and aims to deliver sustainable economic growth and social benefits from Information and Communication Technologies (ICT).
The concept of smart specialisation has also been promoted by the Communication'Regional Policy contributing to smart growth in Europe 2020'.6 In this document the Commission encourages the design of national/regional research
An element closely intertwined to formulating an effective vision is RIS3 communication. Both during the RIS3 design process and all along the process of implementation of the strategy
it is crucial to have good communication. This is a way of spreading the vision, ultimately generating a positive tension in the regional society towards strategic goals,
Publications such as the joint 2011 OECD/European commission book'Regions and Innovation Policy'or the 2011 EC Communication'Regional Policy for smart growth in Europe 2020'identify taxonomies of delivery instruments
Assessment and mapping of digital infrastructures and e-communication services: existing and planned technology infrastructures (broadband networks) and other telecom-and internet-related services are presented in the Digital Agenda Scoreboard. 21 Human resources:
Communications: a clear communications strategy was deemed to be of enormous importance, especially for the business community.
The businesses actually involved in RIS projects also required honest and timely feedback; Management: the Management Team and Steering Group personnel often played a key role in maintaining effective communication,
especially where the chair of the Steering Group or the leader of the Management Group was a prominent local business leader
Regional Innovation Monitor, 32 based on Benneworth and Dassen 201133 An element closely intertwined to formulating an effective vision is RIS3 communication.
Good communication of the RIS3 is essential to ensure its endorsement by all stakeholders of the region, and beyond.
Communication is needed all along the process, adapting the content to the stage reached (adoption of a vision, adoption of policy priorities, endorsement of an action plan, implementation of key projects, etc..
The implementation of RIS across Europe has delivered the following lessons regarding the crucial components of a communication strategy,
To this end, appropriate communication methods and expected results need to be spelled out for each target group;
3. Definition of traditional communication tools: the tools include the use of a logo which builds and reinforces the regional identity and puts innovation at its core;
newsletters and leaflets to complete the information with traditional communication tools; specific publications on certain aspects of the RIS (key analyses, peer review reports, etc.;
The content of the communication should include strategic lines and priorities but also communication and demonstration on flagship projects;
4. Definition of active communication tools: active tools mainly include pro-active activities such as targeted visits to stakeholders or concerted workshops and seminars.
'Provide a signal to underline the fact that the strategy is going to be implemented concretely rather than remaining a concept, contributing to the communication of the RIS3 as a whole;
in line with the Commission's Communication on the modernisation agenda for universities COM (2006) 208.79 These barriers can also be linked to the capacity
Information and communication technologies (ICT) are a powerful driver for economic growth, innovation and increased productivity.
79 www. europeana. eu 82 The reviewing of the initial Digital Agenda Communication will redefine
measures aiming at enhancing accessibility to the use and quality of information and communication technologies (ICT) in rural areas86;
Commission Communication on KETS (2009). 99 Horizon 2020: in the framework of this programme, the Commission will support future and emerging technologies,
See also the emphasis on the creative industries in the European Competitiveness Report 2010, Commission staff working document, COM (2010) 614.102 In particular in the 2010 Commission Communication'Regional policy contributing to smart growth':
as part of a'Responsible Business package',including also a communication on CSR and directives on accounting and transparency. 168 The aim of the SBI is to make access to the market
SBI texts (communication+working document+FAQ: http://ec. europa. eu/internal market/social business/index en. htm 169 http://ec. europa. eu/internal market/investment/docs/social investment/20111207proposal en. pdf 170
and information and communication technology (ICT) and a latent comparative advantage in agro-food and tourism.
In its Communication Regional Policy Contributing to Smart Growth in Europe8 the Commission provides suggestions related to the key concepts that need to be presented in a smart specialization strategy.
and use and quality of, information and communication technologies; 3. enhancing the competitiveness of small and medium-sized enterprises, the agricultural sector (for the EAFRD) and the fisheries and aquaculture sector (for the EMFF;
1 Decision Concerning approval of Government Strategy for the development of electronic broadband communications in Romania for the period 2009-2015 On the grounds of art. 108 in Romania's Constitution, republished,
Art. 1. The Government has adopted the Strategy for the development of electronic broadband communications in Romania for the period 2009 2015,
PRIM-MINISTER Emil Boc 2 ANNEX Government Strategy for the development of electronic broadband communications in Romania for the period 2009-2015 CONTENT I. INTRODUCTORY PART I. 1
Definition of broadband communications I. 2 Anticipated advantages for the development of broadband communication services II.
CURRENT SITUATION ANALYSIS II. 1 Overview on the existing situation on broadband communication services market...
V FINANCIAL DEMAND AND OPTIONS IV. 1 Financial demand for the development program of broadband communication services.
AND ABBREVIATIONS I. INTRODUCTORY PART 3 Electronic broadband communications have become a world wide priority in late 1990s,
on the rapid development of communications and IT technologies as well as on telecom markets liberalization. In a global society undergoing a significant transformation process in the beginning of the 3rd millennium,
and creation of new working places one of the main instruments identified was the development of a knowledge based economy corroborated with incentives for the IT and communications sector (ICT).
an increased use of broadband communication services was identified as major objective. 4 In this context, it became obvious that Romania also needs a political document
and a strategy at national level, meant to support the development of electronic broadband communications,
Definition of electronic broadband communications concept and presentation of the anticipated advantages of developing broadband communication services An analysis of the current situation in Romania Definition of general principles and strategic
The current strategy is based on data in the Diagnosis Analysis Report on communication services in broadband (Roland Berger 2006)
and on those supplied by the National Authority in Communications concerning coverage with electronic broadband communications. 5 I. 1 Definition of the broadband communication concept Broadband, beyond its lexical or technical definition, irrespective of the transmission means (cable, radio,
The essence of the concept concerning broadband communications can be understood only if it is interpreted as a set of technological opportunities that allow rapid transmission of a huge volume of data,
The National Authority for Communications (ANC) establishes a general definition which is based only on the quantitative dimension of the Internet connections,
The uniform and final definition of broadband communications is worsen by aspects as dynamism of technological innovation
Taking into consideration all these aspects, the following concept shall be used in the process of providing electronic broadband communication services:
Percentage of the population with no access to broadband communications: Percentage County Number of counties 50%-80%Vâlcea, Vaslui, Mehedini, Salaj, Neam, Gorj, Olt, Buzau, Braila, Vrancea, Giurgiu, Bacau, Botosani, Covasna
into consideration the data in the table above and the fact that there must be a clear definition of areas where access to electronic broadband communications is limited due to different circumstances,
I. 2 Anticipated advantages for the development of broadband communication services Benefits of broadband communication access do not materialize by means of activities performances.
Access to broadband communications shall also play an extremely important part for applications that shall emerge as a consequence of the occurance of new needs generated by the information society and knowledge based economy.
Measurable benefits resulting from the access to broadband communications, include: An easier and more rapid way of looking for information information is unlimited fully available
Implementation of telemedicine communications among doctors for sharing of experience From the effects point of view, we consider that broadband communications shall become conspicuous on the following levels:
Broadband communications can contribute to an increase in Romanian school's value by implementing new teaching learning methods (elearning),
At the same time it supposes the existence of broadband communication infrastructure as well as certain human resources experienced in new technologies,
Successful implementation of communication technologies has tangible effects in increasing the degree of innovation by the possibility to virtually aggregate best resources and ideas all over the world.
In the context of Romania's current development and its opening towards the European and global economy, the business environment shall become a major consumer of broadband communications.
Broadband communications as facilitator of ICT development favors the creation of new working places and an increase in GDP/inhabitant, estimating that between 40%and 50%of productivity growth in latest years is due to ICT. 9 Secondly,
broadband communications allow a revolution in the business processes. For instance, it is no longer necessary for production facilities to be in close connection to research as communication can be reached virtually with the same results in most cases.
Broadband communications also contribute to e-business development with major benefits by a significant reduction of transaction costs and intensification of interaction speed among companies.
Cultural-entertainment activities: Electronic broadband communications can have a significant impact on cultural and entertaining activities by providing an increased availability, by changing consumers'behavior as well as by providing access to a great number of options.
Also, while broadband communications performances increase, the on-line environment interactivity grows attracting users. From the point of view of the main influence zones, broadband communication benefits are to be found at the level of the public administration, private companies, communities and at the level of the ordinary citizen.
By facilitating access both internationally and nationally as well as by their possibility to disseminate content rapidly,
broadband communications can be a vector for promoting cultural values and diversity in Romania's context (the importance of Romanian cultural patrimony is recognized including also certain touristic objectives as the Danube Delta, Monasteries from Moldavia, Sighisoara historical center, Dacian fortresses in Orastie
Mountains etc. in the world cultural patrimony by UNESCO). Thus, we can develop data basis (e-Tourism, e-Culture),
Technologies and broadband communications can improve the public administration flexibility and efficiency, can contribute to an increase in availability and access to government services.
For companies broadband communications represent a facilitator of E-business applications and practices, creating new business opportunities
Both for companies and employees broadband communications are meant to reduce the importance of localizing by allowing the establishment of offices in small,
Secondly, broadband communications allow business processes progress contributing to an increase in competitiveness of Romanian companies in Central and Eastern europe (CEE),
For small, rural and isolated communities, broadband communications development can favor economic and social integration by facilitating access to goods and new, superior services as well as participating facilities in digital economy or information society.
For the common consumer, besides facilities provided by broadband communications already mentioned (as e-Education, teleworking etc.
interconnectivity of different equipment (whether it has or not the communication component) or personalization of consumption.
CURRENT SITUATION ANALYSIS II. 1 Overview on the existing situation on broadband communication services market During the last two years we noticed a remarkable evolution at the level of electronic communications market as regards internet services providing.
All this made possible this significant growth of internet access connections and especially broadband communications over such a short period of time.
Statistical data concerning electronic communication market in Romania in the first half of 2008, reported by providers to the National Authority for Communications,
In Romania, the penetration rate of broadband communications services continues to grow in 2008, but it is still one of the lowest rates in European union-10,52%at the level of the population and 27,04%at the level of households.
reduced use of personal computers (only 35%of the households have access to a PC), a reduced coverage of electronic broadband communication services (30%of the population lives in cities with no coverage of broadband communication services) and low
The government strategic plan proposes an acceleration of the development rhythm of broadband communication services (identified as one of the most important facilitator of society modernizing
In other words, the strategy proposes a set of recommendations aimed at improving the situation of certain activities that have influence on broadband communication services,
So, the national broadband communication strategy acknowledges the importance of market instruments in developing broadband services.
and technologies able to meet the specific needs of communication of different groups of users
and offers the possibility to choose the most efficient method of communication in a given situation.
This multitude of communication resources is even more valuable having in view the rapid change of society and its evolution and implicitly its needs of communication and information.
With a view to absorb efficiently the available government funds for implementing the broadband for developing broadband communication services,
Thus, it is necessary to coordinate all government projects in the field of communication by a single authority
competition and reduction of prices shall be promoted as a result of the competitive level development in the field of broadband communications.
leading to a new broadband communication demand, that shall justify investments in infrastructure and the circle starts from the beginning. 20 Also,
III. 2. Objectives In order to ensure success for broadband communication strategy we identified and formulated a series of clear and comprehensive objectives,
investable environment) and after the diagnostic analysis of broadband communication market we identified 10 strategic objectives and six specific ones.
Growth of the rate of access to electronic broadband communication services at the level of the population up to minimum 100%until 2015 Connection and increase in the use of broadband services at the level of SMES;
Growth of the penetration rate of electronic broadband communication services in disadvantaged areas from the access point of view.
while meeting the fundamental objectives of the national strategy for broadband communications Key indicators must offer a clear panoramic image on the sector's development and indications as regards the necessary actions for accelerating progress (if the case).
and measurable/quantifiable so that they may become a monitoring/management instrument of the broadband communication sector development Transparency indicators must be transparent,
and adjustment of initiatives priority for implementing broadband communication strategy during consultations with the Working group for implementing the national strategy for the development of broadband communications.
We shall focus especially on extending the coverage area of broadband communication in disadvantaged areas.
the number of communities connected in these areas that benefit from broadband communication services after implementing the strategy.
we noticed the existence of several initiatives of the state institutions, that influence directly or indirectly the evolution of broadband communication services.
which shall implement the government strategy concerning broadband communication services development. A representative example to this effect is Italy,
where two entities were set up to implement the strategy of broadband communication development: Infratel Italy, a company set up by the Ministry of Communications
and responsible for the implementation of initiatives envisaging promotion of broadband communications'infrastructure development and elimination of the technological gap among regions Innovazione Italy,
a company set up by the Ministry of Innovations and responsible for implementation of initiatives meant to develop applications with digital content
In the case of Finland, the working group responsible for implementing the strategy of broadband communications development consisted of The Ministry of Internal Affairs
Ministry of Finance, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Trade and Industry, FICORA (Finnish Communications Regulatory authority), Finnish Competitiveness Authority, Consumers Protection Agency, Confederation of Finnish Industries
, Fi-Com (Finnish Federation for Communications and Teleinformatics) and Finnish Local and Regional Authorities. In Hungary the national strategy implementation for broadband communications and ensuring electronic broadband communication spreading is ensured by Telkes Tanácsadó Rt consortium, Colosseum Budapest Kft. si Ariosz Kft.
In the case of Ireland, a company, part of Hutchison Whampoa, was selected after tender and is responsible for administrating the Broadband National Plan
a group that shall monitor the implementation of projects regarding broadband communication infrastructure development as support for promoting informational services.
At the same time, this operational entity shall ensure the communication/interface with parties on the market which are involved under the form of a sole management of relations point with these parties as concerns the broadband communication sector.
The purpose of regional development for broadband communications was to render economically viable networks and services providing even in areas where such an enterprise is not commercially profitable.
For achieving this purpose we must draw comprehensive and well coordinated regional plans that should contribute to extend broadband communication networks in disadvantaged zones as concerns the access.
which shall be able to ensure also an optimal coordination of all initiatives that cooperate to meet the objective of broadband communication development and of those with implications to this effect.
Observing the principle of functions separation regulation of broadband communication sector versus operation of telecommunication projects and effective implementation of demarches provisioned for in the strategy A higher degree of visibility of initiatives from the beneficiaries perspective,
. 2 Methodology and monitoring of the implementation of the strategy To be able to put into practice the strategy for developing broadband communications,
To this purpose a Working group shall be set up consisting of representatives of the Ministry of Communication and Information Society, Ministry of Education, Research and Innovation, Ministery of Administration and Internal Affairs, Ministry of Public Finance, Ministry of Economy
by notifying the Ministry of Communications and Information Society, shall appoint 3 representatives each for the working group,
Cconsidering the provisions of art. 53 in Government Decision12/2009, by which the Ministry of Communication and Information Society is appointed as sole public authority in organizing and coordinating the programs and projects of electronic governance and electronic administration
Financing demand for the development program of broadband communication services For meeting the objectives set,
the Working group for implementing the national development strategy of broadband communications shall have to evaluate the financing demand
which can be done only by a clear dialogue between all working group representatives and the operators on the communication market.
Summary of the financing demand for implementing government strategy concerning broadband communication services development Major objective Instruments Financing demand by the national development program of broadband services
Communication, instruction, etc) 35 TOTAL PROGRAM 1. 250 IV. 2 Financing means In drafting the financing plan,
Parliament of Romania Chamber of deputies COMMITTEE FOR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AND COMMUNICATIONS Third Parliamentary Forum on Shaping the Information Society ICT and the Global Economic crisis:
Information and Communication Technologies offer great potential for improving democratic practice and participation, transparency, accountability and responsiveness of democratic institutions,
and increase access to broadband communications especially in rural and disadvantaged areas. 6 In terms of competition it should be mentioned that Romania has a particular situation regarding the penetration rate of fixed telephony of only 20
Ministry of Communications and Information (MCSI) will call on the Structural Funds (figures from approximately 84 million euro).
MCSI promote projects on the development of broadband communications services, especially Internet services. A first step in this direction was made last year by installing 211 hotspots (wireless network providing free Internet service in a public area) in 34 counties.
either the lack access to means of communication, where outside the coverage of electronic communications networks.
National Authority for Administration and Communications is obliged to ensure the access to universal service throughout Romania.
being composed of representatives of Ministry of Communications and Information, Ministry of Culture, Religious Affairs and National Heritage, Ministry of Finance,
which can make comparisons on how the procurement is conducted 15 6. Structural Funds Ministry of Communications
This legislative proposal was initiated by the members of Committee for Information technology and Communications in the Chamber of deputies,
after discussions with MCSI representatives and meetings with 18 communications market exponents in order to create the legislative framework for electronic communications network system infrastructure.
The Committee for Information technology and Communications in the Chamber of deputies discussed and elaborated some initiatives in collaboration with the Ministry such as:
INE, Eurostat Information Society The Balearic society has tradition in the field of the new Information and Communication Technologies (ICT.
While over the last decades the transmission grids and the coordination of large power plants have already become smart with the help of modern information and communication technologies
which stands for the increasing use of new electronic information, communication and control technologies in the rather traditional electricity business.
As in other industries before, the demand for more complex coor--dination and flexibility can be achieved most economically through an extensive use of information and communication technologies.
At the same time, smart technologies are used increasingly for ensuring the appropriate communication between the different actors and for coupling the increasingly differentiated markets with the technical energy system.
in addition to copper wires, the different elements and actors of the system will be linked by smart controls and communication.
and a stronger representa--tion of the telecom industry) has been appointed by DG Energy. 25 The updated mandate puts a stronger emphasis on regulatory issues as well as on communication and data handling.
http://www. aie. eu/IT and Telecom industry With smart grids the energy sector opens for the logic and the influence of information and communication technologies (ICT).
This is a huge growth opportunity for the corresponding industries offering hardware, software, data handling and communication.
id=3417&toegang=cfcd208495d565ef66e7dff9f98764 da The EU Smart Grids Debate 24 consumer's premises, simply on the basis of the frequency in the grid, may save expensive communication
Enel deployed smart meters (bidirectional communication, power measurement and management capabilities, software--controllable switch) to all its 30 million customers.
and Electrolux for a communications platform for a home area network that will allow for value-added services.
and communication structures also at lower levels of the system, down to the interface with consumers and even in their own premises,
How will the communication between energy vendors and grid operators be organised? Who will have access to real-time consumption data of the customers?
but also difficulties to ensure communication and coordination between different discussion forums and policy processes a lack of transparency concerning the different initiatives and discussions,
The communication process to stakeholders and the general public, the mechanisms for ensuring support for the strategy from critical groups
and sistematicaly deploy a communication strategy directed to all stakeholders and also to the regional public opinion.
achievable goals or output and result indicators and a realistic timeline for these goals. p) The actual governance structure should be improved in the future to be able to support a process of continous policy learning and adaptation q) The communication
a communication strategy directed to all stakeholders and also to the regional public opinion. However, the process is in the right way and,
Nanomaterial, Nanotechnology and advancedmanufacturing Health and Socialwelfare Telecom, Space and new physical/maths applications Social Dynamics,
The extension of the region and its geographic situation (Castilla y León borders on nine regions in Spain and Portugal) make Castilla y León an important communication hub at the Spanish
information and communication technologies, security, biotechnology and logistics. The industrial policy of the Regional Government has established four main priorities in the support of emerging clusters:
The extension of the region and its geographic situation (Castilla y León borders on nine regions in Spain and on Portugal) make Castilla y León an important communication hub at Spanish
and Information and Communication Technologies (ICT). With respect to the Sixth R&d National Plan, Castilla y León's participation's is slightly lower than
or specific area for ICT and most have staff dedicated to managing new information and communication technologies.
good communication and collaboration between regional ministry for ICT and Commissioner in charge of strategies. Common specialisation pattern.
and more on the adoption and 2 Foray cites a personal communication from Paul A. David.
each with a different mandate, operating at different spatial scales and within different organisational and policy silos, often with little vertical or horizontal communication.
Communication from the Commission to the European parliament, The Council, The European Economic and Social Committee and Committee of the Regions, SEC (2010) 1183.
and transport and communications have improved. Cross-national trade and investment have increased therefore, escalating competition and specialisation.
and new ventures are active in breakthrough innovation in sectors such as biotechnology and information and communication technologies.
licenses and permits system, communication and simplification of rules and procedures; and Barriers to competition (low-level indicators are:
This has been pursued mainly through the promotion of business support services especially in sectors of strategic relevance to the Czech economy such as automotive, machinery engineering, electronics, life sciences and information and communication technologies.
life sciences, information and communication technologies, media technologies and spin-offs from research projects. Another two or three private accelerator partners are to be selected,
Through co-ordinators, communication and interaction is facilitated via targeted forums, seminars and matching events, enabling companies to collaborate
and developing new branding and communication strategies. Design Integration Funding is available to client companies that have completed the Design 360 assessment and planning process.
It was launched by the Estonian Ministry of Economic Affairs and Communication on the basis of the Innovation Awareness programme.
repair of motor vehicles, motorcycles and personal and household goods H. Hotels and restaurants I. Transport, storage and communications J. Financial intermediation K. Real estate, renting and business activities L
and radio and TV communications are concentrated all highly in the three states of Massachusetts, California and New york (Audretsch and Feldman, 1996).
electronics-communications (32; scientific instruments (33. KISA comprises: post and telecommunications (64; computer and related activities (72;
Social and communication Motivation and appreciation of people's characteristics for working individually and in teams;
appreciation and communication through networks and value-chain partners (e g. ability to reach consensus and agreements,
Multi-language and cultural Ability to communicate in more than one language, appreciation of the cultural characteristics of different ethnic groups (e g. communications by a customer representative selling products/services in different countries,
All local authorities have communications strategies which keep parents informed of how they can support their child's learning.
p. 1). Social networks based on Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) are also gaining importance both as social innovation in themselves and as producers of social change (De Biase, 2009),
fundraising, engagement and communication. This global platform has levelled the playing field for receiving and giving donations, embracing the breadth
For example, entrepreneurship skills combine generic skills related to communication, numeracy and general IT use, some advanced skills on business management and human resources and some specific skills related to risk assessment and warranting,
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