National, sectoral and technological innovation systems: The case of Taiwanese pharmaceutical biotechnology and agricultural biotechnology innovation systems (1945 2000) Chao-chen Chung1 1manchester Business school, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9pl, UK.
Present address: 10f.7, No. 57, Ln. 136, Xuefu Rd. Tamsui Dist.,New Taipei City 251, Taiwan (R. O. C.;
Moreover, since the government of the ROC moved its central governnmen from China to Taiwan in 1949,
and moved their pharmacies from China to Taiwan, did Taiwan start to use Chinese herbal medicines.
the governmeen of the ROC lost its battles with the Chinese Communist party in China. In 1949, the Chinese Communist party successfully set up the central governnmen of the People's republic of china (PRC) in Beijing, China.
In the same year, the central governmeen of the ROC was moved to Taipei, Taiwan. 4. The Chinese have used herbs as medicines and health food for five thousand years.
Kaohsiung Medical University and China Medical University. 7. The majority of universities doing pharmaceutical research were the public universities.
The need to transform current systems is heightened by emerging global trends, in particular democratic crises in many societies worldwide, the growing political and economic power of Brazil, Russia, India and China,
Additional contributions came from Japan, France, Germany, China and others. Beyond these institutional and, in some respects, top-down examples of international science cooperation, the vast majority of international linkages have been initiated by individual scientists on an ad hoc basis. 2. 2 Contemporary international science cooperation
Whilst several countries such as Brazil, China and India are making rapid progress (Royal Society 2011
The fourth driver is the rising living standards in the BRIC countries (Brazil, Russia, India and China.
close co-operation with China on foresight) Horizontal co-ordination Cross-feeding of research teams was encouraged by assessment of submitted issues
Brazil, India and China: What can we learn from three different approaches?''Working Paper SLPTMD (Department of International Development, University of Oxford.<
< Back - Next >
Overtext Web Module V3.0 Alpha
Copyright Semantic-Knowledge, 1994-2011