Antibiotics give rise to new communities of harmful bacteria More information: Interfacial self-assembly of a bacterial hydrophobin, PNAS, www. pnas. org/cgi/doi/10.1073/pnas. 141901611 1
Thus, the combined treatment with inhibitors of fork reversal and currently used chemotherapeutics could improve the specificity of these drugs toward cancer cells."
"For some drugs, having the correct'handedness'is essential as you need the right key in the lock to make the drugs work.
Stealing oil has become a lucrative activity among drug cartels, forcing Pemex to stop shipping finished fuel through its pipelines after discovering 3, 674 illegal taps last year.
#New Polymer Gel Could Create Edible Devices for Ultra-Long Drug Delivery A team of scientists has developed a polymer gel that could allow for the development of long-acting devices that reside in the stomach,
including orally delivered capsules that can release drugs over a number of days, weeks, or potentially months following a single administration.
including prolonged drug delivery, electronic monitoring, and weight-loss intervention. However, these devices, often created with nondegradable elastic polymers, bear an inherent risk of intestinal obstruction as a result of accidental fracture or migration.
including orally delivered capsules that can release drugs over a number of days, weeks, or potentially months following a single administration.
or extended-release drug-delivery systems that could last for weeks or months after a single administration. his delivery system provides a flexible and smooth external covering that slowly disintegrates,
which could release drugs or small devices for monitoring and imaging the GI TRACT, says Edith Mathiowitz,
In particular, the authors say they are excited for the drug-delivery applications of this technology. With further work in adjusting the polymer composition or the design of the system
they say that they could tailor devices to release drugs over a specific timeframe of up to weeks or months at a time.
MIT is negotiating an exclusive license agreement with Lyndra, an early-stage biotechnology company developing novel oral drug-delivery systems,
Ie not seen previously enabling patients to swallow a single pill that can then act for whatever length of time is desired,
In a March 2015 commentary piece in Nature, Traverso and Langer wrote that the GI TRACT is an area rife with opportunity for prolonged drug delivery in tackling this global health problem.
The findings open the door to new possibilities for developing drugs to fight asthma as well as other diseases
This would represent a quantum leap in antiviral therapy, says Fussenegger, who was involved not in the study.
This enzyme activates a harmless drug precursor called CB 1954 which the researchers added to the petri dish where the cells were growing.
Its development could usher in a new generation of portable sensors that can use polarized light for applications ranging from drug screening to quantum computing.
Chirality is critically important in drugs because whether they are left handed or right handed determines their biological activity.
Having a portable sensor capable of detecting a drug chirality could be a game changer. nexpensive CPL detectors could be integrated into the drug production process to provide real time sensing of drugs
in a press release. ortable detectors could be used to determine drug chirality in hospitals and in the field. n research published in the journal Nature Communications,
The team is currently using the tool to etect the presence of malaria-related drug resistance. g
which will inform the drug discovery process. And hemophilia is just the first chronic disease that the company will tackle.
#Hack Helps Patients Prevent Adverse Drug Reactions For anyone who ever Googled hat happens when you take prescription drug with other prescription drug,
to learn about adverse reactions to prescription drugs. his allows you to put in the drugs youe taking,
or post it work that scientists are doing to tie that drug to an adverse event.
idodrugs. club first identifies the chemical ingredient in the drug you enter. italin, for instance, is the brand name that most people probably recognize,
Unfortunately, lcoholdoes not count as a drug on this platform, at least from my own (brief) research.
while youe still taking those antibiotics you were prescribed last week for your sinus infection. The hack is potentially a lot more useful for patients with serious conditions who are taking multiple prescription drugs for an extended period of time.
For the results, a team of researchers used different types of an analytical chemistry technique to analyse the fingerprints of patients attending drug treatment services.
and not whether they have taken actually the drug. When someone has taken cocaine, they excrete traces of benzoylecgonine
and methylecgonine as they metabolise the drug and these chemical indicators are present in fingerprint residue.
It is anticipated that this technology could see the introduction of portable drug tests for law enforcement agencies to use within the next decade.
For the results, a team of researchers used different types of an analytical chemistry technique to analyse the fingerprints of patients attending drug treatment services.
and not whether they have taken actually the drug. When someone has taken cocaine, they excrete traces of benzoylecgonine
and methylecgonine as they metabolise the drug and these chemical indicators are present in fingerprint residue.
It is anticipated that this technology could see the introduction of portable drug tests for law enforcement agencies to use within the next decade.
new effective drugs are increasingly available to treat the disease and prevent deformed joints. To conduct the research, scientists from University college Dublin and the University of Sheffield,
#More effective drugs for diabetes in the offing Scientists have found a new way to lower blood sugar levels by reducing glucose production in the liver,
paving the way for more effective drugs for type 2 diabetes. Some treatments for type 2 diabetes make the body more sensitive to insulin,
"We think this strategy could lead to more effective drugs for type 2 diabetes, "said principal investigator Brian N Finck, associate professor of medicine in the Division of Geriatrics and Nutritional Science."
"A drug that shuts down glucose production has the potential to help millions of people affected by the most common form of diabetes,
and the biopharmaceutical company Metabolic Solutions Development Co. The company is involved in clinical trials that are evaluating the drug compound MSDC-0602 as a treatment for diabetes.
#New drug approach could overcome antibiotic resistance WASHINGTON: Researchers have discovered a new group of antibiotics that may provide relief to those affected by antibiotic resistance.
The new antibiotics target the bacteria Staphylococcus aureus, or staph, and the antibiotic resistant strains commonly known as MRSA, short for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
In 2013, invasive MRSA infections were estimated responsible for an 9, 937 deaths in the US, researchers said.
Although current infection rates are declining, the majority of these deaths, about 8, 150, were associated with inpatient stays in health care facilities, according to the Active Bacterial Core surveillance report by the Centres for Disease Control and Prevention in US.
The discovery shows that the potential new antibiotics are unlike contemporary antibiotics because they contain iridium,
which is important for delivery of antibiotics to where they are needed to fight infections in the body.
Researchers showed the antibiotics effectively kill the bacteria without inhibiting mammalian cells. A version of the antibiotic was tested for toxicity in mice with no ill effects."
"Within the next few years, we hope to identify various characteristics of these antibiotics, such as their stability, their distribution and concentration in animal tissue, their penetration into white blood cells,
and their metabolism in animals,"said Joseph Falkinham, a professor of microbiology in the College of Science and an affiliate of the Virginia Tech Centre for Drug Discovery.
The team is currently testing the compounds in human cell lines and so far, the cells have remained normal and healthy.
This enzyme activates a harmless drug precursor called CB 1954, which the researchers added to the petri dish where the cells were growing.
"In the lab, 100 mealworms ate between 34 and 39 milligrams of Styrofoam-about the weight of a small pill-per day.
"In the lab, 100 mealworms ate between 34 and 39 milligrams of Styrofoam-about the weight of a small pill-per day.
which is also a clinically used drug, "said co-author Hongtao Zhang, from the Perelman School of medicine at the University of Pennsylvania in US.
"A drug that interferes with these initial metabolic changes could make very effective treatment for myeloma,
3d printed pills that can be taken orally. What more, Aprecia have just been awarded FDA approval for the first of 3d printed drug of its kind, the epilepsy drug Spritam.
The company in question is a relatively young pharmaceutical company based in East Winsor, New jersey, and claims to be the world only company to utilize 3d printing technology to develop drugs.
And as they say in their press release, Spritam is only the first of the 3d printed drugs they are planning to develop.
As the company argues, their new drug could play a key role in treating a variety of seizure afflictions.
It a prescription adjunctive therapy in the treatment of partial onset seizures myoclonic seizures and primary generalized tonic-clonic seizures in adults and children with epilepsy,
This new drug is set to be released in the first quarter of 2016. But why, you can rightly ask,
does a drug like this need to be 3d printed? Surely epilepsy drugs already exist? Well you would be absolutely right,
but the company argues that many patients have reported finding it difficult swallowing the large pills necessary. n my experience,
And while most pills disintegrate when put in a glass of water, these 3d printed pills are (as you can see in the clip below) insanely quick. precia developed its Zipdose Technology platform using the 3dp technology that originated at MIT.
Using 3dp as a catalyst, Aprecia is developing formulations of medicines that rapidly disintegrate with a sip of liquid, even at high dose loads,
He further stated that this same approach will be used on other drugs in the near future as well. his is the first in a line of central nervous system products Aprecia plans to introduce as part of our commitment to transform the way patients experience taking medication,
this 3d printed approach to drugs does open up a wide range of options for more customized drugs.
Tao Levy, an analyst at Wedbush Securities, has speculated already that this could be used to develop custom drugs featuring a dosage perfect for a single patient,
and 3d printed drugs could be a welcome addition to that system. In short, Spritam is definitely paving the way for a new generation of 3d printed drugs.
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as China's Food and Drug Administration announced that China's self-developed 3d printed hip replacement (joint) has been certified commercially,
adding that he hopes that these 3d printed hip parts will act as promotional pieces within the drug administration system. t is said that at the end of year,
Developed to be swallowed just like a large pill (it is a bit bigger than a small coin),
3d printed Wearable If a Makerbot Replicator 3d printer can be used in pharmacological research labs for advances studies on how to administer cancer fighting drugs,
as a drug delivery system, as well. Chen and Wang have conducted demonstrations to show the great potential of combining 3d printing with nanoengineering, installing polydiacetylene (PDA) nanoparticles within the microfish.
"or manipulating drug delivery in the human body. Co-author Bruce Drinkwater, Professor of Ultrasonics at the University of Bristol, said
similar to an ultrasound scanner but for manipulating particles (that is, drug capsules, kidney stones or microsurgical instruments),
However he was excited most about the technology's potential in treating diseases such as cancer by delivering drugs more efficiently."
"If we could hold drugs (or more likely microcapsules with drugs inside) in the place where they are needed
and then slowly release them we could use much smaller doses, which would result in less side effects,
through the development of telomerase enhancing drugs. At the same time, while telomere damage already occurs in normal aging,
Cheap, lightweight and portable, the advanced nebulizer delivers precise drug doses to patients with life-threatening
Professor Leslie Yeo, Director of RMIT University Micronanophysics Research Laboratory, said the Respite technology had the potential to revolutionize how patients were treated with drugs
Yeo commented that conventional puffers only manage to get 30 percent of the drugs into the lungs,
the rest of the drug gets lost in the mouth. This is a problem when the drug delivered is expensive due to the wastage.
In addition, traditional inhalers also require band-breath coordination to administration, which would require the elderly and very young patients to be taught to avoid misuse. he most important aspect of our device is that it does not require inhalation to generate the aerosols as with the ubiquitous inhalers,
The Respite technology uses sound waves to excite the surface of the fluid or drug. This generates a fine mist capable of delivering much larger molecules directly to the lungs.
The device delivers drugs at rates of up to 3 ml/min, compared to the much smaller doses of 0. 4 ml/min benchmark of current nebulizers.
Yeo believes that Respitetm has a huge potential to deliver drugs for lung cancer patients. he five-year survival rate for lung cancer remains around 15 percent
and scientists a potential drug target to influence the behavior of the circadian clock. This new target may make it possible to counter the effects of jet lag
when drugs should be administered to modify circadian rhythms so that they are most effective. The next step for the team is to test their predictions in an animal model.
"So for clinicians, harnessing microbubble to nanoparticle conversion may be a powerful new tool that enhances drug delivery to tumours,
low-cost method to build DNA NANOTUBES block by block a breakthrough that could help pave the way for scaffolds made from DNA strands to be used in applications such as optical and electronic devices or smart drug-delivery systems.
while Sleiman uses DNA chemistry to design new materials for drug delivery and diagnostic tools.
#Genisphere Reports Successful Treatment of Posterior Capsular Opacification using 3dna Drug Delivery Platform Genisphere LLC,
The targeted 3dna approach is similar to that of an antibody drug conjugate (ADC), but delivers 100 times more of the drug to the targeted cells than an ADC
and has observed no toxicity. Additional studies testing this formulation in rabbits undergoing cataract surgery are ongoing with Drs.
and 3dna nanocarriers can deliver a variety of drug cargoes, we can easily generate targeted drugs for many of these indications."
"He added, "Genisphere's partnership model for development of nanotherapeutics has set the path forward for clinical testing and future commercialization of these and other candidates. t
#Heart-on-a-Chip Device Holds Promise for Drug-Screening When UC Berkeley bioengineers say they are holding their hearts in the palms of their hands,
The system could one day replace animal models for drug safety screening. Photo by Anurag Mathur, Healy Lab) Instead, the research team led by bioengineering professor Kevin Healy is presenting a network of pulsating cardiac muscle cells housed in an inch-long silicone device that effectively models human heart tissue,
and they have demonstrated the viability of this system as a drug-screening tool by testing it with cardiovascular medications.
March 9) in the journal Scientific Reports, represents a major step forward in the development of accurate, faster methods of testing for drug toxicity.
The project is funded through the Tissue Chip for Drug Screening Initiative an interagency collaboration launched by the National institutes of health to develop 3-D human tissue chips that model the structure and function of human organs. ltimately,
these chips could replace the use of animals to screen drugs for safety and efficacy, said Healy.
The study authors noted a high failure rate associated with the use of nonhuman animal models to predict human reactions to new drugs.
and type between humans and other animals. any cardiovascular drugs target those channels, so these differences often result in inefficient and costly experiments that do not provide accurate answers about the toxicity of a drug in humans,
said Healy. t takes about $5 billion on average to develop a drug, and 60 percent of that figure comes from upfront costs in the research and development phase.
Using a well-designed model of a human organ could significantly cut the cost and time of bringing a new drug to market.
The heart cells were derived from human-induced pluripotent stem cells, the adult stem cells that can be coaxed to become many different types of tissue.
mimicking the exchange by diffusion of nutrients and drugs with human tissue. In the future this setup could also allow researchers to monitor the removal of metabolic waste products from the cells. his system is not a simple cell culture where tissue is being bathed in a static bath of liquid,
it replicates how tissue in our bodies actually gets exposed to nutrients and drugs. The heart cells were derived from human-induced pluripotent stem cells,
mimicking the exchange by diffusion of nutrients and drugs with human tissue. In the future, this setup could also allow researchers to monitor the removal of metabolic waste products from the cells. his system is not a simple cell culture where tissue is being bathed in a static bath of liquid,
it replicates how tissue in our bodies actually gets exposed to nutrients and drugs. e
as well as antiviral therapy to combat already-existing infections, particularly challenging",says Dr. Grant Hansman, a virologist who leads the CHS Research Group on Noroviruses at the German Cancer Research center (Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, DKFZ) and Heidelberg University.
this could be a very promising lead in developing norovirus antiviral therapy. This could be especially beneficial to immunosuppressed individuals such as cancer patients.
However, if he or she has the option of receiving an antiviral to eliminate the infection,
different drugs are used to treat different types of asthma patients. If you know what a person immunophenotype is
The drug paclitaxel has been used for decades to fight breast, ovarian, lung and other cancers. But its effectiveness has been limited by its small molecular size
and insolubility in water--properties that allow the body to clear the drug too quickly,
Many molecular packaging systems have been developed to deliver the drug while counteracting these effects, with a protein-bound version of the drug called Abraxane currently the leading therapy.
But Ashutosh Chilkoti professor and chair of the Department of Biomedical engineering at Duke university, thought his team could do better.
the Duke team doubled tumor exposure to the drug compared to Abraxane while simultaneously reducing its effects on healthy tissue.
In the new packaging system, multiple copies of the drug are bonded chemically to an amino acid polypeptide,
forming a water-soluble nanoparticle with the drug hidden in its core. These nanoparticles are highly soluble in blood
"This delivers the drug directly to the tumor and helps prevent it from randomly absorbing into healthy tissue, reducing side effects."
And since this platform could potentially be used for such a broad array of drugs, it could be a game-changer for cancer therapy."
Understanding how cells release those signals in less than one-thousandth of a second could help launch a new wave of research on drugs for treating brain disorders.
exciting advance that may open up possibilities for targeting new drugs to control neurotransmitter release. Many mental disorders, including depression, schizophrenia and anxiety,
and drug doses could potentially be reduced-helping to alleviate side effects. Revolutionary cell-based therapies, which exploit modified human cells to treat diseases such as cancer,
To overcome this, manufacturers use chemical additives to increase the solubility of Ibuprofen and many other drugs,
The key to making drugs by themselves more soluble is not to give the molecular soldiers time to fall in to their crystalline structures
In addition, it may provide a simple means to make many drugs much more useable. The technique involves first dissolving the substances in good solvents, such as water or alcohol.
The possible applications range from rewritable paper, to water decontamination, to the controlled delivery of drugs or other substances.
and release them later on demand as well as the controlled delivery of tiny amounts of substances, for example, drugs,
The researchers, led by Elena Batrakova, an associate professor at the UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy's Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery,
#Platelet-Mimicking Nanoparticles Could Effectively Deliver Drugs to Targeted Sites Nanoparticles disguised as human platelets could greatly enhance the healing power of drug treatments for cardiovascular disease and systemic bacterial infections.
San diego, are capable of delivering drugs to targeted sites in the body--particularly injured blood vessels,
Engineers demonstrated that by delivering the drugs just to the areas where the drugs were needed,
targeted drug delivery with nanoparticles, "said Liangfang Zhang, a nanoengineering professor at UC San diego and the senior author of the study."
platelet-mimicking nanoparticles can directly provide a much higher dose of medication specifically to diseased areas without saturating the entire body with drugs."
and release their drug payloads specifically to these sites in the body. Enclosed within the platelet membranes are made nanoparticle cores of a biodegradable polymer that can be metabolized safely by the body.
The nanoparticles can be packed with many small drug molecules that diffuse out of the polymer core and through the platelet membrane onto their targets.
makes platelet membranes extremely useful for targeted drug delivery, researchers said. Platelet copycats at work In one part of this study, researchers packed platelet-mimicking nanoparticles with docetaxel,
a drug used to prevent scar tissue formation in the lining of damaged blood vessels, and administered them to rats afflicted with injured arteries.
When packed with a small dose of antibiotics platelet-mimicking nanoparticles can also greatly minimize bacterial infections that have entered the bloodstream and spread to various organs in the body.
Researchers injected nanoparticles containing just one-sixth the clinical dose of the antibiotic vancomycin into one of group of mice systemically infected with MRSA bacteria.
"Our platelet-mimicking nanoparticles can increase the therapeutic efficacy of antibiotics because they can focus treatment on the bacteria locally without spreading drugs to healthy tissues
and organs throughout the rest of the body,"said Zhang.""We hope to develop platelet-mimicking nanoparticles into new treatments for systemic bacterial infections and cardiovascular disease
The tiny particles can be bound to compounds ranging from calcium tooth building materials to antimicrobials that prevent infection.
and antibacterial compounds to protect them. All we needed to do was find the right way of coating them to get them to their target.
or water and therapeutic drug monitoring at home, a feature which could drastically improve the efficient of various class of drugs and treatments a
#New Nanosheet-Based Photonic crystal Changes Color in Response to Moisture LMU chemists have developed a photonic crystal from ultrathin nanosheets
#Self-Assembled DNA NANOSTRUCTURES Could Be used as Smart Drug-Delivery Vehicles Researchers from Aalto University have published an article in the recent Trends in Biotechnology journal.
Tailored DNA structures could find targeted cells and release their molecular payload (drugs or antibodies) selectively into these cells."
and most importantly, other molecules such as RNA, proteins, peptides and drugs can be anchored to them with the same resolution.
A system based on tailored DNA-devices could help to avoid unnecessary drug treatments, since programmed DNA-nanorobots could detect various agents from the blood stream,
this could find uses for example in enhanced drug delivery. In addition, the group has designed a modular DNA-based enzymatic nanoreactor that can be exploited in diagnostics at the molecular scale level v
In this way, the cytoxic drug can be delivered directly to the cells it is intended to eradicate.
"But the relative lack of efficient ways to attach chemotherapeutic drugs to antibodies currently represents a major technological bottleneck,
Development of an antimalarial vaccine is an integral part of an effort to counter the socioeconomic burden of malaria.
particularly for patients who take anticoagulant drugs to thin their blood.""It's interesting that you can take something so deadly
It has also been used as a diagnostic tool to determine blood-clotting time in the presence of heparin, an anticoagulant drug."
There also a role for security, for example in drug searches at airports. More fundamentally though, the researcher say it could help them build something that never existed before:
This would represent a quantum leap in antiviral therapy, says Fussenegger, who was involved not in the study.
This enzyme activates a harmless drug precursor called CB 1954 which the researchers added to the petri dish where the cells were growing.
and so that they can test the effect of new drugs on inhibiting their growth. But the fibrils that are believed to be most harmful are too tiny to be seen using an optical microscope.
or for drug researchers to put the amyloid proteins in water, inject their drug, and study how the drug influences the growth of the aggregates over time."
"For research in TYPE II DIABETES or Alzheimer's or Parkinson's, having this simple platform to perform these tests at a fraction of the cost of
what's required for fluorescence or neutron scattering would be very useful
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