Joint Statement on Education and Training in the Information Economy. Retrieved February, 2008 from: http://www. mceetya. edu. au/pdf/infoeconomy2005. pdf Mcgill,
and with economy. Our studies evaluate the value for money of public spending nationally and locally.
This will enable engagement with stakeholders regarding risk cost, prioritisation and funding. 1 ttp://www. nhsbsa. nhsh. uk/Prescriptionservices/809. aspx 2 The Mcdonnell douglas hardware
and prescribing related data to NHS stakeholders and the general public. For example the Electronic Prescribing
and prescribing related data to NHS stakeholders and the general public (see paragraph 2. 3). 12 Part Two NHS Prescription Services:
Amounts have been adjusted for inflation using the retail prices index. Source: NAO analysis of Authority data 3. 10 The business case envisaged that a further 1. 13 pence (27 per cent of the actual 2011-12 cost) per prescription line item could be saved by the adoption
It is likely that other projects will continue to take precedence without effective engagement with stakeholders such as the Department of health,
which to engage stakeholders and customers. 5. 5 The best potential for accuracy and efficiency improvement appears to rest with the Electronic Prescriptions Service (EPS),
which makes it difficult to build a robust case that can be used to engage with stakeholders
and contract management staff, technical stakeholders and representatives from suppliers Document review of ICT and contracting strategies, reviews of the ICT estate,
A workshop of key stakeholders where they self-assessed and scored themselves against the components of the framework Semi structured interviews with corporate service leaders, senior technical staff,
risk registers and service impacting incidents A'wash up'workshop where the results of National Audit Office fieldwork findings were played back to senior stakeholders
Key stakeholders have clear visibility of the level of risk exposure. Implementation Lifecycle management The system is readily adaptable to changing business needs
ICT, E-BUSINESS AND SMES ORGANISATION FOR ECONOMIC CO-OPERATION AND DEVELOPMENT 2 FOREWORD This report was undertaken by the Working Party on the Information Economy (WPIE),
These messages and recommendations provide material from which governments may draw in promoting innovative SMES in the global economy.
It accelerates the contribution of ICTS to economic growth, facilitates innovation, and promotes efficiency, network effects and positive externalities.
Strengthened cross-border co-operation between all stakeholders is necessary to reach these goals. Of particular relevance for small firms are lowcost on-line dispute resolution mechanisms among firms
and between firms and consumers. 2 Digital products and information services These are an increasingly significant part of economic activity
Strengthen cross-border co-operation between stakeholders and the development of rules with cross-border application.
and economies have moved from concentrating on ereadiness and connectivity, to diffusion and use, and are moving towards mature e-business strategies
or lagging countries) and sectoral distribution of economic activity, as well as size factors. 9 I. BENEFITS AND USE BY SMALL BUSINESSES SMES3 have recognised gradually the positive impact that ICTS, such as computer terminals,
it still accounts for a relatively small proportion of economic activity for firms of all sizes.
1. 2%in the United states. Shares for SMES are probably lower than these shares for the whole economy (see OECD 2002b and 2002c).
The existence of local ICT services is an important issue, especially for small offices in remote areas or emerging economies,
especially in the emerging economies (Box 4). Most OECD countries have a similar number of fixed telecommunication access lines,
OECD, Telecommunications Database, June 2002.26 Box 4. Network infrastructure in developing economies For most developing economies the highest priority is to put in place the network infrastructure and a competitive environment
From the SME point of view, ADR advantages include speed, economy, flexibility and neutrality. It is also more effective for smaller cross-border transactions
for example the E-business Guide developed by Australia's National Office of the Information Economy is a comprehensive on-line resource that is aimed at business people who want a quick and easy explanation of e-business;
Austria Let's e-Biz The on-line information source established by the Ministry of Economics and the Chamber of commerce covers all aspects of e-business.
and economies have moved from concentrating on ereadiness, connectivity and awareness, to diffusion and use, and are moving towards mature e-business strategies
or lagging countries) and sectoral distribution of economic activity, as well as size factors. 44 REFERENCES Baldwin, J. R. and D. Sabourin (2002), Impact of the Adoption of Advanced ICTS on Firm Performance in the Canadian Manufacturing Sector, STI Working papers 2002/1, OECD, Paris (available
Ernst & young (commissioned by the National Office for the Information Economy (NOIE) of Australia)( 2001), Advancing with E-commerce,(available at http://www. noie. gov. au.
of Industrial Economics, December, pp. 417-440. Heartland Information Research, Inc (2001), E-commerce's Impact on the Travel agency Industry, research submitted to Office of Advocacy, U s. Small Business Administration, October. 45 Iskandar, B. Y
Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry of Japan (METI)( 2001), White paper on Small and Medium Enterprises in Japan, SME Agency of Japan (available at http://www. chusho. meti
The Developing Economics, March, pp. 67-100. OECD (2001a), Science, Technology and Industry Outlook: Drivers of Growth:
Summary, DSTI/ICCP/IE (2002) 5/FINAL, OECD, Paris. OECD (2002b), Information technology Outlook 2002, OECD, Paris. OECD (2002c), Measuring the Information Economy
Brand Still Matters, The Journal of Industrial Economics, December, pp. 541-558. Statistics Canada (2001), The 2000 Survey of Electronic commerce and Technology.
6 2. 1 Description of e-commerce in the economy...6 2. 2 The regulatory framework...
as one of the measures which can boost economic growth and drive forward the Internal Market of the 21st century.
This Staff Working Document also draws on other sources of information available e g. studies, participation in conferences, interviews with stakeholders and the deliberations of the expert group on e-commerce etc.
state of play E-commerce and online services are some of the most significant innovations in the economy in recent decades
and many other pieces of subsequent EU legislation. 2. 1 Description of e-commerce in the economy Online services play an increasingly important role in the everyday life of EU citizens.
Electronic commerce continues to grow substantially, even in the current economic crisis. It plays an important role in B2b exchanges as 27%of European enterprises purchase online and 13%sell online.
From a wider perspective, the internet economy has generated 21%of the GDP growth of the last 5 years22
http://www. bcg. com/documents/file84709. pdf 24 How the Internet is transforming the economy, a series of studies by the Boston Consulting Group commissioned by Google, 2010-2011;
http://www. economie. gouv. fr/files/rapport-mckinsey-company. pdf 8 in France since 2000.25 Overall, the Internet economy creates 2. 6 jobs for every
Many other stakeholders took the opposite view and identified the present copyright situation within the EU as a major barrier to the availability of content beyond the national borders
using the new NACE Rev. 2 classification on economic activities. However, it is not possible to directly measure the share of employment, GDP,
Additional data are necessary to measure the progress of online services in the European economy. Some data are available in private research institutes
Private stakeholders can submit comments thereby assisting the Commission and national authorities in identifying possible trade barriers at an early stage.
Stakeholders, by means of the public consultation on e-commerce, indicated that these provisions are essential for the provision of intermediary activities.
"This stakeholder further stated that in the absence of liability exceptions, offering a video-sharing site would probably be too great a commercial risk.
Moreover, the responses to the public consultation on e-commerce indicated that a wide variety of stakeholders face a high degree of regulatory uncertainty about the application of the intermediary liability regime of the ECOMMERCE Directive.
Each review will describe the main obstacles that have been raised by stakeholders, the interpretation of the Directive by national judges and the state of EU law.
but also by some ISPS and other stakeholders. The underlying argument is twofold: On the one hand, it is argued that it would not be legitimate
"Stakeholders sometimes defend a differentiated approach on the basis that the means by which actual knowledge can be obtained depends on the kind of illegal activity or information.
Some stakeholders who defend the first interpretation (actual knowledge can only be obtained through a court order) make an exception for child pornography or manifestly racist content.
"A wide variety of stakeholders expressed concerns that ISPS would be reluctant to take voluntary measures to prevent illegality as this could make it more difficult to claim an absence of actual knowledge.
117 Some stakeholders, in particular intermediaries, therefore suggested that the Commission should propose a so-called"Good samaritan clause".
Some stakeholders expressed fear that defining"expeditious"could increase pressure on ISPS to take down content on notice even before correctly assessing the alleged illegality of the information.
Some stakeholders (and national judgments) consider that the extent to which information or activity is manifestly illegal seems to be essential.
according to some stakeholders, be interpreted as selecting or modifying. Recital 43 of the Directive provides in this regard that the requirement of not modifying information"does not cover manipulations of a technical nature
PDF 125 Communication from the Commission to the European parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions, A Single Market for Intellectual Property Rightsboosting creativity and innovation to provide economic growth
however, that most NTD procedures are not based on agreements between stakeholders, but result from the unilateral policy of individual companies.
In the responses to the public consultation, some stakeholders, in particular civil rights organisations, complained about a lack of transparency and democratic oversight with the policies of individual companies.
Some stakeholders are worried that intermediaries are in a position, for the sake of simplicity and to avoid liability claims,
The french Law on the performance of internal security also puts in place a mechanism for blocking child pornography. 3. 4. 4. 3 Persisting issues According to a majority of stakeholders that responded to the public consultation,
Certain stakeholders also consider it socially undesirable that the takedown of manifestly illegal information (for instance child pornography) is sometimes less fast than the takedown of illegal information where there is a financial gain involved in the takedown (for instance phishing websites.
"Many stakeholders consider it important that the provider of allegedly illegal information should be given the opportunity to submit a counter-notice
Moreover, as indicated by stakeholders, offering the possibility of submitting a counter notice is perhaps not appropriate in the context of manifestly illegal information.
Some stakeholders consider that intermediaries should not be held liable for taking down"illegal"information if it turns out that the information was provided not illegal
on the Economics of Information security (WEIS 2008), June 25 28 2008; available at: http://www. cl. cam. ac. uk/rnc1/takedown. pdf 46 Many stakeholders consider that the legitimacy of private operators deciding on the takedown of content without the intervention of a court depends on the extent to
which the alleged illegal information is manifestly illegal (see Chapter 3. 4. 3. 1). For instance,
many stakeholders do not consider that the intervention of a court is required to takedown manifest child pornography.
Other stakeholders, in particular intermediaries, also favour a focus on prevention, but in the form of offering attractive, accessible and legal services on the Internet.
Stakeholders to be consulted include Member States, internet intermediaries, right holders, child protection organisations, civil rights organisations and citizens in general.
For this reason, the public consultation on e-commerce consulted stakeholders on the effectiveness and efficiency of filtering techniques ten years after the 142 BGH,
A wide variety of stakeholders mentioned several disadvantages of filtering techniques and confirmed that Article 15 is still relevant today.
A variety of stakeholders raised concerns about significant traffic speed reductions as a result of certain filtering techniques.
Second, stakeholders also expressed concerns about the costs associated with filtering techniques. ISPS tend to argue that implementing filtering techniques would be a significant financial burden.
a variety of stakeholders raised concerns about tensions between the protection of fundamental rights and filtering techniques.
the Commission announced in the Digital Agenda for Europe (2010) its intention to create a stakeholder platform by 2012 for EU online trustmarks,
stakeholders and experts to carefully analyse the implementation process for setting up the EU trustmark scheme. 149
and benefits of (different models) for setting up an EU online trustmark stakeholder platform. 4. 1. 2 Personal data protection 4. 1. 2. 1 Personal data protection
The use and exchange of personal data have become essential factors in the online economy. 150 Professional players are aggregating massive amounts of data for professional use,
and respective stakeholders and analyse the steps required to improve E-commerce, enhance consumer confidence and develop a European Trustmark.
almost 80%of online service providers interviewed are collecting data from cookies. 161 Business representatives indicated in the public consultation that today's internet economy
Boosting creativity and innovation to provide economic growth high quality jobs and first class products and services in Europe, COM (2011) 287 final, 24.05.2011, available at:
M. Antonio VITORINO, tasked with resolving differences amongst relevant stakeholders and finding workable solutions to resolve outstanding issues that should lay the ground for comprehensive legislative action at EU level by 2012.
Commissioner for Justice and Home affairs, was appointed to take up the mission of mediator to lead the process of stakeholder dialogue on private copying levies.
Mr. Vitorino's task will be to moderate stakeholder discussions with the objective of exploring possible approaches to harmonisation of both the methodology used to impose levies and the systems of administration of levies.
involving the stakeholders most concerned by this phenomenon (right holders and internet platforms). In this context, a Memorandum of Understanding was signed by major internet platforms and right holders on 4 may 2011.203 Over the coming twelve months,
these stakeholders will review and measure progress under the auspices of the Commission services. The Commission is also working on a review of the IPR Enforcement Directive 2004/48/EC,
Stakeholders in the responses to the public consultation on the future of electronic commerce in the Internal Market and the implementation of the ECD also raised the issue of the provision of online press services being hampered allegedly by conditions set by certain"application platforms".
language=en), the ECJ 78 stakeholders responding to the public consultations expressed their concerns about manufacturers imposing"brick
A large majority of stakeholders confirmed the need for regulatory measures regarding the mutual recognition and acceptance of e-identification and authentication throughout the EU. In 2012,
defined priorities for their resolution and proposed a set of concrete future actions for all stakeholders involved.
In turn, the Commission established a European Multi-Stakeholder Forum on e-invoicing to identify common hurdles
The evolution of the European Postal market since 1997 252 Copenhagen Economics, Main developments in the postal sector 2008-2010,29. 11.2010, pp. 85-91;
and should include all stakeholders involved (e g. delivery operators; eretailers; customers; other stakeholders. With regard to the complaints procedures in case of lost items, theft and delay, it becomes imperative that Article 19 of the Postal services Directive
and the user's possibility to complain to the postal service provider is implemented efficiently and that adequate protection is ensured at the national level.
and other online services can contribute to a more sustainable economy. Though research is still rather in its infancy,
The USV Annals of Economics and Public Administration Volume 14, Issue 1 (19), 2014 38 OPEN INNOVATION THE GOOD, THE BAD, THE UNCERTAINTIES Phd Student Eliza
Hence The USV Annals of Economics and Public Administration Volume 14, Issue 1 (19), 2014 39 forward, the value creation process has included the network of external sources of new ideas,
The new paradigm focuses on the significant The USV Annals of Economics and Public Administration Volume 14, Issue 1 (19),
The main driver of open innovation is inherently communication between stakeholders. In IBM's recent CEO study, more than three quarters of the 765 CEOS queried cited collaboration
The USV Annals of Economics and Public Administration Volume 14, Issue 1 (19), 2014 41 The diversity of actors that form the open innovation framework is noticeable.
Later on, a firm must carefully maintain its employee relation and The USV Annals of Economics and Public Administration Volume 14, Issue 1 (19),
The rising costs of The USV Annals of Economics and Public Administration Volume 14, Issue 1 (19), 2014 43 technology development, correlated with the shortening product lives
the authors The USV Annals of Economics and Public Administration Volume 14, Issue 1 (19), 2014 44 Figure 3 depicts in further detail the major risk drivers
the authors The USV Annals of Economics and Public Administration Volume 14, Issue 1 (19), 2014 45 The constant changing needs of the customers pose a significant challenge on firm
The USV Annals of Economics and Public Administration Volume 14 Issue 1 (19), 2014 46 CONCLUSIONS AND FURTHER RESEARCH The use of external relationships is interpreted increasingly as a key factor in enhancing the innovation performance of modern enterprises (Lasagni, 2012).
on the background the current globalized economy. While awareness on the barriers and drawbacks of open collaboration projects is decisive,
The USV Annals of Economics and Public Administration Volume 14, Issue 1 (19), 2014 47 14.
Aspects of a theory of value creation and innovation in a global knowledge economy. International Journal of Information management, vol. 30 issue, p. 502-511 18.
including all stakeholders as active players in jointly creating and experimenting in the new ways of doing things
letting all the stakeholders do their best, and play together. Exactly like a good conductor makes the sound of an orchestra.
to be able to focus our limited resources correctly to create a genuine winwin game for all stakeholders.
services and products benefiting all stakeholders. Do we have the courage to seek for disruptions?
, Intelligent Lighting Institute E d. Ouden@tue. nl Erkinheimo Pia DIGILE Finnish Centre for Science and Innovation in the Internet Economy pia. erkinheimo@digile. fi
Holzmann Thomas Strascheg Centre for Entrepreneurship Thomas. Holzmann@sce. de Huuskonen Mikko Lappeenranta University of Technology & the Ministry of Employment and the Economy, Finland Mikko.
engaging all stakeholders and entering into a relatively short rapid prototyping and experimentation phase. All these elements are an integral part of the Open Innovation 2. 0 paradigm.
The new role of universities also leads to new approaches in Intellectual Property (IP) management, interlinking universities to joint actions with other stakeholders and developing new operating modes for academic institutions
enabling new value creation processes involving wider stakeholder communities. Kleibrink and Schmidt are addressing open innovation ecosystems from communities of practice and an innovation lab perspective.
Strong community commitment is evident in the design of the Living Lab and the current operations as the glue between all the Executive Summary 7 stakeholders.
The shift from products to services, from technology for people to societal needs and from products to platforms are all leading to refocusing the needs of the stakeholders in innovation environments.
The shift to a continuous innovation environment and processes increase the interlinkages between all the stakeholders in the quadruple helix innovation process,
Future City is an urban innovation ecosystem where each of the stakeholders has a specific role.
Should we look at shared or trusted economy drivers? Should we focus on disruptions? What is beyond the obvious technology trends;
Challenges of the knowledge economy It is abundantly clear that working in this way in the coming years calls us to action.
There are many ways to engage stakeholders at all levels to participate in and actively contribute to these processes.
It is the key mindset defining the new knowledge economy. There are many ways to create value
and many ways for stakeholders and citizens to contribute, but there are also diverse challenges along the way.
participants co-created a document about using Open Innovation 2. 0 to help achieve a sustainable economy and society,
and engage all the stakeholders of the challenge innovation ecosystem, and supports parallel open, co-creative innovation processes in the real world,
Follow-through takes place at diverse and relevant locations, with direct stakeholder engagement, and orchestrated support from facilitators, coaches and experts on different steps in the innovation process.
and issues like low carbon economy in urban planning, Europe's industrial renaissance and e-health.
and opportunities for realising the strategy with a broad group of local and international stakeholders.
The entrepreneurial discovery process will engage hundreds of stakeholders, allowing their buy in and broadening ownership of the results.
The innovation ecosystems are breaking from the past linear innovation model towards a mash-up process creating positive sparks across the stakeholders and the different disciplines too.
With all the stakeholders involved. Experiments with curiosity are the drivers for new. This requires courage,
and services areas interestingly changes the economies of innovation too. We are approaching a zero marginal cost for innovation.
E g. developing a new app costs almost zero and the trials on the market on platforms are almost free.
Interlinking the zero marginal cost drivers with experimentation clearly indicates the feasibility of wide spectrum prototyping and trials, with the selection and scaling up of those solutions,
Experimenting in nearly zero marginal cost environments with real users, and taking their feedback in a co-creation mode means a safety net for even the craziest ideas.
It drives for new approaches having all the stakeholders involved from the start, and it advocates for searching for the unexpected.
as well as engaging the stakeholders to the process and also by enabling infrastructures. The Digital Agenda for Europe and the Single Digital Market are important tools for the scale up.
with this engagement of all stakeholders, there is a lot better possibility to capture the best ideas,
as the costs to enter to the markets in the Internet economy are marginal. While pre-purchase crowdsourcing has been popular in consumer markets already for years,
Why the many are smarter than the few and how collective wisdom shapes business, Economies, Societies and Nations 2004.13) Barnett C.,The Crowdfunder's Guide to General Solicitation and Title II of the JOBS
and Innovation in the Internet Economy pia. erkinheimo@digile. fi 32 O P E N I N N O V A t I O N y E
Given the multi-disciplinary and cross-industry characteristics of the European programmes, these programmes could be termed‘systemic instruments'2 where the objective is to engage and mobilise a wide range of stakeholders to tackle shared challenges.
The main part of the debate on innovation impact on economic growth centres around technology and infrastructures 12, is failing to appreciate the underlying institutional, capability and learning-related aspects.
and networked forms of collaboration between industrial, government and academic stakeholders on the one hand, and the public sector on the other.
It was realised further that much tighter collaboration between the stakeholders is necessary for achieving the targeted industry level transitions and impact.
Governance structures should involve broader sets of different stakeholders and include complementary macro-level competences e g. foresight, emerging technologies, commercialisation of research results,
The European commission and stakeholder communities are involved also heavily in the implementation of each of the programmes.
which led to the formation of numerous ecosystems consisting of the core partners to the programme and other stakeholders.
As an example, the more established literature on innovation policies and systemic instruments is isolated fairly from emerging literature regarding platform economics and open innovation.
12) Ulku, Hulya (2004),‘R & D, Innovation, and Economic growth: An Empirical Analysis',IMF Working Paper WP/04/185.13) Galli, R. and Teubal M.,(1997),‘Paradigmatic Shifts in National Innovation Systems',Edquist C
universities are playing an everincreasing role in contributing to knowledge-based economies. The Knowledge Economy Index developed by the World bank 5 considers education and innovation factors in measuring national effectiveness in developing knowledge-based economies.
The Global Competitiveness Index (GCI) developed by the World Economic Forum 6 also measures education and innovation factors as fundamental for national competitiveness and economic sophistication.
This results in knowledge flows between universities, companies and external stakeholders; knowledge is becoming a source of competitive advantage This trend positions universities as key partners for industrial companies and places them in the epicentre of regional and national innovation ecosystems;
marketing and communication department to interact with stakeholders and public; alumni relationship office; research office to monitor
Cultural differences between academia and industry Parameter Academia Industry Responsibility Social responsibilities Shareholders responsibilities Research type Basic research Applied research Output New
income leveraging government funds access to facilities case studies source of funding demonstrating impact competitiveness knowledge based economy innovation national growth Examples of successful university
university technologies supported an estimated three million jobs in the economy (1996-2010) and technology transfer contributed to creation of 671 new companies and 591 new products in 2011 alone.
which act as venture capital to spur innovation, entrepreneurship and economic growth. According to the Thomson One database there were 26 university funds established between 1973 and 2010 24.
which is teaching students to explore social science thinking from different perspectives, e g. economics, law, politics,
The researcher as a stakeholder wants protection for his/her creative work and wants credit for scientific career through being acknowledged as the inventor in scientific publications.
The university as a stakeholder has a mission to maintain a high level of research and education,
The interests of businesses as research stakeholders are naturally the use of inventions for commercial innovations.
OTD operates under Harvard university's supervision 5. The starting point of the policy of OTD is that all stakeholders, the university,
The‘mother company'KI Holdings takes care of economy and administration. Within the ownership of KI Holdings AB exist three companies:
is based on sound law and economics foundation, namely, in order to make transactions (sell, licensing, waiving the rights) of IP,
Law and Economics',This initial conclusion looks surprisingly correct from theoretical point of view, considering especially the so-called‘Coase Theorem'regarding the allocation of rights in economic analysis. 27) Wikipedia, Novelty (patent).(
compliant with the quadruple helix innovation mode, was applied gradually within EU projects for involving all stakeholders, especially users and policy-makers, at the earlier stage of R & D and innovation.
& Salmelin 3 consider LLS as a significant example of the open innovation ecosystem where users are engaged in co-creating value together with all project stakeholders.
Governments have to find new ways of organising their activities and structures in support of innovation in the economy and in society at large.
The principles of the design thinking movement and from behavioural economics have driven this latest surge of labs. Design thinking stresses the added value of out-of-the-box thinking 11 driven by interdisciplinary collaboration
Behavioural economics pays attention to ways citizens and consumers can be nudged in the right direction by intentionally targeting unconscious behavioural patterns.
Both strands of thinking are built on the assumption that various different disciplines (economics, psychology, design, etc.
and Employment) and the Odense Municipality are Mindlab's main stakeholders, main customers and provide the largest share of funding.
and public sector stakeholders (3). Proto-typing takes place together with citizens and businesses to create possible solutions.
Especially in the early days of Mindlab this required ongoing explanations to the stakeholders. Solutions developed in innovation labs are meant to facilitate
'Berlin seems to provide a fruitful breeding ground for founding labs, due to the high density of research and development facilities, the dynamic political and economic transformation subsequent to German reunification, a growing creative economy
initiate networking events with (inter) national stakeholders and potential large industry partners for the start-up for a limited time span.
citizens, users, bureaucrats, interest groups, experts, partners, financiers, economic and academic stakeholder and students etc. This diversity facilitates avoiding blind spots in innovation processes.
governments will be equipped better to construct regional advantages for their innovation economies 27. Labs are a tool
Many thanks go also to the‘Projekt Zukunft'of the Berlin Senate Department for Economy, Technology and Research for their financial and content-related support for mapping innovation and creativity labs in Berlin.
Spaces and Events as Interfaces for Innovation and Creativity, Study Commissioned by the Berlin Senate Department for Economics, Technology and Research.
Senate Department for Economics, Technology and Research. 25) Olma, S. 2014), Innovationsökonomien. Strategien zur Erneuerung unternehmerischer Praxis, Wuppertal.
and they become a key part of the knowledge economy.''The Basaksehir Living Lab provides equal opportunity to all who visit,
and other stakeholders who will benefit from the value created. A‘designerly'approach facilitates citizens in participating as experts on their own quality of life.
Who are the users and other stakeholders, what are their needs and when do they experience them?
There is a need to get a deeper understanding of the different stakeholders'needs in relation to good quality of life to enable the definition of meaningful solutions.
Each pilot area has its own dynamics, stakeholders and context. In depth understanding of the specific needs of the stakeholders in the pilot area is needed,
as well as good understanding of the city's policy with its strategic ambitions for the city as a whole.
as shown in Figure 2. External stakeholders included residents, police officers, employers, hotel owners, representatives of citizens, scholars etc.
and these led to a coherent overview of the desired stakeholder needs in relation to the cities'strategic ambition.
The identification of societal needs with all stakeholders in the ENIGMA project 86 O P E N I N N O V A t I O N y E
In the process it is important to engage all stakeholders and listen to their specific needs.
so they address the societal needs for the city above the individual preferences of stakeholders.
and viability of such a solution to the stakeholders before the market takes it up.
The ultimate aim is to offer more value to more stakeholders thereby significantly improving the quality of life in cities through new innovations.
to create a sustainable ecosystem the business models should ensure the integration of the societal and economic interests of the different stakeholders.
In the Green Deals, the Ministry of Economic Affairs in The netherlands is taking concrete steps towards a sustainable economy.
This will bring together more green energy with economic growth, and with projects that pay for themselves. The Green Deal helps to overcome obstacles (such as confusion about licences,
In the new generation, knowledge institutes, citizens and other stakeholders are involved intensively in research and education with the aim of co-creating meaningful solutions.
So the only way to create a solution that fulfils the (often unarticulated) needs of the stakeholders is to jointly embark on a co-creation process to explore possible solution spaces.
and other stakeholders who benefit from its value. A‘designerly'approach facilitates citizens in participating as experts on their own quality of life.
With more stakeholder involvement, multiple leaders will be nurtured and, hopefully, a self-organising system will be established to sustain the transformation.
because the formation of free global economy and the convenience of the Internet have blurred the boundary of national borders.
and even the stability of the region's economy (Unesco, 2009 14). In other words, citizens as well as the city government join together in their efforts to make Kanazawa a better known creative city.
and other stakeholders all join their efforts to sustain Lyon as a city of media arts for everybody's benefit.
As a result, economic stakeholders, local authorities or public utilities, artists and designers all contribute to the development of these tools
Urban Competitiveness in the Knowledge Economy, Intereconomics, 38 (5), 260-269.3) 2thinknow Global innovation Agency, 2011, Innovation cities top 100 Index 2011
'The role of each stakeholder engaged in this ecosystem is crucial. Each participant in this ecosystem can be a change agent.
in order to secure the maximum economic and social impact for all the stakeholders involved. Collaborative skills, shares ideas, values and processes, open data need to be in place to make the collaboration efficient,
A smart city as a system of a system Most cities can agree that there is real value in having a smart economy, smart environmental practices, smart governance, smart living, smart mobility and smart people.
combining social and economic values using enablers, such as ICT. Technology is an enabler among a series of other enablers
and shared economies will result in full happiness for all parties involved. Getting citizens involved in planning
The dilemmas covered are in the field of innovation management, OI2. 0 inspirations, sharing values, economics and use of technology.
It often involves partnering with start-ups and other stakeholders, but not focusing on the innovation capacity from outside alone.
Sharing economy or trusted economy? Last year, we read a lot about new business models. Parties like Airbnb 7 and Peerby 8 are new, sexy and idealistic.
Adopt the collaborative economy value chain, Collaborative Economy (Altimeter Group, 2013) 9 O P E N I N N O V A t I O
The shift to shared economy primarily means that the money goes to the few hundred men who are in a start-up.
combining social and economic values using enablers, such as ICT. We think that technology is only an enabler among a series of other enablers
and the ultimate objective of this process is shared the values and shared economies resulting full satisfaction/happiness for all the parties involved.
because it has become a commodity. Take for example all those programming classes at primary schools all over Europe.
/what-is-watson. html (7) Airbnb, www. airbnb. com (8) Peerby, https://www. peerby. com (9) Collaborative Economy, Altimeter Group, 2013.10) Uber,
Overtext Web Module V3.0 Alpha
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