Synopsis: Security:


WEF_AMNC14_Report_TheBoldOnes.pdf

The Bold Ones draws significant insights from our 2013 survey of US Entrepreneur Of The Year finalists into the ways high-growth companies exploit opportunities and overcome both business and economic challenges.

and need capital providers with a high risk appetite to finance the early life stages. Conversely, Service industries have lower demands on R&d infrastructure

His risks have been calculated, careful and successful but most distinctively, purposeful. Early on, he refused to back down

Are we aware of the internal process risks that could undermine our business? are equipped we well to grow

In 1994 they took a big risk, hiring a consultant from a prominent franchising firm.

His research and teaching focus on performance measurement, business planning, risk assessment, and contemporary financial reporting issues.


WEF_EuropeCompetitiveness_FosteringInnovationDrivenEntrepreneurship_Report_2014.pdf

particularly their risk-taking drive and level of perseverance qualities identified as essential for an entrepreneur.

or the willingness and ability to take the risk of joining an innovative start-up as an employee. 12 Figure 10 details a conceptual model for the factors influencing

A positive attitude towards entrepreneurship and risk as an enabler for selecting an entrepreneurial career with relevance throughout the process.

and financial risks of creating or joining a new venture. Challenges for promoting entrepreneurship Attitude:

and seems to be more prevalent in Europe than in other regions. 14 Studies have found evidence that the recent economic turbulence has resulted in entrepreneurs taking less risk overall.

Impact Attitude Perceived reward/status of entrepreneurship Perceived risk Personality type Determination 1 Skills Markets/business intelligence Management skills Social skills Creativity

and essential skills and attitudes, including creativity, initiative, tenacity, teamwork, understanding of risk and a sense of responsibility. 18 Cultural/Social framework:

in Europe by encouraging young Europeans to take more risks in innovation and entrepreneurship, and encouraging governments, businesses, society and individuals to support

and reward such risk-taking through policy frameworks and access to mentors, finance and markets.

Part of it is linked to higher levels of risk aversion following the financial crisis as investors struggle with an increased regulatory burden. 39 This drop in private investment has seen the role of government agencies in venture capital raised from institutional investors increase from pre-crisis

bonds or other securities and capital markets are particularly important in Western and Northern europe. Figure 14:

Chairman, Europe, Microsoft Corporation Benefit for large corporates Benefit for entrepreneurs Risk to one or both partners Company shares in high-potential entrepreneurial ventures Access

and competencies of both organizations. 51 An overview of the benefits and risks of collaboration for entrepreneurs and large corporates is shown in Table 3. 26 Enhancing Europe's Competitiveness The analysis is based on the six dimensions

if required Clear alignment of intellectual property rights II III V IV Develop collaboration and exploit results Set and

and a threat to one's own organization should be overcome. The degree and scope of openness are crucial:

or without a considerable time allocation for R&d inherits major risk for entrepreneurs. 53 Scouting for partners Developing transparency on available partners Any firm may find an enormous number of potential market

not months otherwise the opportunity to accelerate processes is turned into a risk. Fridolin Stary, Senior vice-president, Research and development, Wacker Chemie Fostering Innovation-driven Entrepreneurship in Europe 31 Dimension Practice/example Developing collaboration and exploiting results Being adaptable to the needs

The inherent risk of innovation, quoted by 22%of small firms The direct cost of innovation,

Moreover, connecting actors to improve access to capital is of key importance to enable progress towards a more transparent, single European market for risk finance.

Investments in pan-European fund structures support the above-mentioned development towards a European single market for risk finance.

We need to create an entrepreneur-friendly culture that encourages young people to take risks

or contain the risk of collisions. Able to innovate cooperatively, both amid and driven by contextual changes,

They would be able to minimize the three critical types of risk in any new venture:

market risk, technology risk and team risk. What does this mean for how organizations operate?

To master risk and reap the benefits of new sources of growth in an increasingly volatile and uncertain environment,

O'neill, M. 2013), Mini-bonds come with no small risks, Investorschronicle. co. uk, based on research from Capita Registrars. 48. http://www. tekes. fi/en/tekes/.


WEF_GAC_CompetitivenessOfCities_Report_2014.pdf

Nigeria's challenges of corruption, personal security and terrorism also affect Lagos. Hard and soft connectivity:

Violent crimes have declined by over 80%since 2007 due to the Security Trust fund, where public and private organizations/individuals contribute for police funding.

yet uncertainties have increased also as international corporations searched for global centres where they could do business with the lowest-possible risk.

and to minimize risks, a special centre is available in the Dubai Internet City, for example,

The objective of the formation of the Council is to maintain the state security and rule of law,

Risks and Challenges While the opportunity in Dubai is clear, the city faces risks caused by several factors,

such as the pace of growth, a possible real estate bubble and dependence on Gulf-oilbased economies.

The risk of a real estate bubble remains real. In 2009, the global financial crisis led to a crash in overinflated real estate prices,

The heated situation in the middle East region may also cause some indirect risks on Dubai, as oil prices may fluctuate

These risks are beyond the control of Dubai; however, mitigating them by reducing other risks is

what Dubai and the UAE are constantly working on. Going forward, Dubai may benefit from a more liberal approach to market competitiveness with a higher degree of independence for regulators,

Lee kuan yew capitalized on a perceived communist threat the exit from Malaysia and impending withdrawal of British military bases to overhaul economic policies,

are giving initial assurance that all Detroit students will receive an opportunity for post-secondary education without financial barriers.

Long-term planning, comprehensive risk management strategies and absolute transparency, combined with regular auditing controls and zero tolerance for violations by trustees, are basic and imperative restructuring measures.

Apart from economic and financial problems, the city and region faced political violence and terrorism,

Monterrey was spared not from organized crime and the resulting effects of insecurity in the country (2010-2012).

As mentioned before, the deterioration of the security indicators from 2008 to 2012; the perception of corruption (80%of the population believes that more than half of the public employees are corrupt;

On the other hand, important coordinated actions have been taken in the area of security in the last couple of years.

Since 2012, the security situation in the state has improved greatly, with the deployment of a new police force (Fuerza Civil),

According to a survey developed by EGAP on security perceptions Fuerza Civil proved to be trusted highly by the public.

The Competitiveness of Cities 43 Interrelationships and Summary Throughout its history, the city has overcome natural, security and economic threats due to its entrepreneurial culture, work ethics,

Fast and underplanned urban growth is one of the threats to the city's quality of life

and tried everything from threats to political pressure to stop the demolitions. On the public health front

and maintaining security and privacy. And, they should think of every citizen as a potential dual user of city services people who use technology for their work but also use it intensively in their personal lives.


WEF_GlobalCompetitivenessReport_2014-15.pdf

Professor, Graduate school of Media Design Heizo Takenaka, Director, Global security Research Institute Jiro Tamura, Professor of Law, Keio University In cooperation with Keizai Doyukai (Japan

and heightened risks looming on the horizon could derail the global recovery. Much of the growth in recent years has taken place because of the extraordinary and bold monetary policies in countries such as the United states, Japan,

and raising awareness about the need to adopt holistic and integrated frameworks for understanding complex phenomena such as competitiveness or global risks.

or even deflation, in key advanced economies remains a tangible risk that could derail recovery

The risks to the global economic outlook remain very real. Past measures, mainly based on expansionary monetary policies, have helped to temporarily avoid a deeper recession and set the foundations for the global recovery in the short term.

It monitors key trends, identifies global risks, charts relationships, addresses gaps in knowledge and recommends ways to address global challenges.

A thorough and proper assessment of risk is therefore a key ingredient of a sound financial market.

well-regulated securities exchanges, venture capital, and other financial products. In order to fulfill all those functions, the banking sector needs to be trustworthy and transparent,

since large markets allow firms to exploit economies of scale. Traditionally, the markets available to firms have been constrained by national borders.

A potential threat to Switzerland's competitive edge might be the increasing difficulties faced by businesses

but corruption (66th), security concerns (68th, up seven), and low levels of accountability (80th, up two) and lack of transparency (43rd) continue to weaken the institutional framework.

Political and policy instability, excessive red tape, pervasive corruption, security concerns, and high uncertainty around property rights protection seriously undermine the institutional framework (93rd in the public institutions subpillar, down eight).

Finally, security remains an issue (89th), in particular in terms of costs that the threat of terrorism imposes on businesses (110th).

Continuing on its downward trend and losing 11 places, India ranks 71st. The country's new government faces the challenge of improving competitiveness and 2014 World Economic Forum The Global Competitiveness Report 2014 2015 29 1. 1:

Its security situation remains alarming (142nd. Pakistan is the third least safe of all countries covered, behind only Yemen and Libya.

as well as high levels of physical security, it will have to step up its efforts to improve a number of areas

the security situation in the country is once again fragile, which could potentially affect the country's economy,

such as physical security (39th), some positive aspects of goods markets efficiency (e g.,, 32nd on number of procedures to start a business),

Yet improvements are seen also in other areas, such as institutions and physical security, albeit from a low level.

The fragile security situation is improving slightly, although tenacious political and policy instability are undermining the country's competitiveness

Yet important downside risks remain: although inflation has been coming down from the high rates of the past two years thanks to prudent monetary policy and moderating food prices, rising fiscal deficits

and security (95th) continues to be a major area of concern for doing business. Building a skilled labor force

Finally, the security situation in Kenya also remains worrisome (128th. Ghana reverses last year's downward trend

although fiscal vulnerabilities persist: the government deficit stood at 10.8 percent of GDP in 2013, more than twice that of two years ago;

The security situation, at 111th, also remains a concern. Senegal comes in at 112th this year.

although from very low levels and in spite of being dragged down largely by the country's security situation (107th).

In addition, the security situation remains dire (139th. Nigeria must continue to upgrade its infrastructure (134th) as well as improve its health and primary education (143rd.

In the current economic context of uneven recovery across advanced economies and renewed risks for emerging economies, the current edition of the Report has highlighted the need for more structural reforms

The Economic Answer to Terrorism. New york: Harper Perennial. Dobbs, R.,J. Remes, J. Manyika, C. Roxburgh, S. Smit,

Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations 1. 12 Transparency of government policymaking 5. Security...

20%1. 13 Business costs of terrorism 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence 1. 15 Organized crime 1. 16 Reliability of police services

50%8. 06 Soundness of banks 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges 8. 08 Legal rights index*9th pillar:

despite growing awareness about the risks related to unsustainable resource and environmental management the world is not moving toward a more sustainable path

participation, and security; and that maximize their potential to contribute to and benefit from the economic prosperity of the country in

companies become more concerned about reputational risks. 9 Consequently, the business sector has started to take a keener interest in environmental issues than it did a couple of decades ago.

President Barack Obama, who promised to respond to the threat of climate change in his inaugural speech after his reelection,

7 or the heightened perception of environmental risk (since 2010, the respondents of the World Economic Forum's Global Risks Perceptions Survey consider environmental risks both to be more likely to happen

and to have greater impact), 8 the increase in the number and efficacy of environmental regulations is welcome and timely.

In Asia, for example, stronger policies are motivated as much by energy security as they are by local pollution and public health challenges,

regulations Stringency of environmental regulations metric. 12 Information technology companies concerned with energy costs, reputational risks,

000 times greater than is thought to occur naturally increase the vulnerability of terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems

and guaranteeing food security. Equity and cohesion. An equitable society guarantees the same opportunities for all its members,

and the vulnerabilities associated with these problems remain entrenched. 1 The global community is calling for change for solutions that foster economic growth in a more inclusive manner.

reducing the vulnerability of the society as a whole. In advanced economies, welfare states promote the economic and social well-being of the society by protecting their members from excessive loss of income during old age and during periods of unemployment or illness.

Climate change, food security, and conflict. 30 In the future, rising sea levels and more extreme weather conditions may force millions of people to migrate,

thus increasing the vulnerability of the population. According to some studies, at present 1. 7 billion people live in water-stressed countries.

may also aggravate migration and food security concerns, which already represent major problems today. 31 At present,

This constellation of pressures may increase food insecurity in the long term, even in areas where food availability is relatively secure today,

but could not because of the lack of data include access to decent housing and food security.

The second category is linked to the concept of perceived economic security. Hence it aims to evaluate a population's vulnerability to economic exclusion.

Three indicators have been chosen for this evaluation: Vulnerable employment as a percentage of total employment, the Extent of the informal economy,

Providing protection also leads to a sense of financial security that enables individuals to undertake investments and entrepreneurial risk,

From an economic standpoint, high youth unemployment Access to basic necessities Vulnerability to economic exclusionsocial cohesion Access to sanitation Access to improved drinking water Access to healthcare Vulnerable employment

a downward arrow points to a situation of vulnerability in terms of social and/or environmental sustainability that lowers the GCI score.

constant monitoring and benchmarking of selected indicators helps to identify possible areas of risk and the 2014 World Economic Forum GCI 2014 2015 Social sustainability adjusted GCI Environmental sustainability

putting the invaluable natural capital of the country at risk. As it faces difficulties related to sustainability, especially in the environmental area,

Assessing Progress toward Sustainable Competitiveness 72 The Global Competitiveness Report 2014 2015 employment to poverty risk.

Senegal's main areas of vulnerability are related to social sustainability. Although slightly improving this year

and reputational risk, see http://www. scjohnson. com/en/commitment/focus on/greengauge. aspx. 10 As reported by nongovernmental organizations,

A Hidden Threat to Food Production: Air pollution and Agriculture in the Developing World. Gatekeeper series, NO SA 73.

Environmental Change and Security program Report, Issue 13 2008 2009. WASHINGTON DC: Woodrow wilson International Center for Scholars. 27 33.

Sustainable Agriculture and Food security in LDCS. UNCTAD Policy Brief No. 20 may. Available at http://unctad. org/en/Docs/presspb20116 en. pdf..2014.

Global Risks 2014. Ninth Edition. Geneva: World Economic Forum. Available at http://www3. weforum. org/docs/WEF Globalrisks report 2014. pdf. YCELP and CIESIN (Yale Center for Environmental law & Policy,

US Central intelligence agency (CIA), The World Factbook (retrieved March 21, 2014; Eurostat, online statistics (retrieved March 21, 2014;

S06 Social safety net protection In your country, to what extent does a formal social safety net provide protection for the general population from economic insecurity in the event of job loss or disability?

4. 3...98 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...1. 9...140 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

4. 0...67 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...5. 4...66 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

4. 3...98 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...1. 9...140 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

4. 0...67 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...5. 4...66 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

3. 4...133 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...2. 2...136 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

3. 6...107 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...3. 8...129 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

4. 1...115 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...1. 2...144 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

2. 9...137 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...4. 8...96 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

4. 6...86 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...3. 3...114 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

3. 0...135 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...6. 1...22 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

4. 9...66 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...3. 3...112 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

4. 5...39 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...5. 7...46 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

6. 6...3 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...5. 5...11 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

4. 3...51 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...5. 8...43 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

5. 0...61 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...4. 4...55 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

4. 8...21 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...6. 5...6 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

4. 3...100 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...3. 7...93 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

4. 3...48 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...5. 7...48 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

5. 8...28 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...5. 4...16 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

4. 7...26 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...4. 1...120 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

4. 2...104 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...3. 2...115 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

3. 5...114 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...4. 4...114 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

6. 1...14 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...5. 0...33 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

4. 5...37 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...6. 1...21 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

4. 6...85 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...4. 9...34 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

4. 1...56 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...6. 0...26 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

4. 4...95 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...3. 8...83 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

3. 9...76 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...5. 8...41 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

4. 0...120 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...3. 7...98 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

3. 6...106 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...4. 0...122 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

5. 6...43 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...4. 4...57 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

4. 3...49 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...6. 1...20 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

6. 1...13 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...5. 4...17 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

3. 2...128 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...6. 1...23 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

5. 0...62 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...3. 6...103 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

3. 3...124 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...5. 1...81 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

4. 1...116 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...3. 1...122 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

3. 3...123 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...3. 9...128 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

2. 9...140 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...1. 9...141 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

3. 2...131 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...4. 6...106 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

4. 5...88 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...3. 2...118 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

3. 2...130 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...4. 7...100 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

4. 5...92 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...2. 9...126 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

4. 0...62 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...5. 0...87 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

6. 7...1 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...5. 6...10 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

5. 1...18 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...5. 2...74 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

4. 4...96 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...3. 7...96 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

4. 1...60 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...5. 2...75 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

3. 2...134 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...1. 8...142 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

2. 8...140 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...3. 2...134 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

6. 3...11 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...5. 3...23 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

5. 0...19 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...5. 5...56 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

5. 0...63 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...4. 4...58 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

4. 5...33 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...5. 0...85 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

5. 8...30 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...4. 0...75 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

3. 8...84 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...2. 7...138 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

5. 8...31 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...4. 7...41 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

4. 3...50 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...6. 2...14 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

4. 8...77 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...3. 6...100 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

3. 8...83 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...4. 7...103 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

4. 9...69 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...4. 0...72 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

3. 3...121 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...6. 5...5 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

2. 4...143 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...4. 1...68 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

4. 7...25 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...6. 0...28 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

5. 9...24 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...4. 4...59 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

3. 7...99 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...5. 8...42 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

4. 7...81 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...5. 4...18 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

4. 5...32 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...4. 8...95 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

5. 6...45 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...3. 8...87 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

4. 2...54 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...4. 9...89 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

4. 2...110 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...3. 5...107 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

3. 9...72 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...2. 4...143 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

4. 1...114 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...3. 9...82 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

3. 7...94 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...3. 7...130 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

5. 7...39 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...4. 8...39 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

5. 0...20 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...6. 2...18 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

4. 3...102 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...3. 5...105 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

3. 3...125 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...4. 9...90 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

6. 5...5 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...6. 1...2 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

5. 8...3 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...6. 7...1 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

5. 4...47 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...5. 0...32 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

4. 0...70 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...4. 6...109 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

4. 9...70 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...3. 3...111 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

3. 7...93 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...5. 5...59 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

4. 9...68 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...3. 9...81 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

4. 4...41 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...5. 8...44 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

4. 9...67 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...3. 1...121 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

4. 7...24 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...5. 9...35 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

5. 3...55 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...4. 8...38 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

4. 8...22 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...5. 5...60 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

4. 4...97 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...3. 9...80 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

3. 9...77 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...3. 9...126 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

2. 8...141 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...3. 7...94 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

3. 4...120 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...5. 3...69 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

6. 0...19 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...3. 7...97 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

4. 4...45 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...4. 9...88 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

3. 6...127 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...1. 9...139 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

3. 0...134 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...5. 5...61 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

4. 8...75 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...3. 7...99 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

3. 8...89 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...4. 9...91 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

4. 2...105 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...2. 3...134 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

2. 7...141 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...5. 3...70 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

5. 7...34 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...3. 0...123 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

4. 1...61 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...4. 7...102 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

6. 5...7 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...6. 0...3 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

5. 8...4 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...5. 7...49 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

4. 8...73 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...4. 4...54 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

3. 4...119 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...6. 2...13 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

4. 0...121 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...4. 3...61 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

4. 7...23 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...6. 5...3 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

4. 3...101 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...4. 3...62 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

4. 0...64 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...4. 0...125 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

5. 1...60 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...4. 5...53 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

4. 2...52 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...4. 6...105 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

3. 8...125 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...3. 6...102 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

3. 2...127 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...3. 9...127 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

3. 0...139 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...4. 7...43 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

5. 1...17 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...6. 1...24 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

6. 0...18 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...4. 5...52 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

4. 0...63 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...3. 4...132 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

4. 4...93 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...3. 8...84 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

2. 5...143 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...5. 6...54 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

5. 3...53 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...5. 0...28 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

3. 6...109 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...5. 5...57 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

5. 7...33 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...5. 5...15 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

5. 3...11 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...5. 1...80 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

5. 2...57 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...4. 7...42 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

4. 6...30 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...5. 0...84 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

4. 2...108 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...3. 8...86 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

4. 5...40 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...5. 3...68 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

5. 3...54 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...4. 6...47 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

4. 1...58 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...3. 0...135 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

3. 9...122 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...3. 7...89 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

3. 1...133 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...4. 4...115 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

5. 4...50 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...4. 0...76 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

3. 6...103 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...5. 2...72 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

3. 7...126 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...3. 0...124 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

3. 8...82 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...4. 5...111 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

4. 8...76 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...3. 9...79 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

3. 5...113 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...5. 2...78 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

5. 2...56 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...4. 3...60 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

4. 4...43 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...5. 9...36 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

5. 8...27 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...3. 5...108 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

2. 9...138 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...2. 6...140 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

3. 5...130 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...2. 6...130 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

3. 9...71 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...5. 2...76 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

2. 7...142 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...2. 0...137 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

2. 9...139 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...2. 4...142 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

4. 2...113 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...4. 1...70 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

4. 7...28 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...5. 7...52 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

6. 0...16 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...6. 0...4 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

5. 6...6 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...6. 2...16 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

5. 3...52 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...4. 5...50 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

4. 6...29 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...5. 6...53 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

4. 0...119 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...2. 5...133 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

3. 1...132 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...4. 5...112 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

4. 8...74 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...4. 0...74 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

3. 6...102 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...5. 7...47 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

5. 7...35 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...5. 5...13 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

5. 2...15 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...5. 4...65 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

3. 9...123 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...2. 6...129 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

3. 7...97 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...2. 5...141 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

6. 3...10 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...5. 0...26 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

4. 0...65 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...5. 6...55 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

3. 1...135 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...1. 9...138 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

2. 6...142 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...4. 4...116 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

6. 1...15 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...5. 2...24 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

4. 5...34 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...6. 3...12 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

5. 6...41 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...4. 8...40 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

3. 9...75 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...4. 7...98 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

3. 8...124 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...3. 2...117 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

4. 0...69 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...6. 1...19 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

4. 3...99 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...2. 7...128 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

3. 8...87 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...5. 9...32 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

4. 2...109 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...4. 0...78 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

4. 4...46 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...5. 8...40 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

5. 6...42 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...4. 5...49 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

4. 3...47 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...5. 4...67 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

4. 6...84 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...3. 2...116 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

3. 6...112 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...4. 4...113 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

3. 5...131 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...2. 2...135 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

2. 9...136 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...2. 9...136 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

5. 7...36 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...4. 8...37 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

3. 9...78 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...5. 8...39 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

4. 2...103 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...3. 4...109 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

3. 5...117 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...4. 1...119 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

4. 7...80 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...5. 2...25 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

5. 2...14 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...5. 7...51 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

6. 7...2 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...5. 9...6 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

5. 8...2 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...6. 0...25 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

4. 8...72 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...4. 1...69 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

3. 6...101 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...5. 2...79 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

4. 8...78 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...4. 2...65 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

3. 2...126 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...2. 8...137 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

6. 4...8 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...5. 7...9 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

5. 3...12 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...5. 4...64 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

5. 9...22 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...5. 5...14 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

4. 5...31 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...6. 3...11 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

4. 8...71 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...4. 5...51 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

3. 4...118 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...2. 7...139 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

6. 2...12 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...5. 0...29 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

4. 2...53 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...5. 2...73 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

5. 6...44 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...4. 1...67 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

3. 9...73 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...4. 9...93 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

5. 8...29 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...4. 8...36 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

3. 7...92 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...4. 0...124 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

5. 5...46 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...4. 6...45 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

3. 8...85 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...4. 6...110 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

5. 4...51 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...4. 9...35 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

3. 6...110 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...6. 0...27 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

4. 2...111 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...4. 6...46 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

3. 9...81 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...6. 5...7 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

4. 9...64 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...5. 8...8 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

4. 0...66 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...6. 0...31 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

6. 3...9 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...5. 9...7 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

5. 7...5 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...6. 4...9 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

4. 5...91 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...3. 6...101 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

3. 8...86 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...4. 8...97 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

4. 0...118 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...3. 7...91 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

4. 0...68 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...4. 6...104 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

4. 7...82 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...4. 0...73 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

5. 5...8 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...5. 9...37 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

6. 0...17 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...5. 0...31 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

4. 5...38 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...5. 4...62 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

4. 8...79 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...3. 5...106 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

4. 1...57 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...4. 7...101 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

4. 2...106 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...3. 3...113 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

3. 6...108 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...5. 5...58 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

4. 5...87 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...4. 0...71 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

4. 1...59 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...4. 6...107 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

4. 1...117 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...3. 1...120 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

3. 8...91 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...5. 0...86 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

6. 6...4 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...6. 0...5 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

6. 1...1 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...5. 7...50 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

5. 9...20 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...3. 8...85 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

3. 9...74 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...5. 9...38 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

2. 2...144 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...3. 7...88 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

4. 2...55 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...6. 6...2 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

6. 5...6 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...6. 4...1 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

4. 5...35 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...6. 0...30 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

4. 2...112 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...4. 2...66 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

3. 6...105 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...5. 0...83 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

5. 8...25 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...4. 4...56 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

3. 8...88 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...6. 2...17 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

5. 1...58 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...3. 0...125 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

3. 3...122 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...6. 2...15 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

4. 9...65 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...4. 0...77 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

3. 9...79 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...5. 3...71 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

5. 8...26 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...5. 4...20 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

5. 2...13 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...5. 8...45 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

5. 9...21 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...5. 4...19 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

5. 6...7 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...5. 9...34 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

5. 7...32 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...5. 4...21 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

5. 4...9 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...5. 9...33 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

4. 4...94 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...3. 1...119 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

3. 7...95 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...4. 6...108 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

4. 2...107 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...3. 5...104 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

3. 6...111 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...4. 7...99 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

5. 7...37 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...5. 0...27 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

3. 7...100 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...4. 1...121 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

3. 5...129 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...2. 6...131 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

3. 2...129 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...4. 9...92 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

5. 7...40 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...3. 7...95 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

3. 7...98 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...5. 4...63 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

3. 5...128 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...3. 7...90 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

3. 8...90 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...3. 3...133 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

5. 7...38 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...4. 6...48 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

4. 4...42 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...4. 0...123 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

4. 6...83 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...3. 7...92 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

3. 9...80 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...3. 6...131 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

3. 0...138 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...2. 9...127 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

3. 6...104 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...4. 4...117 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

5. 9...23 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...5. 5...12 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

5. 4...10 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...6. 4...10 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

4. 5...89 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...5. 3...22 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

5. 2...16 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...5. 1...82 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

5. 4...49 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...5. 0...30 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

4. 4...44 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...4. 2...118 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

5. 4...48 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...4. 2...64 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

4. 7...27 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...6. 5...4 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

4. 5...90 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...2. 6...132 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

2. 3...144 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...5. 2...77 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

3. 5...132 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...3. 3...110 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

3. 5...116 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...4. 8...94 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

3. 0...137 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...1. 4...143 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

3. 7...96 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...2. 3...144 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

5. 1...59 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...4. 7...44 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

4. 5...36 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...6. 0...29 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

3. 1...136 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...4. 3...63 8. 08 Legal rights index, 0 10 (best*..

3. 5...115 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...6. 5...8 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

417 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism...418 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence...

501 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges...502 8. 08 Legal rights index...503 Pillar 9:

2. 4 144 Yemen...2. 3 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism In your country, to what extent does the threat of terrorism impose costs on businesses?

1. 2 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges In your country, how effective are the regulation and supervision of securities exchanges?

World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism In your country, to what extent does the threat of terrorism impose costs on businesses?

This includes debt liabilities in the form of special drawing rights, currency and deposits, debt securities, loans, insurance, pensions and standardized guarantee schemes,

information by senior economists and sovereign-debt analysts at leading global banks and money management and security firms.

World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges In your country, how effective are the regulation and supervision of securities exchanges?

where her responsibilities include managing partnerships including institutional and corporate partnerships and outreach for both competitiveness and risks reports.

and drafting of various reports, including The Global Competitiveness Report and the Global Risks report.

and global risks and is lead author or editor of a number of regional and topical reports and papers, including The Global Competitiveness Report and the Global Risks report series.

Before joining The Global Competitiveness and Benchmarking Network, Dr Drzeniek Hanouz worked with the International Trade Centre (UNCTAD/WTO) in Geneva,

She also works on the World Economic Forum's Global Risks report. Prior to joining the Forum,

Potential risks going forward concern the possible tightening of financial conditions that may follow a normalization of the monetary policy in the United states and other advanced economies


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