while customers, employees, and a new generation of young people are asking business to step up.
and employee retention and capability. The Connection Between Competitive Advantage and Social Issues There are numerous ways in
Society benefits because employees and their families Creating Shared Value-Harvard Business Review Page 5 of 13 http://hbr. org/2011/01/the-big-idea-creating-shared-value
and the firm minimizes employee absences and lost productivity. The graphic below depicts some areas where the connections are strongest.
Employee productivity. The focus on holding down wage levels, reducing benefits, and offshoring is beginning to give way to an awareness of the positive effects that a living wage, safety,
and opportunities for advancement for employees have on productivity. Many companies, for example, traditionally sought to minimize the cost of expensive employee health care coverage
or even eliminate health coverage altogether. Today leading companies have learned that because of lost workdays and diminished employee productivity,
poor health costs them more than health benefits do. Take Johnson & johnson. By helping employees stop smoking (a two-thirds reduction in the past 15 years)
and implementing numerous other wellness programs, the company has saved $250 million on health care costs, a return of $2. 71 for every dollar spent on wellness from Creating Shared Value-Harvard Business Review Page 7 of 13 http://hbr. org/2011/01/the-big-idea
these kinds of employee approaches would spread even faster. Location. Business thinking has embraced the myth that location no longer matters,
Gender or racial discrimination reduces the pool of capable employees. Poverty limits the demand for products and leads to environmental degradation, unhealthy workers,
for example, increase the supply of skilled employees for many other firms as well. At Nespresso, Nestlé also worked to build clusters,
and support employees. Creating shared value will require concrete and tailored metrics for each business unit in each of the three areas.
such as the growing social awareness of employees and citizens and the increased scarcity of natural resources, will drive unprecedented opportunities to create shared value.
and soon their results will be assessed by individual panels of individual experts (annual reviews). There will also be an impact assessment in January 2014,
France P2p FOUNDATION-Amsterdam, The netherlands PNO CONSULTANTS LIMITED-Cheadle Hulme, UK POLIBIENESTAR, UNIVERSITY OF VALENCIA-Valencia, Spain PURPOSE EUROPE-London, UK
resilient societies and economies, deploying ad hoc networks of citizen experts around client's needs. 16.
and experts that come together around the joint commitment of enabling more sustainable lifestyles. 20. GNUNET https://gnunet. org GNUNET is a framework for secure peer-to-peer networking that does not use any centralised or otherwise trusted services. 21.
This will also be refined further as more authors who were not able to contribute to this book sprint will provide their expert views in the future.
Fabrizio Sestini European commission DG CONNECT Senior Expert (Advisor) Digital Social Innovation 4 Growing a Digital Social Innovation Ecosystem for Europe What is it?
and transparency by supporting journalists and other experts to access information and report key stories.
The workshop brought together over 70 DSI practitioners, researchers, experts, and poliy makers from different European countries,
when they were founded, turnover, number of users, size of organisation, employees etc) What they were trying to achieve with their service,
often done in collaboration with external entrepreneurs and internal government policy experts. Engaging citizens and nonprofits to find new ideas These labs focus on opening up government to voices and ideas from outside the system,
Qualitative responses to the idea-interviews or meetings/consultation with key stakeholders, such as domain experts and possible purchasers of the service to establish what social challenges need to be addressed
Sigma Orionis Mayo Fuster Morrell Fellow of the Berkman Centre, Researcher, Institute of Govern and Public Policies (AUB) Gohar Sargsyan Adviser and founding member, OISPG;
Consultant Logica Daniel Kaplan Founder and CEO, The next-Generation Internet Foundation Simona Levi Founder, Forum for the Access to Culture and Knowledge Markkula Markku Committee
We would also like to thank the experts from around Europe who attended our DSI policy workshop in Brussels on February 17th, 2014,
Over the course of this project we have spoken to numerous experts in the Europe and internationally,
and Peter Ramsden, a Regional policy expert and practitioner. It was commissioned by DG Regional and Urban Policy (European commission) under the supervision of Mikel Landabaso,
or where experts arrive at solutions by linear analysis. Social innovation practices tend to be looser,
In the Social Innovation Camp, an inter disciplinary group brings together software designers and experts in social issues.
others are managed by external experts or by local organisations which are themselves the result of local initiatives.
a further 92,000 hours of work for disadvantaged people were produced benefiting 266 employees; 133 enterprises were mobilised through these works
STEP now helps over 6, 000 migrants a year through individual advice on legal, health, employment, housing, social services, immigration and other issues with specialist advisers.
Microenterprises in Europe employ around one-third of private sector employees and produce about 20%of output.
which allows employees to spend 20%of their time on their own projects, and IKEA which practices stand-up round-table meetings among other innovative practices allowing employees to tackle problems as they arise with minimum management interference.
The ERDF's business support measures can be used to finance such innovations helping both management
and employees to explore more productive ways of working. Results based entrepreneurship in The netherlands Implementation stage Results Based Entrepreneurship (RBE) aims at stimulating technological and social innovation within SMES.
Firms can use these vouchers to hire an expert to help them implement the method.
000 people were involved in consultations which included surveys of citizens, interviews with experts, consultation committees and talks with organisations such as trade unions and business representatives.
, knowledge and thoughts of Agnès Hubert, Maria da Graça Carvalho and Pierre Goudin of the Bureau of European Policy Advisers
94 3. 1. 4. 1. Expert groups and networks...95 6 S O C i a L I N N O V A t I O N A d E C a D E O F
104 3. 1. 5. 7. Employee financial participation...104 3. 2. Financing capacities and facilities...
E w P A t H 9 In 2009, the Bureau of European Policy Advisers (BEPA) organised a workshop5 with experts, civil society organisations, policymakers and social innovators.
and yy the development of a network or group of experts to act as a reference point for dissemination
A n E w P A t H 29 the debate amongst national and local experts, civil society organisations63 and the European institutions.
Lately, the Group of European Experts (GECES) has contributed to the discussion about the different approaches to social impact measurement,
tested widely and discussed with a number of key experts in relevant areas. The EPSIS shows that all EU Member States consider public sector innovation to be a national requirement and a means by
towards a new architecture Under the responsibility of the Commissioner for Research and Innovation, a group of twelve experts was asked to analyse the role of the public sector,
and Innovation from experts in the field73 has produced a systematic overview of research findings from 17 European projects in the area of social innovation.
Microenterprises in Europe employ around one-third of private sector employees and produce about 20%of output.
a further 92 000 hours of work for disadvantaged people were produced benefiting266 employees; 133 enterprises were mobilised through these works;
which allows employees to spend 20%of their time on their own projects, and IKEA, which practises stand-up round-table meetings among other innovative practices allowing employees to tackle problems as they arise with minimum management interference.
In The netherlands and Belgium, workplace innovation is called‘Social Innovation 'and has been supported for over a decade by the Structural Funds.
and employees to explore more productive ways of working. A Social Innovation Park in the Basque country Denokinn brings together social enterprises,
Advisers work with management and staff combining strategic advice with social innovation (improving communication, raising personnel involvement, etc.
Firms can use these vouchers to hire an expert to help them implement the method.
and experts to implement a set of concrete and tangible actions stemming from the declaration. 1. 3. The environment
made in a 2011 report by the European Expert Network on Culture, of one form of social innovation crowdfunding looking at related concepts of social payments, social money and social banking.
In July 2013 the Bureau of European Policy Advisers held a high-level seminar on public sector innovation attended by the President of the European commission (cf. part I,
At the end of 2013, the Expert Group on Public sector Innovation delivered the report Powering European Public sector Innovation:
and legitimacy. 3. 1. 4. 1. Expert groups and networks The European commission's expert group on social innovation (GECES-Groupe d'Experts de la Commission
It is composed of 44 rigorously selected experts from various European stakeholders and representatives from all the Member States and EU Institutions, plus observers from other European countries.
and teaming-up of public and private sector experts, organisations and resources. d. The European Innovation Partnership on Raw materials The supply of raw materials,
and, the minimum required percentage of disabled or disadvantaged employees is reduced from 50%to 30%.
and extends the list of costs that are eligible for aid for compensating the additional costs of employing workers with disabilities. 3. 1. 5. 7. Employee financial participation Employee financial participation (EFP) can be defined as the participation
of employees either through profit sharing or employee share ownership (ESO). Extensive research confirms that companies partly
or entirely owned by their employees are more profitable, create more jobs and pay more taxes than competitors without EFP.
ESO in particular strengthens the corporate governance framework and positively impacts on employee motivation and retention.
Furthermore, since employees are long-term shareholders, broadening employee shareholding would also stabilise capital markets. ESO is of particular importance for SMES (financing and business succession.
Despite their positive effects, as acknowledged in numerous EU reports, opinions and recommendations, ESO schemes are used only extensively in a handful of Member States (such as the UK and France).
I O N A d E C a D E O F C H A n G E s The jury was composed of experts in social innovation from various countries and backgrounds,
In 2013,16 finalists out of 224 candidates in 24 countries were selected by EIB experts. To help the finalists develop their ideas and presentational skills,
where experts offered practical advice aimed at improving many aspects of each project. All projects compete for a General Category 1st
and involving employees and managers at all levels. Those innovations aim at improving staff motivation and working conditions, thereby enhancing labour productivity, organisational performance, innovation capability,
or peer learning among experts from different Member States. Youth work and non-formal learning play an important role in social innovation, particularly by offering alternative ways of learning and through practices that tackle inclusion problems such as youth employment or early
as well as a European event bringing citizens, experts and decision-makers into dialogue with each other. The national panels enabled citizens to discuss the use of participatory democracy methods on a European scale.
and then submitted for approval by the citizens who took part in the national panels before being discussed by an international expert panel at an international conference.
employees and policymakers to suggest research agendas in a certain field, the Social science and Humanities programme (SSH) has continued to support research on social innovation with new projects.
The guidelines, the models and the system will be the result of an orchestrated cross disciplinary effort of European experts based on participatory design approach in diverse and complementary fields (art and design, computer
we gathered 60 foresight experts from Europe and beyond in a participatory workshop to co-create visions of the future of Europe as transformed by digital technology by 2050.
With this emphasis on the individual has come an interest in their experience as well as in formal outcomes, in subjective feedback as well as the quantitative metrics of the late 20th century state and economy (hence the rise of innovations like the Expert Patients programmes, or Patient Opinion.
involving users at every stage as well as experts, bureaucrats and professionals; designing platforms which make it easy to assemble project teams or virtual organisations.
She decided to shake the hands of every one of the 8, 500 employees of the Department, across 59 districts,
Each year, up to four internationally renowned experts spend between two and six months helping the government to identify problems
and thus constantly decrease costs. 3 44) Quality circles are a group of employees who volunteer to meet up to identify,
and the idea that‘the expert knows best'.'Many of these methods have been helped greatly by the ability of the internet to draw in a far wider range of people
Visits from external experts can be an aid to training and formation or, as in the case of SEKEM, they can keep an organisation open to new ideas and models.
as well as see the work of the employees and staff. It is always a useful exercise for a venture 4 76 THE OPEN BOOK OF SOCIAL INNOVATION to consider how it could best present its work
and how innovations can be diffused among service providers through experts, intermediaries, and collaboration. However, we argue that the design of services should start from the user,
One new initiative by Open Business is the creation of a database of open business models. 199) Barefoot consultants.
There is an important role for consultants and those with specialist knowledge who can act as knowledge brokers and advisers in the new systems.
It is best if they seek to diffuse information, acting as educators, rather than protecting their knowledge through intellectual property
The Expert Patients Programme (NHS/EPP) is an example of this trend, where citizens with particular medical conditions provide advice and training sessions to others with similar conditions.
experts, and local citizens. Together they formulated and implemented a series of community-based interventions intended to prevent the incidence of cardiovascular disease.
and academic journals which sit alongside consultants adept at looking at companies'IP, or their R&d pipelines, spotting patterns
or replicated. 277) Innovation champions are individual consultants who produce ideas, network to find what else is being tried,
when you One of the São Paolo Hub members Taís Carolina Lucílio da Silva Sales Consultant for companies that develop eco products and designer of a line of eco-clothing.
all of them leaders and experts in their respective fields. 138 THE OPEN BOOK OF SOCIAL INNOVATION Innovation platforms There are different types and forms of platforms, but in the main,
including civil servants from the Regions, politicians, experts, and citizens. Participants raise their own questions, and by the end of the day, are expected to produce visualized scenarios and proposals.
or freeing up time for public sector workers to volunteer for socially innovative projects. 394) Secondments of public sector employees into‘skunk works',innovation teams,
The Neighbourhood Renewal advisers in the UK are one example. 1 166 THE OPEN BOOK OF SOCIAL INNOVATION Inside-outside collaboration An important area of public sector innovation has been to encourage collaboration
000 volunteers contribute to the UK NHS. 401) Secondments of public sector employees to community organisations and private enterprises,
how open-source democracy can make government decision-making more expert and more democratic.‘‘Democracy Journal.''No. 7, Winter 2008.1 SUPPORT IN THE GRANT ECONOMY 167 2 SUPPORT IN THE GRANT ECONOMY Civil society and the grant economy are the most common sites of social innovation in campaigns
Image courtesy of Mike Russell. 4 SUPPORT IN THE INFORMAL OR HOUSEHOLD ECONOMY 205 517) Users as producers such as the Expert Patients Programme,
117 Expert Patients Programme 116 Extremes 36 Fabian society 48 Facebook 75; 138; 207 Fair Trade 119;
what became the Expert Patients Programme in the U k. National Health Service); similarly the open-source methods have taken models from academia
Co-designing DSI policies We have been experimenting participatory methodology to engage practicioners, experts and policy makers in the generation of DSI policy policy ideas, issuse and future scenarios.
The workshop brought together over 70 DSI practitioners, experts, and policy makers from different European countries. As main outcome of the workshop, were identified
culminating with our final DSI event with more than 400 DSI policy makers, experts and practitioners in Brussels, December 16, 2014.
crowdmapping actors and networks'with presentations and panel discussion from European DSI experts. The primary focus of the session was to engage the DSI community in kicking off the DSI research
experts and practitioners from across Europe to discuss and develop policy ideas for supporting digital social innovation.
The summit brought together 198 experts (157 domestic and 41 international) in order to generate policy proposals to boost the productive exchange matrix in Ecuador.
private and public sectors and high-tech experts in Northern ireland can capitalise on the potential for digital technology for social good.
do enough R&d internally to recognize external significant R&d Advantages First movers advantage Having better business models is more important than being a first mover Employees Professional employees inside the company Working with professional within inside
and designated experts (technocrats) Knowledge and information from inside and outside the organizational boundaries of governments Decision making principle Rationale and based on traditional information sources Behavioural, design-led
and 6) competition platforms (that are becoming more popular to source experts and expertise in different areas.
The workshop brought together over 70 DSI practitioners, researchers, experts, and policy makers from different European countries,
when they were founded, turnover, number of users, size of organisation, employees etc) What they were trying to achieve with their service,
issues To summarise the preliminary themes that have emerged from the community of experts and practitioners of DSI, there are a number of perceived future Internet threats (such as concentration of power and surveillance),
The decline in EU labour productivity growth rates in the mid-990s was attributed equally to a lower investment per employee and to a slowdown in the rate of technological progress (Kok, 2004.
or institution takes a job traditionally performed by a designated agent (usually an employee) and outsources it to an undefined, generally large group of people in the form of an open call over the Internet.
and imposed by experts mediating on behalf of the users. The formal languages used have a high expressive power
but due to their complexity the codification requires mediation by experts. As a consequence, due to the scarcity of human resources, very limited aspects of the‘real world'have been described.
in contrast to the approach of establishing formal ontologies by domain experts. Loose associations of concepts and a greater flexibility and adaptability in organising information links are based on a minimum level of shared meaning that allows the emergence of cooperation among users.
but less relevant to this discussion. 27) The acronym FLOSS stands For free/Libre/Open-source Software 28) An‘epistemic community'is a network of knowledge-based experts or groups with an authoritative claim to policy
Doing Business 2015 Spain 16 STARTING A BUSINESS Formal registration of companies has many immediate benefits for the companies and for business owners and employees.
And their employees can benefit from protections provided by the law. An additional benefit comes with limited liability companies.
Has between 10 and 50 employees. Conducts general commercial or industrial activities. WHAT THE STARTING A BUSINESS INDICATORS MEASURE Procedures to legally start
Has 60 builders and other employees. The warehouse: Is valued at 50 times income per capita. Is a new construction (there was no previous construction on the land.
The indicators reported here for Spain are based on a set of specific procedures the steps that a company must complete to legally build a warehouse identified by Doing Business through information collected from experts in construction licensing,
Have 50 employees each, all of whom are nationals. The property (fully owned by the seller:
and firms listed in credit registry as percentage of adult population Has up to 50 employees.
(i e. before tax claims and employee claims) when a debtor defaults outside an insolvency procedure?
(i e. before tax claims and employee claims) when a business is liquidated? Yes are secured creditors subject to an automatic stay on enforcement
amount Employee paid-Social security contributions 0 paid jointly 6. 35%gross salaries 0 withheld Value added tax (VAT) 1 online filing 44
The case study assumes that the court hears an expert on the quality of the goods in dispute.
*Court appointment of independent expert: Judge appoints, either at the parties'request or at his own initiative, an independent expert to decide
whether the quality of the goods Plaintiff delivered to Defendant is adequate. see assumption 5-b 17 Notification of court-appointment of independent expert:
The court notifies both parties that the court is appointing an independent expert (see assumption 5-b).*Delivery of expert report by court-appointed expert:
The independent expert, appointed by the court, delivers his or her expert report to the court (see assumption 5-b). 18 Pretrial conference on procedure:
The judge meets with the parties to discuss procedural issues (for example which applications and motions parties intend to file,
Witnesses and a court-appointed independent expert may be heard and questioned at the oral hearing. 23 Adjournments:
The court or court-appointed valuation expert evaluates the attached goods. 38 Call for public auction:
Also new is that Doing Business collects data on regulations applying to employees hired through temporary-work agencies as well as on those applying to permanent employees
or employees hired on fixed-term contracts. The indicators also cover additional areas of labor market regulation
employee termination, weekend work, holiday with pay, night work, protection against unemployment and medical care and sickness benefits.
Between 2009 and 2011 the World bank Group worked with a consultative group including labor lawyers, employer and employee representatives,
and experts from the ILO, the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), civil society and the private sector to review the methodology for the labor market regulation indicators
or a grocery store Is a full-time employee Is not a member of the labor union, unless membership is mandatory The business:
Is a limited liability company (or the equivalent in the economy) with 60 employees. Operates a supermarket or grocery store in the economy's largest business city.
whether employers are required legally to provide health insurance for employees with permanent contracts. Doing Business also assesses the mechanisms available to resolve labor disputes.
Yes Health insurance existing for permanent employees? Yes Availability of courts or court sections specializing in labor disputes?
Morrell Fellow of the Berkman Centre, Researcher, Institute of Govern and Public Policies (AUB) Gohar Sargsyan Adviser and founding member, OISPG;
Consultant Logicadaniel Kaplan Founder and CEO, The next-Generation Internet Foundationsimona Levi Founder, Forum for the Access to Culture and Knowledgemarkkula Markku Committee of the Regions, Rapporteur Europe
Secondary sources were used to understand the position and significance of the organisations whilst other key players, such as DSI experts,
A number of informal interactions were conducted with the entrepreneurs/practice leads, their employees, and relevant DSI communities.
and transparency by supporting journalists and other experts to access information and report key stories.
and number of employees. New clustering and categories will then emerge from the empirical data.
and share it in a peer-to-peer manner rather than via a top-down hierarchy controlled by experts or some other appointed group.
A commission of independent experts involving both grassroots activists and government employees gathered from across the city,
each with a track-record of success in their particular neighbourhoods, would be more effective than so-called independent private contractor in determining how to best unify a website that can provide access to information about public resources in the city.
This commission of experts should not simply solidify their position as experts in creating websites,
so that the public service workers in London can maintain their own website without again gathering all the experts from the various boroughs
This will be conducted using interviews with experts, which identify the main failures and shortcomings. These shortcomings will be matched with the design methodology
and who hire the founders as consultants. What were the main barriers to innovate? Many questioned if it would be possible to forge a sustainable business model considering the entire basis for Arduino relies upon open source technologies (in fact,
This global organisation is run by a small, highly-skilled online team of 11-50 employees,
Good results in terms of applications that solve problems need the input of domain experts. Generic coding skills lead to beautiful visualisations, not more.
A lot of effort is spent is connecting data owners, technicians and domain experts. This pays off in the end.
but by supporting independent miners and manufacturers who guarantee basic standards to their employees. On November 13 2013 Fairphone announced that it had sold the first batch of 25,000 smartphones,
out of its 227 employees there are virtually no managers, and staff are given a great degree of autonomy in choosing the types of projects they wish to work on;
and innovation are contingent upon employees investing themselves in the projects they commit themselves to.
The code for the informational part of Healthcare. gov the frontend of the site was written by a Washington, D c. startup (Development Seed) and a small team of consultants.
and private businesses and corporations who want to engage their employees in making strategic decisions. At its simplest the process of using Liquid Feedback can be described as follows.
or meet the experts of the City of Vienna, as well as an online forum. In 2012 two participation projects based around ideas of‘collaborative democracy'took place:
Schwedenplatz (where citizens came together with experts as part of a design competition organised by the City of Vienna to draft a mission statement to regenerate the Schwedenplatz area.
and active comments have been asked for from countless experts and copyright organisations. A number of factors surrounding copyright law in Finland demonstrate how it is an example of an initiative likely to gather the critical mass necessary for it to be voted on in parliament.
Having been reviewed by these volunteer experts the Open Ministry's law proposals are more compatible
and to provide collaboration tools that enable citizens to develop their ideas into actual law proposals with the help of volunteer experts.
just as volunteers make up a body of relevant experts who can offer consultative campaign and legal advice to transform potentially good ideas into viable proposals to be debated on in parliament.
and collaborate in partnership with voluntary legal and campaign experts. The Open Ministry also encourages users to sign
Almost all employees of Peerby own a piece of the company through stock options and through these have a direct stake in its successes and failures,
Later on Ray Ozzie a data expert based in Boston joined the conversation when the question of how to release
Overtext Web Module V3.0 Alpha
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