Public and private academic institutions have become crucial to the city's progress. Its great location near the US border provides a strong comparative advantage.
A strong focus on building high-quality private and public academic institutions has been essential for building the competitiveness stature of the city and the strong competencies and work ethic of its population.
Ningbo has accelerated the development of higher education and has explored diversified modes of higher-education institutions. There are three undergraduate universities, each with more than 10,000 students on campus;
two adult colleges and nine different types of higher vocational colleges, with 80,000 students on campus. Cooperating with the University of Nottingham (United kingdom),
Ningbo co-founded The University of Nottingham Ningbo China, a pioneer for universities in Chinese-foreign cooperation.
Culture With economic development has come a rebirth of cultural activities. As the region that was a birthplace of culture dating back 7, 000 years (the Hemudu site),
a crying need exists for coordinated solutions that bring together the public sector, business, NGOS and universities.
according to Solly Angel at New york University's (NYU) Urban Expansion initiative. It is a great model for new emerging-market cities facing fast-paced urbanization.
The Ultimate Soft Connectivity It is not coincidental that Boston, with the highest density of universities and students in the United states,
Even best-in-class universities cannot carry the burden of city competitiveness alone. Caltech (USA), a science and engineering research and education institution, alone has transformed not Pasadena,
although several engineering companies and at least one innovation incubator call this suburb of Los angeles home.
and connectedness in strongly linking their educational institutions to the wider city and the wider world.
bringing it from a per-capita average of only three years'schooling in the 1960s to its high graduation rates and test scores in recent years.
It emphasized primary and secondary education in previous phases of catch up growth and since the 1990s has concentrated also on tertiary education, with a significant expansion of universities, polytechnics and technical institutes.
Monterrey's historically strong focus on high-quality private and public academic institutions has been essential for its competitiveness.
Santiago, on the other hand, flashes a warning signal: while it may be one of Latin america's most competitive cities,
Paul Romer, Professor of Economics at NYU, is thinking along these lines with his vision of charter cities.
Visiting Associate professor, Lee kuan yew School of Public Policy, National University of Singapore, Singapore Vice-Chairs Clément Gignac, Chief Economist and Senior vice-president, Industrial Alliance Insurance
Affairs of Switzerland Kevin X. Murphy, President and Chief executive officer, J. E. Austin Associates (JAA), USA Arvind Panagariya, Jagdish Bhagwati Professor of Indian Political economy
, School of International and Public Affairs (SIPA), Columbia University, USA Xavier Sala-i-Martin, Professor, Economics department, Columbia University
USA Tong Jiadong, Vice-president, Nankai University, People's republic of china Jose Antonio Torre Medina, Director, Urbanism and Infrastructure, Monterrey Institute of technology and Higher education (ITESM), Mexico The Competitiveness
and currently Director, Urbanism and Infrastructure, Monterrey Institute of technology and Higher education (ITESM), Mexico, in collaboration with Rogelio Cortes and Jorge Tadeo Lozano (both ITESM),
He is a Member of the Global Agenda Council on Competitiveness. 5. This case study was written by Jose Antonio Torre Medina, Rogelio Cortes and Marcia Campos, Adviser for Government and Public Policy and Professor
, EGADE Business school, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Mexico. 6. Centro de Investigación y Docencia Económicas (Economics Research and Teaching Center.
University of Toronto, Canada. 20. The case studies on Changsha, Guilin and Zhuhai were written by Stephanie Heier and associates, with Orlando Ayala. 21.
Visiting Associate professor, Lee kuan yew School of Public Policy, National University of Singapore, and Director, European Centre for International Political economy, Brussels. He is also Chair of the Global Agenda Council on Competitiveness. 24.
and Christyn Lucas, Analyst) and Thomas Gray, Urban Policy Analysis and Management, Graduate student, The New School, USA. 25.
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