Tool

Analytical tool (12)
New tool (11)
Tool (618)
Useful tool (8)

Synopsis: Tool: Tool:

A wide range of F. Scapolo/Technological forecasting & Social Change 72 (2005) 1059 1063 1060 techniques and tools were used in complex combinations

& Social Change 72 (2005) 1059 1063 1061 new ways of framing studies, applying the concepts underlying marketing tools based on human behaviour to foresight design,

and tools that have been or could be adopted from other fields (i e. dimporting ideast session). In the first paper Gordon, Glenn and Jakil, describe boundaries

and enhanced tools that would allow for a better externalisation of uncertainty that could be made more explicit especially for policy makers.

The article illustrates the use of roadmapping as a tool for TA contributions to the sustainability assessment of emerging technologies.

and visualisation techniques as supporting tools for FTA especially to assess technological development in the short term.

The last paper by Dezevas presents the state-of-the-art and new approaches in the evolutionary theory of technological change as a tool for FTA.

forward-looking approaches under the headline of‘foresight'have acquired a prominent role as policy support tools. Foresight has become particularly important in science and technology policy 3, 4,

or enhanced by the use of electronic workshop tools. 30 After discussions in plenary and possibly syndicate work,

but in particular consistency checks can also be supported by means of quantitative tools. 3. 2. 8. Phase 7:

The practical tools and methods are available, based on many Fig. 1. Positioning recent forward-looking activities in the framework of Adaptive foresight. 31 31 For Details on these projects

accepted 1 february 2008 Abstract In this paper, we address challenges of organizing future-oriented consultation processes within European coordination tools for‘Open Method of Coordination'such as ERA NETS

we discuss the broader potential of Internet-based decision support tools and participatory workshops in promoting foresight activities within ERA NETS and European coordination tools. 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Keywords: Decision support; Foresight; European research area; Innovation policy; Networking; Robust Portfolio Modeling Available online at www. sciencedirect. com Technological forecasting & Social Change 75 (2008) 483 495 Corresponding author.

we examine issues in the organization of foresight activities within European coordination tools such as Integrated Projects, Networks of Excellence, ERA NETS, European Technology platforms and Technology initiatives

ERA NETS and other European coordination tools are indicative of the transformation of the EU innovation policy from financially oriented measures to the facilitation and monitoring of stakeholder processes

This transformation can be assisted by coordination tools and embedded foresight activities that help RTD stakeholders recognize how the benefits of international collaboration can outweigh the efforts needed to overcome regulatory, institutional, administrative and cultural barriers.

so that extensive use was made of Internet-based decision support tools (see the consultation process homepage5). More specifically, the consultation processes sought to respond to the general objectives of embedded foresight in the following ways, among others:

as well as by the treatment of research areas and research themes as relevant‘units of analysis'that experts could be assessed with the Internet-based decision support tool.

we have discussed the use of decision support methodologies in the development of a shared research agenda inwoodwisdom-Net, an ERA NET on wood material research that is an example of the coordination tools for EU innovation policies.

Extensive participation in a bottom up process also increases the visibility of coordination tools such as Woodwisdom-Net:

tools should be pursued. Indeed, despite the strong track-record of national foresights in many European countries, not much work has been done to clarify how foresight elements should be combined to enhance the coordination tools that are crucial to the establishment of the European research area.

Here selected foresight activities and selected process elements such as decision support for the bottom up thematic prioritization and the formation of new networks may shift the locus of activities closer to national actors.

so that the coordination tools can attain the objectives that have been placed on them. Acknowledgements This research has been supported by the Academy of Finland and National Technology agency of Finland.

tools and methods, Res. Policy 29 (4 5)( 2000) 657 678.6 J. P. Salmenkaita, A. Salo, Rationales for government intervention in the commercialization of new technologies, Technol.

More evidence-based approaches to the assessment of regulatory quality allow a review of the effectiveness of policy tools used in practice

Surveys are probably not the best tool to collect information about the future needs for standards and regulations.

A promising approach however is building mapping tools based on underlying patterns and indicators of the dynamics of emergence.

Our paper addresses well-known lacunae of alignment tools from the viewpoints of the path creation/dependency literatures.

Our tool can be applied in strategic management of research andr&dat the level of science-to-industry networks.

10.1016/j. techfore. 2008.02.002 1. Lacunae and prospects of assessment and alignment tools for emerging science and technology For innovation to succeed actor alignment in the form of innovation chains from laboratory to products

These are challenges for current strategic technology intelligence and forward-looking assessment tools. This is especially the case for the recent European Networks of Excellence

Activities in the FTA programme focus on designing tools and support systems which allow the Frontiers network to develop strategies for a number of different issues relevant to particular areas within nanotechnologies for the life sciences.

At both intra-organizational (department-level) and inter-organizational levels in technology and industry, roadmapping has become a fashionable alignment tool.

There is a wealth of literature focusing on the functions, uses and tools of roadmaps in high-technology companies andmncs 3 20.

assessment tools (market forecasts; knowledge of the technology and market drivers) are generally uncertain 9, 21,22.

Beyond a diagnosis of the situation and suggestions, few assessment tools seem to have been developed and made available to actors.

using Delphi tools, or the more loosely structured‘prospectives'.'4 Even though group leaders may use roadmap-type forecasts to organize financial support for their research. 5 As the Dutch Minacned consortium did in 2006 with their‘Roadmap Micro/Nanotechnology in Food';

/7 Cf Rip et al 2005 30‘Assessment'and‘alignment'can be used somewhat interchangeably where they refer to tools that help assessing actions on the way to an anticipated future-tools for‘anticipatory coordination'(learning curves of‘disruptive technologies';‘

such as with‘anticipatory tools'(foresight exercises, bibliometric analyses, scenario planning, etc); and tools for portfolio and project management. 519 D. K. R. Robinson, T. Propp/Technological forecasting & Social Change 75 (2008) 517 538 The point we make is that technological uncertainty

is linked back to the underlying dynamics of the emergence of S&t. These dynamics can be explained by the concept of socio-technical path 31,32:

This system comprises a number of tailorized FTA/SI tools. It is being built around the notion of the‘deployment cycle'

nanotechnology based tools are beginning to emerge as promising devices for single cell and subcellular analysis. Although current microtechnologies (including microfluidics) provide a foundation for creating a nanotechnology interface with single cells,

1. explore and develop tools to map possible futures for the field of cell-on-a-chip with a focus on single cell analysis

This part of the project was to develop a tool to be able to gauge the ongoing developments articulated related to the possibility of cell-on-a-chip devices.

microfabrication and nanotechnology tools for cell analysis and (2) start-up companies and small-and medium-sized enterprises (SMES) relating to specific cell analysis techniques and lab-on-a-chip technology.

and outlook for multi-path mapping as strategic intelligence for reflexive alignment We have reported on a tool to provide ongoing strategic intelligence on evolving actor paths and emerging paradigms related to new and Emerging s&t.

Tools for assessment/alignment have been discussed in bodies of literatures as diverse and heterogeneous as: strategic management of S&t;

The project to which the tool development was linked was characterised by interactions with practitioners around forward-looking discussions.

in a way it is a bottom-up way of methodology/tool building, growing with each new FTA exercise at this network level.

The tool can also be used in communities outside of research and technology development but related to its financing, such as venture capitalists.

Here it could act as an anticipation and mapping tool guiding decisions what innovation chain to invest in,

With respect to our tool (but also any other tools developed by social sciences scholars exposed to the research reality) we encourage diffusion into the wider public and private domains.

The workshop participants accepted our diagnosis given in MPM-1 and scenarios as well as the MPM-2 tool as relevant.

At the level of Frontiers the tool has been taken up in official documents as MPM-1 was included in the first round strategic planning document known as the Frontiers Roadmap for 2006/2007.

As a consequence of their use of this tool, they have approached the authors in order to further apply the management tool to see

and thus a tailoring of the tool for the start-up company is currently ongoing. Acknowledgements This work was funded through the Technology assessment Program of the Dutch Nanotechnology Consortium Nanoned led by Arie Rip (University of Twente)

and we would like to acknowledge his input into an earlier version of this tool. We would like to thank also the practitioners who participated in the workshop.

)( 1995) 21 28.5 T. Brady, H. Rush, M. Hobday, A. Davies, D. Probert, S. Banerjee, Tools for technology management:

Change 9 (2000) 269 274.20 P. Savioz, M. Blum, Strategic forecast tool for SMES: how the opportunity landscape interacts with business strategy to anticipate technological trends, Technovation 22 (2002) 91 100.21 D. R. Myers, C. W. Sumpter, S. T. Walsh, B. A. Kirchhoff

Plan. 1 (1)( 2004) 68 86.27 U. Fiedeler, T. Fleischer, M. Decker, Roadmapping as TA-Tool:

Karlsruhe, June 1999.30 A. Rip, T. Propp, R. Williams, G. Spinardi, P. Laredo, A. Delemarle, NEST-SSA 508929‘Assessment Tools for New and Emerging science

system in combination with optical tweezers for analyzing rapid and reversible cytological alterations in single cells upon environmental changes Tools and Resources, Lab Chip (7)( 2007) 71 76.61 L

Concepts, Spaces and Tools, Edward Elgar, 2002, pp. 355 381.65 B. Elzen, P. S. Hofman, F. W. Geels, Sociotechnical scenarios (STSC) A new

. Green, Sociotechnical scenarios as a tool for transition policy: an example from the traffic and transport domain, in:

where studies of expectations and paths are combined with strategy articulation tools to provide strategic intelligence for reflexive governance and management of Emerging s&t.

Foresight as a Tool for the Management of Knowledge Flows and Innovation (FORMAKIN), Final report under the TSER Programme Stage II, 2001.5 H. Cameron, L. Georghiou, M. Keenan,

tools to inform debates, dialogues and deliberations, Technikfolgenabschatzung, Theorie und Praxis 2 (14)( 2005) 74 79.14 R. Barre, M. Keenan, FTA Evaluation, Impact and Learning,

as the broadest socioeconomic context for universities, with its own science, technology and innovation (STI) policy tools,

They are tools for thinking about the future, which will be shaped partly through deliberate strategies and actions, partly by factors beyond the control of decision-makers. 4,

and using more appropriate, refined policy tools a leads to an‘externally'successful and cohesive EU. B b) Successful multi-speed EU:

i) a conscious strategic choice to use available funds and other policy tools (e g. regulation) exclusively or excessively for boosting competitiveness,

or the actual STI policy tools, as well as the links between STI policies, per se, and other policies affecting RTDI processes (that is,

EU policy-makers might also use this structured way of futures-building as one of the tools assisting their initiatives to align national policies;

and Approaches in Technology and Innovation policy, STI Review, No. 22,1998. 16 OECD, Benchmarking Industry science Relationships, OECD, Paris, 2002.17 W. Polt, C. Rammer, H. Gassler, A. Schibany,

innovation policy development and others inclined toward the provocation of innovation an opportunity to learn some new approaches as well as to reflect further upon some familiar tools such as risk assessment being profiled re within the new context of FTA.

In this way the issue also contributes to an evolving tool bag of diverse and enhanced tools for societally useful global innovation.

FTA still remains a somewhat ambiguous alignment of diverse tools, disciplines and intellectual traditions and paradigms and this we believe is consistent with the dynamism of transition to a knowledge-based economy;

another Finnish team, bring this novel focus on tools further into the interface with policy approaches in their timely paper on the Role of Technology barometer in Assessing Past and Future development of National Innovation system.

robustness analysis and many of the other similar tools referenced below in the papers and a technical note.

The algorithm runs rapidly on a Pentium 1. 73 GHZ processor, with a clock speed of 795 MHZ and 512 MB of RAM:

which enable exploration of these networks are needed as support tools. The alternative approach would be to expressly encode the configuration within the database of science and technology.

and tools like modeling tools, real option approaches and decision analysis. However, these approaches are often deficient with regard to addressing the broad range of uncertainties associated with the long planning horizon (more extensively treated in 5). Technological forecasting & Social Change 76 (2009) 1150 1162 Corresponding

, J. Hertin, Foresight futures scenarios, Developing and Applying a Participative Strategic planning Tool, Greener Management International (37 Special issue on Foresighting for Development), 2002, pp. 37 52.27 G

Asce 130 (1)( 2004) 2 13.39 Y. Shiftan, S. Kaplan, S. Hakkert, Scenario building as a tool for planning a sustainable transportation system, Transport.

Received 17 november 2008 Received in revised form 11 june 2009 Accepted 15 july 2009 This paper examines the potential of integrating future-oriented technology analysis (FTA) with risk assessment methodologies and tools,

suggesting new ways to evolve the modular design when integrating FTA and risk assessment methodologies and tools. 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

and TA exercises by linking the methodological tools in a reasonable way. The motivation of writing this paper is twofold:

which risk assessment and FTA METHODOLOGIES and tools can be integrated systematically on the basis of the VTT experiences.

Weak signal and Wild Card analyses for instance are used tools in risk analyses concerning the strategic design of societies or companies, e g. 43 45.

and risk analysis methods are designed to be a tool of systematic risk identificcatio process. In traditional methods, risks are identified component by component.

The project states that a good modelling tool would help to model the future interdependencies supported by an integration of the scenario work and the systematic risk assessment. 3. 2. Managing opportunities,

The objective of the INNORISK project is to develop tools and methods for companies in order to support the decision making related to introducing existing technologies into new markets, development of new technologies for existing markets,

INNORISK project aims at applying Back-pocket roadmap 30 (also called Agile Roadmap), SWOT analysis 31,32 and IBM's Signpost methodology tools together with Potential Problem/Opportunity (Risk analysis

The tools to apply the future-oriented risk assessment are developed during this process, and they are at this preliminary stage as follows:

A good modelling tool would be helpful to model the future interdependencies. Roadmap, SWOT analysis

but also when forming the methodology and tools for the use of these teams. These notions open many challenges where further studies may be beneficial.

a tool for situational analysis, J. Long Range Plann. 15 (2)( 1982) 12 14.33 M. Reunanen, Potential problem analysis, in:

Yet, the tools for dealing with uncertainty, for evaluating the adequate return for risk-taking,

With increasing statistical sophistication, the analysis tools will be able to isolate causal relationships and social model building will get a needed boost.

To work out the similarities in different application may be a first step to adapt the instruments and tools in other disciplines so that in the future even in technical and social science contexts,

Treatment of surprise and discontinuities A reason often quoted for using scenario planning as a decision support tool is its ability to reduce overconfidence about the future 35.

This perhaps reflects the view expressed in the workshop that a simple tool discussion is not possible as the very notion of an appropriate methodology is contested complex

There are sufficient examples to suggest that scenario planning is an appropriate tool in the right circumstances

In the short run, it can be helpful where the choice of futures tools is appropriate,

on discontinuity and scenario development, Futures 35 (5)( 2003) 423 443.36 Theo J. B. M. Postma, Franz Liebl, How to improve scenario analysis as a strategic management tool?

A Tool for Reducing Avoidable Surprises, Cambridge university Press, Cambridge, 2002, and New york. 41 J. Hertin, K. Jacob, A. Volkery, Policy appraisal, in:

Behavioural aspects of the wider range of participants Methods and tools for promoting inclusivity Organizational

and around the notion of Responsible Research and Innovation of nanotechnologies as an opportunity to develop support tools for exploring potential co-evolutions of nanotechnology and governance arrangements.

This approach is developed as a support tool for Constructive technology assessment (Constructive TA), see Box 1, and incorporates what we call endogenous futures into scenarios

and assessment tools for the analysis and improvement of the societal embedding of innovations. Socrobust emphasised the difference between hot unarticulated, open-ended (fluid/hot) situations and more structured and well articulated, stable (cold) situations 22.

Concepts, Spaces and Tools, Cheltenham (UK), Northampton (MA, USA), Edward Elgar, 2002.5 A. H. van de ven, D. E. Polley, R. Garud, S. Venkataraman

, The Innovation journey, Oxford university Press, Oxford, 1999.6 D. K. R. Robinson, T. Propp, Multi-path mapping as a tool for reflexive alignment in Emerging s&t, Technol.

Concepts, Spaces and Tools, Edward Elgar, Cheltenham, 2002.8 J. Schot, A. Rip, The past and future of constructive technology assessment, Technol.

Such a description shows how Internet-based tools were critical to support the achievement of expected results within the tight schedule available.

1) Methods and tools contributing to FTA;(2) The use and impact of fta for policy and decision making;(

Although the use of foresight exercises as a tool has become widespread over the latest 10 15 years

-oriented Technology-oriented and methods Time horizon 10 20 years 2008 2012 and 2030 Method, systematics and tools Invited vision papers Council discussions Council members'own

Also here the foresight practice offers procedures and tools. For example, Downloaded by University of Bucharest at 05:09 03 december 2014 Foresight

but interactive tools were made available to offer the public an opportunity to contribute to the process with own ideas and proposals throughout the whole period (www. wiendenktzukunft. at).

and Weber (2006) and in particular the work on self-evaluation tools for foresight in the context of the Forsociety ERA NET (Forsociety 2007).

Self-evaluation tool for foresight project managers. http://www. eranet-forsociety. net (accessed 19 november 2007. Freeman, C. 1991.

'They emphasise that future negotiating processes have to be studied according to how they are performed instead of looking at them as mere problem-solving tools for more prudent strategic decision making. 6 The Sociology of expectations analyses foresight practises as structured around expectations and promises in technology,

Building on these arguments Jenssen (2007) advocates a more cautious approach to the importance of foresight as a strateggi tool for policy

Weber 2006) and as a critical tool in qualitative research (Lynch 2000; Colombo 2003; Cañellas-Boltà and Strand 2006.

and limits of inclusive foresight in municipal planning processes and expounds the challenges of our contemporary understanding of communicative planning tools as power instruments (Pløger 2002).

developing and applying a participative strategic planning tool. Greener Management International 37:37 52. Böhle, K. 2003.

scenario planning as a strategic management tool. London: Economica. Grin, J.,F. Felix, and B. Bos. 2004.

So we turn to software tools to help bprofile the R&d domainq 5, 6. The second and third QTIP factors go hand-in-hand.

With another firm, we have been exploring text mining tool applications. We mutually recognized that certain preliminary analyses could be done in 3 minutes

and analysis. Design of QTIP tools and functions must address the diverse needs of all the players.

but not completely, texts. btext miningq tools are progressing rapidly 10,11. These draw on both statistical and artificial intelligence approaches.

Train the potential QTIP participants in use of the tools and resulting FTA outputs. A l. Porter/Technological forecasting & Social Change 72 (2005) 1070 1081 1080 But it is worth the effort.

changing tools, changing roles, Information Outlook 5 (3)( 2001) 24 30.5 A l. Porter, A. Kongthon, J.-C. Lu, Research profiling:

and characterised focus areas of competences by making extensive use of Internet-based tools and by engaging in intensive deliberations at facilitatedworkshops.

and that they could also adapt the use of methodological tools that were offered to them in a responsive manner (Salo, Könnölä, and Hjelt 2004).

In hindsight, the development of novel methodological approaches in Finnsight most notably the definition of dedicated units of analysis (driving forces, focus areas of competences) and the extensive deployment of internet-based tools for engaging the panel

and tools Eerola and Miles come to the topic from the perspective of knowledge management but their interpretation of the core of that topic as set out by Nonaka and Takeuchi 14 focuses on the ways in

Foresight is presented as a systemic policy tool appropriate for contributing to a better-geared European research

7. At the same time the notion of Foresight as a governance tool and policy instrument has been refined. Systems of policy functions have been proposed to enable Foresight design

/Futures 43 (2011) 232 242 233 All these results point to the fact that diverse innovation areas need diverse governance tools

20 N. Brown, B. Rappert, A. Webster, Foresight as a Tool for the Management of Knowledge Flows and Innovation (FORMAKIN.

The most important tools for remaining afloat and thriving in the turbulence are a constant awareness of the changes going on around your organization

Although a number of dramatic new information-technology (IT) and artificial-intelligence (AI) tools are emerging to perform monitoring and analysis functions

the complexity and breadth of the issues and forces driving marketplace turbulence militate, for the time being, against complete dependence on such tools.

Scanning processes are tools for systematizing the collection of early signals of change and for nurturing a futures orientation more broadly in an organization. 3. The process The scanning process is necessarily a continuous one.

Originating as an explanatory tool from Michael Porter in comparing the competitive success of nations,

This has made use of foresight in the form of internet-based decision support tools. As an example of embedded foresight, Brummer et al. indicate three roles for such an application of foresight:(

and particularly for foresight at a time when its utility and potential are being realised both a structuring tool and for the more traditional priority-setting.

foresight can be regarded as one of a number of policy tools for L. Georghiou, J. Cassingena Harper/Futures 43 (2011) 243 251 249 engineering major changes required in EU research and innovation policy in the coming years.

and to the appropriate use of formal tools and procedures. Furthermore, those in charge of the foresight process are likely to benefit from the sharp definition of their role and approach in the management of the process.

the‘‘Technology Trajectory''concept developed by FISTERA was used by industry and academia as a‘‘thinking tool''.

/Futures 43 (2011) 252 264 263 foresight is ever more important to position foresight as one of the key supporting tools for policy-making to anticipate how major societal challenges ahead can be addressed such as those tackled in this paper, e g. security, sustainability and information society challenges.

Methods and tools contributing to FTA: A knowledge-based perspective A. Eerola A i. Miles b a VTT Technical research Centre of Finland, Espoo, Finland b Manchester Institute of Innovation research, Manchester united Kingdom 1

and how the roles of various FTA METHODS and tools are seen in terms of knowledge management. It goes on to discuss the implications that follow for FTA design,

and requirements for development of tools, techniques and principles, for FTA. The challenges of participatory knowledge management are seen to be particularly important ones to tackle. 2011 Published by Elsevier Ltd.*

which suggestions for participants and dissemination approaches are elicited. 3. Methods and tools So, FTA has many faces

Porter et al. 3 (the report of the Technology Futures analysis Methods Working group) reviewed many of the tools used

Tools that have been developed in such contexts for horizon scanning trend extrapolation, stakeholder mapping, eliciting expert opinion, and so on are among the panoply of FTA METHODS.

Indeed, each of the sets of tools just mentioned can be used in applications other than FTA in demographic forecasting,

Many sorts of research tool can be sources of the insights required for FTA. Other tools can help us visualise issues,

make choices among competing priorities, and the like. We can point here to such approaches as risk assessment, roadmapping,

and some specific tools of operations management and operational research (such as DEMATEL, AHP, ANP, MCA methods for priority-setting;

4 or to tools for mapping and displaying information, such as network analysis, dynamic graphs and charts,

and methodological development of FTA 3 7. The result is a proliferation of tools. However the accumulation and integration of knowledge about different tools and approaches is very uneven.

Many (probably the great majority of) FTA practitioners are familiar with only a limited number of these tools.

The tools and approaches have been created in very diverse contexts and by different communities; they feature different philosophies.

Most of us will have limited a grasp of the contexts from which specific tools derive, and the assumptions that may be carried along with standard practice.

We could wish that a blind watchmaker had been at work, selecting the best-fitting and most generally useful methods out of this pool of proliferation.

(and the first and second of Horton's). He also suggests the tools and methods that are associated often with each stage:

Roadmapping has become a very popular tool used at this stage, while many instruments of normative forecasting and planning (e g. relevance trees) are also part of the toolkit.

and key technologies approaches coming to the fore, alongside other tools such as research evaluation and impact assessment.

Such formal systems are being used increasingly as computer tools and communication infrastructures are upgraded. One interesting phenomenon is the evolution of websites for National foresight programmes,

which thus called for careful design of the process and the tools and techniques it involved.

and computer-based groupware tools. This kind of scenario workshop usually extends over at least one day,

This simple conceptual tool constitutes a useful way of ensuring that a broad range of issues is considered;

The scenario framework can be a valuable tool for encouraging people from very different backgrounds to apply their knowledge in new ways.

Technology Roadmapping and other ways of visualising future prospects are supported by improved tools, and Delphi and other methods for eliciting expert opinion are frequently put online.

and other tools to locate people with specific types of knowledge input. Social learning and‘‘PKM''elements of FTA can be augmented by use of IT,

Experience is accumulating about the use of tools for mindmapping brainstorming, roadmapping, voting, and prioritisation in the course of scenario work, for example.

I. Maghiros, S. Delaitre, Dark scenarios as a constructive tool for future oriented technology analysis: safeguards in a world of ambient intelligence (SWAMI), Second International Seville Seminar on Future-oriented technology analysis, Seville, September 28 29,2006 (available at:

< Back - Next >

Overtext Web Module V3.0 Alpha
Copyright Semantic-Knowledge, 1994-2011