Oil & gas industry generale

Fuel (369)
Gas (124)
Oil (65)
Oil & gas companies (22)

Synopsis: Oil & gas industry: Oil & gas industry generale:

which consists of two benzene molecules joined together by two nitrogen atoms linked by a double chemical bond.

The double bond prevents the benzene group at each end from rotating around the axle linking them.

#Beer and Food Scraps Can Power Chevrolet Bi-fuel Impala Trash to fuel the stuff of the 1980s sci-fi comedy movie trilogy ack to the Futureis now a reality.

The 2015 Bi-fuel Chevrolet Impala not a tricked-out Delorean really can run on leftovers table scraps and oh yeah grains from brewing beer.

Cleveland-based quasar energy group uses organic waste to produce a renewable energy source known as biogas which is converted then into Compressed natural gas (CNG) one of two fuels that can power the 2015 Chevrolet Bi-fuel Impala.

Biogas is the raw mixture of gases given off by the breakdown of organic materials kept in an oxygen-less environment.

The resulting methane gas is processed then removing all carbon dioxide and impurities to make Renewable Natural gas (RNG).

When compressed RNG is a direct replacement for CNG. Since biogas can be made from most organic materials quasar insources raw materials otherwise considered waste from a variety of industries.

For instance its Columbus Ohio Renewable energy Facility processes up to 25000 wet tons of biosolids from the City of Columbus Department of Public utilities for wastewater.

Progressive Field home of the Cleveland indians contributes food waste for CNG-production after it been macerated in an industrial-sized Insinkerator Grind2energy garbage disposal.

Anheuser-busch Columbus brewery provides an organic by-product to quasar for conversion to methane gas. f you can buy renewable fuel at $1. 95 per gallon

while reducing greenhouse gas emissions everybody winssaid Mel Kurtz president of quasar energy group. uasar Columbus facility can produce 1. 3 million gasoline gallon equivalents of CNG each year. hat

enough to fill the CNG tanks of 163000 Bi-fuel Impalas at least once. Though CNG fueling stations are prevalent in states like California

and Oklahoma infrastructure in some states is scarce. o avoid feelings of range anxiety common in owners of CNG-only vehicles we made the Impala bi-fuel allowing our customers to drive on CNG when available and on gasoline

The CNG tank mounted in the trunk has the equivalent capacity of 7. 8 gallons of gasoline

which is expected to offer approximately 150 city miles of range on compressed natural gas based on GM testing.

With gasoline and compressed natural gas combined expected range is 500 city miles based on GM testing. EPA estimates are not yet available.

Impala bi-fuel system seamlessly switches to gasoline power when the CNG tank is depleted. Drivers who wish to change fuels

while driving can do so by simply pushing a button. A light on the instrument panel indicates

Operating on CNG can result in an average fuel savings of nearly $1. 13 per gasoline-gallon-equivalent based on a national average of $3. 24 per gallon of gasoline as reported by AAA

Also CNG vehicles typically have 20 percent fewer greenhouse gas emissions than gasoline-powered cars according to the California Air Resources Board.

The Bi-fuel Impala is built factory so its CNG fuel system is validated by GM and covered by GM three-year/36000-mile (whichever comes first) new vehicle limited bumper-to-bumper warranty

The Bi-fuel Impala is the only bifuel-capable sedan on the market to offer a factory warranty.

When the Bi-fuel Impala goes on sale later this year it will have a starting price of $38210.

Chevrolet provides customers with fuel efficient vehicles that feature spirited performance expressive design and high quality. More information on Chevrolet models can be found at www. chevrolet. com. quasar is a Cleveland Ohio based renewable energy company that designs builds owns

or in the planning stage. qng (quasar natural gas) is derived from the anaerobic digestion of regional organic waste streams

The device uses a thumbnail-sized quantum cascade laser (QCL) as well as tuning forks that cost no more than a dime to detect very small amounts of nitrous oxide and methane.

and human activities, such as leakage from natural gas systems and the raising of livestock. uman activities such as agriculture, fossil fuel combustion, wastewater management,

and industrial processes are increasing the amount of nitrous oxide in the atmosphere. he warming impact of methane

For these reasons, methane and nitrous oxide detection is crucial to environmental considerations. QUARTZ TUNING FORK The small QCL has only become available in recent years,

and is far better able to detect trace amounts of gas than lasers used in the past.

When light at a specific wavelength is absorbed by the gas of interest localized heating of the molecules leads to a temperature

and pressure increase in the gas. f the incident light intensity is modulated, then the temperature and pressure will be as well,

That signal is proportional to the gas concentration. The unit can detect the presence of methane or nitrous oxide in just a second

he says. GETTING SMALLER To field test the device, the team installed it on a mobile laboratory used during NASA DISCOVER-AQ campaign, which analyzed pollution on the ground and from the air last September.

Tittel says. his was a milestone for trace-gas sensing, Ren says. ow wee trying to minimize the size of the whole system.

and reduce the dependence on gas, coal and oil.""We all get heat from sun. We feel it on our bodies

In addition, because many of these materials are derived plastics from fossil fuels, they also increase the impact on climate change.

With the above in mind, a European research project has developed new environmentally friendly materials that can replace oil-based plastic films used in packaging for food

The development of the new packaging products for a global market will make an important contribution towards the reduction of the dependency of the packaging sector on petroleum resources and the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions.

However, efficient and reliable pre-combustion capture technologies that can reduce carbon dioxide (CO2 EMISSIONS from fossil fuel power plants at low cost are still missing.

on the other hand, remove the carbon from fuel before combustion and produce hydrogen, which is much more energy efficient,

Membrane Gas Desorption (MGD), Low temperature separation (LT) and the High temperature membrane air separation (ITM. The main finding was that the LT technology was the most economic,

#From sunlight to jet fuel: EU project makes first'solar'kerosene An EU-funded research project called SOLAR-JET has produced the world's first'solar'jet fuel from water and carbon dioxide (CO2), a promising technology for a better

energy security and turning possibly a greenhouse gas into a useful resource. Researchers have demonstrated for the first time successfully the entire production chain for renewable kerosene,

using concentrated light as a high-temperature energy source. The project is still at the experimental stage,

with a glassful of jet fuel produced in laboratory conditions, using simulated sunlight. However, the results give hope that in future any liquid hydrocarbon fuels could be produced from sunlight

CO2 and water. The process In a first step concentrated light-simulating sunlight-was used to convert carbon dioxide

and water to synthesis gas (syngas) in a high-temperature solar reactor containing metal-oxide based materials developed at ETH Zürich.

The syngas (a mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide) was converted then into kerosene by Shell using the established"Fischer-Tropsch"process.

Although producing syngas through concentrated solar radiation is still at an early stage of development, the processing of syngas to kerosene is already being deployed by companies,

including Shell, on a global scale. Combining the two approaches has the potential to provide secure

sustainable and scalable supplies of aviation fuel as well as diesel and gasoline, or even plastics. Fischer-Tropsch derived fuels are certified already

and can be used by existing vehicles and aircraft without modifications of their engines or of fuel infrastructure.

Background The four-year SOLAR-JET project was launched in June 2011 and is receiving#2. 2 million of EU funding from the Seventh Framework Programme for Research and Technological Development (FP7).

The call includes a topic on the development of the next-generation technologies for biofuels and sustainable alternative fuels v

A first investigation deals with gasification of wood. The predicted results include both the pyrolysis process of individual particles and the tar concentration in the gas as a response to the interaction between hot air and wood particles.

These results enable the operation to be estimated for a particular reactor and allow access to details that could not have been gained through measurements alone.

As reported in the journal Water Research Gao ground wood chips that were heated then in nitrogen gas but not burned.

Organophosphates are found in everything from industrial pesticides to the sarin gas used in chemical warfare. They permanently bond to neurotransmitters in the brain,

which could prevent nerve damage in the event of a gas attack or pesticide exposure and would likely be developed first for military use,

As reported in the journal Water Research Gao ground wood chips that were heated then in nitrogen gas but not burned.

#This fusion reactor could be cheaper than coal University of Washington Posted by Michelle Ma-Washington on October 16 2014fusion energy almost sounds too good to be true#zero greenhouse gas emissions no long-lived radioactive waste a nearly unlimited fuel supply.

Fusion power designs aren t cheap enough to outperform systems that use fossil fuels such as coal and natural gas.

As more gardeners and farmers add ground charcoal or biochar to soil to both boost crop yields and counter global climate change the study offers the first detailed explanation for this mystery. nderstanding the controls on water movement through biochar-amended soils is critical

A metal bellows about the size of a cantaloupe is filled with a temperature-sensitive gas.

When the gas heats and cools in response to the outside air temperature it expands and contracts causing the bellows to do the same.

The hydrogen gas could power fuel cells in zero emissions vehicles. The battery sends an electric current through two electrodes that split liquid water into hydrogen and oxygen gas.

Unlike other water splitters that use precious-metal catalysts the electrodes in the Stanford device are made of inexpensive and abundant nickel

or iridium to achieve that voltage. n addition to producing hydrogen the new water splitter could be used to make chlorine gas and sodium hydroxide an important industrial chemical according to Dai.

Automakers have considered long the hydrogen fuel cell a promising alternative to the gasoline engine. Fuel cell technology is essentially water splitting in reverse.

A fuel cell combines stored hydrogen gas with oxygen from the air to produce electricity which powers the car.

The only byproduct is water unlike gasoline combustion which emits carbon dioxide a greenhouse gas. Most of these vehicles will run on fuel manufactured at large industrial plants that produce hydrogen by combining very hot steam and natural gas an energy-intensive process that releases carbon dioxide as a byproduct.

In 2015 American consumers will finally be able to purchase fuel cell cars from Toyota and other manufacturers.

Although touted as zero emissions vehicles most of the cars will run on hydrogen made from natural gas a fossil fuel that contributes to global warming.

Splitting water to make hydrogen requires no fossil fuels and emits no greenhouse gases. But scientists have yet to develop an affordable active water splitter with catalysts capable of working at industrial scales. t s been a constant pursuit for decades to make low-cost electrocatalysts with high activity

That goal is achievable based on my most recent resultshe researchers also plan to develop a water splitter than runs on electricity produced by solar energy. ydrogen is an ideal fuel for powering vehicles buildings

This shows that through nanoscale engineering of materials we can really make a difference in how we make fuels

#Material snags CO2 from natural gas Rice university rightoriginal Studyposted by Mike Williams-Rice on June 9 2014scientists have created an Earth-friendly way to separate carbon dioxide a greenhouse gas from natural gas right

Natural gas is the cleanest fossil fuel. Development of cost-effective means to separate carbon dioxide during the production process will improve this advantage over other fossil fuels

and enable the economic production of gas resources with higher carbon dioxide content that would be too costly to recover using current carbon capture technologies says James Tour professor of mechanical engineering and nanoengineering and of computer science at Rice university.

Traditionally carbon dioxide has been removed from natural gas to meet pipelines specifications. The Tour lab with assistance from the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) produced the patented material that pulls only carbon dioxide molecules from flowing natural gas

and polymerizes them while under pressure naturally provided by the well. When the pressure is released the carbon dioxide spontaneously depolymerizes

and frees the sorbent material to collect more. All of this works in ambient temperatures unlike current high-temperature capture technologies that use up a significant portion of the energy being produced.

Research on the new material appears in the journal Nature Communications. f the oil and gas industry does not respond to concerns about carbon dioxide

and other emissions it could well face new regulationstour says noting the White house issued its latest National Climate Assessment last month

or use it for enhanced oil recovery to further the release of oil and natural gas. Or they can package

but they had the unfortunate side effect of capturing the desired methane as well and they are far too expensive to make for this application.

and propane molecules that make up natural gas may try to stick to the carbon but the growing polymer chains simply push them off he says.

Apache Corp a Houston-based oil and gas exploration and production company funded the research

The device uses a thumbnail-sized quantum cascade laser (QCL) as well as tuning forks that cost no more than a dime to detect very small amounts of nitrous oxide and methane.

and human activities, such as leakage from natural gas systems and the raising of livestock. uman activities such as agriculture, fossil fuel combustion, wastewater management,

and industrial processes are increasing the amount of nitrous oxide in the atmosphere. he warming impact of methane

For these reasons, methane and nitrous oxide detection is crucial to environmental considerations. QUARTZ TUNING FORK The small QCL has only become available in recent years,

and is far better able to detect trace amounts of gas than lasers used in the past.

When light at a specific wavelength is absorbed by the gas of interest localized heating of the molecules leads to a temperature

and pressure increase in the gas. f the incident light intensity is modulated, then the temperature and pressure will be as well,

That signal is proportional to the gas concentration. The unit can detect the presence of methane or nitrous oxide in just a second

he says. GETTING SMALLER To field test the device, the team installed it on a mobile laboratory used during NASA DISCOVER-AQ campaign, which analyzed pollution on the ground and from the air last September.

Tittel says. his was a milestone for trace-gas sensing, Ren says. ow wee trying to minimize the size of the whole system.

and use that energy to fuel autonomous walking along the carbon nanotube trackchoi says. The core is made of an enzyme that cleaves off part of a strand of RNA.

and developed the ability to react with oxide minerals rather than breathe oxygen as we do to convert organic nutrients into biological fuel.

and convert it into biological fuel their excess electrons flow into the carbon filaments and across to the positive electrode

which allows efficiently reprogramming unicellular life to make fuels, byproducts accessible from organic chemistry and smart devices.

A rocket s skin, for example, needs to contain a column of super-pressurized fuel and at the same time weigh as little as possible.

which to react methane and hydrogen. Nickel usually catalyses the formation of thick layers of graphite.

Once inside the abdominal cavity which has been filled with inert gas to make room for it to work the robot can remove an ailing appendix, cut pieces from a diseased colon or repair a perforated gastric ulcer.

The technology could also drive down operating costs for base stations in the developing world where these stations rely on expensive diesel fuel for power

#A new way to detect leaks in pipes Explosions caused by leaking gas pipes under city streets have made frequently headlines in recent years,

Now researchers at MIT and King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals (KFUPM) in Saudi arabia have devised a robotic system that can detect leaks at a rapid pace and with high accuracy by sensing a large pressure

The researchers have begun discussions with gas companies and water companies the system can also detect leaks in water pipes,

or in petroleum pipelines about setting up field tests under real-world conditions. Chatzigeorgiou presented the concept this month at the International Conference on Robotics and Automation in Hong kong,

In addition to their potential for dangerous explosions, leaking gas pipes can be a significant contributor to global warming:

Methane, the primary constituent of natural gas, is a greenhouse gas 25 times more potent than carbon dioxide.

and should be effective in gas, water, and oil pipes. MIT mechanical engineering professor Kamal Youcef-Toumi, a co-author of the research papers,

adds, his technology allows for an unambiguous and reliable sensing of very small leaks that often go undetected for long periods of time.

and to convert carbon dioxide to fuels for applications On earth and in space. Today industrial infrastructure manages basic resources linearly

along with carbon dioxide to produce biogas at a rate of up to 100 cubic feet per minute.

improves biogas quality, and enables a higher degree of automation. The biogas enters a connected cogeneration system for power conversion.

Depending on several site factors, this produces anywhere from 30 to 400 kilowatts of electricity. Treated wastewater exits the reactor with 80 to 90 percent of pollutants removed,

while producing small amounts of burnable methane, have gained popularity in the last few decades but such systems only function under specific circumstances,

In 2012, NASA began funding a Cambrian project, called Exogen, that uses electromethanogenesis to more efficiently extract oxygen or fuel from CO2 for long-duration space flights.

and fuel, release the oxygen that we breathe, and add beauty to our surroundings. Now, a team of MIT researchers wants to make plants even more useful by augmenting them with nanomaterials that could enhance their energy production

they also modified plants to detect the gas nitric oxide. Together these represent the first steps in launching a scientific field the researchers have dubbed lant nanobionics. lants are very attractive as a technology platform,

What is the impact of nanoparticles on the production of chemical fuels like glucose? Giraldo says.

Lean green machines The researchers also showed that they could turn Arabidopsis thaliana plants into chemical sensors by delivering carbon nanotubes that detect the gas nitric oxide,

In that case, both the plastic and the oil-based sauce are hydrophobic and interact together.

and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, carcinogenic compounds formed from incomplete combustion of fuels, from contaminated soil. The process is irreversible

#Toward a low-cost'artificial leaf'that produces clean hydrogen fuel For years scientists have been pursuing artificial leaf technology a green approach to making hydrogen fuel that copies plants'ability to convert sunlight into a form of energy they can use.

Automakers have started introducing hydrogen fuel cell vehicles which only emit water when driven. But making hydrogen which mostly comes from natural gas requires electricity from conventional carbon dioxide-emitting power plants.

Producing hydrogen at low cost from water using the clean energy from the sun would make this form of energy

and exposed to sunlight produces hydrogen gas. The scientists say that the technique could allow their technology to be scaled up at low cost.

if biochar a byproduct of the a process that converts plants materials into biofuel could be used in place of expensive activated carbon to make electrodes for supercapacitors.

The commercial separation process uses natural gas to react with superheated steam to strip away hydrogen atoms producing hydrogen fuel

is proof that hydrogen can be produced without burning fossil fuels. The scale is small, a little smaller than the diameter of spider silk.

Scaling this research up in the future may mean that you could replace the gas in your cars and generators with hydrogen greener option,

because burning hydrogen fuel emits only water vapor.""Many researchers are looking to inorganic materials for new sources of energy,

Her team's discovery may provide future consumers a biologically-inspired alternative to gasoline.""These are the types of discoveries we can make at Argonne,

we were able to demonstrate an energy-rich biologically-inspired alternative to gas.""This research,"Photoinduced Electron Transfer pathways in Hydrogen-Evolving Reduced graphene oxide-Boosted Hybrid Nano-Bio Catalyst,

652 F). Hydrogen gas was passed then through the chamber and the evaporated atoms from one of the materials were carried toward a cooler region of the tube

#U k. Supermarket To Run on Electricity Made From Its Own Rotting Food One U k. grocery store plans to power itself using biogas harvested from its own unsold, rotting produce.

which is fed by a combination of coal, natural gas, nuclear power plants and other sources. Sainsbury's will even sell any excess electricity it makes back to the grid.

during the last step, bacteria produce primarily carbon dioxide and methane gas. The Biffa plant separates the methane from the carbon dioxide,

then uses the resulting biomethane just like natural gas mined from the ground to produce electricity.

A 1. 5-kilometer-long cable carries the electricity back to the Cannock Sainsbury's store.

fossil fuel-produced carbon dioxide is considered different because that CO2 would have stayed in the ground, had a human not dug it up

The current prototype is quieter than a neighbor mowing the lawn with a gas-powered motor."

and reused for future applications. f the micromotors can use the environment as fuel, they will be more scalable, environmentally friendly and less expensive, Kevin Kaufmann,

affiliated with the Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Center for Artificial Low Dimensional Electronic systems (CALDES), reported a tunable band gap in BP,

Like graphene, BP is a semiconductor and also cheap to mass produce. The one big difference between the two is BP natural band gap

allowing the material to switch its electrical current on and off. The research team tested on few layers of BP called phosphorene

which is an allotrope of phosphorus. Keun Su Kim, an amiable professor stationed at POSTECH speaks in rapid bursts when detailing the experiment,

therefore we tuned BP band gap to resemble the natural state of graphene, a unique state of matter that is different from conventional semiconductors. he potential for this new improved form of black phosphorus is beyond anything the Korean team hoped for,

These findings could one day lead to super-dense low-power circuits as well as ultra-sensitive biosensors and gas sensors, the investigators added.

and ultra-sensitive and low-power biosensors and gas sensors to enhance the Internet of things. However, Banerjee cautions that TFETS are designed not for speed

software, and cloud system lets enterprises customize drones to check on gas pipelines, survey farm land, inspect cell towers, patrol property,

Scientists in Scotland have become the first in the world to produce biofuel capable of powering cars from residues of the whisky industry.

Edinburgh-based Celtic Renewables plans to build a production facility in central Scotland after manufacturing the first samples of biobutanol from by-products of whisky fermentation.

The company has been awarded £11 million to fund a new plant to make the biofuels. Transport minister Andrew Jones says advanced biofuels have the potential to save at least 60%of the greenhouse gas emissions from equivalent fossil fuel.

He said, "The technique could transform the Scottish whisky industry and generate up to £100 million of transport fuel a year."

"The latest biofuels use low value waste products to produce high value fuel and will help power modes of transport that cannot be electrified in the future such as heavy trucks or even aircraft.

A bacterial fermentation process known as Acetone-butanol-ethanol (ABE) produces acetone, n-Butanol, and ethanol from starch.

ABE fermentation was developed first in the UK a century ago, but died out in competition with the petrochemical industry.

but this time for advanced biofuel production using entirely sustainable raw materials.""Julie Hesketh-Laird from the Scotch whisky Association said,

"The production of biobutanol from draff and pot ale is another example of the industry putting its by-products to a good use to promote sustainability and jobs."

"Celtic in partnership with Ghent-based Biobase Europe Pilot Plant produced the first samples of biobutanol earlier this month.

Biobutanol is recognized now as an advanced biofuel a direct replacement for petrol. The biofuel is produced from draff the sugar rich kernels of barley soaked in water to facilitate the fermentation process necessary for whisky production and pot ale,

the copper-containing yeasty liquid that is left over following distillation. Scotland's distilleries currently produce around 750,000 tons of draff and 2 billion litres of pot ale annually

Scientists in Scotland have become the first in the world to produce biofuel capable of powering cars from residues of the whisky industry.

Edinburgh-based Celtic Renewables plans to build a production facility in central Scotland after manufacturing the first samples of biobutanol from by-products of whisky fermentation.

The company has been awarded £11 million to fund a new plant to make the biofuels. Transport minister Andrew Jones says advanced biofuels have the potential to save at least 60%of the greenhouse gas emissions from equivalent fossil fuel.

He said, "The technique could transform the Scottish whisky industry and generate up to £100 million of transport fuel a year."

"The latest biofuels use low value waste products to produce high value fuel and will help power modes of transport that cannot be electrified in the future such as heavy trucks or even aircraft.

A bacterial fermentation process known as Acetone-butanol-ethanol (ABE) produces acetone, n-Butanol, and ethanol from starch.

ABE fermentation was developed first in the UK a century ago, but died out in competition with the petrochemical industry.

but this time for advanced biofuel production using entirely sustainable raw materials.""Julie Hesketh-Laird from the Scotch whisky Association said,

"The production of biobutanol from draff and pot ale is another example of the industry putting its by-products to a good use to promote sustainability and jobs."

"Celtic in partnership with Ghent-based Biobase Europe Pilot Plant produced the first samples of biobutanol earlier this month.

Biobutanol is recognized now as an advanced biofuel a direct replacement for petrol. The biofuel is produced from draff the sugar rich kernels of barley soaked in water to facilitate the fermentation process necessary for whisky production and pot ale,

the copper-containing yeasty liquid that is left over following distillation. Scotland's distilleries currently produce around 750,000 tons of draff and 2 billion litres of pot ale annually

< Back - Next >

Overtext Web Module V3.0 Alpha
Copyright Semantic-Knowledge, 1994-2011