| Nervous system (126) |  |
| Neuroscience (3) | |
| Nervous system (126) | |
| Neuroscience (3) | |
They permanently bond to neurotransmitters in the brain, interfering with their ability to function and causing irreversible damage.
electrostimulators to change neural signals in the brain; and drug delivery systems to apply medicines directly to affected areas,
says William Newsome, professor of neurobiology and director of the Stanford Neurosciences Institute. Newsome, who was involved not in Poon experiments
because electroceutical approaches would use implantable devices to directly modulate activity in specific brain circuits.
act globally throughout the brain. o make electroceuticals practical, devices must be miniaturized, and ways must be found to power them wirelessly, deep in the brain, many centimeters from the surface,
he says. he Poon lab has solved a significant piece of the puzzle for safely powering implantable microdevices,
we can safely transmit power to tiny implants in organs like the heart or brain,
The brushing also stimulates the production of oxytocin as well as improving milk flow speed. The milk is moved from the arm through the rest of the system by means of compressed air impeller pumps.
even including boosting brain functions like memory and learning
#Will 3d printing bring space-based solar power to reality? Spiderfab 3-D robotic printer Since the 1970##s, space-based solar power has been a futuristic fantasy
and brain signaling with the potential to transform our understanding of how the brain worksnd how to treat its most devastating diseases.
"These disorders, such as Parkinson's, that involve malfunctioning nerve cells can lead to difficulty with the most mundane and essential movements that most of us take for granted:
ultraflexible electronics into the brain and allow them to become fully integrated with the existing biological web of neurons.
Long life though brain transplant into clones. Yes! I've always wanted to live long and prosper!
Long life though brain transplant into clones. Yes! I've always wanted to live long and prosper!
which provides the brains to each drone that Airware powers, the Ground Control Station that lets a single user operate a fleet of drones from a Windows laptop or tablet,
stopped brain cancer in rats by delivering gene therapy through nanoparticles. The nanoparticles deliver genes for an enzyme that converts a prodrug called ganciclovir into a glioma cell killer.
biomimetic membranes may aid water filtration August 1st, 2015take a trip through the brain July 30th, 2015sol-gel capacitor dielectric offers record-high energy storage July 30th,
When the understanding of complex networks such as the brain or the Internet is applied to geometry the results match up with quantum behavior September 13th,
When the understanding of complex networks such as the brain or the Internet is applied to geometry the results match up with quantum behavior September 13th,
When the understanding of complex networks such as the brain or the Internet is applied to geometry the results match up with quantum behavior September 13th,
When the understanding of complex networks such as the brain or the Internet is applied to geometry the results match up with quantum behavior September 13th, 2015announcements Building the electron superhighway:
When the understanding of complex networks such as the brain or the Internet is applied to geometry the results match up with quantum behavior September 13th,
#Brain Friendly Interface Could Change the Way People with Spinal cord Injuries Lead Their Lives Recent research published in the journal Microsystems
and spinal cord injury lead their lives. Instead of using neural prosthetic deviceshich suffer from immune-system rejection
has developed a brain-friendly extracellular matrix environment of neuronal cells that contain very little foreign material.
These by design electrodes are shielded by a covering that the brain recognizes as part of its own composition.
the brain is recognized now to have its own immune system that protects it against foreign invaders. his is not by any means the device that youe going to implant into a patient,
or synthetic materials. mplantable neural prosthetic devices in the brain have been around for almost two decades,
helping people living with limb loss and spinal cord injury become more independent. However not only do neural prosthetic devices suffer from immune-system rejection,
but most are believed to eventually fail because of a mismatch between the soft brain tissue and the rigid devices.
and Mark Allen of the University of Pennsylvania, found that the extracellular matrix derived electrodes adapted to the mechanical properties of brain tissue
and were capable of acquiring neural recordings from the brain cortex. eural interface technology is literally mind boggling,
this same methodology could then be applied in getting these extracellular matrix derived electrodes to be the next wave of brain implants,
The ECM-based design minimized the introduction of nonnatural products into the brain. Further, it rendered the implants sufficiently rigid for penetration into the target brain region
and allowed them subsequently to soften to match the elastic modulus of brain tissue upon exposure to physiological conditions,
thereby reducing inflammatory strain fields in the tissue. Preliminary studies suggested that ECM-NES produce a reduced inflammatory response compared with inorganic rigid and flexible approaches.
In vivo intracortical recordings from the rat motor cortex illustrate one mode of use for these ECM-NES. mall-Molecule-Driven Direct Reprogramming of Mouse Fibroblasts into Functional Neuronsby Xiang Li, Xiaohan Zuo
#Oxytocin Delivering Nasal Device to Treat Mental illness Researchers at the University of Oslo have tested a new device for delivering hormone treatments for mental illness through the nose.
This method was found to deliver medicine to the brain with few side effects. About one out of every hundred Norwegians develop schizophrenia or autism in the course of their lifetime.
Oxytocin is a hormone that influences social behaviour and has shown promise for the treatment of mental illness.
Researchers at Uio have discovered now that low doses of oxytocin may help patients with mental illness to better perceive social signals.
who have developed a new device designed to improve medicine delivery to the brain via the nose.
Further, oxytocin helps regulate cardiac functions and fluid levels. More recent research has revealed the importance of oxytocin for social behaviour.
Oxytocin is a neuropeptide and was discovered in 1953. Peptides are a group of molecules that consist of a chain of amino acids.
Amino acids are also known as the building blocks of proteins which we find in all types of cells.
Oxytocin is produced in the hypothalamus, which is the brain coordinating centre for the hormone system.
Medicine through the nosebecause of oxytocin role in social behaviour, researchers have explored the possibility of administering the hormone for the treatment of mental illness.
As oxytocin is a relatively large molecule, it has trouble crossing the barrier between the brain and circulating blood.
Thus, researchers have administered oxytocin to patients through the nose as this route offers a direct pathway to the brain that bypasses this barrier.
However, researchers have a poor understanding of how oxytocin reaches and affects the brain. The most effective dose for treatment has received also little research attention.
Professor Ole A. Andreassen and his research team have collaborated with Optinose on a project that evaluated two different doses of oxytocin
and on how they affect the way in which social signals are perceived. Low doses work bestsixteen healthy men received two different doses of oxytocin, along with placebo.
Volunteers were given also an intravenous dose of oxytocin, for a comparison of the effects of oxytocin in circulating blood.
The research showed that only those administered a low dose of oxytocin experienced an effect on how they perceived social signals.
Professor Ole A. Andreassen explains: he results show that intranasal administration, i e. introducing oxytocin through the nose,
affects the function of the brain. As no effect was observed after intravenous treatment, this indicates that intranasally administered oxytocin travels directly to the brain,
as we have believed long. The fact that we have shown the efficacy of a low dose of oxytocin on social perception is even more important.
A dose that is lower, but that still influences behaviour, will entail a lower risk of affecting other regulatory systems in the body.
Very high doses of oxytocin could, in fact, have the opposite effect on social behaviour. he scientists also discovered that individuals with larger nasal cavities had a stronger response to a low dose of oxytocin.
Breathing helpsoptinose uses a new technology to distribute medicine to the brain, making use of the user breath to propel medicine deep into the nasal cavity.
The device administers oxytocin high up into the patient nasal cavity. When the medicine is targeted deep inside the nose,
it enables brain delivery along nerve pathways from the uppermost part of the nasal cavity. Conventional nasal spray devices are suited not to consistently deliver medicine high up enough into the nose.
The device also expands the nasal cavity, facilitating nose-to-brain medicine delivery. As the user exhales into the device,
this closes the soft palate and prevents the medicine from being lost down the throat. Since less medicine is lost along the way
patients can take smaller doses and accordingly experience fewer side effects. May yield new treatmentsthe next step in the research is to carry out the same tests on people with mental illness. e are now running tests in volunteers diagnosed with autism spectrum disorders,
says Dr Quintana. e hope that this research project is the first step in the development of a series of new medicines that may be of great help to more people with mental illness,
concludes Professor Andreassen. Funding: The research was supported in part by the Indiana State department of Health (Grant#204200 to RS), National institutes of health (Grant#NS073636 to RS),
Full open access research for ow-dose oxytocin delivered intranasally with Breath Powered device affects social-cognitive behavior:
10.1038/tp. 2015. 93abstractlow-dose oxytocin delivered intranasally with Breath Powered device affects social-cognitive behavior:
a randomized four-way crossover trial with nasal cavity dimension assessmentdespite the promise of intranasal oxytocin (OT) for modulating social behavior,
inter-individual differences in nasal physiology and a poor understanding of how intranasal OT is delivered to the brain in humans.
Delivering OT using a novel reath Powerednasal device previously shown to enhance deposition in intranasal sites targeted for nose-to-brain transport,
These findings provide support for a direct nose-to-brain effect independent of blood absorption, of low-dose OT delivered from a Breath Powered device. ow-dose oxytocin delivered intranasally with Breath Powered device affects social-cognitive behavior:
a randomized four-way crossover trial with nasal cavity dimension assessmentby D S Quintana, L T Westlye, Ø G Rustan, N Tesli, C
The cell-sorting process can reduce cell viability and functions by 30 to 99 percent for many fragile or sensitive cells such as neurons, stem cells, liver cells and sperm cells.
although Colorado surgeons in 2008 took hearts from brain-damaged newborns after waiting only 75 seconds.
then quickly clamped off the blood supply to the brain and restarted the donor heart without removing it.
Massachusetts institute of technology, the brain trust from which CEI was hatched believes using Gan in data servers, electric vehicle inverters
#Argentine greenhouse robot brings automation to the masses BUENOS AIRES--The new Trakür agricultural robot does not have the brains, firepower or complexity of one of the Transformers,
sewn into pillows to monitor brain signals or applied to interactive textiles with heating and cooling capabilities. revious technologies have achieved similar functionalities,
which send the information to the brain. In a test, two weeks after surgery, Mr Flynn was able to detect the pattern of horizontal,
Scientists see the technology being used in remote laboratory settings to diagnose cancers and central nervous system disorders such as Alzheimer
#Scientists Develop Model for Robots with Bacterial Brains Forget the Vulcan mind-meld of the Star trek generation as far as mind control techniques go,
"We found that robots may indeed be able to function with a bacterial brain, he said.
into electrical impulses that can be read by the brain. The electronic signals are sent wirelessly on to an array of electrodes placed over the damaged cells at the back of the retina.
The impulses stimulate the retina remaining cells, resulting in the corresponding perception of patterns of light in the brain.
it is exhausting. his is new information that Ray brain is receiving and his brain now needs to get use to interpreting it. he Argus II retinal implant was used previously on 130 patients with the rare eye disease retinitis pigmentosa.
However, those patients, unlike Mr Flynn, had no peripheral vision. The new system is thought to be the first in the world that combines artificial and natural eyesight
and put them into nerve cells to transform them so that they can receive light. As well as helping blind people see,
the new field has given also insight into how the brain works. It can even be used to alter memories.
Instead it focuses on the ganglion cells behind them, which usually work to take the information between the rods and cells and the brain.
But the scientists hope that they can rewire those cells so that they become light-sensitive, by inserting the right molecules and shining light at them.
Remote-controlled Eradication of Astrogliosis in Spinal cord Injury via Electromagnetically-induced Dexamethasone Release from"Smart"Nanowireswen Gao and Richard Borgenswe describe a system to deliver drugs to selected tissues continuously,
and deposited onto a spinal cord lesion in Glial fibrillary acidic protein-luc Transgenic mices (GFAP-luc mice). Overexpression of GFAP is an indicator of astrogliosis/neuroinflammation in CNS injury.
and other complications, said team leader Richard Borgens, Purdue University's Mari Hulman George Professor of Applied Neuroscience and director of Purdue's Center for Paralysis Research."
but it is our hope that this could one day be used to deliver drugs directly to spinal cord injuries, ulcerations, deep bone injuries or tumors,
"The team tested the drug-delivery system in mice with compression injuries to their spinal cords
and scar formation in the central nervous system and found that it was reduced after one week of treatment.
GFAP is expressed in cells called astrocytes that gather in high numbers at central nervous system injuries. Astrocytes are a part of the inflammatory process and form a scar tissue,
Borgens said. A 1-2 millimeter patch of the nanowires doped with dexamethasone was placed onto spinal cord lesions that had been exposed surgically,
Borgens said. The lesions were closed then and an electromagnetic field was applied for two hours a day for one week.
Whether the reduction in astrocytes had any significant impact on spinal cord healing or functional outcomes was studied not.
sewn into pillows to monitor brain signals or applied to interactive textiles with heating and cooling capabilities.
Then they must demonstrate that a nervous system will develop. Results of hand transplants show that this happens through the recipient's nerve tissue penetrating into the hand
and paranoia, were triggered by a single pathway in the brain that was separate from the pathway that triggers the drug cancer-killing properties.
and the serotonin receptor-and these happened to be positioned very close together, which suggested that the drug was acting on both at the same time.
the team blocked the activity of a specific type of serotonin receptor-called 5ht2ar-in the brains of mice,
"These animals, lacking the serotonin receptor, showed differences only in the memory and mood tests-not in the pain tests,
if the same mechanisms are in play in human brains, and then see if they can mimic the same serotonin receptor-blocking effect they achieved in the mice.
Mccormick calls this effect a"Chinese wall"that sits between the serotonin and cannabinoid receptors, and thinks it could be the key to medical marijuana without the negative side effects."
"For me, the ideal drug would be in one of two scenarios: a drug that does not recognise the THC cannabinoid receptor when near serotonin,
or alternatively a drug you could add with THC that would provide that Chinese wall between the two,
Professor Mahiran said in pharmaceuticals an innovation has produced successfully a drugs delivery method to penetrate the'blood brain barrier'especially for diseases that are associated with the brain such as Alzheimer Parkinson epilepsy and meningitis.
Drugs are normally hard to make reach beyond the'blood brain barrier'.'Thus we created drugs through nanotechnology
sewn into pillows to monitor brain signals or applied to interactive textiles with heating and cooling capabilities. revious technologies have achieved similar functionalities,
< Back - Next >
Overtext Web Module V3.0 Alpha
Copyright Semantic-Knowledge, 1994-2011