science, technology and innovation policies give the thematic portfolio of a country or region a greater weight again and pay more attention to long-term perspectives.
and implementation Vienna is the key centre for science and research in Austria as well as in the wider central European area to
in order to keep pace with the international developments in science, technology and innovation, with new employment patterns and with the need to further upgrade research and innovation performance.
Function Time lag Targeted and/or unintended impact Informing Immediate Increased recognition of a topic area Awareness of science,
application potential of science and technology; Fast second mover: exploitation in the focus; Multi-centric excellence:
Vienna as a centre of science. 3. 2. From fragmentation to strategic action:‘‘Wien denkt Zukunft'Following this preparatory phase,
3) Science and society;(4) Urban development for research. Downloaded by University of Bucharest at 05:10 03 december 2014 Trade-offs between policy impacts of future-oriented analysis 959 Panel 1 FTI in business Integrative concept for RTI-strategy Panel
report Public Forum Panel 2 Focus on research Panel 3 Science and Panel 4 Urban Panel report Panel report RTI-strategy Vienna Analysis of RTI
6) Rate of female researchers in the business sector is to increase by 100 per cent. 4. 2. Five main challenges A cross-panel analysis revealed five main challenges that would need to be tackled until 2015
to pursue successful careers as scientists and researchers. 2) Enhancing RTI quality and visibility with respect to international competition for investors.
Various activities will serve to improve the prospects and conditions for highly qualified young scientists,
Further improvement of working conditions for scientists and creative individuals is called for by providing local networks as breeding grounds for invention and creativity.
(1 Under the title of a‘Keynote Programme'for the specific fields of research in the humanities, the social and cultural sciences (on the side of the already well established programmes for Downloaded by University of Bucharest at 05:10 03 december 2014 Trade-offs
Under the slogan‘Vienna research in dialogue',the City will address essential contemporary and future issues in the field of science, research and technology.
and contributed to raising the awareness of science, technology and innovation among different players that are primarily dealing with other issues.
He has been working for many years as scientist and policy advisor on matters of RTI policy, at regional, national as well as at European level.
Paper presented at the 40th Anniversary Conference of SPRU,‘The Future of Science, Technology and Innovation policy:
Scholars of science and technology studies (STS) have called attention Downloaded by University of Bucharest at 05:10 03 december 2014 974 S. Jenssen to the specific qualities of foresight
science and innovation. 7 Expectations embrace both the possiblle probable and the highly unlikely, and thus address the uncertainty of the future.
and of power. 7. The sociology of expectations is influenced by Science and Technology studies (STS) and Actor-Network-theory (ANT),
and guidance literature interact with research areas of science and technology studies (STS), especially regarding insights about the relationships between‘given facts and future values'.
The sociology of expectations in science and technology. Technology analysis and Strategic management 18, no. 3/4: 285 98.
a sociology of prospective techno-science. Burlington, VT: Ashgate. Burt, G. 2007. Towards a research agenda for environment, learning and foresight.
In Interfaces between science and society, ed. A. Guimarães Pereira, S. Guedesvaz and S. Tognetti, 100 17.
European Science Foundation. http://www. costa22. org/articles. php (accessed June 2009. Garfinkel, H. 1967.
National Institute of Science and Technology policy, Japan. www. nistep. go. jp/achiev/ftx/eng/mat077e/html/mat0771e. html (accessed September 2009.
the need for reflexivity and learning at the interface between science and society. International Journal of Foresight and Innovation policy 1: 150 67.
the art and science of anticipating the future. Newyork: Routledge. Loveridge, D, . and P. Street. 2005.
Foresight in science and technology policy co-ordination. Futures 31, no. 6: 527 45. Rask, M. 2008.
a sociology of prospective techno-science, ed. N. Brown, B. Rappert, and A. Webster, 229 49.
One can thereby take advantage of wide availability of rich science and technology publication and patent abstract databases to better inform technology management.
Of particular note to FTA, the great science and technology (S&t) databases cover a significant portion of the world's research output.
In addition, many researchers share information via the Internet (e g.,, physicists increasingly post their papers at arxiv. org.
In the past this typically meant that a researcher or analyst requested topical information from an information professional who sifted through the sources.
In our SOFC example, we use R&d publication abstract records from the Science Citation Index (SCI) and INSPEC,
The resulting information for btech miningq consists primarily of science and technology (S&t) publication and patent abstract records.
and conference research papers gathered from the Science Citation Index and INSPEC, and 9724 patent family records from DWPI.
researchers, technologists, and some managers (e g.,, occasional users of the databases and analytical tools! decision-makers (e g.,
One would think that scientists, engineers, and technology managers would naturally pursue empirical means to manage R&d and its transition into effective innovations.
researchers strongly prefer peer judgment to bibliometrics. The technical community has a deep distrust of metrics.
Researchers usually mine the literature to find a few bnuggetsq that speak closely to their interests.
It can uncover patterns that reflect competitor strategies 9. It can also enable researchers and R&d managers to gain a global perspective on entire bodies of research.
, identifying an active researcher on a particular topic.!Technology Forecasting QTIP can provide empirical measures for certain trend analyses to support growth model fitting
Particularly for academic researchers, we have an inclination to say bwe can deliver a fine analysis;
An additional script profiles the leading researchers at each of the btop 3+Georgia Techq American universities in the SOFC domain.
and notes that Georgia Tech has collaborated recently with a key researcher at one of the other universities.
He notes that we have left out a key Georgia Tech SOFC researcher who leads many sponsored research projects on
Provide each researcher, development engineer, project manager, intellectual property analyst, etc. with direct, desktop access to a couple of most useful S&t information databases.!
The Quest for Knowledge Visualization, Springer, London, 2003.13 R. M. Shiffrin, K. Borner, Mapping knowledge domains, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 101 (Suppl. 1)( 2004
which served to inform albeit indirectly the development of the national strategy and the attendant implementation of several Strategic Centres of Excellence in Science and Technology.
the Finnish Agency for Technology and Innovation (Tekes) has catalysed extensive consultation processes with researchers and industrialists in its strategy developmmen (Salo and Salmenkaita 2002;
Finally, the Decision stated that the Science and Technology policy Council of Finland (STPC) should develop by the end June 2006 a national strategy for establishing Strategic Centres of Excellence in Research and Innovation.
to ensure that the exercise would tap the expertise of leading researchers and industrialists, and that its results would build on broad enough a basis to ensure credibility
words, exemplifyyin relevant scientific disciplines and associated technologies, as well as some domains of their potential application in industry and society.
Apart from covering economic and some other sciences (as a topic of scientific inquiry in their own right), this panel was ascribed a horizontal role
Materials) were linked to rapid advances in generic sciences and their application. Second, a deliberate decision was taken not to establish panels based on traditional industry clusters
The balanced composition of the panels was ensured by appointing researchers and six industriaalist onto each panel (whereby the Academy of Finland would propose the researchers and Tekes the industrialists).
Towards this end, both funding agencies generated lists of prospective panellists who were approached by the Core group after coordinating discussions.
the STPC took steps towards the establishment of Strategic Centres for Science, Technology and Innovation7 in fields that are important to the future of Finnish society and business and industry.
when the Government took decisions towards the implementation of a national strategy in which the establishment of Strategic Centres of Science,
Ville Brummer is a researcher at the Systems analysis Laboratory of the Helsinki University of Technology.
Foresight in science: picking the winners. London: Dover. Kaivo-oja, J.,J. Marttinen, and J. Varelius. 2002.
priority-setting in science. London: Pinter. Rask, M. 2008. Foresight balancing between increasing variety and productive convergence.
Science and Public policy 28, no. 6: 453 64. Salo, A, . and J.-P. Salmenkaita. 2002.
Science, technology, innovation. Helsinki: Ministry of Education. http://www. minedu. fi/export/sites/default/OPM/Tiede/tutkimus-ja innovaationeuvosto/TTN/julkaisut/liitteet/Review 2006. pdf?
Introduction From priority-setting to societal challenges in future-oriented technology analysis Future-oriented technology analysis (FTA) is derived a term from a collective description given to the range of technology-oriented forecasting methods and practices by a group of futures researchers and practitioners
Science & Technology policy Planning Network (ASTPP), Frauenhofer Institute, Systems and Innovation research, Karlsruhe, 1999.7 L. Mermet, T. Fuller, R. van der Helm, Reexamining
MBS, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9pl, UK Jennifer Cassingena Harper Malta Council for Science and Technology, Villa Bighi, Bighi, Kalkara
, Breslauer Straße 48,76139 Karlsruhe, Germany d CNAM, 292 rue Saint-martin, 75003 Paris, France e Dept of Science, Technology,
evidence-based policy and academic disciplines such as Innovation studies and Science and Technology studies 2. A number of classifications have been developed distinguishing types of Foresight with respect to approach, context and purpose 3
Advancing Foresight methodologies funded by the European Science foundation; see: http://www. costa22. org/./8 Forsociety was one of the Era nets in the FP6.
which employ researchers, manage infrastructures; they produce, disseminate and transfer knowledge. Each one of these three arenas functions in the context of a specific institutional arrangement.
Similarly, regions for instance those hosting the most active science clusters have also a word to say in European research matters.
/Futures 43 (2011) 232 242 234 with extensive formal and informal consultation of stakeholders including scientists and research organisations.
He suggests no longer considering the entirety of‘science'as such, expecting one general type of Knowledge dynamics (reaching from science to innovation) and one unique set of appropriate supportive public policies.
On the contrary one can assume that dynamics are differentiated depending on fields and sectors 43. The first component of field configuration relates to Knowledge dynamics building on Bonaccorsi's initial proposal
which has distinguished three abstract properties explaining differences between science-led areas. Growth. The rate of growth differs widely between fields.
According to the‘World of Science'the average yearly growth of publications is around 1, %while e g. genomics has been growing for the last 10 years at 8,
In fields that are established (with a dominant design or in‘normal science'under a given paradigm),
-or multidiscipllinarit for frontier science, one has analysed the need for inter-institutional linkages for problem-solving knowledge (collaborations between university and industry or between researchers and clinicians,..
which all refer to the need a researcher faces to develop collaborations in order to produce results.
For technological research as for scientific research, complementarities will refer to the need a researcher faces to develop collaborations in order to produce results.
Moreover, the combined analysis of scientific and technological knowledge brings a more original outcome in the sense that it provides an adequate framework for analysing researchers'coactivity,
The two strings of co-activity (scientific authorship by corporate researchers and patented invention by academics) can be analysed as linkages between the scientific networks (formed by authors)
plant genomics is based a science discipline where industrial companies play a major part, which means that it is regulated by a firm IPR regime. 5. 1. 1. GMP:
from 1996 to 2006) is compared with the changes occurring in‘‘all science''(50%over the same period),‘agricultural and biological sciences''(30),
plant genomics development is based a science activity led by industrial companies. This domain displays a strong institutional (i e. inter sectoral) complementarity between industry and academia.‘‘
of citations within cluster Platform cited within scientific publications Words network Number of words Persons network Number of persons Academic patenting Industrial publications Co-active researchers'collaborations
One DG RTD service is specifically in charge of translating nano policy objectives into research programmes,‘‘Nano-and converging Sciences and Technologies''.
Research in the domain of N&n is driven industry and science based. It is characterised by a strong coactivity (publications'authors that are as well as inventors) and an intense institutional complementarity between academia and industry.
References 1 A. Bonaccorsi, Search Regimes and the Industrial Dynamics of Science, Minerva 46 (3)( 2008) 285 315.2 L. Georghiou, J. C. Harper, M. Keenan,
. Brown, K. Konrad, H. van Lente, The sociology of expectation in science and technology, Technology analysis & Strategic management 18 (3/4)( 2006) 285 298.7 B. De
A Sociology of Prospective Techno-science, Ashgate, Aldershot, 2000.8 O. Da Costa, P. Warnke, C. Cagnin, F. Scapolo, The impact of foresight on policy-making:
(ERA), European commission, Luxembourg, 2008.19 D. Braun, Special issue on‘‘The political coordination of knowledge and innovation policies'',Science and Public policy 35 (4)( 2008.
Available from the Science and Technology studies Unit, University of York, UK, 2001.21 E. Grande, The state and interest groups in a framework of multilevel decision-making:
insights from the fostering of innovation ideas, Technological forecasting and Social Change 74 (5)( 2007) 608 626.28 J. Irvine, B. R. Martin, Foresight in Science:
industrial activities in wireless communications, Technological forecasting and Social Change 71 (9)( 2004) 897 912.41 A. Bonaccorsi, Search Regimes and the Industrial Dynamics of Science, in:
Presentation at PRIME Annual Conference 2005,7 8 january, Manchester, 2005.42 A. Bonaccorsi, Explaining poor performance of European science:
institutions versus policies, Science and Public policy 34 (5)( 2007) 303 316. A. Schoen et al.//Futures 43 (2011) 232 242 241 43 S. Kuhlmann, ERA-Dynamics Project Strategic Report 2006 2007:
Presentation at the 2nd PRIME Indicators Conference on STI Indicators for Policy Addressing New Demands of Stakeholders, Oslo, 28 30,may 2008. 47 A. Bonaccorsi, The dynamics of science in the nano
Presentation at the PRIME Winter School on Emerging Nanotechnologies, Grenoble, 4 8 february, 2008.48 A. Bonaccorsi, G. Thoma, Institutional complementarity and inventive performance in nano science and Technology research
Policy 36 (6)( 2007) 813 831.49 A. Rip, H. te Kulve, Constructive technology assessment and Socio-Technical Scenarios, 2008.50 A. Rip, Folk theories of nanotechnologists, Science
and an acceleration of the advances in science and technology all are turning traditional hierarchical or linear markets, supply chains,
Science! Technology. The breadth of scope inherent in the diversity of the categories represents one of the most important strengths of the scanning process.
and brainstorming session by analysts, researchers, managers, sales and marketing staff, and consultants. SRIC-BI's staff in Croydon, England, holds a bimonthly Scan meeting.
Researchers and analysts will need to examine carefully the clusters of abstracts and topics that surfaced during the meeting.
Researchers and analysts! Technology monitors! Strategy consultants! Principal consultants! Marketing and sales staff. Representation from a wide variety of academic and professional backgrounds is helpful as well.
References 1 Mark Buchanan, Power laws and the new science of complexity management Strategy & Business 34 (2003 Spring) 71.2 Stephen Haeckel, Adaptive Enterprise:
Mckinsey Quarterly 2 (2002) 48 57.7 Mark Buchanan, Power laws and the new science of complexity management, Strategy & Business 34 (2003 Spring) 76.
Kermit M. Patton is research director of the Scan Program at SRI CONSULTING BUSINESS INTELLIGENCE (SRIC-BI. He holds A BS degree from Cornell University.
*Jennifer Cassingena Harper b a Manchester Institute of Innovation research, MBS, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9pl, UK b Malta Council for Science
In science and technology policy an OECD report identified three types of priorities 8: thematic priorities referring to fields of science and technology;
mission-oriented priorities referring to socioeconomic or technological goals; and functional priorities referring to characteristics of the science and innovation system.
In dealing with priorities it is difficult to separate the output from either the process that generates it or from the process by
or science push with demand side Pull in an unstructured process the various interest groups press their case
and might typically concern resourcing (finance, human resources and infrastructure) for science, and industry science linkages.
whereby policymakers and researchers adapt to each others goals. Put more simply, researchers and funding intermediaries may be influenced by announced priorities
but that influence has its limits for example a new terminology may in part be used to re-label existing activities
but use of the new label may then begin to change the self-perceptions and orientations of researchers.
Programmes are couched not in terms of particular areas of scientific discipline or expertise, nor are targeted they directly on specific business units in the corporate structure.
In some parts of Eastern europe priorities are an instrument to move towards a contemporary portfolio and away from the materials science/defence orientation of the Soviet era.
Havas and Keenan have noted a tendency in such countries for science systems to be disconnected from innovation
and the series of exercises in the Czech republic 9. On the other hand Havas and Keenan stress the important role that foresight has had in contributing to the realignment of the science system through bringing it to the fore of discussion and highlighting the missing links
For example the Romanian Science and Technology foresight 2005 sought to reconstruct the RDI system around long-term perspectives.
which sought to examine the future of‘‘Key Research actors''in the European research area encompassing civil society, researchers, small and medium enterprises, universities, research and technology organisations, multinational enterprises, national and regional governments 23.
it is interesting to note that one of the most successful has evolved now into an ERA NET‘‘Wood Wisdom''dealing with the integration of forestry and wood material science and engineering.
from trend based logics to open foresight, Technology analysis & Strategic management 20 (3)( 2008) 321 336.8 OECD, Choosing Priorities in Science and Technology, OECD, Paris, 1991.9 K
Paper Presented at the UNIDO Technology foresight Summit, September, Budapest, 2007.11 T. L. Saaty, The Analytical Hierarchy Process, Mcgraw hill, New york, 1980.12 Office of Science and Technology and PREST
effects of implementing the science policy priority for biotechnology in The netherlands, Research policy 15 (1986) 253 268.16 R. Coombs, L. Georghiou, A new industrial ecology, Science 296 (2002
Bulgarian Integration into European NATO, NATO Security through Science Series: Human and Societal Dynamics, IOS Press, 2006, pp. 92 109.22 A. Sokolov, Russian Critical technologies 2015, European foresight monitoring Network Brief, 79.
, G. Heimeriks, Technology foresight as innovation policy instrument learning from science and technology studies, in: C. Cagnin, M. Keenan, R. Johnston, F. Scapolo, R. Barre'(Eds.
of Sciences 55 Zhongguancun East Road, Beijing 100190, PR China 1. Introduction In the realm of future-oriented technology analysis (FTA) 1 that encompasses foresight,
or of the Chinese Academy of Science.**Corresponding author. E-mail addresses: totti. konnola@impetusolutions. com (T. Ko nno la), fabiana. scapolo@ec. europa. eu (F. Scapolo), paul. desruelle@ec. europa. eu
Instrumental The outputs were used to contribute to a joint security technology initiative of Canada as well as strategic S&t investments in the Defence R&d Canada Centre for Security Science.
business actors and researchers from all EU Member States responded to the on-line Delphi study. In addition, more than 600 stakeholders in a various EU Member States were addressed in a series of national seminars.
and the priority setting of science and technology based on technology foresight. Extensive There was an extensive engagement of diversified stakeholders from government, academia and industry.
NTFC aims to provide also necessary information for making five-year plan of science & technology development.
Technology foresight towards 2020 in China Informative TF2020 aims to provide necessary information for making long term strategy for science and technology development in China,
since 1970.6 FTA projects in China in broad sense can be traced to‘‘The 12 Years Science Development Planning''made in 1956,
when over one thousand top scientists participated in the work ranging from technology selection, priority setting, subject arrangement, resource distribution,
and how S&t foresight and strategic S&t investments in the new Centre for Security Science could help to acquire those capabilities.
ONSA had been asked to provide advice on a futuresorieente Public security Science and Technology agenda that could be aligned with the US Department of Homeland Security as part of the Security and Prosperity Partnership of North america.
and skill areas that a new Defence Research & development Canada (DRDC) Centre for Security Science might need to meet the anticipated national security.
The outcomes of consensual and instrumental technology foresight activities in Asian countries such as Japan, Korea and China have played increasingly important role in the policy-making process for science & technology and innovation.
the 8th technology foresight provided important support for making the 3rd basic plan for science and technology of Japan.
China is planning to make the 12th five years plan for science and technology development by using the knowledge generated from roadmap activity.
NISTEP Science & Technology trends Quarterly Review, no. 18,january 2006, pp. 24 34.25 F. Abadie, I. Maghiros, C. Pascu (Eds.),
Paper Presented at the Proceedings of International Conference on‘Technology foresight, Science and Technology'foresight Center of NISTEP, Tokyo, Japan, 2001.27 A. Havas,
. Introduction Future oriented technology analysis (FTA) is an umbrella term for a broad set of activities that facilitate decision-making and coordinated action, especially in science, technology and innovation policy-making.
Practically any source of insight into the dynamics of science and technology (S&t) their production, communication, application can be utilised as knowledge inputs into FTA.
The Handbook of Technology foresight, Edward Elgar, Cheltenham, UK, 2008.8 A. Weinberg, Science and trans science, Minerva 10 (2)( 1972) 209 222.9 A. Horton, Foresight how to do simply and successfully, Foresight
Scenarios of US and Global Society Reshaped by Science and Technology, Oakhill Press, Greensboro, 1997 (available at http://www. josephcoates. com/2025 pdf. html (accessed 29/07/2009)).
''Nanotechnologies and the royal society and royal academy of engineering's inquiry, Public Understanding of Science 16 (3)( 2007) 345 364.40 S. J. Wood, R. Jones
from the Science to the Social the social, ethical and economic aspects of the debate, Swindon, Economic and Social research Council, 2007 (available at http://www. esrc. ac. uk/ESRCINFOCENTRE/Images
but in human societies it has perceptual and physical components infecting matters relating to society, science and technology, economics, ecology, politics and value/norms:
and implements regulations in ways that are a political art as much as a science, underlain by the question of equity:
and the focus on science and technology development and economics always prevails, instead. The history of governance is concerned mostly with how the public's perception of technological innovation has grown over time.
At this point there is much force to Whitehead's perception that‘Science is concerned with generalities.
The relationship between advances in technology and human social development was established during the Enlightenment well before the notion of‘economics'was born as a cultural invention, rather than as a pseudo-objective science.
More recently, the pace of migration of new science and technology (S&t) has increased under the influence of the widespread use of new socioeconomic communication technologies and the globalisation of the world markets.
slow running unease with the assumption that all science and technology were‘good things 'and that human mental plasticity would always adapt to them,
not human, development, depends on the advancement of science and technology, has been accompanied by a growing rejection of technological determinism.
However, it was probably the use of the fission nuclear weapons to end WORLD WAR II that gave added impetus to the questioning of the role of science and technology in human development.
Many of the scientists involved in themanhattan Project including Einstein and Oppenheimer, were affected deeply by its purposeand outcome;
consensus conferences and strenuous efforts to increase the publics'understanding of science. All these procedures highlighted the breadth of the cascade of situations as they have evolved over the last 40 years.
Similarly, the continuing pressure for the public participation in science and technology decision-making processes, elsewhere called a‘democratic deficit'and coming from Greenpeace, the Friends of the Earth, the ETC Group,
-Create greater public awareness and understanding of new science and future technologies. -Improve the anticipation of
and science and technology. Their aimis to ensure thatmnes operate in harmony with the policies of the countries where they operate.
and openness of decision making procedures to stakeholders while acknowledging the relevance of knowledge other than science,
Rather than just opening dialogue between science and society solely in terms of environmental or health impacts, there is a need to tackle broader social concerns such as ethical and cultural values, power relations,
which explicitly deals with complex socio-technical systems and science society relationships. FTA is also an agenda-setting process aimed at providing anticipatory intelligence as basis for decision making.
The Informed Student Guide to Management Science, Thomson Learning, London, 2002,, p. 72.13 D. Loveridge, P. Street, Inclusive foresight, Foresight 7 (3)( 2005) 31 47.14 D. Loveridge, Foresight:
The Art and Science of Anticipating the Future, Routledge, New york, 2009.15 H. G. Daellenbach, Systems thinking & Decision making:
A Management Science Approach, John Wiley, Chicester, 2001.16 A m. Weinberg, Science and trans science, Minerva 10 (1972) 209 222.17 R. E. Freeman, Strategic management:
For this purpose, looking at the survey results we suggested a STEEP (Social-Cultural, Science & Technology, Energy, Ecology and Economy,
In its Science and Innovation Investment Framework 2004 2014, the UK Government committed to establishing a Centre of Excellence in Horizon scanning
to be based in the Foresight directorate of the Government office for Science (see www. foresight. gov. uk). As another example,
and analysing how the phenomena reflected by the weak signals should be reacted on. 4 There remains some confusion about the definition of weak signal by various researchers and consultants.
, Moral & Legal Issues 2. Science & Technology Science Culture & Discoveries Technology Progress Innovative, Transformative Applications & Products 3. Energy Current Energy Use
and home-based healthcare increase Science & Tech. 77 More multi-disciplinary and e-science GM disease resistant plants and microbes for energy Automatisation and robotics growth
what it is to be human Shortage of science in the West, growth of science in the East Neural network functional drugs Virtualisation, Internetisation of life, intelligent Web content Growth of bio-sciences‘‘biologisation''New human species‘‘Transhumanist
evolution''synthetic DNA, new drugs, prosthetic organs, etc. Increased surveillance smart security, disruptive surveillance technology big business Energy 42 Peak oil Growth of renewable energy:
Science and Technology; Energy; Ecology and Economy; and Geopolitics and Security (STEEP. Furthermore, high impact assessment is more prevalent among the more highly experienced respondents(>10 years.
religious and team sport identities Changes in health risk perception Ethical investment in development projects to promote sustainability Science & Tech. 46 Maturation of S, T and Humanities relationship
research Intolerance of science to renew moral outrage over genetic modification, trans-humanist research, etc.
Blockage of free trade due to a major pandemic Science & Tech. 9 Big disasters in science creation of out-of-control species, viruses, robots Disruption of technological systems Artificial intelligence passes human capacity Shocking scientific discovery challenges all hitherto received ideas, e g.,
all drugs allowed Human decisions change because of the Internet advisory capacity Slow down in the world population from development Science
Web and wireless changing human settlements E-science, virtual science discredited for unreliable biased data Biochips for human implants Nanotechnology radically changes production methods
and material world via molecular and selfassemmblin entities Secularism in science overvalues in religion End of Moore's law Business
and social environments revise to accommodate Wiki Facebook, , You Tube, etc. Energy 13 Energy availability increases plentiful oil and other alternatives Rapid advances in concentrated solar energy Technical breakthrough in electric energy storage Sudden stop
tipping points in culture, science and ecology; familiar bases for economic value, international conflict and innovations may be shifting resulting in loss of control by the old guard actors;
and impact People might be eating plastics due to photo-degraded plastics in environments (e g. eaten by fish) Different ethical vision science built Stronger impact of artists Increase of genetic and hereditary
law and life styles Dependence on anti-factual information, failing roots of knowledge and understanding Declining male fertility Human cloning Science & Tech. 33 Ubiquitous connectivity web
and robotics change human race Less usage of human brain Freedom to do any type of Research breakthrough in plant gene to create antibiotics for cancer Nano membranes allow humans swim under water without air tubes Researchers
Acknowledgement We are grateful to our colleague Phd researcher Ms. Graciela Sainz de la Fuente for her valuable contribution to the analysis of the Big Picture Survey data.
identifying common strategic choices and questions for knowledge, Science and Public policy 37 (1)( 2010) 7 18.2 S. Rijkers-Defrasne, E. Amanatidou, A. Braun, A. Pechmann,
4 N. Damrongchai, P. Satangput, G. Tegart, C. Sripaipan, Future technology analysis for biosecurity and emerging infectious diseases in Asia-pacific, Science and Public policy 37 (1)( 2010
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