Science and Public Policy August 2011 0302-3427/11/70521-20 US$12. 00 Beech tree Publishing 2011 521 Science and Public Policy, 38 (7 august
eventually transformed into huge worldwide market opportunities. There is another useful piece of information in Table 1. With the (partial) exceptions of the early pioneering ideas of John Von neumann and of the invention of the internet at CERN,
because there they have the opportunity to meet and to work with the best scientists.
in order to increase their opportunities to learn, to have good colleagues and students, to strengthen their CV
if they lose opportunities the value they lose is very large, so they will not accept offers that they consider below their opportunity cost.
Rapid career opportunities are the outcome of this dynamic. Patterns of international mobility Finally for a subsample of 786 scientists we have been able to track the countries in
2007), insofar as US innovators move more systematically towards cities where opportunities are larger, while Europeans try to develop innovations starting from their existing locations.
and those from disadvantaged groups to get more support to have the same opportunities as others to integrate into society.
However, many SMES do not take advantage of coaching opportunities, and there is, as of yet, no appropriate infrastructure to encourage the replication of coaching networks throughout EU Member States.
Company growth is apparently mainly the consequence of entrepreneurs taking active advantage of business opportunities.
rather than launching specific measures for high-growth SMES. 8. Enhance coaching opportunities: Since many SMES do not take advantage of coaching opportunities
and may not know where to find qualified coaching, an infrastructure to encourage the replication of existing successful coaching networks throughout EU Member States could be set up.
Improve internationalisation opportunities: Since high growth requires tapping larger markets, and national markets may be too small,
as well as opportunities and risks of sectoral policy approaches are dealt special issues with here. The Policy Brief will prioritise specificity over broadness.
the right timing, e g. related to market opportunities, is important for firms and for government assistance.
and SME growth policy Many determinants of enterprise growth opportunity seeking crucial A crucial question for evidence-based and effective policies to foster enterprise growth is:
or allow the firm to react more quickly to market trends, the social capital of the entrepreneur, the use of unique opportunities.
highlighting the importance entrepreneurs from around the globe place on taking a perspective of proactive opportunity
highlighting that Europe is largely lacking such opportunity-looking entrepreneurial spirit. Possible barriers for high growth of enterprises in the EU As there may be evidence that Europe generates less high-growth SMES or at least less young global leaders than other major economic regions in the world,
It offers two funding opportunities: 60 GIF1 risk capital for innovative SMES in their early stages:
In spite of these initiatives, many SMES do not take advantage of coaching opportunities, and there is yet no appropriate infrastructure to encourage the replication of innovation-focused coaching networks throughout EU Member States.
and investing across borders easier. 107 Growth stock markets provide listing opportunities with simplified requirements. The EC believes that easier EU-wide access to growth stock markets is needed in order for firms to be able to become listed easily
and raises financial barriers to innovation. 123 The importance of the Single Market for enterprises'growth opportunities was raised also in the workshop related to this Policy 116 Murray/Hyytinen/Maula (2009),
Its mission is helping small companies make the most of the business opportunities in the European union, 130 bringing together 580 member organisations in 47 countries.
See also public consultation Small Business, Big World-A new partnership to help SMES seize global opportunities, http://ec. europa. eu/enterprise/newsroom/cf/itemlongdetail. cfm?
more than half (57%)said they preferred the EEN because of the opportunity of accessing European networks. 131 Two thirds of the respondents (68%)said they were satisfied
different compositions in terms of companies'sizes and ages, different age of the industries as such, different value systems, different levels of internationalisation and innovativeness and different opportunities for high growth of innovative SMES.
leaving relatively many opportunities for new market leaders. At the workshop related to this Policy Brief, the importance of business ecosystems as well as clusters for SME growth was highlighted in particular. 136 However
Furthermore, empirical evidence suggests that high-growth companies can be found in any industry. 137 Targeting specific industries may mean missing emerging opportunities for high-growth in other industries emerging opportunities which policy makers
Sector-focused approaches might miss these opportunities. 138 Insights from other policy types A possible focus on specific industries is also an issue in other types of policies for
While the government has attributed the successful recovery from the word-wide economic crisis to the numerous opportunities SMES have been provided with,
In light of this recent economic resilience, the government has attributed the success to the numerous opportunities SMES have been provided with
%Taking these three items together, one can conclude that company growth is mainly the consequence of entrepreneurs taking active advantage of business opportunities growth-oriented entrepreneurs targeting growing markets with new products
extended distribution opportunities after being acquired by a trust (mentioned twice), withdrawal of competitors, severe winters. 167 Exhibit 6-1:
All in all, entrepreneurs pursuing business opportunities appear to be pronounced an even more reason for gazelle growth than for growth of older high-growth enterprises. 168 Differences should be considered cautiously
many SMES do not take advantage of coaching opportunities, many may not know about the benefits of coaching
and to pursue market opportunities. Thus, entrepreneurship policy may, more basically, have to seek to ensure that there are entrepreneurs who are able to generate companies
and lacking intermediaries (see section 4. 2. 2). Opportunities for companies with high growth aspirations to find venture investors are thus suboptimal.
A suggested enhancement of the Enterprise Europe Network The Enterprise Europe Network (EEN) provides opportunities for SMES to enter into joint development arrangements with appropriate partners across Europe,
Furthermore the EEN also offers cooperation opportunities with Technology Offers and Technology Requests. Those are not Framework Programme (FP) cooperation
but alternative or complementary opportunities for SMES and appropriately linked to FP topics can be a way to complete FP consortia with specific expertise.
The opportunity finder would then return a list of open call topics not just open calls
This semantic based search concept would offer to the SME the opportunity to conduct a quick scan of relevant topics, short descriptions and related EEN technologies in a very efficient way.
and open opportunities without having to process extensive data and information from various sources. In this way, the EEN could contribute more to SME growth and possibly high growth.
Measures aimed at providing funding for high-growth new ventures may find little opportunity to fund growth
e g. for venture capital. 8. Enhance coaching opportunities: Qualified coaching may help grow SMES and cross the chasm between pilot markets and mass markets.
Since many SMES do not take advantage of coaching opportunities, an infrastructure to encourage the replication of existing successful coaching networks throughout EU Member States could be set up. 192 See Minniti (2008), p. 788,
Improve internationalisation opportunities: Since high growth requires tapping larger markets, and national markets may be too small,
A critical Nordic tale about perceptions of entrepreneurial opportunities, goals and growth. In: Journal of Enterprising Culture, Vol. 16, No. l, March, pp. 55-87.
A critical nordic tale about perceptions of entrepreneurial opportunities, goals and growth Small Business and Enterprise Development 2010 Hoxha/Capelleras Fast-growing firms in a transitional and extreme environment:
Accelerating Innovation, Unleashing Market Opportunities. Second, leaders in the private sector have launched the Startup America Partnership, an independent alliance of entrepreneurs, corporations, universities, foundations,
However, many SMES do not take advantage of coaching opportunities, and there is, as of yet, no appropriate infrastructure to encourage the replication of coaching networks throughout EU Member States.
Company growth is apparently mainly the consequence of entrepreneurs taking active advantage of business opportunities.
rather than launching specific measures for high-growth SMES. 8. Enhance coaching opportunities: Since many SMES do not take advantage of coaching opportunities
and may not know where to find qualified coaching, an infrastructure to encourage the replication of existing successful coaching networks throughout EU Member States could be set up.
Improve internationalisation opportunities: Since high growth requires tapping larger markets, and national markets may be too small,
as well as opportunities and risks of sectoral policy approaches are dealt special issues with here. The Policy Brief will prioritise specificity over broadness.
the right timing, e g. related to market opportunities, is important for firms and for government assistance.
and SME growth policy Many determinants of enterprise growth opportunity seeking crucial A crucial question for evidence-based and effective policies to foster enterprise growth is:
or allow the firm to react more quickly to market trends, the social capital of the entrepreneur, the use of unique opportunities.
highlighting the importance entrepreneurs from around the globe place on taking a perspective of proactive opportunity
highlighting that Europe is largely lacking such opportunity-looking entrepreneurial spirit. Possible barriers for high growth of enterprises in the EU As there may be evidence that Europe generates less high-growth SMES or at least less young global leaders than other major economic regions in the world,
It offers two funding opportunities: 60 GIF1 risk capital for innovative SMES in their early stages:
In spite of these initiatives, many SMES do not take advantage of coaching opportunities, and there is yet no appropriate infrastructure to encourage the replication of innovation-focused coaching networks throughout EU Member States.
and investing across borders easier. 107 Growth stock markets provide listing opportunities with simplified requirements. The EC believes that easier EU-wide access to growth stock markets is needed in order for firms to be able to become listed easily
and raises financial barriers to innovation. 123 The importance of the Single Market for enterprises'growth opportunities was raised also in the workshop related to this Policy 116 Murray/Hyytinen/Maula (2009),
Its mission is helping small companies make the most of the business opportunities in the European union, 130 bringing together 580 member organisations in 47 countries.
See also public consultation Small Business, Big World-A new partnership to help SMES seize global opportunities, http://ec. europa. eu/enterprise/newsroom/cf/itemlongdetail. cfm?
more than half (57%)said they preferred the EEN because of the opportunity of accessing European networks. 131 Two thirds of the respondents (68%)said they were satisfied
different compositions in terms of companies'sizes and ages, different age of the industries as such, different value systems, different levels of internationalisation and innovativeness and different opportunities for high growth of innovative SMES.
leaving relatively many opportunities for new market leaders. At the workshop related to this Policy Brief, the importance of business ecosystems as well as clusters for SME growth was highlighted in particular. 136 However
Furthermore, empirical evidence suggests that high-growth companies can be found in any industry. 137 Targeting specific industries may mean missing emerging opportunities for high-growth in other industries emerging opportunities which policy makers
Sector-focused approaches might miss these opportunities. 138 Insights from other policy types A possible focus on specific industries is also an issue in other types of policies for
While the government has attributed the successful recovery from the word-wide economic crisis to the numerous opportunities SMES have been provided with,
In light of this recent economic resilience, the government has attributed the success to the numerous opportunities SMES have been provided with
%Taking these three items together, one can conclude that company growth is mainly the consequence of entrepreneurs taking active advantage of business opportunities growth-oriented entrepreneurs targeting growing markets with new products
extended distribution opportunities after being acquired by a trust (mentioned twice), withdrawal of competitors, severe winters. 167 Exhibit 6-1:
All in all, entrepreneurs pursuing business opportunities appear to be pronounced an even more reason for gazelle growth than for growth of older high-growth enterprises. 168 Differences should be considered cautiously
many SMES do not take advantage of coaching opportunities, many may not know about the benefits of coaching
and to pursue market opportunities. Thus, entrepreneurship policy may, more basically, have to seek to ensure that there are entrepreneurs who are able to generate companies
and lacking intermediaries (see section 4. 2. 2). Opportunities for companies with high growth aspirations to find venture investors are thus suboptimal.
A suggested enhancement of the Enterprise Europe Network The Enterprise Europe Network (EEN) provides opportunities for SMES to enter into joint development arrangements with appropriate partners across Europe,
Furthermore the EEN also offers cooperation opportunities with Technology Offers and Technology Requests. Those are not Framework Programme (FP) cooperation
but alternative or complementary opportunities for SMES and appropriately linked to FP topics can be a way to complete FP consortia with specific expertise.
The opportunity finder would then return a list of open call topics not just open calls
This semantic based search concept would offer to the SME the opportunity to conduct a quick scan of relevant topics, short descriptions and related EEN technologies in a very efficient way.
and open opportunities without having to process extensive data and information from various sources. In this way, the EEN could contribute more to SME growth and possibly high growth.
Measures aimed at providing funding for high-growth new ventures may find little opportunity to fund growth
e g. for venture capital. 8. Enhance coaching opportunities: Qualified coaching may help grow SMES and cross the chasm between pilot markets and mass markets.
Since many SMES do not take advantage of coaching opportunities, an infrastructure to encourage the replication of existing successful coaching networks throughout EU Member States could be set up. 192 See Minniti (2008), p. 788,
Improve internationalisation opportunities: Since high growth requires tapping larger markets, and national markets may be too small,
A critical Nordic tale about perceptions of entrepreneurial opportunities, goals and growth. In: Journal of Enterprising Culture, Vol. 16, No. l, March, pp. 55-87.
A critical nordic tale about perceptions of entrepreneurial opportunities, goals and growth Small Business and Enterprise Development 2010 Hoxha/Capelleras Fast-growing firms in a transitional and extreme environment:
Accelerating Innovation, Unleashing Market Opportunities. Second, leaders in the private sector have launched the Startup America Partnership, an independent alliance of entrepreneurs, corporations, universities, foundations,
opportunities! and! the! electronic! availability! of! tender! documents!( (originally! expected! by! midc2014);!)( b! use! of!
notification'of'tender'opportunities'and'the'electronic'availability'of'tender'documents'(originally'expected'by'midq2014;'(
which always welcome new opportunities for innovation. JRC is committed to getting the latest technologies out into the market as soon as possible,
This kind of market liberalisation taken to the highest level will provide parties participating in technology transfers opportunities
and mapping project opportunities Kaleidoszkóp is operated by the National Innovation Office RDI Observatory Department. Kaleidoszkóp's homepage:
Digitising and providing wider access to cultural resources offers enormous economic opportunities and is an essential condition for the further development of Europe's cultural and creative capacities and of its industrial presence in this field.
. 4 Summary of Regional Strengths and Opportunities 42 3. 1 Population Targets for each Local authority Area 50 3. 2 Population Targets for Main Settlements
Realise the opportunities of strengthened all-island collaboration in areas of mutual interest to build up the island's competitive strengths particularly in the areas of infrastructure, R&d,
will have the opportunity to develop to their potential within a national spatial planning framework for the period up to 2020.
and Waterford to Limerick/Shannon and it is considered that the opportunities for growth along these corridors should be exploited through the upgrading of these transport links
and will create opportunities to support employment creation and regional development. N24 PRIORITISATION STUDY The current N24 is of variable standard
and opportunities for all its citizens over the period covered by the strategy. It reflects spatial planning guidance from the NSS
The strategic development of trans-boundary transport links and partnering opportunities present opportunities for mutual development.
it has the potential to identify economic and other growth opportunities and to provide the framework within which they can be elicited.
while at the same time ensuring that smaller farmers have the opportunity to supplement their farm income through off-farm work.
New and existing schools should provide an opportunity to develop high quality publicly owned education campus sites for multiple use by local communities
Population & Regional Profile 423 Table 2. 4 Summary of Regional Strengths and Opportunities 2. 6 Spatial Components of the Region 2. 6. 1 Sub
Certain opportunities have also been identified: 1. In-migration has established a local workforce which would welcome increased employment options within the region. 2. Development of third-level facilities
and third-level educational institutions. 4. Strong indigenous industrial sector with opportunities for increased levels of Research and development. 5. Improving road and rail infrastructure. 6. The Regional Airport has significant
D3 Identifying opportunities for land uses in rural areas other than those related to food production. There is scope to provide for energy crops
In the city centre a number of key opportunity sites have been identified in the Waterford City Development Plan
derelict or undeveloped lands within the built-up area through the development plan process. 2. Realise opportunities using, for example,
the Derelict Sites Act and acquisition of key sites. 3. Where sufficient development opportunities within the urban area are not available,
consider appropriate extension options having regard to infrastructural constraints and the availability of community services. 3. 7 District Towns-Expansion Opportunity Cahir, Tullow, Cashel, Bagenalstown, Bunclody
and access to the towns has been improved greatly as well as providing new opportunities following the removal of through traffic.
Growth of the Regional Gateway at Waterford City and its wider hinterland area within Counties Kilkenny and Waterford will facilitate the expansion of economic opportunities in the interest of achieving balanced regional development in accordance with the principles
Expanded economic opportunities will strengthen economic networks and linkages through the region for the betterment of all of its citizens.
A critical mass of economic activity and opportunities will be facilitated by: Development of Waterford Regional Airport; Improved public transport services and facilities as recommended by the Waterford City Public transport Feasibility Study 2010;
Through its mountain ranges and rivers the region offers opportunities for farmers in these areas to expand into self-catering farmhouse accommodation
Opportunities in the area of tourism and recreation exist in this regard and feasibility reports for the development of marinas
There is a significant opportunity for planning authorities, the Department of Communications, Energy and Natural resources, Fáilte Ireland (Southeast) and regional tourism interests to work together to promote the Southeast as the‘Marine Centre of Ireland'by identifying
and Leisure Infrastructure'and the relevant authorities should actively pursue these opportunities. PPO 4. 3 It is an objective of the Regional Authority to work in partnership with key stakeholders to develop a sustainable Strategic Commercial
so as to increase productivity growth, provide a source of opportunity in new growth areas and to develop a basis for creating knowledge driven competitive advantage across all sectors of the economy. 4 Advice to the Minister for Education & Science on the application by Waterford Institute of technology for designation as a University, JM Consulting
and distance learning opportunities for those in employment. A strong third and fourth-level education sector in the region will be a strong driver of innovation and entrepreneurship.
The deficit arising from the limited fourth-level education opportunities in the region is resulting in a drain of knowledge workers
so it is important that training opportunities are afforded to such persons to achieve the skills that will assist them to gain employment.
and contribute to economic and social development by providing opportunities for educational progression and enhancement of the skill levels of the workforce.
and development opportunities will have to be provided to a high standard in the region and in locations that are suited to the needs of the target groups to promote economic advancement, social integration and social inclusion.
Opportunities to develop Multiplex Adult and Further Education Centres would improve access to further education. The development of childcare and eldercare facilities and other supports would assist in improving access To further Education.
Special attention should be given to providing training and education opportunities in the areas of greatest economic disadvantage in the region.
In the case of Waterford City, proposals to consolidate the city around the River Suir with an emphasis on the possibilities for developing the city quays present exciting opportunities
The regional tourism authorities and local planning authorities need to identify opportunities for the development of a diversified
There is an opportunity for increased investment in the development of accommodation and tourism facilities in Carlow and South Tipperary to increase tourism incomes in these areas.
The various urban heritage attractions in the region's towns should be marketed as a network of destinations offering the visitor the opportunity to visit several locations per visit.
Nore, Suir, Slaney and Blackwater presents a significant opportunity for the relevant authorities. A current INTERREG project for tourism, sustainable transport and economic development along the River Suir is a lead initiative in this area.
This section sets out the economic potential and opportunities of the region and is based on the work of Forfás,
This has resulted in diverging and competitive dynamics within the region and perhaps also a missed opportunity to work with this distinctive diversity through a more coordinated approach to regional development.
Sectoral Opportunities This section considers the assets of the region and how they might be harnessed to further develop the existing enterprise base
and to capture future sectoral opportunities. The challenge over the next decade (faced by the entire country) is to shift economic growth toward export oriented sectors and activities.
'4. 10.7 Priority Actions Many of the suggested actions below will serve to address a number of the opportunities and challenges identified.
Sectoral Opportunities 1. Further work will be required in all instances to advance specific actions to achieve the potential of opportunity sectors in the region.
Employment & Economic Development Strategy 767 focused teams under a regional umbrella-possibly the Spirit of Enterprise Forum-to further explore specific opportunities in identified sectors.
Action at a regional level. 2. Stimulate interactions between sectors-particularly where there are opportunities for convergence (e g. medical devices and ICT;
the following routes should commence at the earliest opportunity: N24 (various improvement schemes along the N24 route) 7 N11/M11 (Arklow/Rathnew;
Harness the capabilities of the‘new'highly skilled professional unemployed to identify potential business start-up opportunities
given the business opportunities that are arising in the agribusiness/environmental sectors, ensure optimal co-ordination of supports from relevant agencies such as Teagasc, EI, LEADER and the CEBS.
Natural resources In addition, the creation of opportunities for the establishment of enterprises based on the processing of the natural produce of an area and development of renewable energies should be supported by the development plans and policies of local authorities, subject to environmental considerations.
-Improve access to town centres by facilitating opportunities for public transport, cycling and walking whilst also ensuring sufficient short-term parking is available to meet the needs of car borne shoppers.
where opportunities arise. School travel plans will be developed to promote use of sustainable modes. Planning Authorities should seek to implement the objectives of the Department of Transport's National Cycle Policy Framework (NCPF) in the development of cycling facilities. 5. 1. 10 Sustainable Neighbourhoods In some cases Planning
The reopening of the Waterford New Ross railway would provide further opportunity for transfer of freight to rail.
Furthermore it has the potential to identify economic and other growth opportunities and providing the framework within which they can be elicited.
and provide opportunities to export and/or import electricity. The electrical distribution network will be upgraded/maintained as required
and opportunities to live life with dignity and have access to the quality public services that underpin life chances and experiences.
Local authority audits of such facilities have been carried out throughout the region to identify deficiencies in community facilities which can then be made good as opportunities arise
bringing with it opportunities for social, cultural and economic development. PPO 8. 16 It is an objective of the Regional Authority that the linguistic and cultural heritage of the area be promoted through the following policies:
The development of integrated river or inland waterway plans as outlined in Section 8. 2. 4 would address opportunities for leisure and tourism.
a growing emphasis has been placed on the requirement for quality designed open space and recreational opportunities for residents, especially those living in urban areas.
offering opportunities for passive and active recreation, contributing to the quality of life of communities and the identity of towns or villages,
offering the resident an opportunity for safe and private recreation. It is envisaged that policies relating to the consolidation of the existing built-up areas through increased residential densities
It is envisaged that the creation of recreational opportunities and the provision of open space in rural areas will contribute to the rural economy and, importantly,
PPO 9. 5 Local authorities should take the opportunities presented when including policies and actions in Development Plans/LAPS (such as flood plain protection and Suds) to optimise improvements in biodiversity and amenity for existing and future developments.
The opportunities for increased use of the rail network for freight traffic should be developed in co-operation with Iarnród Éireann, the ports and the industrial sector.
Development opportunities will arise in the various areas and places identified in the guidelines for various types of development.
Furthermore it has the potential to identify economic and other growth opportunities and providing the framework within which they can be elicited.
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