Finland

Finland (248)
Finland futures research centre (5)
Finnish association of graduate engineers (10)
Finnish funding agency for technology (5)
Finnish innovation (8)
Finnsight (64)

Synopsis: Finland: Finland:

Experiences from the preparation of an international research program Ville Brummer a, 1, Totti Könnölä b, 2, Ahti Salo a a Systems analysis Laboratory, Helsinki University of Technology, P o box

1100, FIN-02015 TKK, Finland b Institute for Prospective Technological Studies (IPTS), Joint research Centre-European commission, Edificio Expo, C/Inca Garcilaso, s n

the last one involves the deepest mode of collaboration as the 18 partners from eight countries (Austria, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Norway, Sweden,

Drawing upon experiences from earlier collaboration with the Systems analysis Laboratory at Helsinki University of Technology in the development of a Scandinavian co-funded Wood Material Science Research program 16, the project plan for the Woodwisdom

as well as the research team at TKK (Helsinki University of Technology) which was responsible for most activities in the design and implementation of the process (i e.,

Acknowledgements This research has been supported by the Academy of Finland and National Technology agency of Finland. We also wish to thank Dr. Leena Paavilainen for her major contribution to the design of the foresight process.

reflections from the Finnish food and drink industry, Int. J. Foresight Innov. Policy 1 (1)( 2004) 70 88.18 J.,Liesiö, P.,Mild, A.,Salo, Robust Portfolio Modeling with incomplete cost information and project interdependencies, Eur.

2005) is Researcher and doctoral student at the Systems analysis Laboratory of Helsinki University of Technology, with research interests in foresight, decision support systems and strategic decision making.

Previously, he has been Senior researcher at the VTT Technical research Centre of Finland, Researcher at the Systems analysis Laboratory in the Helsinki University of Technology and Expert in Gaia Group Oy

a Finnish sustainability consultancy. He has published in journals such as Journal of Business strategy and the Environment;

and evaluation activities, including the joint foresight project Finnsight 2015 of the Academy of Finland and the National Funding Agency for Technology and Innovation (Tekes),

Finland and Sweden points to the possibility of a‘reformed European socioeconomic model'46,47. b This vision requires an efficient co-ordination of a number of policies,

and interplay between FTA and RA approaches is considered a necessity at VTT Technical research Centre of Finland for being truly innovative

another Finnish team, bring this novel focus on tools further into the interface with policy approaches in their timely paper on the Role of Technology barometer in Assessing Past and Future development of National Innovation system.

Tech. in systems analysis from the Helsinki University of Technology and MSC in environmental economics from the University of Helsinki.

Annele Eerola is a Senior Research scientist of the knowledge center‘Organisations, Networks and Innovation systems'at VTT Technical research Centre of Finland.

She holds a Phd from the Helsinki Swedish School of economics and Business administration. Her Lic. Tech. and M. Sc. degrees are from Helsinki University of Technology.

Totti Könnölä1 Institute for Prospective Technological Studies (IPTS), JRC-European commission, Edificio Expo, C/Inca Garcilaso, 3, E-41092 Seville, Spain Corresponding author.

totti. konnola@ec. europa. eu. Jack Smith Defence RD, Ottawa, Canada Annele Eerola VTT Technical research Centre of Finland, Espoo, Finland 1

Integrating future-oriented technology analysis and risk assessment methodologies Raija Koivisto, Nina Wessberg, Annele Eerola, Toni Ahlqvist, Sirkku Kivisaari, Jouko Myllyoja, Minna Halonen VTT Technical research Centre of Finland

, FI-33101 Tampere, Finland a r t i c l e i n f o a b s t r a c t Article history:

VTT Technical research Centre of Finland, P o box 1300, FI-33101 Tampere, Finland. Tel.:++358 20 722 3272.

The authors'involvement in technology assessments studies commissioned by the Parliament of Finland, development of proactive risk assessment methodologies for different corporate risk management purposes (identiffyin the vulnerability of corporate and process actions, managing the risks in occupational, industrial and environmental safety, managing business risks, etc.),

Group (Cofi) of Åbo Akademi Finland and VTT Technical research Centre of Finland financed by the Finnish funding agency for technology and Innovation (TEKES.

as a result of the method development. 3 3. 3. Climate change adaptation and risk assessment (CES) A joint project concerning the climate change adaptation in Finland

The case study focuses on the hydropower plants in the Kemijoki region of northern Finland. A generic model of the risk assessment procedure, applicable within the Nordic countries, will initially be framed.

practices on the basis of European experience, VTT Research Notes, vol. 2174,2002,(in Finnish, abstract in English;

Innorisk-project, www. vtt. fi/innorisk, Managing Opportunities, Risk and Uncertainties in New Business Creation Working Report, VTT Technical research Centre of Finland, Tampere

, 2008.30 T. Ahlqvist, VTT Backpocket Roadmap, Instructions for VTT's Personnel, Espoo, Finland, 2007.31 L. Winer, Definitions of SWOTS,,

ISPIM, 2008.37 R. Molarius, N. Wessberg, J. Keränen, J. Schabel, Creating a climate change risk assessment procedure hydropower plant case, Finland,

She graduated in Helsinki University of Technology and holds a Phd from Helsinki Swedish School of economics and Business administration

He holds a Phd in human geography from the University of Turku, Finland. Dr. Sirkku Kivisaari works as Senior Research scientist in VTT.

and Process engineering from the University of Oulu, Finland. Minna Halonen (MSC) has been working as Research scientist at VTT Technical research Centre of Finland since 2004.

She graduated in applied geography from the University of Rome La Sapienza in 2003. Her main research interests concern technology foresight, service research and sustainable development. 1176 R. Koivisto et al./

Toni Ahlqvist b, Pekka Pellinen c a VTT Technical research Centre of Finland, Vuorimiehentie 5, Espoo 1000, FIN-02044 VTT, Finland b VTT

Technical research Centre of Finland, Itäinen Pitkäkatu 4, Turku 106,20521 Turku, Finland c The Finnish association of graduate engineers TEK, Ratavartijankatu 2, 00520 Helsinki, Finland a r t

Finland is among the countries improving her position in worldwide performance comparisons since the late 1990s and reached leading nations in early 2000s.

2. Finland has improved her positionamong developed nations according to several internationalperformance comparisons since the latter part of 1990s,

In conjunction with the reform of the Finnish information society strategy, the knowledge society is defined as one where knowledge

The reference group used in the first three implementation rounds consisted of Denmark, Finland, Germany, Japan, The netherlands, Sweden,

According to this index figure Finland rates as second after Sweden in Technology barometer 2007. In the same way other combined composite indicators determine Finland's proportional rating compared to the reference group countries in different areas of technology barometer (the content of Technology barometer 2007 is presented in Appendix B

). Besides the indicator-based comparative analysis the technology barometer includes a forward-looking survey of future expectations of relevant target groups.

When assessing societies by information society indicators the Nordic countries particularly Finland and Sweden excel (Fig. 2). This is partly explained by vigorous investments in the development of intellectual capital.

According to the indicators of sustainable development Sweden, Denmark and The netherlands proved to be leading of the rated economies followed by Finland.

Fig. 3 below is a synthesizing presentation of Finland's position according to the 2007 barometer

The indicators depicting below-average position of Finland are located below the centre line. The weakest partial area proved to be the exploitation of ICT.

which a sample was gathered from six senior secondary schools located in different parts of Finland. The respondents

altogether Fig. 3. Positioning Finland in technology barometer 2007: Figure sets out Finland's above-average or below-average rating in comparison to the reference group (the y axis),

and whether any improvement or deterioration has taken place (the x axis) in comparison to the previous survey.

The third group Politicians consists of members of the Finnish Parliament's Committee for the Future, provincial leaders,

The fourth group of respondents, that of Company Executives, was formed from one hundred of the largest Finnish companies measured in terms of their product development investments.

According to the results, the Finnish politicians are consistently more optimistic than professional engineers or company executives about the country's techno-economic development.

what will be the content of knowledge-intensive jobs retained by Finland in future and how should Finland direct

and develop the role of knowledge-intensive work, educational and R&d investment on an extensive basis,

According to PISA comparisons Finland has been successful in basic education and this was indicated also in results of survey study.

the technology barometer has proven to be capable of casting additional light on bottlenecks and problem areas within the national innovation environment in Finland.

has generated a vivid national discussion of the strengths and weaknesses as well as the future directions of the Finnish economy and innovation system.

In Finland, the sectoral research system of government administrations will be renewed, underscoring the following four topics: regional and community structures and infrastructures;

Moreover, the process of developing Finnish national strategic centres for science, technology and innovation is underway in the technology fields with future importance for businesses and the society.

Young people's interest in certain professions 4. 3. Knowledge society development 4. 3. 1. Opinions regarding the standard of research and technical development in Finland 4. 3. 2

, Tekniikan Akateemisten Liitto TEK ry, Artprint Oy, Helsinki, 2004.4 M. Naumanen, Technology barometer, The Finnish association of graduate engineers TEK, Painomerkki Oy, Helsinki, 2004.5 M. Naumanen

Tekniikan Akateemisten Liitto TEK, Painotalo Miktor, Helsinki, 2007.7 O. Lehtoranta, P. Pesonen, T. Ahlqvist, E. Mononen, T. Loikkanen, Technology barometer 2007

Instrument for Measuring Citizens'Attitudes and the Nation's Orientation towards a Knowledge-based Society, The Finnish association of graduate engineers TEK, Painotalo Miktor, Helsinki, 2007.8 D. Bell, The Coming Post-Industrial Society:

He holds A m. Sc. in economics from Helsinki University. Toni Ahlqvist is a Senior Research scientist

He holds a Phd in human geography from the University of Turku, Finland. Pekka Pellinen is the Head of the Technology policy Department of the Finnish association of graduate engineers TEK.

In Finland, a national foresight reporting mechanism has been institutionalized, requiring the Prime ministers Office to release one report per electoral period addressing a range of long-term issues.

The institutional arrangements in Finland are trend-setting in this regard in particular because Finland involves a modus of interaction between government and parliament.

Several studies point to the need of central coordination and a high political backing, ideally at cabinet level or head of government level,

Finland begins to invest in nanotechnology for paper processing (a major contributor to the Finnish economy.

The accident with the Finnish worker opens up nano governance once again and a number of lines of R&d grind to a halt pending further investigation.

One example, Finland begins to invest in nanotechnology for paper processing (a major contributor to the Finnish economy) Anticipatory coordination and lock in:

in Finland, sunken investments enable further development (but create constraints later on in the scenario). Focused investments included nanofiltration (for effluent treatment), nanocoatings (for pigment and texture) and nanodiagnostics (for monitoring quality) and nanocharacterisation (for deeper understanding of paper materials.

Other governments look at Finland's targeted explorations and developments in nanotechnology for the paper sector Lock in as path enabling:

Finland should focus resources on what is most beneficial for us. Other national governments look with envy at the rapidity of developments of the targeted nano programmes of Finland.

Early experiments and high profile projects such as Nano Jury UK and other engagement exercises lead to the inclusion of engagement programmes in technology R&d programmes to inform

Further diagnostics reveal nanoparticulate aggregation directly linked with the Finnish paper mill (specificity of tailored nanoparticles enables the identification of source of particle) Trigger creating window of opportunity for repositioning and realignment of nanotechnology governance:

The Finnish case sparks of a chain of enquiries into nano-regulation, and a number of lines of R&d grind to a halt pending further investigation Finnish case triggers a temporary moratorium:

because of huge sunk investment Finland begins to suffer..Finnish economy begins to suffer due to the high sunk investments into nanotechnology based infrastructure.

Public outcry as consumer organisations identify major issues in a number of sectors which could hold potential risk with no protection for the consumer (the house of cards collapses) Window of opportunity for selectors:

While in the annotated scenario, the Finnish worker case, and some of the actions and reactions given are contingent,

the emergence of windows of opportunity for action (stemming from the Finnish worker case being part of the coevollutio of emerging nanotechnology options in paper production and risk and regulation landscape),

a joint foresight exercise that took place in Finland and that would provide inputs for the country's national strategy,

foster collaboration between the two main funding agencies the Academy of Finland and the Finnish funding agency for technology and Innovation (Tekes) and promote foresight and innovation activities at large.

which was driven by the recognition that Finland is strongly dependent on global developments. The objective of encouraging other actors of the R&i system to initiate foresight activities has lead to many spinoof activities,

In particular, Finnish and other Nordic foresight communities have analysed and utilised foresight from this perspective (Eerola et al. 2004;

, Helsinki University of Technology, PO BOX 1100, FI-02015 TKK, Finland b Institute for Prospective Technological Studies of the Joint research Centre of the European commission, Edificio Expo, C

8 november 2009,987 1001 Axes of balance in foresight reflections from Finnsight 20151 Ahti Saloa*,Ville Brummera and Totti Könnöläb asystems Analysis Laboratory, Helsinki University

of Technology, PO BOX 1100, FI-02015 TKK, Finland; binstitute for Prospective Technological Studies of the Joint research Centre of the European commission, Edificio Expo, C/Inca Garcilaso, 3, E-41092 Seville, Spain In 2005, the Finnish Government

took a decision in principle on the structural development of the public research system. This decision spurred the two main funding agencies theacademy of Finland

and the Finnish funding agency for technology and Innovation (Tekes) to carry out Finnsight 2015, a joint foresight exercise that would provide inputs to this strategy,

the national foresight exercise of the Academy of Finland and the Finnish funding agency for technology and Innovation (Tekes), which served to inform albeit indirectly the development of the national strategy and the attendant implementation of several Strategic Centres of Excellence in Science and Technology.

Finland has had an active and varied foresight scene, characterised by numerous activities that have been initiated by several key actors of the R&i system (see, e g.

the Finnish Agency for Technology and Innovation (Tekes) has catalysed extensive consultation processes with researchers and industrialists in its strategy developmmen (Salo and Salmenkaita 2002;

for example, once during the electoral period, the Government produces a report on some salient aspects of the future of Finland.

because Finland is a small country: thus, some results from even seemingly isolated foresight activities can be brought to bear on policy making even in the absence of formal coordination,

and Technology policy Council of Finland (STPC) should develop by the end June 2006 a national strategy for establishing Strategic Centres of Excellence in Research and Innovation.

In effect, the Government's decision ascribed new tasks to the Academy of Finland and Tekes.

the President of the Academy of Finland, and Veli-Pekka Saarnivaara, the General Director of Tekes agreed that they would launch a joint foresight exercise

Information and communications) were driven partly by the comparatively strong global positiio of Finland while others (e g.

it was imperative to achieve a proper balance in addressing the Downloaded by University of Bucharest at 05:11 03 december 2014 Axes of balance in foresight 991 intertwined components of research (of key concern to the Academy of Finland and innovation

and six industriaalist onto each panel (whereby the Academy of Finland would propose the researchers and Tekes the industrialists).

At this stage, the panel chairmen were invited to comment on the lists of prospective candidates that had been prepared by the Academy of Finland and Tekes.

so that the other panellists could evaluate the focus areas with regard to (i) current level of expertise in Finland

At the first of these meetings, the President of the Academy of Finland and the General Director of Tekes presented the objectives of Finnsight to the panel chairmen who could pose questions of clarification

and economic crisis of 2008 09) was driven by the recognition that Finland is strongly dependent on global developments, due to its relatively small size and the structure of its economy.

The panel reports were published on 13 june 2006 in the Auditorium of the Museum of Contempporar Art (Kiasma) in central Helsinki.

which contained numerous proposals towards the development of the Finnish research and innovation system (STPC 2006).

Within the two funding agencies, the Academy of Finland and Tekes Finnsight has served to inform their respective strategies.

In view of citations, Finnsight has served also as a source of information for various regional and organisational strategy processes in Finland.

and 88%thought that Finnsight will be important to the development of the Finnish R&i system.

Notes on contributors Ahti Salo is a professor at the Systems analysis Laboratory of the Helsinki University of Technology.

Ville Brummer is a researcher at the Systems analysis Laboratory of the Helsinki University of Technology.

and may not in any circumstances be regarded as stating an official position of the European commission. 2. The Academy of Finland is comparable to the US National science Foundation

See http://www. tekes. fi/en/community/Home/351/Home/473 for details. 4. The funding decisions of the Academy of Finland are taken by external scholars (usually university professors) who serve on its councils

Basic conceptions and visions of the regional foresight system in Finland. Foresight 4, no. 6: 34 45.

Developments in parliamentary technology assessment in Finland. Science and Public policy 28, no. 6: 453 64. Salo, A,

reflections from the Finnish food and drink industry. International Journal of Foresight and Innovation policy 1, no. 1 2: 70 88.

Helsinki: Ministry of Education. http://www. minedu. fi/export/sites/default/OPM/Tiede/tutkimus-ja innovaationeuvosto/TTN/julkaisut/liitteet/Review 2006. pdf?

reflections from the Finnish food and drink industry, International Journal of Foresight and Innovation policy 1 (1 2)( 2009) 70 88.27 T. Ko nno la, V

An early example of this concept was the Finnish Governments knowledge cluster programme of the mid-1990s.

f Commissioned by the Finnish Government. g A FP5 IST Thematic Network (2002 2005) coordinated by JRC-IPTS and managed in collaboration with DG Information society. h Commissioned by JRC-IPTS.

The first one was an internal foresight project in VTT Technical research Centre of Finland. The key foci of the VTT Water Research Roadmap were the creative combination of wide-ranging water related issues at VTT as well as the generation of new R&d initiatives.

reflections from the Finnish food and drink industry, International Journal of Foresight and Innovation policy 1 (1 2)( 2004) 70 88.11 O. Helmer, Looking Forward:

lang=2&oiid=8661&pid=572 (2009-11-10). 20 Finnish Foresight Forum (in Finnish), available at:

A knowledge-based perspective A. Eerola A i. Miles b a VTT Technical research Centre of Finland, Espoo, Finland b Manchester Institute of Innovation research, Manchester united Kingdom 1

The tool is developed by the Finnish company Fountain Park. 5 Another tool for using weak signals in organizations is called the Futures Windows 5, in

while retaining the current standard of living in Finland. Four scenarios were constructed by looking back to the present from the future state of 2050 The main purpose in using the scenario approach was not to predict

Backcasting scenarios for Finland 2050 of low emissions Sirkka Heinonen and Ville Lauttama ki Abstract Purpose The objective of this paper is to present an example on how futures studies methodologies,

progression and the results of the backcasting exercise of the Finnish Prime minister's Office. Findings The backcasting methodology

Keywords Delphi method, Environmental politics, Government policy, Scenario planning, Sustainable development, Strategic planning, Forecasting Paper type Case study Introduction Since the 1990s each new Finnish government has prepared a comprehensive foresight report

In 2008-2009 The Finnish Prime minister's Office coordinated the construction of the government foresight report on climate and energy policy (Prime minister's Office, 2009.

and paths that would lead Finland to PAGE 304 jforesight j VOL. 14 NO. 4 2012,

and Ville Lauttama ki is a Researcher, both at the Finland futures research centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland. low-carbon society by the year 2050.

and energy strategy for Finland 1. The time horizon in the climate and energy strategy was 2020,

B Population of Finland is assumed to grow from the current 5. 3 million to 5. 7 million by 2050.

B Finnish economy will grow markedly by 2050, but the structure of the economy can change.

B Finns'values towards measures for environmental conservation will change to a favourable direction and preparedness to take action to restrict emissions will increase.

B Climate change will alter the conditions in Finland by 2050: the need for heating energy will diminish

and 2. growing interest towards backcasting scenarios had been shown in Finland, but very few exercises have actually been carried out.

such as how much inconvenience the Finns are ready to accept in exchange for more sustainable future, were asked.

the imaginary phase (futures wheel), systematic phase (futures table) and explanatory phase (drafting an array of scenarios for sustainable Finland 2050.

regarding to climate change mitigation as well as a variety of futures visions of sustainable Finland. This material was used as building blocks for the next phase of the exercise,

These three sectors constitute the majority of the energy use in Finland: industry (50 per cent), heating of buildings (21 per cent), transport (17 per cent) and miscellaneous uses (13 per cent)( Statistics Finland, 2009.

During the scenario process no significant new energy uses outside these sectors were thought to emerge by 2050.

(what a small country such as Finland does, has no effect on the global problem; therefore it does not make sense to burden oneself with trying), scattered community structure, motoring as every man's right,

There were also positive factors in the Finnish society that favour the attainment of the climate policy goals.

These included the Finn's close relationship to nature and a genuine will of most members of society to work for the environment, obedience of the law, good technological know-how, abundant resources of biofuels and the infrastructure from forest to industry already in place (as a heritage from paper and pulp industry),

as well as the fact that Finns are accustomed already to recycling their waste. After the work assigned for the FFRC was agreed finished as,

The Committee had its own analyses of the Finnish climate policy made on three aspects:

remarked on that occasion that it was a major breakthrough achievement to have committed Finland to reducing its emissions to a sustainable level by at least 80 per cent from the 1990 level by 2050.

Finland of low emissions 2050. The measures and steps for reaching that goal will continue to be under debate.

kohti va ha pa a sto ista Suomea, Parliament Report by the Committee for the Future, Helsinki (in Finnish.

Lauttama ki, V. and Heinonen, S. 2010), Va ha isten pa a sto jen Suomi 2050.

Tulevaisuuden tutkimuskeskus, Turun yliopisto, TUTU-e-julkaisuja 8/2010 (in Finnish with an English abstract), available at:

Towards a Low-carbon Finland, Prime minister's Office Publication 30/2009, available at: www. vnk. fi/julkaisukansio/2009/j28-ilmasto-selonteko-j29-klimat-framtidsredogoerelse-j30-climate /pdf/en. pdf (accessed 20 december 2011.

Statistics Finland (2009),‘Final energy consumption by sector 2008'',available at: www. stat. fi/til/ehkh/2008/04/ehkh 2008 04 2009-03-24 kuv 017 en. html (accessed 20 december 2011.

Assessment of the Foresight report on Long-term Climate and Energy Policy'',Prime minister's Office, Helsinki, Prime minister's Office Publications 3/2011, available at:

Valtioneuvoston kanslian raporttisarja 4/2011 (in Finnish), available at: www. vnk. fi/julkaisukansio/2011/r04-05-06-tulevaisuusselonteko-suosituksia/PDF/fi. pdf (accessed 20 december 2011.

About the authors Sirkka Heinonen holds a Doctor's degree in Philosophy from Helsinki University. She is Professor of Futures research at the Finland futures research centre, University of Turku.

Previously she was a Chief Research scientist at the Technical research Centre of Finland (VTT. Her expertise is concerned with futures research, sustainable development, technology foresight, energy and environment,

He has worked on a number of futures-oriented research and development projects with several Finnish ministries and security organisations and in several EU-funded research projects.

and present four case studies of road mapping projects from the Technical research Centre of Finland (VTT). How to forecast technologies that depend mainly on discontinuous advances?

Merenneidontie 24 D, 02320, Espoo, Finland Published online: 28 aug 2012. To cite this article: Ilkka Tuomi (2012) Foresight in an unpredictable world, Technology analysis & Strategic management, 24:8, 735-751, DOI:

Merenneidontie 24 D, 02320 Espoo, Finland Unpredictability has two main sources: epistemic uncertainty and ontological unpredictability.

He has a Phd in adult education (knowledge management) and MSC in theoretical physics, both from University of Helsinki.

Helsinki: Metaxis. Tuomi, I. 2002. Networks of innovation: Change and meaning in the age of the Internet.

constructing organisational capacities in roadmapping projects at VTT Technical research Centre of Finland Toni Ahlqvist a, Minna Halonen a, Annele Eerola a, Sirkku Kivisaari a, Johanna Kohl a, Raija Koivisto

a, Jouko Myllyoja a & Nina Wessberg a a VTT Technical research Centre of Finland; Itäinen Pitkäkatu 4, 20521, Turku, Finland Published online:

28 aug 2012. To cite this article: Toni Ahlqvist, Minna Halonen, Annele Eerola, Sirkku Kivisaari, Johanna Kohl, Raija Koivisto, Jouko Myllyoja & Nina Wessberg (2012) Systemic transformation, anticipatory culture

constructing organisational capacities in roadmapping projects at VTT Technical research Centre of Finland, Technology analysis & Strategic management, 24:8, 821-841, DOI:

constructing organisational capacities in roadmapping projects at VTT Technical research Centre of Finland Toni Ahlqvist*,Minna Halonen, Annele Eerola, Sirkku Kivisaari, Johanna Kohl, Raija Koivisto

, Jouko Myllyoja and Ninawessberg VTT Technical research Centre of Finland; Itäinen Pitkäkatu 4, 20521 Turku, Finland This article suggests that,

in the current interlinked innovation meta-system, research and technollog organisations (RTOS) would benefit from developing two systemic capacities:

In this article, we explore the questions of systemic transformations and the building of an anticipaator culture in the context of VTT Technical research Centre of Finland.

We explore the questions of systemic transformations in the context of Finnish RTO, namely VTT Technical research Centre of Finland,

e g. in a novel way to characterise building services Catalysing a new bedrock for building services in Finland by stating the VTT state-of-the-art in research New enabling technologies were identified,

It also endorsed a view of VTT as a key player in service research in Finland and in Europe.

opportunities and challenges Markets for new services and service providers in the field Capacities and methods for creating new knowledge in the network Endorsed a view of VTT as a key player in service research both in Finland and Europe

and information security), on the layer of four Nordic countries (Finland, Sweden, Norway, and Denmark) and on the layer of the Nordic region as a strategic entirety.

and compare the implications of the ICT applications in four Nordic countries (Denmark, Finland, Norway, and Sweden).

Knowledge Key systemic capacities space Description associated with the space Forms of project knowledge Strategy Assessing the implications of the ICT applications in four Nordic countries (Denmark, Finland, Norway,

Acknowledgements Toni Ahlqvist wishes to thank the Academy of Finland (grant SA132628) for the financial support for this work.

Currently, he works as a postdoctoral researcher at the Academy of Finland. His current research focusses on socio-spatial transformations induced by science, technology, and innovation policies.

She holds a Phd from Helsinki Swedish School of economics and Businessadministration and Lic. Tech Degree from Helsinki University of Technology.

Sirkku Kivisaari works as a senior scientist at VTT. Her educational background is in business management.

Helsinki: VTT Publications, Edita Prima Oy. Ahlqvist, T.,H. Carlsen, J. Iversen, and E. Kristiansen. 2007b.

VTT, Tampere In Finnish. Paiho, S.,T. Ahlqvist, E. Lehtinen, J. Laarni, K. Sipilä, P. Ala-Siuru,

Edita, Helsinki In Finnish. Petrick, I. J, . and A e. Echols. 2004. Technology roadmapping in review:

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