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The DILISYM software is the result of the DILI-sim Initiative a partnership between the Hamner-UNC Institute for Drug Safety Sciences
Paul Watkins is chairman of the DILI-sim Scientific Advisory board. Kim Brouwer is chair of the Division of Pharmacotherapy and Experimental Therapeutics at the UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy.
Nayar, working with research engineer Daniel Sims BS'14 and consultant Mikhail Fridberg of ADSP Consulting, used off-the-shelf components to fabricate an image sensor with 30x40 pixels.
postdoctoral fellow Dong Li and their colleagues have added the two new technologies-both variations on SIM-to the set of tools available for super-resolution imaging.
"In traditional SIM, the sample under the lens is observed while it is illuminated by a pattern of light (more like a bar code than the light from a lamp).
He says SIM has received not as much attention as other super-resolution methods largely because those other methods offer more dramatic gains in spatial resolution.
But he notes that SIM has offered always two advantages over alternative super-resolution methods including photoactivated localization microscopy (PALM),
SIM, however, is different.""I fell in love with SIM because of its speed and the fact that it took so much less light than the other methods,
"Betzig says. Betzig began working with SIM shortly after the death in 2011 of one of its pioneers, Mats Gustafsson,
who was a group leader at Janelia. Betzig was convinced already that SIM had the potential to generate significant insights into the inner workings of cells,
and he suspected that improving the technique's spatial resolution would go a long way toward increasing its use by biologists.
Gustafsson and graduate student Hesper Rego had achieved higher-resolution SIM with a variation called saturated depletion nonlinear SIM
Saturated depletion enhances the resolution of SIM images by taking advantage of fluorescent protein labels that can be switched on and off with light.
"Instead, the new method, called patterned photoactivation nonlinear SIM, begins by switching on just a subset of fluorescent labels in a sample with a pattern of light."
The combined effect of those patterns leads to final images with 62-nanometer resolution--better than standard SIM and a threefold improvement over the limits imposed by the wavelength of light."
Patterned photoactivation nonlinear SIM captures the 25 images that go into a final reconstruction in about one-third of a second.
The team used patterned photoactivation nonlinear SIM to produce videos showing structural proteins break down and reassemble themselves as cells move
Betzig's team also reports in the Science paper that they can boost the spatial resolution of SIM to 84 nanometers by imaging with a commercially available microscope objective with an ultra-high numerical aperture.
by combining the high numerical-aperture approach with patterned photoactivatable nonlinear SIM, Betzig and his colleagues could follow two proteins at a time with higher resolution than the high numerical aperture approach offered on its own.
Betzig's team is continuing to develop their SIM technologies, and say further improvements are likely.
For now, scientists who want to experiment with the new SIM methods can arrange to do so through Janelia's Advanced Imaging Center,
it should be fairly straightforward to make the SIM technologies accessible and affordable to other labs."Most of the magic is in the software, not the hardware,
Now, a team of researchers from the Stowers Institute for Medical Research and the University of Colorado Boulder has devised a novel optical technique--a combination of structured illumination microscopy (SIM
"The use of SIM to study SPB structure completely changes the types of questions we can ask and answer,
and it is likely that SIM will work in living cells, "says Sue Jaspersen, Ph d,
The research team turned to SIM as an optical alternative. SIM uses a laser-generated field of horizontal lines to project an interference pattern onto a sample.
According to Jay Unruh, Ph d.,a Stowers research advisor and co-author, analyzing these patterns enables researchers to effectively double their resolution."
"For all of its advantages, SIM still involves sifting through a great deal of noise. To deal with this problem,
often with even greater precision than via SIM alone,"says Jaspersen.""We estimate the precision to be in the 10-30 nm resolution range."
"The SPA-SIM technique made up part of a two-color structured illumination microscopy approach that used endogenously expressed fluorescent protein derivatives.
According to Unruh, this study represents the first combined use of SPA with SIM, and one of the first dual-color super-resolution SPA papers.
According to Jaspersen, the SPA-SIM technique is applicable to a wide variety of subjects beyond SPB structure."
One, called structured illumination microscopy (SIM), makes laser-based interference patterns that change based on what they interact with,
a variation of structured illumination microscopy (SIM), can now show the movement and interactions of proteins as cells remodel their structural supports
In traditional SIM, the sample under the lens is observed while it is illuminated by a pattern of light (similar to scanning a barcode).
"I fell in love with SIM because of its speed and the fact that it took so much less light than the other methods,"Dr. Betzig noted.
Dr. Betzig and his team were convinced that SIM had the potential to generate significant insights into cellular mechanics,
However, traditional SIM was not suitable for living cells, as the method was designed to generate an image by switching on all of the fluorescent labels in the cell
"Alternatively, the new method, called patterned photoactivation nonlinear SIM, begins by switching on just a subset of fluorescent labels in a sample with a pattern of light."
The combined effect of those patterns led to final images with 62-nanometer resolutionuch better than standard SIM and a threefold improvement over the limits imposed by the wavelength of light."
Dr. Valerie Sim, of the Centre for Prions and Protein Folding Diseases at the University of Alberta in Canada, said that the traditional definition of a prion is an infectious protein that can transmit disease to another host.
Sim said.)""The problem with branding something a prion is it induces fear, because people have heard of it as a scary transmissible disease,
"Sim said. But the new study, "if anything, shows MSA is not easily transmissible, "she said.
or can happen,"Sim said i
#Disappearing Ancient Texts Could Be saved by Solar-Powered Device TORONTO A 13th-century text recording the discoveries of a medieval polymath,
They use a special SIM CARD-the tiny card that allows your device to connect to a carrier network-called Apple SIM.
if you see that a carrier that supported by your Apple SIM is having a sale on a short-term data plan,
the Apple SIM is added eventually to the iphone (and, perhaps, similarly flexible SIMS appear for other smartphones as well).
Not only would it make it easier to move from one carrier to another, but it could also make it more affordable for people all over the world to communicate.
Given that the Apple SIM seems like a really intriguing technology that could change the wireless industry,
Perhaps it can come up with a way to convince the wireless companies to get on board for the Apple SIM
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