#NASA confirms liquid water flows on Mars NASA has announced that it has discovered flowing liquid salt water on Mars during the Red planet summer months, in
what is the biggest indication to date that the planet either has supported already life, or can support life in the future.
The discovery comes thanks to the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter and its imaging spectrometer, which enabled researchers to find telltale signs of hydrated minerals on streaked-looking slopes.
100 meter-long streaks called recurring slope lineae flowing downhill on Mars are inferred to have been formed by contemporary flowing water.
NASA/JPL/University of Arizona) ur quest on Mars has been to ollow the water, in our search for life in the universe,
what wee long suspected, said John Grunsfeld, astronaut and associate administrator of NASA Science Mission Directorate in Washington,
albeit briny is flowing today on the surface of Mars. he flows are described as recurring slope lineae.
The darker color on Mars indicates that it probably a shallow subsurface flow, NASA said.
While scientists are yet able to determine where the water comes from, it appears to dry up in the planet fall season only to start up again the following Mars year.
Researchers began studying from the MRO High Resolution Imaging Science Experiment (Hirise) in 2010, and later paired those images with mineral maps from the spacecraft Compact Reconnaissance Imaging Spectrometer for Mars (CRISM).
e found the hydrated salts only when the seasonal features were widest, which suggests that either the dark streaks themselves or a process that forms them is the source of the hydration,
NASA scientists noted they mined data going as far back as the Viking 1 an 2 landings in the mid-1970s,
But the primary data source was the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter, which launched in 2006 and contains four other primary science instruments
in addition to Hirise and CRISM. he ability of MRO to observe for multiple Mars years with a payload able to see the fine detail of these features has enabled findings such as these:
MRO project scientist at NASA Jet propulsion laboratory (JPL) in Pasadena, California. t took multiple spacecraft over several years to solve this mystery,
and now we know there is liquid water on the surface of this cold, desert planet, said Michael Meyer,
lead scientist for NASA Mars Exploration Program at the agency headquarters in Washington. t seems that the more we study Mars,
the more we learn how life could be supported and where there are resources to support life in the future. ack in March,
NASA announced the discovery of evidence of an ancient ocean that covered 20 percent of Marssurface.
The data from that study, using the ESO Very Large telescope in Chilie, seemed to indicate that water persisted on the surface of the Red planet for at least a billion years.
Now it seems that despite the frigid temperatures during the winter and at night, some water still indeed flows on the surface even today t
as long as humans have been tooling around on planet earth, cancer has been nipping at our heelsnd brains, stomachs, kidneys, and so on.
and delivering on brand authenticity",states R"Ray"Wang, Principal Analyst and Chairman, Constellation Research, Inc i
The last few days have seen new transfers of Russian tanks, armoured vehicles, heavy artillery and rocket equipment over the border to the separatists,
added Jarolimkova. emoving water and storing the produce as powder will allow for maximum utilization of space during transport and storage as well as significantly prolonged shelf life.
Furthermore, we envision the powder to be used in culinary areas as a fruit and vegetable replacement in humanitarian aids, food for space missions, molecular gastronomy,
generating a diverse set of solutions is essential to efficiently explore the design space. This can be challenging,
That project takes 173,000 mirrors and focuses the sunlight to the plant solar receiver steam generator,
They both came from the computer space. Now they have 1 000 licenses in 19 states.
NIC targets the government as its client in the cannabis space. It specializes in helping the government agencies tasked with creating a marijuana department.
when established companies gain comfort with the space, the current companies will either get bought out for their databases
The only space that Bierman is impressed with is the payment kiosk space and in particular Integrated Compliance Solutions.
It becoming a crowded space with other kiosk companies like Medbox and C4eversystems. Some of the kiosks actually dispense medical marijuana,
#Boeing Patents Futuristic Force field Aerospace and defence firm Boeing BA-1. 59%has just been granted a patent for
The ethod and system for shockwave attenuation via electromagnetic arcisn quite the all-purpose energy shield you see around spaceships in movies like Star wars,
For example many movie inspired console games use third-person character action where the player can directly control the star of the film
Technology available in buildings today will pale in comparison to the capabilities we are building in the emerging cloud lighting space.
The debit card networks will see a huge growth of aggregate transactions allowing the networks to continue to be relevant and vital in this new space.
And Facebook will of course see lower costs than most companies in this space. I see this pattern perhaps playing out through the world and thus
Star K1 syringes are manufactured under licence by 13 companies around the world, giving them a substantial lead. here no other product in this space that
and Star have brought in more than $20m over the last years. Indeed, getting to this point has taken so long that the entrepreneur now has only two years left on his 20-year patent for K1 and Star.
Star has responded by offering to supply the syringes free of charge to manufacturers who also licence its needle-stick device,
which ensures that syringe needles are covered always when not in use another requirement of the new WHO edict. urs is the cheapest one for covered needles,
. If you are near the Youtube Space L a. studio on Bluff Creek Drive in Los angeles, the Creator Tech team is letting people try out the 360-degree cameras
in turn bringing down planet-warming emissions. But for the first time in nearly half a century, that synchrony between economic growth and energy-related emissions seems to have been broken
and upticks in renewable electricity generation there using solar wind and hydropower could have contributed to the reversal.
There are redemptive qualities to inviting phones into concert spaces. Having a little recorded segment despite grainy quality and muffled sound is treasured a
#Facebook's first satellite will beam Internet to rural Africa starting in 2016 With the exception of a select few locations,
As part of this program, Facebook is partnering with French satellite communications provider Eutelsat to beam an Internet connection to remote parts of Africa."
"I'm excited to announce our first project to deliver Internet from space, "wrote Facebook founder Mark Zuckerberg in a Facebook posting.
Facebook is working with Eutelsat to provide Internet access to sub-Saharan portions of Africa via Eutelsat's new AMOS-6 geostationary satellite,
Amazingly, the satellite will deliver affordable broadband Internet using off-the-shelf consumer equipment for connectivity --so it'll be easy and cheap to build more of these satellites in the future.
Eutelsat is setting up a new company in London to oversee its African broadband business
The satellite-based service is expected to go online in mid-2016. The African satellite project is part of Facebook's broader Internet. org initiative
which debuted in 2013. Through Internet. org, Facebook wants to connect the world by providing internet access to developing countries worldwide.
The photoanode uses sunlight to oxidize water molecules, generating protons and electrons as well as oxygen gas.
converts 10 percent of the energy in sunlight into stored energy in the chemical fuel,
and can operate for more than 40 hours continuously. ur work shows that it is indeed possible to produce fuels from sunlight safely and efficiently in an integrated system with inexpensive components,
such as those obtained by LIGO, the Laser interferometry Gravitational-wave Observatory, a Caltech-and-MIT-led project searching for signs of gravitational waves,
ripples in the fabric of space-time. ee been thinking a lot about using these methods to detect gravitational waves from pulsarsncredibly dense stars that are the mass of our sun compressed into a 10 km radius and spin at 10 to 100 times a second,
Kip Thorne a professor of theoretical physics at Caltech and others wrote papers saying that these pulsars should be emitting gravity waves that are nearly perfectly periodic,
or monochromatic light oscillates at all points in space with the same frequency but varying relative delays, or phases.
Polarization refers to the trajectory of the oscillations of the electromagnetic field at each point in space.
theye not as flexible as their natural cousins. yanobacteria have adapted to live in ponds that are drenched by sun,
or light in a way that is precisely timed to create space structures, deployable medical devices, robots, toys, and range of other structures.
a professor in the George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical engineering at Georgia Tech. his earlier approach essentially requires controlling the heat applied throughout the component in both space
and Design Centre. e are now extending this concept of digital SMPS to enable printing of SMPS with dynamic mechanical properties that vary continuously in 3d space.
Mappings include the intuitive matching of high pitch to elevated locations in space or the matching of noisy sounds with bright lights.
the inability to work in bright light, especially sunlight. The key is to gather only the bits of light the camera actually needs.
and sensing for robots used to explore the moon and planets. It also could be incorporated readily into most smartphones.
wee sending a lot more energy to that spot than the energy sent by the sun, he explains.
In polar regions of the moon, where the sun is always at a low angle, a vision system that is able to eliminate the glare is essential. ow-power sensing is very important,
because they are always on. very watt matters in a space mission. arasimhan says depth cameras that can operate outdoors could be useful in automotive applications,
Specifically, a chondroitin sulfate found to accumulate within small spaces of the placenta. Surprisingly, this same residue has been seen to cluster on the surface of various cancers.
Among other things, the sunlight that pours through them can raise the temperature in the office,
when exposed to strong sunlight and it's powered by that sunlight, too. The facade was developed via a collaboration between Fraunhofer and the Weissensee School of art in Berlin.
Based on a concept by design student Bára Finnsdottir, it's composed of an array of circular flower-like components.
that heat comes from direct sunlight. When that light heats the wires, they respond by reverting to a shape that draws the fabric discs closed,
Once the sun goes down or clouds roll in, however, the wires return to their previous shape
Ultimately, Amazon hopes to operate in a slice of airspace above 200 ft (61 m) and beneath 500 ft (152 m),
a crescent moon is about 0. 3 lux. Infrared illumination has made it possible to capture such dim environments previously,
but only 20 were built ever after an Anglo-french development program in the 1960s that was compared to the Apollo Moon landings in cost and complexity.
but once in the air, an open door in the stern of the plane reveals a rocket motor. When this fires, it sends the aircraft into a near vertical trajectory,
000 ft). The rocket motor shuts down and is concealed again as the aft door slides shut to reduce drag.
and only the rocket motor requires special maintenance. According to its specifications, it could carry two or three tons of cargo,
#Astronauts chow down on space harvest for the first time The International space station (ISS) was the scene of an historic lunch this week with the crew members of Expedition 44 dining on the first meal harvested in space.
which consisted on leaves of"Outredgeous"red romaine lettuce grown in NASA's"Veggie"zero gravity greenhouse, is part of the space agency's effort to find ways to feed tomorrow's deep-space travelers.
The meal, which was eaten on Monday by US astronauts Scott Kelly, Kjell Lindgren, and Japanese astronaut Kimiya Yui, was a very informal affair.
For preparation the lettuce was harvested and treated with a citric acid-based, food safe sanitizing wipe. Since the yield consisted of only a few leaves,
the repast was more of a tasting as the three men floated in the experiment module munching on a leaf each.
The main purpose of Veg-01 is to test technology that may one day allow astronauts to grow gardens aboard spaceships
space stations, or planetary outposts. It isn't possible to carry enough food, water, and air to make manned voyages lasting months or years feasible with current rocket technology.
However, a carefully selected crop of plants can cut the supply list by recycling air and waste to produce fresh air, water,
According to NASA, crew morale is another factor in the experiment. Deep space missions, such as a mission to Mars, will mean small crews working in close confinement with very little to do for long periods of time a prime recipe for disaster.
Recreational activities such as gardening, combined with the presence of growing plants and periodic fresh food can be a surprisingly effective morale boost
Wisconsin and was delivered to the ISS by a Spacex cargo ship in April 2014. In addition to the greenhouse
and returned to Earth in October of last year for safety analysis at the Kennedy space center in Florida.
and preserved for later transportation to Earth, where they will be subjected to scientific analysis. According to NASA,
the main concern is microbial contamination, but the results from the first crop have been positive.
In addition, NASA is working on how to increase the system's yield, so it produces more than a few mouthfuls at a time.
#New 3d printer should work in the vacuum of outer space Last November, California-based Made in Space grabbed headlines
when one of its specially-designed 3d printers became the first such device to print an object in outer space...
that was within the protective confines of the International space station, however. Now, the company is working on a printer that will work outside the station, in the cold vacuum of actual outer space.
Made in Space has created already vacuum-compatible extrusion heads for its existing Additive manufacturing Facility (AMF) 3d printer,
which is the full version of the demo system that was used on the ISS in 2014 plans call for the AMF to travel to the ISS later this year.
Those heads were tested over the course of a week in a vacuum chamber where they successfully printed a variety of objects using aerospace-grade thermopolymers.
Those items will be analyzed later this month, to see if they're structurally different from similar objects printed by the AMF at Earth atmosphere.
If all goes according to plan, the company hopes to be conducting on-orbit tests of its new technology within as little as 18 months."
"Soon, structures will be produced in space that are much larger than what could currently fit into a launch fairing,
"Complete structural optimization is now possible in space. c
#Beerbots demonstrate robotic collaboration by serving drinks in a makeshift bar Staffing bars and restaurants with machines sure sounds convenient,
but it won't impress astronomers now that the US Department of energy's SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory has given the green light to start construction of the world's largest digital camera.
the new camera is at the heart of the 8. 4-meter (27.5-ft) Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST) now under construction atop Cerro Pachón in Chile.
the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope's 3. 2-gigapixel camera will capture an area of the sky 40 times the size of the full moon
In 2022, the camera and the LSST will begin a 10-year mission to take digital images of the entire Southern sky every few nights as part of a program to catalog the largest number of visible stars and galaxies yet,
It's hoped that this will help astronomers to gain a better understanding of galaxy formations, aid in tracking potentially dangerous asteroids,
and provide a better understanding of dark matter and dark energy, which is believed to make up 95 percent of the Universe."
or the detection of NOX leaks in automotive or industrial areas where exhaust fumes from engines containing the gas can prove lethal in confined spaces.
trackers can be used to allow the panels to follow the sun throughout daylight hours. The advantages of trackers are dramatic,
presenting a basic question--should the utility go with a fixed mounted PV system or a system that tracks the sun during the day?
which would diffuse the sunlight. That raises an issue with a fixed system versus one with trackers--in cloudy areas
the benefits of trackers can be diminished due to the sunlight being scattered from clouds. Source: PV Watts Trackers will typically add additional upfront costs of 2 percent to 10 percent on large utility-scale projects.
Developed over a decade of work in the marine engine and off-grid power space, the 600-kilowatt units combine a high-efficiency engine from Rolls royce-owned manufacturer MTU, a permanent magnet
who previously held similar positions at aerospace giant Northrop grumman and inverter maker Advanced Energy. Innovus is looking to maintain high fuel efficiency
Solarcity is already selling Tesla behind-the-meter batteries with its solar systems, and has been testing their ability to work in concert as an aggregated grid resource.
#Insanely Fuel efficient Engine Could Go to Mars And Back On One Tank Of Fuel An ion engine that smashes the fuel efficiency record has been registered for an innovation patent.
and back on a tank of fuel but its first application may be shunting networks of small satellites around in Earth orbit.
The existing record is NASA's High Power Electric Propulsion (Hipep) with 9, 600 seconds,
So you would need more fuel to get to Mars, but could get there faster. Neumann says metal fuels have advantages besides efficiency.
enon is hard to source away from Earth. Magnesium is found as olivine in asteroids,
but Neumann has achieved promising results with titanium, aluminium and other widely used metals. Spaceships using his drive might find capturing fuel made from a dead satellite a handy way to refuel,
cleaning up the space junk problem at the same time. Ion thrusters such as the one that took Dawn to Ceres are only suitable for use in vacuums
and Neumann says even getting off the Moon or larger asteroids will remain a job for rockets.
However, he says his drive could be suitable for lifting a spacecraft from low gravity objects like Mars'moons Phobos
and Deimos. sing very rough, very early calculations we think 20 kilograms 44 pounds of magnesium could get a 100 kilogram 220 pound ship to Mars and back.
It would take three to five years and there will be some weight for the craft, solar panels and communications,
but we think there would be 20 kilograms left over for the payload, Neumann told IFLSCIENCE. ith a higher thrust fuel in a Neumann Drive you could do it in nine to 11 months,
but the fuel tank would be empty when you got there. In the second case a return journey would require either scavenging material locally
or parking fuel in Mars orbit, or on a refuelling station established at Phobos or Deimos, preparatory to the voyage.
Neumann says experiments with pulsed electric arcs on metals go back to the 1920s, and some of the data collected was useful to him in assessing
what to test. This work was done with less than half the current he uses and no one before him had tried using high current pulsed arcs for thrust u
and likely exponentially more existing on the planet today. Determining an accurate number would require billions more dollars
or biofuels when exposed to the sun. Oxman said, uch functions will in the near future augment the wearer by scanning our skins,
They need to 100 square meters of green space. E-Kaia satisfied with a single plant.
#Concept the translucent battery, that charging from the sun A group of Japanese engineers at the University of Kogakuin developed translucent lithium-ion battery that can be recharged in the sun. Solar rays are converted into electricity, the fact
When the battery fall into the sun rays, it becomes slightly tinted: light transmission drops to 30%.
They will not only automatically obscure the sunlight, but also store energy for the consumer devices r
rather than changing the entire space. Wristify emits soft blue light when cooling you and warm orange light
No one wants the aircraft engine that is holding them 35,000 feet above the earth to shatter like a vase.
NASA wanted to use them in supersonic aircraft. The U s. military hoped they could be used in a new fighter jet.
Right now, devices are built with extra space on the viewing end for people wearing glasses.
using just the power of the sun. Chemists at the University of Reading say a new catalyst,
which mimics the way plants absorb energy from the sun, could make the energy-sapping job of splitting water into hydrogen and oxygen relatively easy.
scientists use a photocatalyst-a material that absorbs light from the sun and uses it to excite electrons to higher energy levels.
and the empty spaces they leave behind, are then capable of driving forward the two half-reactions required to split water into oxygen and hydrogen.
which allow plants to convert sunlight into chemical energy, "said Grau-Crespo.""The challenge now is to incorporate these wonderful natural catalysts into materials capable of doing the specific chemical job we need.
and adventure races across some of Earth's harshest terrain, including to the south Pole. He would learn to make a meaningful life using a wheelchair
Odd Effects of Kathmandu Temblor European space agency's (ESA) Sentinel-1a radar satellite passed over Kathmandu, Nepal, Wednesday (April 29.
ESA SEOM Insarap Study Norut/PPO. labs/Univ Leeds) Mountains shift Nepal Insar The German Aerospace Center (DLR) used the satellite radar data
and regions that dropped down (away from the satellite) are coded yellow and red. In additional to vertical movements, the researchers also detected north-south horizontal shifts of nearly 7 feet (2 meters.
The colors show deformation in the earth caused by the 7. 8-magnitude earthquake. The eastest"fringes"cross the city,
Contains Copernicus data (2015)/ ESA/Norut/PPO. labs/COMETSA SEOM INSARAP study) Grading map Based on imagery from the Worldview-3 satellite acquired on April 28,
Based on imagery from the Worldview-3 satellite acquired on April 28, this"grading map"shows topographic features and crisis information around Kathmandu, Nepal,
and clouds over Everest, according to NASA. The April 23 photo was captured by Landsat 8, which is operated by NASA
and the United states Geological Society (USGS). The April 28 image was taken by NASA's Earth Observing-1 satellite.
Image Credit: NASA Earth Observatory) Emitted light Kathmandu Satellite Image-Emitted Light This satellite image shows the city of Kathmandu and its surrounding areas after the April 25 earthquake.
The Suomi National Polar-Orbiting Partnership satellite, operated by NASA and the National oceanic and atmospheric administration, detected a decrease in emitted light over Kathmandu, based on a comparison between images taken pre-earthquake, on April 22, 2015,
and after the earthquake, on April 26, 2015. The red and yellow colors indicate areas with the largest decrease in emitted light possibly because of electrical outages and damage to key infrastructure
according to NASA. Image Credit: Short-term Prediction Research and Transition (SPORT) team/Marshall Space flight Center) Nepal districts affected Satellite Photo of Nepal Districts After Earthquake This satellite image shows 11 districts in Nepal
that were affected by the earthquake. The Suomi National Polar-Orbiting Partnership satellite was used to compare image of the region before and after the earthquake,
and detected a decrease in emitted light over Kathmandu and its surrounding region. Image Credit:
Short-term Prediction Research and Transition (SPORT) team/Marshall Space flight Center F
#Major 7. 3-Magnitude Earthquake Aftershock Hits Nepal A 7. 3-magnitude earthquake struck Nepal this morning (May 12), toppling buildings and killing at least a dozen people.
The temblor was centered 11 miles (18 kilometers) southeast of Kodari, Nepal, and 47 miles (76 km) east-northeast of the Nepalese capital of Kathmandu.
Earth scientists had anticipated major aftershocks and even larger earthquakes in the area. In fact, a recent study found that smaller aftershocks strike within the main earthquake rupture,
Computer simulations showed that the polythiophenes could indeed fit into a space found on one end of a prion,
#Perseid Meteor shower: Best Places to See'Shooting stars'This Week The annual Perseid meteor shower is typically the most spectacular"shooting star"display for people in the Northern hemisphere,
and this week, skywatchers could be in for a remarkable show. The meteor shower peaks during the overnight hours tomorrow (Aug 12) and Thursday (Aug 13),
and weather permitting, stargazers can expect to spot an average of one meteor per minute radiating from the constellation Perseus in the northern sky, somewhat near the North pole.
At the meteor shower's peak, skywatchers could see as many as 100 meteors per hour according to NASA.
Meteor showers occur when the Earth, on its orbital path through space, collides with particles from a comet or an asteroid.
The Perseids come from the tail of Comet Swift-Tuttle, which last made its closest approach to Earth in 1992.
This week marks the peak of the Perseid meteor shower, but the sky show will continue through Aug 24.
Here are some of the best ways to enjoy the celestial show. Your own backyard You don't need any special equipment to see the Perseids.
For the best viewing experience, face northeast under dark skies and make sure to get as far away from city lights as you can,
because light pollution will wash out the fainter meteors. And be sure to give your eyes time to adjust to the dark.
This year, there will be a new moon, providing maximum darkness for stargazers. If you must look at a star map,
use a flashlight with red paper over it to preserve your night vision. National or State Parks If you're looking for a place far away from light pollution,
a National or State Park is a great start. Those locations are usually rural enough for stargazing
and some of them even offer astronomy events during the summer. Parks in the western United states, in particular including Great basin national park (in Nevada) and Bryce canyon national park (in Utah) host astronomy events year-round.
The National park service website has listings of all U s. National and State Parks. Public observatories Although most astronomical observatories are reserved for professional research,
some have museums or outreach programs that host astronomy nights for the public. In Los angeles, Griffith Observatory is dedicated solely to public education.
Even though a telescope is needed not to view a meteor shower your local observatory might have people on hand to tell you more about skywatching.
You may even get a chance to look at other celestial objects through a telescope. Check with local observatories for details.
Online If bad weather threatens to spoil your view of the Perseids, fear not! You can catch all the action live online.
NASA'S MARSHALL SPACE FLIGHT CENTER in Huntsville, Alabama, will be livestreaming views of the meteor shower from 10 p m. EDT tomorrow to 2 a m. EDT on Thursday (Aug 13.
Meteor experts Bill Cooke, Danielle Moser and Rhiannon Blaauw, all from NASA Meteoroid Environment Office at the Marshall Space flight Center, will also provide onair commentary.
You can tune in to the NASA TV webcast on Space. com . If you miss the Perseids this time around,
though, meteor showers do occur throughout the year. Other prominent showers include the Leonids (in November) and the Quadrantids (in January) u
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