so it kind of works kind of like a muscle sensor in that it picks up small electric discharges and turns that into something you can actually read within software,
and then an IMU sensor as well to track your bicep rotation as well as your shoulder movement,
Once the target nerve has been reached the sensors also let the surgeon know, and the implant can then be deployed down the device.
#Scientists control mouse brain by remote control The tiny implant, smaller than the width of a human hair, let the scientists determine the path a mouse walks using a remote control to inject drugs
and shine lights on neurons inside the brain. Neuroscientists have until now been limited to injecting drugs through larger tubes
The mice were about three feet away from the remote antenna during the experiments. The research, published recently in scientific journal Cell,
#Scientists Create Liquid Metal Antenna By placing an electrical potential across the interface between liquid eutectic gallium and indium and an electrolyte,
or to contract by applying a negative voltage. sing a liquid metal that can change its shape allows us to modify antenna properties more dramatically than is possible with a fixed conductor,
The scientists created the tunable antenna by using electrochemical reactions to shorten and elongate a filament of liquid metal and change the antenna operating frequency.
Applying a small positive voltage causes the metal to flow into a capillary, while applying a small negative voltage makes the metal withdraw from the capillary. he positive voltage electrochemically deposits an oxide on the surface of the metal that lowers the surface tension,
Although antenna properties can be reconfigured to some extent by using solid conductors with electronic switches
which the antenna operating frequency can be tuned. or eutectic gallium-indium monopoles with lengths between 75m and 4m, the measured resonance frequency tunes from 0. 66 GHZ to 3. 4hz for a tuning
which is beyond the ratio obtained by switch or varactor-based antennas. urthermore, the measured total efficiency ranges from 41%to 70,
%which, while lower than a conventional monopole, presents a tradeoff between efficiency and versatility that is evident in most tunable systems. ur antenna prototype using liquid metal can tune over a range of at least two times greater than systems using electronic switches,
which the antenna and RF (reconfigurable radiofrequency) front-end must operate. his combination will create a real antenna design challenge for mobile systems
because antenna size and operating bandwidth tend to be conflicting tradeoffs. e
#Scientists Create Single-Molecule Diode The idea of creating a single-molecule diode a circuit element that directs current flow was suggested first more than 40 years ago, in 1974, by researchers Arieh Aviram of IBM Thomas
They have shown that single-molecules attached to metal electrodes can be made to act as a variety of circuit elements,
1-dioxide) with an ionic solution and used gold metal electrodes of different sizes to contact the molecule.
including those that are made with graphene electrodes
#Gold Nano-Spirals Could Protect Against Identity Theft Most other investigators who have studied the remarkable properties of microscopic spirals have done so by arranging discrete nanoparticles in a spiral pattern:
A variety of screen-printed sensors"taste"electrochemical compounds in the beer to predict the brews'color index and alcoholic strength 76 percent and 86 percent of the time.
Electronic sensors could share a supporting role by continuing to check the beer while the brewmasters are sleeping."
sensors nestled in the taste buds react to molecules in the food and send the appropriate signals to the brain:
All receptors respond every time we take a bite we don't have specific sensors for different tastes."
and sensors so your brain learns that this taste is from a banana, this taste is explained from coffee
The screen-printed electrodes, made by the company Dropsens, have an array of sensors that send signals to software the"brain"that analyzes the response patterns.
The device is portable about the size of two cigarette packs, said Méndez. There are four electrodes,
each made from a different material. These detect polyphenols, antioxidants produced by the grains and ingredients that ferment into beer, such as barley and hops.
Many existing tongues using an array of sensors only get one data point for each sensor,
"But we have curves for each sensor.""The nonspecific electrodes are responsible for their wealth of data.
The phenols and electrodes send electrochemical signals to the computer as they interact. The researchers immerse the electrodes in beer
and track the electrochemical signals as they turn up the voltage, said Méndez. Each sensor makes distinct electrical patterns
because each is made from a different material. After analyzing the data with two pattern-recognition models,
the electronic tongue was able to place the commercial beer sample into the correct lager category with 100 percent accuracy.
"Their sensors generate one vector of, say, 100 numbers, "said del Valle. He published a paper last year describing his lab's electronic tongue that used an array of specific electrodes,
which correctly identified between lager styles 82 percent of the time.""We use a larger number of sensors related to ions
but got poorer information. These researchers use less sensors, but is richer in information they generate,
"said del Valle. He was involved not in the study. The next steps for Méndez and her team will be modifying the commercial screen-printed electrodes with nanoparticles to make the sensors respond more clearly,
she said.""These systems are complicated and though they are improving little by little they are still very far from human senses,
these optical fibres still have to work with existing electronic computer chips, which means once information is delivered to your computer or router in photon form,
For this reason, scientists around the world have been working towards taking the functionality of an electronic chip
they were still able to perform their most important function-splitting guided light beams into the chip two components.
which is what needs to happen in order for them to rival existing electronic chips. And all of this isn so far off."
Developed by a company called Ossur, the world-first technology involves surgically implanting 5 mm by 3 mm myoelectric sensors (IMES) into a person residual muscle tissue to measure
Leg movement is triggered by a connected receiver, and the process is streamlined so, it allows a patient to perform actions subconsciously."
Thorvaldur Ingvarsson, told Amy Pollack at Reuters."We put sensors into the muscles, and the muscles would pick up the signals,
Ingvarsson says that the next step for the technology might be embed to a network of sensors into the prosthetic limbs to create a feedback loop about
similar to how sensors in driverless cars create an impression of the pathways and obstacles around them.
the team carefully engineered a 3d supercapacitor with carbon nanotube electrodes, and a hybrid battery. Both of them were fully functional even at 75 percent compression,
#Light-based computers will be even more awesome than we thought Researchers have come up with an efficient way of transporting data between computer chips using light rather than electricity.
But while engineers are getting very close to creating computer chips that can process light, theye struggled to find an efficient way to transmit that light across the thousands of different connections,
In theory, light can be beamed between chips via silicon structures that bend it to the desired location,
which aims to put a chip inside all our household appliances and bring them online: how do we keep everything powered up without lots of cords?
and sensors is hugely significant, "writes MIT's Technology Review.""Powi-Fi could be the enabling technology that finally brings the Internet of things to life."
when they attached a simple antenna to a temperature sensor in order to see how much power they could get from a nearby router.
they were able to pump out enough signals that their antenna could then use to provide continuous power to electronic devices.
and camera sensors using Wi-fi signals from a distance of six and five metres respectively,
Although this new water-based computer could theoretically do everything a normal computer can thanks to its universal logic gates,
we've demonstrated that we can make all the universal logic gates used in electronics, simply by changing the layout of the bars on the chip,
"said co-researcher Georgios Katsikis.""The actual design space in our platform is incredibly rich.
The current chips are about half the size of a postage stamp, and the droplets are smaller than poppy seeds,
Once connected to electronic devices, these meshes can be used to monitor neural activity and even stimulate tissue and neurons.
The team says the next step in the research is to try the same technique with larger meshes and more sensors.
Schouenborg is also working on his own gelatin-based'needle'for delivering electrodes into the brain a
#These tiny plastic chips can deliver therapeutic genes into cells A graduate student is developing a cost-effective new method of delivering desirable genes into human cells using a tiny plastic chip.
and Pawell is currently validating that his chips can accurately and safely deliver DNA into human cells,
If you own a smartwatch -or indeed a smartphone-then you'll know that battery performance on modern-day gadgets isn't quite
and retracted like a car antenna, even while it's powering a device. That means the stretchable battery can go places where normal batteries can't go,
like the band of your smartwatch or inside a very thin section of a robot.
The inventors say that these batteries could double the life of a smartwatch between charges, for example,
which were sent wirelessly to an electronic backpack receiver attached to the cockroach. The electrical impulses then stimulated the antennae nerves of the cockroach through a microelectrode implanted into the animal's head.
So they've integrated a series of sensors that pick up when something amiss, and alert a designated operator with pictures of the parts
and works through an electronic device that's implanted onto a patient's retina-the layer of light-sensing cells at the back of the eye.
Italy and Switzerland were hooked up to an electrode-covered cap, which analyses their brain signals and converts them into electronic instructions for a robot.
or possibly a remote control, new and exciting opportunities for future research and treatment of neurological disorders can be envisaged,
#IBM creates the world's most powerful computer chip IBM has built a working version of a new computer chip,
Smaller transistors mean more can be packed into a single chip, which in turn leads to faster smartphones, laptops, and computers.
as computer chips get ever denser and the laws of physics start to restrict further improvements,
the technique also uses Extreme Ultraviolet (EUV) lithography to etch the microscopic patterns required into each chip.
#This sensor technology could make recharging a thing of the past If you own a smartphone,
New zealand tech firm Stretchsense has announced it's working on a new type of energy harvesting sensor that can bend and flex
The new sensors have been patented and have completed the academic testing stage, according to O'brien, and the company is now in talks with more than 100 clients about ways they could be used with actual products.
when we'll be able to take advantage of this new sensor technology, and a commercial launch may still be some way off.
as these gadgets are naturally bending and shifting shape during the course of the day-something like the Apple Watch could benefit from the extra battery life provided by Stretchsense's sensors."
and pressure sensors can measure how the forces of movement are affecting those inside a vehicle, for example.
The new procedure simply involves placing electrodes onto their lower back, where they deliver gentle electrical stimulation to the patients'spines through their skin.
Los angeles (UCLA). Each of the five participants had been paralysed for at least two years before they were fitted with the stick-on electrodes,
if further noninvasive spinal stimulation and training can get them back on their feet-something that the four earlier patients who had implanted electrodes on their spines have achieved already
it the kind of digital storage employed in virtually all small consumer electronics currently on the market:
But more than this, could aid in the development of new materials with improved performance such as LCD screens."
""We've seen recently at the annual Consumer electronics Show (CES) in Las vegas that printable electronics have an exciting future,
In addition to paving the way for improved consumer electronics this technology could also have specific uses in industrial and military applications.
This forms the foundation of an electronic device. However researchers have struggled to isolate purely semiconducting carbon nanotubes
The team's most recent advance also brings the field closer to realizing carbon nanotube transistors as a feasible replacement for silicon transistors in computer chips
The researchers viewed the porous, conductive material as a perfect electrode for supercapacitors or electronic circuits.
#Tattoo-like sensor can detect glucose levels without painful finger prick Scientists have developed the first ultra-thin,
The sensor, reported in a proof-of-concept study in the ACS journal Analytical Chemistry, has the potential to eliminate finger-pricking for many people with diabetes.
and lithium-borate (Libo2) precursors and was coated with reduced graphite oxide (RGO) to enhance the electrode properties of the material.
As a result an electrode particle swells as a whole i e. it increases in volume only to shrink again once the charges leave the particle.
This process may lead to instabilities in the electrode material in terms of structural changes and contact losses.
To produce an efficient electrode the researcher coated the vanadate-borate powder with reduced graphite oxide (RGO.
This increases conductivity while at the same time protecting the electrode particles. However it does not impede electrons
and lithium ions as they are transported through the electrodes. Afyon used this vanadate-borate glass powder for the battery cathodes
During initial trials with vanadate-borate electrodes which were made not with material coated in RGO the discharge capacity dropped drastically after 30 charge/discharge cycles
One battery with an RGO-coated vanadate-borate glass electrode exhibited an energy density of around 1000 watt-hours per kilogram.
and testing the vanadate-borate electrode in this system and their next step is to optimise the system.
and electrode designs as well as by using coatings other than reduced graphite oxide i
#Robots learn to use kitchen tools by watching Youtube videos Researchers at the University of Maryland Institute for Advanced Computer Studies (UMIACS) partnered with a scientist at the National Information Communications technology Research Centre
and tested a new sensor to detect ambient levels of mercury in the atmosphere. Funded through a National Science Foundation Major Research Instrumentation grant, the new highly sensitive, laser-based instrument provides scientists with a method to more accurately measure global human exposure to mercury.
titled"Deployment of a sequential two-photon laser-induced fluorescence sensor for the detection of gaseous elemental mercury at ambient levels:
The development and quality of extremely small electronic circuits are critical to how and how well future computers and other electronic devices will function.
The new material, composed of both a semiconductor and metal, has a special superconducting property at very low temperatures
Chips with billions of nanowire hybrids In their publication in Nature Materials, the research group has demonstrated this perfect contact
and its properties and has shown also that they can make a chip with billions of identical semiconductor-metal nanowire hybrids."
or something blocking the object that causes a systematic error in the detector says Lawson Wong a graduate student in electrical engineering
In this case if you include the possibilities that the detector has made an error and that some objects are occluded from some views that approach would yield 304 different sets of matches.
#Toward quantum chips: Packing single-photon detectors on an optical chip is crucial for quantum-computational circuits Single-photon detectors are notoriously temperamental:
Of 100 deposited on a chip using standard manufacturing techniques only a handful will generally work.
In a paper appearing today in Nature Communications the researchers at MIT and elsewhere describe a procedure for fabricating
and testing the detectors separately and then transferring those that work to an optical chip built using standard manufacturing processes.
In addition to yielding much denser and larger arrays the approach also increases the detectors'sensitivity. In experiments the researchers found that their detectors were up to 100 times more likely to accurately register the arrival of a single photon than those found in earlier arrays.
You make both parts--the detectors and the photonic chip--through their best fabrication process which is dedicated
and then bring them together explains Faraz Najafi a graduate student in electrical engineering and computer science at MIT and first author on the new paper.
According to quantum mechanics tiny physical particles are counterintuitively able to inhabit mutually exclusive states at the same time. A computational element made from such a particle--known as a quantum bit
The researchers'process begins with a silicon optical chip made using conventional manufacturing techniques. On a separate silicon chip they grow a thin flexible film of silicon nitride upon
At both ends of the resulting detector they deposit gold electrodes. Then to one end of the silicon nitride film they attach a small droplet of polydimethylsiloxane a type of silicone.
They then press a tungsten probe typically used to measure voltages in experimental chips against the silicone.
and attach it to the optical Chip in previous arrays the detectors registered only 0. 2 percent of the single photons directed at them.
Even on-chip detectors deposited individually have topped historically out at about 2 percent. But the detectors on the researchers'new chip got as high as 20 percent.
That's still a long way from the 90 percent or more required for a practical quantum circuit but it's a big step in the right direction n
"Potential applications range from battery anodes, to solar cells, to 3d electronic circuits and biomedical devices.""The 3d transformation process involves a balance between the forces of adhesion to the substrate and the strain energies of the bent,
a soft sock that can wrap an arrhythmic heart in electronic sensors, and LED strips thin enough to be implanted directly into the brain to illuminate neural pathways.
The electrodes are made of an innovative composite of silicon and platinum microbeads. They can be deformed in any direction,
Common'data structure'revamped to work with multicore chips Today hardware manufacturers are making computer chips faster by giving them more cores or processing units.
The problem is compounded by modern chips'reliance on caches--high-speed memory banks where cores store local copies of frequently used data.
However these materials are challenging to obtain at the chip-scale through conventional foundry processes.
These constraints have deterred availability of Faraday effect isolators for on-chip optical systems till date.
The innovation is advanced an barrier between the electrodes in a lithium-ion battery. Made with nanofibers extracted from Kevlar, the tough material in bulletproof vests,
"This property is perfect for separators that need to prevent shorting between two electrodes.""Lithium-ion batteries work by shuttling lithium ions from one electrode to the other.
This creates a charge imbalance, and since electrons can't go through the membrane between the electrodes,
they go through a circuit instead and do something useful on the way. But if the holes in the membrane are too big,
If they reach the other electrode, the electrons have a path within the battery, shorting out the circuit.
which is important for good lithium-ion conductivity between the electrodes, Tung said.""The special feature of this material is we can make it very thin,
The junctions between p-and n-type semiconductors are the building blocks of electronic devices. Put together in sequence these p-n junctions form transistors which can in turn be combined into integrated circuits microchips and processors.
Chemically doping graphene to achieve p -and n-type version of the material is possible but it means sacrificing some of its unique electrical properties.
but manufacturing and placing the necessary electrodes negates the advantages graphene's form factor provides.
It shows the presence of jagged ligands can give rise to sender/receiver hybrid cells that send a signal--be like
The other (the receiver) expresses low notch and high delta. This situation leads the two cells to adopt opposite fates:
It also generates small amounts of electricity--in practice enough to drive a small fan, a sensor or a light-emitting diode.
but which could also transfer electrons to a metal electrode, "he says. The idea behind this water purification approach was born many years ago
"We're going to make this material much more active by integrating smart materials like microchips that are controllable.
"Going forward, Huang said there are numerous possibilities for the material to control elastic waves including super-resolution sensors, acoustic and medical hearing devices,
Finally it consists of miniature and low-cost semiconductor lasers that can be integrated all on the same chip making our pulse generator potentially very compact robust energetically efficient and low-cost.
Empa and the University Hospital Zurich thus teamed up to develop the sensor"Glucolight,""which gages the blood sugar level through the skin,
Although skin sensors already exist, they have to be calibrated before use, which means that the skin's permeability value needs to be known.
and the sensor calibrated. A different method to previous sensors Glucolight spares the premature babies blood samples
and enables the blood sugar level to be monitored permanently thanks to the sensor's novel measuring technology,
which comprises several parts: A microdialysis measuring head, which was developed at the University Hospital Zurich,
and pumped through the microfluidics chip, while enzymes are added to trigger a reaction. During the reaction, a fluorescence appears, which the fluorometer measures,
Empa and the University Hospital Zurich are currently in negotiations with partners for the industrial production of the sensor.
The self-assembled pattern served as a template for forming posts in the solar cell like those in the moth eye using a plasma of reactive gases-a technique commonly used in the manufacture of semiconductor electronic circuits.
#New laser for computer chips: International team of scientists constructs first germanium-tin semiconductor laser for silicon chips The transfer of data between multiple cores as well as between logic elements and memory cells is regarded as a bottleneck in the fast-developing computer technology.
Data transmission via light could be the answer to the call for a faster and more energy efficient data flow on computer chips as well as between different board components.
However in spite of intensive research a laser source that is compatible with the manufacturing of chips is not yet achievable according to the head of Semiconductor Nanoelectronics (PGI-9). The basis of chip manufacturing is silicon an element of main group IV of the periodic table.
Hence sensors made of Gesn promise a new possibility of detecting these compounds. Along with computer chips completely new applications that have not been pursued so far for financial reasons may
thus benefit from the new laser material. Gas sensors or implantable chips for medical applications which can gather information about blood sugar levels
or other parameters via spectroscopic analysis are examples. In the future cost-effective portable sensor technology--which may be integrated into a smart phone--could supply real-time data on the distribution of substances in the air
or the ground and thus contribute to a better understanding of weather and climate development m
computer chips, and the nanomaterials involved in energy conversion or storage. But this also means that the X-rays pass straight through conventional lenses without being bent or focussed.
"SINTEF has been involved for several years in projects involving x-ray methods and x-ray detectors, and has obtained know-how about their uses for a variety of purposes,
It acts both as a switch and as a signal amplifier. In informatics, by combining several transistors, it is possible to construct"logic gates,
"i e. systems that respond to different signal combinations according to a predetermined logic. For example, a dual input"AND"logic gate will produce a signal
only if two input signals are present. All calculations completed by the electronic instruments we use every day, such as smartphones, rely on the use of transistors and logic gates.
During his postdoctoral fellowship at Stanford university in the United states Jérôme Bonnet invented a genetic transistor, the transcriptor.
The insertion of one or more transcriptors into bacteria transforms them into microscopic calculators. The electrical signals used in electronics are replaced by molecular signals that control gene expression.
Arraysuperconductors are regarded as one of the most promising candidates for next-generation advanced electronic devices, because the unique quantum effects in superconductors are a great advantage in achieving the energy saving
--273°C)* 1. It has also been a big challenge to realize the high-density integration of superconductors into electronic devices.
The ultrathin high-Tc superconductor would effectively contribute to the significant downsizing and consequent high-density integration in electric circuits,
leading to the realization of future-generation electronic devices with high energy-saving and ultrahigh-speed operation.
A leader and follower controlled dots on a screen, using hand-held motion tracking sensors. The leader was taught to produce chaotic and unpredictable movements,
amplifiers--to transport optical signals.""A major trend in optics,"the researchers write, "has been a drive toward...
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