And many drugs work by targeting specific membrane proteins.""Currently, scientists only know the structure of a small handful of membrane proteins.
Our research paves the way to understand the structure of the thousands of different types of membrane proteins to allow the development of many new drugs
#Targeted nanoparticles that combine imaging with two different therapies could attack cancer other conditions Nanosystems that are'theranostic'they combine both therapeutic and diagnostic functions present an exciting new opportunity for delivering drugs
and chemotherapy with triggered drug release through one light switch explains Liu emphasizing the significance of the system.
#Researchers develop green tea-based'missiles'to kill cancer cells more effectively Green tea has long been known for its antioxidant, anticancer, antiaging and antimicrobial properties.
A group of researchers from the Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (IBN) of A*STAR has taken the health benefits of green tea to the next level by using one of its ingredients to develop a drug delivery system
and deliver drugs to cancer cells. Our green tea nanocarrier not only delivered protein drugs more effectively to the cancer cells,
the combination of carrier and drug also dramatically reduced tumor growth compared with the drug alone.
This is an exciting breakthrough in nanomedicine said IBN Executive director Professor Jackie Y. Ying. A key challenge in chemotherapy is ensuring that the drugs are delivered only to the tumor
in order to avoid harming the surrounding healthy tissues and organs. To address this researchers have focused their efforts on developing more effective drug carriers.
When injected into the body these carriers act like homing missiles traveling through the body to zoom in on the target cells where they will release the cancer-destroying drugs.
A major stumbling block in designing more effective carriers for drugs has been the drug-to-carrier ratio.
Specifically the capacity of a particular carrier limits the amount of drug that it can deliver.
Effective therapy would typically require the administration of substantial amounts of drug-encapsulating vessels into the body.
To solve this problem IBN has designed a therapeutic nanocarrier for drug delivery using novel compounds derived from EGCG.
which can encapsulate drugs and proteins such as Herceptin, a protein drug currently used to treat breast cancer.
Polyethylene glycol (PEG)- EGCG was used to form the shell of this carrier. This novel compound is constituted of PEG
and PEG-EGCG shell protecting the protein drug from rapid proteolysis and renal clearance while providing for tumor targeting.
At the same time the drug accumulation in the other organs was lowered substantially by 70%in the liver and kidney and by 40%in the lungs.
and can boost cancer treatment when used together with the protein drug. Unlike conventional therapy our green tea carrier can eradicate more cancer cells
and accumulate significantly less drugs in vital organs where they could cause adverse side effects. This invention could pave the way for a better drug delivery system to fight cancer,
said Dr Motoichi Kurisawa IBN Principal Research Scientist and Team Leader. IBN has filed a patent on their green tea nanocarrier
Using these optical properties to characterize the nanosheets Kim determined that he could approximate ph. Kim envisions biomedical engineers wrapping drugs inside of scrolled nanosheets
or drugs securely inside the body said Kim. By encapsulating a dangerous substance such as a cancer-treating drug into a nanosheet doctors can attack very specific parts of the body.
This would decrease the amount of the drug necessary and minimize side effects. There are tons of smart polymers
and metals Kim said explaining the many properties he hopes to incorporate into nanotechnology. This new structure is composite
and can be controlled remotely allowing targeted drug transport in the body for example. Nanovesicles for transporting drugs to correct locations in the body-that's the idea.
On 24 september chemists and physicists from Radboud University will publish results from a seminal intermediate step in Nature Communications:
It had already been possible to'load'them with a drug and open them elsewhere.
which can be used to develop precisely targeted drug therapies are a current focus in the emerging field of pharmacogenomics.
and elegant nanoprobe for assessing sensitivity to the drug warfarin. To develop the nanoprobe Jackie Ying at the A*STAR Institute of Bioengineering
whether a patient will tolerate the drug or suffer serious side effects. The researchers used gold nanoparticles attached to short sections of DNA that bind to specific complementary sequences of DNA through the base pairing that holds together double-stranded DNA.
but allowing select molecules such as drugs to get through. This critical front line of cellular defence is made up of a layer of fatty lipids just a few nanometres thick.
#Nanoscale biodegradable drug-delivery method could provide a year or more of steady doses About one in four older adults suffers from chronic pain.
Many of those people take medication usually as pills. But this is not an ideal way of treating pain:
and can suffer side effects since the contents of pills spread through the bloodstream to the whole body.
and other drugs to be released directly to specific parts of the bodynd in steady doses over a period of up to 14 months.
The method uses biodegradable nanoscale thin films laden with drug molecules that are absorbed into the body in an incremental process.
Now we're looking at a way of creating an extremely thin film or coating that's very dense with a drug and yet releases at a constant rate for very long time periods.
In the paper published today in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences the researchers describe the method used in the new drug-delivery system
and release the drug for more than a year without having to go in and do anything about it says Bryan Hsu Phd'14 who helped develop the project as a doctoral student in Hammond's lab. You don't have to go recover it.
Normally to get long-term drug release you need a reservoir or device something that can hold back the drug.
And it's typically nondegradable. It will release slowly but it will either sit there
The research project tackles a difficult problem in localized drug delivery: Any biodegradable mechanism intended to release a drug over a long time period must be sturdy enough to limit hydrolysis a process by which the body's water breaks down the bonds in a drug molecule.
If too much hydrolysis occurs too quickly the drug will not remain intact for long periods in the body.
Yet the drug-release mechanism needs to be designed such that a drug molecule does in fact decompose in steady increments.
To address this the researchers developed what they call a layer-by-layer technique in
which drug molecules are attached effectively to layers of thin-film coating. In this specific case the researchers used diclofenac a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug that is often prescribed for osteoarthritis and other pain or inflammatory conditions.
We found that it remains active after being released Hsu says meaning that the new method does not damage the efficacy of the drug.
Or as the paper notes the layer-by-layer method produced substantial COX inhibition at a similar level to pills.
The method also allows the researchers to adjust the quantity of the drug being delivered essentially by adding more layers of the ultrathin coating.
an illness such as tuberculosis for instance requires at least six months of drug therapy. It's not only viable for diclofenac Hsu says.
This strategy can be applied to a number of drugs. Indeed other researchers who have looked at the paper say the potential medical versatility of the thin-film technique is of considerable interest.
To be sure in each case researchers will have to figure out how best to bind the drug molecule in question to a biodegradable thin-film coating.
With graphene droplets now easy to produce, researchers say this opens up possibilities for its use in drug delivery and disease detection.
it could be used for controlled drug release applications.""Drug delivery systems tend to use magnetic particles
which are very effective but they can't always be used because these particles can be toxic in certain physiological conditions,
and deliver drugs to target cells in the human body. Recently researchers created nanoparticles that under the right conditions self-assemble trapping complementary guest molecules within their structure.
and force them to interact exclusively in the intracellular environment can evolve into a valuable strategy to activate drugs inside cells Raymo says.
#Nanoparticles could provide easier route for cell therapy UT Arlington physics researchers may have developed a way to use laser technology to deliver drug and gene therapy at the cellular level without damaging surrounding tissue.
#Antimicrobial coatings with a long-term effect for surfaces Researchers at the INM Leibniz Institute for New Materials have produced now antimicrobial abrasion-resistant coatings with both silver
Researchers at the INM Leibniz Institute for New Materials have produced now antimicrobial abrasion-resistant coatings with both silver
The researchers claim their nanoparticle bar codes could be used with paper metals fluids and even drugs.
explosive derivative drug polymer and ink. This method has high labeling capacity owing to the small sizes of nanoparticles sharp melting peaks
and cost-effective genetic test to determine the correct dosage of blood thinning drugs for the treatment of stroke,
we have developed a new genetic test that can determine the appropriate drug dosage to be administered for each patient."
"Blood thinning drugs or anticoagulant medication prevent clots from forming in the blood. They are used to treat stroke, irregular heartbeat and deep vein thrombosis.
Warfarin is the most widely prescribed oral anticoagulant drug. But the dosage for each individual is highly variable,
allowing for'evil twins'of drugs to be identified with much greater sensitivity. Researchers from the University of Cambridge have used this relationship, in combination with powerful lasers and nanopatterned gold surfaces
The drug that was prescribed to patients however, was a mix of both forms, resulting in more than 10,000 children worldwide being born with serious birth defects,
which could be useful in the development of new drugs. The results are published in the journal Advanced Materials.
which would result in very high sensitivity for measuring the chiral purity of drugs. The researchers also used tiny gold structures, known as plasmonic nanostructures, to focus the beams of light.
"Together, these technologies could help ensure that new drugs are safe and pure. r
#Silly Putty material inspires better batteries Using a material found in Silly Putty and surgical tubing, a group of researchers at the University of California,
#To make it happen the team removed parts of skull from three patients experiencing frequent drug-resistant epileptic seizures then attached a packet of electrodes to their exposed brains.
#Preventing Superbugs By Deactivating Antibiotics With A Flash Of Light Bacterial resistance is becoming one of the most serious problems in the medical world
and distributing antibiotics to kill bacteria that as the antibiotics build up in the environment the bacteria are becoming immune.
They are turning into superbugs resistant to all our best efforts necessitating ever more powerful antibiotics
Scientists at the University of Groningen have developed a possible solution that involves automatic deactivation of antibiotics.
Some types of antibiotics rely on shape to do their duties; they have to stick to certain enzymes in the human body to inhibit various bodily functions that allow the bacteria to live.
The particular antibiotics used by the Dutch scientists are called quinolones which are shaped sort of like a letter C to attach to the enzyme they're targeting.
But if the shape is changed the antibiotic is useless; it can't bind to the enzyme it's aiming for
but also does not contribute to the buildup of effective antibiotics in the environment. So the scientists attached an azobenzene a very simple chemical compound that responds strongly to light to the quinolones.
Even better since antibiotics sometimes cause damage on their way to infected areas you can turn these modified antibiotics on at will so they don't attack healthy bacteria in the body.#
since it's hard to blast antibiotics that are inside the human body with light or heat.
Scientists have looked previously into sewer sensors as a way to examine drug usage on a citywide level.
#Drug Cures Mice Of Down syndrome With A Single Dose Cure Down syndrome with a single injection?
A team of scientists from John Hopkins University and the National institutes of health have cured newborn mice of Down syndrome by injecting them with a drug that stimulates
But the drug is a long way from becoming a human cure. The Hedgehog pathway plays an important role
However if a drug were given in utero it potentially could make a difference as it might alter the genes before they were expressed.
#How To Detect Counterfeit Drugs Growing up in Pakistan in the 1980s, Muhammad Zaman and his family always knew which pharmacy to trust
The crisis of poor quality drugs is worst in the developing world, where regulatory oversight is weak
The bogus-drug trade isn't just a problem for the world's poorest patients:
but hardly a week goes by without federal health officials warning about fake Viagra, Tamiflu, Botox,
Last year, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) warned consumers about fakes of Adderall, the attention-deficit-disorder drug,
and researchers like Zaman are working to make sure that the drugs people take are what they're supposed to be.
Detecting dangerous or substandard drugs is generally difficult. Verifying a medication's manufacturing origin is simple only when it comes from a big
where it combines with a molecule designed to bind solely with the drug in question. Binding sets off a fluorescent probe,
The process reveals how much of the drug is present and how quickly it dissolves, and takes 15 minutes or less."
Some drugs are entirely fakenake oil, sawdust, chalk. But others, particularly those in developing countries, might contain an ineffective amount of medicine or release the right amount in the wrong way;
Pharmacheck is designed to recognize these drugs as well. Too strong a signal right away could mean that the medicine wasn't made properly
Too weak a signal means there might not be enough of the active ingredient to be effective (in antibiotics,
Some drugs are entirely fake. Others contain an ineffective amount of medicine. Meanwhile, the FDA is ramping up deployment of its own handheld scanners,
which detect changes in a drug's ingredients and packaging to help determine its provenance.
where counterfeit drugs slip into the country, and more at other points of entry. While not as sophisticated as Zaman's Pharmacheckd-3 can't determine a pill's dose
or how it's released in the bodyda officials say the device is great for screening lots of drugs.
This spring the agency signed an agreement with Corning to continue refining CD-3 for later large-scale manufacturing.
Its convenient and still-unnamed product lab on a piece of paper the size of a business cardirectly detects a drug's ingredients.
Each paper can detect one type of drug. Rub some crushed Tylenol or antimalarial on it, for example, dip it in water,
and the results are rendered in colors. Users then send a photo of the paper to an automatic Web service for a"real"or"fake"response.
#Which Drugs Actually Kill Americans Infographic Death reporting in the U s. requires an underlying cause the event or disease that lead to the death.
That's where cocaine or antidepressants would show up. The subcategories are limited in their detail many drugs are lumped together like MDMA and caffeine
which are listed together as psychostimulants. And about a quarter of all overdose death certificates don't have the toxicity test results listed at all landing them in the unspecified stripe.
Nearly three-quarters of the pharmaceuticals deaths are opioid analgesics prescription painkillers like Oxycontin and Vicodin.
And while cocaine heroin and alcohol are all responsible for enough deaths to warrant their own stripes on the chart many popular illegal drugs including marijuana
if a person had listed multiple drugs on their death certificate they're being counted twice here.
when its got Marijuana lumped in with all of the truly dangerous drugs. MARIJUANA has caused NEVER a single case of overdose in all of human history.
Tobacco kills more Americans than all of these drugs+pharma=COMBINED!**400000 Americans killed by Tobacco each year.
Drug laws are divorced from reality. They only serve to support the drug trade. We cannot continue to lie to drug users
and expect them to take us seriously. They know better than anyone that all drugs are not bad and all pharmaceuticals are not safe either.
Why would our children listen to us if they think we are fools? Looks like Alcohol overdoses have doubled in the last few years as well.@
Taylorjusher That is because people are believing the lie that legal drugs are safe and illegal ones are dangerous.
while the reckless outlaws using overpriced contaminated incorrectly dosed illegal drugs are still alive and partying.
The elderly obese man had drugs in his system as he stepped in front of the bus that squished him running away from his angry wife with that machete.
More proof that the war on drugs is a wasteful fallacy. Absolute BS. I don't know where they got these statistics but
Alcohol and opioids like heroin have got to be the drugs causing the most death..The graph is anything but clear.
Auroria I agree that sugar is a drug and that is extremely unhealthy (I avoid it).
In that same time green pharma related drug deaths increased from 2. 7 to 9. 9 per 100000 per year (1. 8cm by ruler to 6. 6cm where 25%=16. 6cm
Something like Deaths by Drug Overdose Group by Drug would have been a billion times better. Please be more responsible.
1. This chart shows deaths caused by drug overdose. It does not show deaths from chronic health problems caused by drug use nor accidents (car crashes falls) nor suicides while intoxicated.
If all these other deaths were shown the death count for alcohol would be much much greater. 2. Overdose deaths from cannabis LSD magic mushrooms
People concentrate on illegal drugs when legal drugs kill many times more. In France Alcool is third biggest killer.
Here government encourage to drink wine
#Something Is Killing Up to Half Of America's Bees There's some kind of environmental issue/plague/apocalypse killing America's honeybees
#Editing The Genes Of Superbugs To Turn off Antibiotic Resistance Over the past decade deadly bacteria such as MRSA C. difficile
and even tuberculosis#have developed numerous mechanisms to keep themselves alive at all cost#mostly against antibiotics.
Some bacteria have the ability to pump invading antibiotics out of their cells. Others can produce an enzyme called NDM-1
which#chews up these drugs essentially#rendering them ineffective. These new special powers all lie in the bacteria s genes
Led by Timothy Lu the team developed their own gene-editing system capable of turning off certain bacterial genes that spur antibiotic resistance.
and even brain cancer but the MIT researchers are the first to use them to combat antibiotic resistance.#
Bacteria will often pass genes to one another so over time they will receive the antibiotic-resistant genes from their neighbors.
either to strengthen antibiotics or to kill the bacteria altogether. By removing the bacteria s genes that make them antibiotic-resistant CRISPR can boost the effectiveness of existing drugs.
But if CRISPR is designed to remove the bacteria s genes that make them deadly in the first place the system can effectively destroy the infection.
According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention at least 2 million people become infected with antibiotic-resistant bacteria each year in the United states resulting in at least 23000 deaths.
As antibiotic resistance becomes an even greater concern Lu hopes their technique will provide a suitable alternative as well as a way of outsmarting bacteria in the future.
The benefit of this technology is you can reprogram the antimicrobial to keep up with evolution Lu says.
The World health organization has declared that it is ethical to use experimental drugs in this outbreak? allowing some potential treatments to skip clinical trials that would validate the drug's safety and efficacy?
and U s. federal agencies want to fast-track human trials of a promising vaccine. If all goes well,
Scientists have been conducting research on micrometre-sized actuators that one day may make it possible to transport drugs or chemical sensor molecules to specific locations throughout the human body.
We want controllers to steer them to do useful tasks such as targeted drug delivery and mobile sensing.
paves way for personalized drug treatments Panasonic, together with the Belgium-based research institution IMEC, has developed a DNA TESTING chip that automates all stages of obtaining genetic information,
we can determine that this drug will work for this person, or this drug will have severe side-effects on that person.
Investigating SNPS enables tailor-made therapy. But with the current method, it has to be done in a specialized lab,
announced that the RP-VITA Remote Presence Robot has received 510 (k) clearance by the U s. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for use in hospitals.
Drug delivery was via an intraperitoneal injection i e. an injection into the body cavity. While the results were outstanding more work needed to be done before this solution could be taken out of a lab situation and into a real world one.
but that is also capable of electrical stimulation and local drug delivery and this over several weeks in vivo was no small task
New research gives the first evidence of how this might be possible by treating mice with a new drug that made cancer cells less likely to grow in other parts of the body.
The team then used a drug in the mice with cancer that fools this oxygen sensor into behaving
They found that the cancer was then less likely to spread in those mice that had been treated with the drug than in those that hadn.
The new guidelines also call for offering the drugs to prevent HIV infectiono-called pre-exposure prophylaxis,
#Designer antibodies may rid body of AIDS virus Anti-HIV drugs have extended life for millions of people,
whether drugs can shock cells that are infected with latent HIV to make new viruses, setting them up for the kill by the natural immune response.
#Researchers identify new target for anti-malaria drugs A new target for drug development in the fight against the deadly disease malaria has been discovered by researchers at MIT.
the researchers describe how they identified the drug target while studying the way in which the parasites Toxoplasma gondii,
they could be used as a drug target against the diseases they cause, including malaria, he says. his very strongly suggests that you could find small-molecule drugs to target these pores,
which there are no effective antibiotics, says Timothy Lu, an associate professor of electrical engineering and computer science and biological engineering. hese bacteriophages are designed in a way that relatively modular.
Customizable viruses The Food and Drug Administration has approved a handful of bacteriophages for treating food products,
which there are few new antibiotics. This group also includes microbes that can cause respiratory, urinary,
One advantage of the engineered phages is that unlike many antibiotics, they are very specific in their targets. ntibiotics can kill off a lot of the good flora in your gut,
"Conventionally, cells cultured on the surface of plastic dishes have been used to identify new drug targets, test chemical toxicity,
including tumor metastasis and drug/toxin sensitivity.""This is important as pharmaceutical companies and regulatory agencies look for new,
including regenerative medicine strategies involving therapeutic cells, multifunctional drug delivery, surgical implants, and tissue engineered medical products.
#New technology could speed up lifesaving drug discoveries A team of researchers from our University has developed a revolutionary new biochip device that will lead to a faster
and more cost effective way of discovering new lifesaving drugs. Preventing kinase over-activity The'Phosphosense'technology screens compounds for use in drugs
and select which one can be developed into drugs to fight against diseases. The device was developed at Bath by researchers Dr Pedro Estrela and Phd student Nikhil Bhalla in the Department of Electronic & Electrical engineering, Dr Mirella Di Lorenzo in the Department of Chemical engineering,
Revolutionising drug discovery Dr Giordano Pula, Lecturer in the Department of Pharmacy & Pharmacology said:"
"This technology has the potential to change the drug discovery process as we know it
and facilitate the development of new drugs for diseases like cancer, stroke and dementia.""The simplicity is the strength of this technology.
"The work, published in the Nature Group journal Scientific Reports, explains how this technology identifies potential new drugs by combining semiconductor devices that measure protein kinase activity by calculating ph change,
which signifies the effectiveness of a potential drug compound in blocking kinase activity y
#Getting the perfect fit for artificial hips When a patient receives a new hip, it is adjusted usually only approximately to leg length.
can also be tested for drug discovery using our strategy.""The research team evaluated about 6,
000 compounds from both the KU Chemical Methodologies and Library Development Center and the Food and Drug Administration in a process known as"High Throughput Screening,"hunting for compounds that obstruct Hur's interface with healthy
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