Air transport

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Synopsis: Domenii: Transport: Transport generale: Air transport:

Planes use 2, 691, and cars a staggering 4, 218. BTU, or British thermal unit, per person mile is a measure of energy used to move a person a mile.

Now, cramming more people onto planes makes them more efficient per person. he load in aircraft,

If cognitive enhancers make the drivers and pilots to whom we entrust our lives less likely to crash,

truck drivers, pilots and doctors are known also to take cognitive enhancers. Stimulant use has long been commonplace in the military,

Tests carried out on 18 pilots at Stanford university found those given the Alzheimer's disease drug Aricept for 30 days were better able to retain complex aviation tasks learnt on a simulator than those given placebos.

citing mobile phones, agricultural activities, and aviation.""If we want to use the applications, we need to know the hard part of science.#

just like a jet of fuel sprayed from an injector. ou turn on the headlights and the light just reflects back into your eyes,

The result is a detailed moving image of a jet of fuel in the cylinder that can be presented in various ways, in black and white or in colour.

went to the Ministry of Commerce, chamber of commerce, customs, airport. I wanted to experience it myself,

The company claims its prototype fits onto most taps, can purify about 25,000 litres of water

Smart hope to turn the pilot into a commercial service for the country's Alternative Learning System programme,

The company claims its prototype fits onto most taps, can purify about 25,000 litres of water

Smart hope to turn the pilot into a commercial service for the country's Alternative Learning System programme,

#Edge-of-space planes to free-up congested skies Making predictions about the future of aviation is dangerous;

Few in aviation's golden age could have foreseen how cheap flying would become; in 1939 a Transatlantic airline ticket cost up to $90,

000 in today's money and nobody predicted the transatlantic passenger liner would ever be replaced.

Airships were supposed to be the way of the future, not aircraft. Experts believed the aviation industry would die because of environmental concerns and falling passenger numbers.

Airports are getting busier, even in a Europe grappling with downturn and austerity. All the major regions are improving

New generations of aircraft like the Boeing 787 and the Airbus a380 are far more efficient than older aircraft#70%more fuel efficient than aircraft of 40 years ago, according to the International air transport association (IATA.

and nowhere will the impact be greater than in aviation. By the year 2050, the world's population may have risen to 10 billion, with 75%of them living in cities.

New materials and new engine technology will continue to make aviation more efficient. Plane designs will make more use of carbon composites and, in the future, carbon nanofibres.

Air traffic control and airport management will also be revolutionised as digital technology makes aircraft easier to manage.

Lighter aircraft can be bigger and carry more freight and passengers. New fuelsin years to come they can be flown remotely, too.

Passenger aircraft might not be flown remotely#we will still feel safer with a human in the cockpit

#but automated air traffic could double the capacity of the flight paths around the world and only airport capacity would constrain us.

The stuff of science fiction? Not exactly. British aerospace flew an aircraft remotely to Inverness in Scotland this summer in a Civil aviation Authority-supported experiment.

Allowing UAVS to monitor and spray crops is regulated already and sanctioned in both North and South america.

The best bio fuel for aviation is probably butanol, an alcohol which behaves very like the kerosene that the jet engines of today use.

and if an economically efficient method can be found to industrialise that process then your flight of the future could literally be fuelled by alcohol.

The number of aircraft flying on our skies, however, also depends on the infrastructure to safely manage it.

as a result of Congress failing to back reforms proposed by the Federal Aviation Authority#after a very famous air traffic controllers strike more than 25 years ago.#

and mobile signals bounced off aircraft will replace the 1940s-era radar system still in use by#air traffic control,

and allow planes to land more efficiently, using less fuel in the process. Although no air traffic system is using such signals at the moment,

the Technology Strategy Board of the UK government is now funding an experiment to look at the practicalities of using the BBC's Freeview#a free-to-air DIGITAL TV signal#for just such a purpose.

a phantom signal that even modern radars find hard to differentiate from a real moving aircraft.

However, these flights are likely to run from dedicated spaceports and it will be some time before mixed-mode airports that can operate both spacecraft

and aircraft become possible. The early space systems will probably involve gliding back to Earth

#which may mean our airports will have to be redesigned to make them useable by these different designs.

The futuristic visions of the 1950s and 60s imagined neighbourhood airports and helicopters in our back gardens-but space travel is more likely.

The harsh reality of economics in a world with a huge demand for fuel have has meant it is too expensive to fight gravity

While Air force officials have argued the highly manoeuvrable aircraft with stealth technology would be useful in dealing with Syria's sophisticated air defence systems and surface-to-air missiles,

Another issue is that flight restrictions on the F-22 were lifted just earlier this year after concerns over pilot oxygen deprivation,

aligned parallel to the plane of the film. These tiny tubes, whose walls are one atom thick

It's all jet and no lag, #he says.""In an average month, I spend about a week-and-a-half in Berlin, about a week in San francisco and the rest of the time split between Los angeles, New york and London.#

A smattering of papers over the following few years reported sweet taste receptors in the bladder and the gut, bitter taste receptors in the sinuses, airways, pancreas and brain,

Yehuda Ben-Shahar, now a professor at Washington University in St louis, found cells in the human airway equipped with bitter receptors.

whether those in the airway might be protecting us in a similar way. He and his collaborators found that

"I'm willing to bet that these bitter receptors were on the airway before they migrated to the tongue,

Although confocal and two-photon microscopy can image a single plane within a living sample,

shrink, detective, wizard, ship captain, cheerleader and flag-waver. But now, even those roles what you might call the oftskills,

When the Pilot Can Elbit Systems is developing new applications for smart helmets for pilots that will be able to sense life-threatening developments during flight.

Helmets with integrated sensors were tested in a centrifuge under high G loads with pilots wearing G-suits.

On other tests pilots flew with them under loads of up to 6g. he test results we have collected so far have shown that the sensors performed predictably and reliably, monitoring the pilot condition

In non-pressurized cockpits, for example, when flying helicopters over high mountain ranges, hypoxia can develop slowly over the course of an hour.

When caused by oxygen supply failures or human condition, blood oxygen levels can drop, from 90 to 60-70 percent.

when pilots are subjected to excessive loads without the recommended preparation. Usually a pilot would recover from GLOC in 20 seconds

but, during the condition, the aircraft is uncontrolled and could hit the ground. A warning issued just prior to the onset of GLOC could alert the pilot to take precautions,

breath properly, apply pressure to reduce the load or ease the sharpness of the turn to reduce G. The sensor can profile each individual pilot

and assess his or her performance and tolerance on the specific flight. Once the system ecidesthat the pilot is in danger,

it triggers an audiovisual warning alerting the pilot to take action. In case the system ensesthat the pilot is unconscious

the autopilot can be activated to take control

#Machines Making Machines: Printing Missiles Researchers at Raytheon Missile Systems say they have created already nearly every component of a guided weapon using additive manufacturing, more commonly known as 3-D printing.

With commercially available high-end equipment and specially modified versions of low-cost 3-D printers, company researchers have created nearly every component of a guided weapon using 3-D printing,

including rocket engines, fins, parts for the guidance and control systems, and more. ou could potentially have these in the field,

said Jeremy Danforth, a Raytheon engineer who has printed working rocket motors. achines making machines. The user could print on demand.

Additional airbases in the nearby cities of Diyarbakir and Batman will be opened to allied planes for emergencies.

the Kurdish fighters group operating against ISIS inside northern Syria. he conclusion of an agreement between Turkey and the U s.-led anti-ISIS coalition to open Turkish airbases for coalition aircraft conducting

Currently these pods are operational at Heathrow Airport; enabling passengers to easily travel between terminals and car parks.

#Safe to fly A fresh way of analysing security information is being developed with the help of Heathrow Airport.

and feeds from existing airport systems bringing them all into one place. Any big airport could benefit from it.

It could deliver information to a single user, could have the opportunity to bring synergies across lots of systems,

and monitor these systems on an ongoing basis."The airport operator programmes the system to make connections between data sources and highlight potential threats in real time.

We may also see the location of airplanes.""The system-conceived in an EU research project-is designed to complement existing airport security systems already in place e

assembly-line machines do their own'thinking'A major consumer of time and money in the manufacturing of aircraft, motor vehicles,

Different models of aircraft have different body shapes, different types of seats and cabins, and so on.

All of this affects the shape and size of the fuselage. This means that production lines have to switch from one variety of aeroplane to another using different machines and different setups for the machines.

This costs time and money. PRESS can help significantly reduce costs by having the machines themselves adapt to different aeroplane models

says Peschl. roducts used to be more standardised. Today, customers want more varieties and customised products.

The United states Federal Aviation Authority (FAA) and the European Aviation safety Agency (EASA) have shown also interest in the technology

explains project manager Mariola Rodríguez. ablebot will demonstrate the potential of cable robotic systems for the life-cycle maintenance and repair of aircraft,

reducing resource waste The production of advanced high-tech components for aircraft and other aerospace applications is an expensive

#FLY-BAG CHALLENGE#Innovative bombproof luggage container to improve aviation safety Engineers are continually working on new ways to improve aviation safety,

the Fly-Bag consortium has developed a bomb-proof luggage container that can withstand an explosion on a commercial airliner.

or a cargo-hold from damaging the structure or tearing a hole in the fuselage and bringing down the plane.

which helped bring together an international team of manufacturing, material and aviation engineers. The diversity of industries and partners highlights that the Fly-Bag project is an example of cross-fertilisation among large research centres,

The primary challenge was to make these state-of-the-art materials contain the rapid gas expansion that occurs in an explosion strong enough to rip open the aluminium fuselage of a plane.

which a commercial airliner was brought down over Scotland by a bomb hidden in the baggage. D'Appolonia began developing the project in 2008,

As well as speaking to various airlines, Zangani and his team are currently finalising the certification process that will allow the deployment of the Fly-Bag in the aviation sector.

One of the major potential uses is on cargo planes not to confine terrorist bombs, but to transport dangerous materials."

According to Zangani, the first Fly-Bags are expected to be installed in commercial passenger planes in 2013.

pilot and demonstration projects, bringing together industrial partners, SMES, research centres and universities across the EU helping to develop knowledge and foster innovation.

parachute-shaped"sea anchor"to slow down a drifting ship and put it in a better position for rescue and recovery operations.

First, a helicopter drops a lasso that is fastened to the ship's bow. Next, a 200-metre chain is dropped into the water.

At the end of the chain is a 30-metre-wide sea anchor that opens under water like a parachute both slowing down the drifting ship and turning it 90 degrees.

#ENEA-MATS#Egypt taps into solar#Fotolia 2012a#12.5 million EU-funded project in thecountry aims at taking the first tentativesteps to fulfilling this promise by exploitingthe abundance of solar energy

and parts that go into our aircraft, cars, machine parts, says project coordinator Jan Willem Gunnink of UK-based Delcam.

Flexpakrenew has demonstrated at pilot scale that a set of technologies can be combined to produce performing paper-based packaging materials with a demonstrated environmental gain.

EU project makes first'solar'kerosene An EU-funded research project called SOLAR-JET has produced the world's first'solar'jet fuel from water and carbon dioxide (CO2), a promising technology for a better

and can be used by existing vehicles and aircraft without modifications of their engines or of fuel infrastructure.

The SOLAR-JET project brings together research organisations from academia and industry (ETH Zürich, Bauhaus Luftfahrt, Deutsches Zentrum für Luft-und Raumfahrt (DLR),

Homeowners could use a small filter attached to their tap. Further research is needed to optimize the process

Lead researcher Kaye Morgan from Monash University says the imaging method allows doctors to look at soft tissue structures for example the brain airways

However the new imaging method allows us for the first time to non-invasively see how the treatment is working live on the airway surface.

a special imaging device known as a focal plane array (FPA) gives highly detailed information on a sample area in minutes.

making it easier to image the entire brain without bleaching the probes. e can now scan an entire plane at one time instead of a point,

The technology could make screening bags and passengers at airports less intrusive. It also has the potential to inspect food and even scan for tumors.

Longo likens the effect to lightening a plane of excess cargo. During each cycle of fasting, this depletion of white blood cells induces changes that trigger stem cell-based regeneration of new immune system cells.

a new immune system. 72-HOUR FAST Prolonged fasting also protected against toxicity in a pilot clinical trial in

compared to other respiratory viruses, for causing obstruction and inflammation in the narrowest airways of the infant lung,

associate professor of microbiology and immunology. ut what wee now shown is that RSV has increased an ability to cause airway obstruction because, during an RSV infection,

or NS2, in epithelial cells, causing the cells to shed from the airway lining and into the airway lumen.

This leads to obstruction of airflow in the small airways and overwhelming inflammation. Published in the Journal of Clinical Investigation, the study shows it this NS2 protein

and parainfluenza virus (PIV3) nother common virus in children that causes much less severe airway diseaseo infect

which compose the lining of the lung airway. ut comparing these consequences of infection did not provide hints as to why RSV and PIV3 produced such differences in disease severity.

and puffed out of the airway epithelium, causing the infected cells to accumulate in the lumen of the airway. e hypothesized that

since RSV and PIV3 are very similar viruses these different effects must be due to differences in the types of genes that RSV expresses,

the researchers found that a specific RSV genehe NS2 geneas responsible for the balling up of RSV-infected airway cells.

When Liesman infected human airway cells in the lab with this re-engineered virus, she saw infected cells ball up

and puff out of the airway epithelium. he cells infected by PIV3 expressing the NS2 gene of RSV looked exactly like RSV-infected cells,

They found that infection of the narrowest airways of the lung by PIV3 alone caused moderate levels of inflammation,

the epithelial cells lining the narrow airways were shed rapidly into the airway lumen. The shedding occurred at such a great rate that the shed cells obstructed the airway lumen,

resulting and caused excessive inflammation. The findings in animal models were almost identical to what has been found in human infants who had died because of RSV infection.

convinced that the RSV NS2 gene is a major driver for the well-recognized increased ability of RSV to cause lung disease, especially in the extremely narrow small airways of human infants.

if the epithelial cells in the tiniest airways are expressing the RSV NS2 protein. He is now initiating studies to look for the same biomarkers in human infants infected with RSV f we can find biomarkers informing us that the most vulnerable parts of the lung have already been infected by RSV,

it may be possible to suppress the ability of NS2 to shed the airway epithelial cells. Thwarting this shedding effect wouldn stop infection or stifle the typical symptoms of RSV infection

but it might limit the virus ability to spread into the tiniest airways, which are the most likely to be obstructed by cells shed during infection.

Suppressing the effects of the RSV NS2 protein may also allow our immune system more time to deal with the RSV infection before the small airways become clogged with cells shedding from the lining of the airway,

and radar systems for aircraft ships and satellites can be extremely heavy and large so minimizing the size of these systems could provide significant savings.

But seen from the side three distinct layers are revealed with sulfur atoms in their own planes above and below the molybdenum.

But our material is highly porous. hat we see in the images are short 5-to 6-nanometer planes

Homeowners could use a small filter attached to their tap. Further research is needed to optimize the process

or shoot down enemy planes in a game. Spreading out your fingers magnifies a section of a map or scrolls the page of a book forwards.

Lead researcher Kaye Morgan from Monash University says the imaging method allows doctors to look at soft tissue structures for example the brain airways

However the new imaging method allows us for the first time to non-invasively see how the treatment is working live on the airway surface.

and homeland security applications says Yakovlev. deally you#d like to target a suspicious substance from an airplane possibly

The other thing we see at airports is the use of swabs to check for explosive residue

a special imaging device known as a focal plane array (FPA) gives highly detailed information on a sample area in minutes.

Volman suggests the material would make a compelling competitor to recently touted nanotube-based aerogels for deicing airplanes in the winter. e have the technology;

To improve amplification the researchers moved all the contacts to the same plane at the top surface of the vertical transistor.

Currently AM processes such as multi-jet modeling which create a solid 3d object from a digital model by laying down successive layers of material can fabricate a complex object in a matter of hours.

In the MIP-SL process a 3d digital model of an object is sliced by a set of horizontal planes

when they built their early airplanes. They made their planes a little unstable to get the maneuverability they needed. hen an animal

or vehicle is stable it resists unwanted changes in direction. On the other hand if it is maneuverable it has the ability to quickly change course when desired.

Combining jet printing with self-assembling block copolymers enabled the engineers to attain the much higher resolution as suggested by lead author Serdar Onses a postdoctoral scientist at Illinois. Onses earned his doctorate at the University of Wisconsin

And because e-jet can naturally handle fluid inks it is suited exceptionally well for patterning solution suspensions of nanotubes nanocrystals nanowires

and at the same time it maintains rotational symmetry parallel to the plane of motion. he findings are published in the journal Materials Horizons.

and luggage could improve security at airport checkpoints researchers say. ince this method uses a single beam

even if itâ#merely a minute trace on a zipper. his doesnâ##t mean that security will be armed with handheld lasers in airports.

which uses hurricane reconnaissance aircraft to punch through a storm#s eye wall and release dropsondes sensors that free-fall

#If you want to blast through a hurricane you have to build a bigger airplane#Mohseni says.#(

#The military) asks for a Batman airplane a super-duper aircraft that could do everything.

But what if you lose one of these super-duper airplanes?##We are going the opposite direction.

unlike bottles for petroleum or gas burners that cannot be carried on airplanes and must be sourced at destination.

but by expelling a jet of water. This allows them to move very quickly and quietly.

As part of the recent Google Science Fair Texas teen Alex Spiride recently showed off his own bio-inspired Squid-Jet underwater vehicle e

"Unmanned aircraft offer news organizations significant opportunities,"says FAA Administrator Michael Huerta.""We hope this agreement with CNN

and other media outlets looking to tap into the potential of unmanned aircraft, to others it may seem a little overdue with the FAA still outlawing drone use for commercial purposes.

Pilots could have the most realistic simulators they've ever flown beginner repair technicians could get hands-on experience without damaging expensive equipment

VTT has proven the feasibility of the method in its own pilot manufacturing unit, using commercially available materials.

Wall Connectors are popping up at hotels, casinos, ski resorts, restaurants, shopping centers, airports, and even mobile phone stores.

We, the searchable In Mid-january,#Facebook introduced Graph Search, a way for the average user to tap into the social network s web of interconnected human intelligence.

I asked why you don t see wipers on some aircraft on when they are coming in at very low levels for landing.

So what s required for more companies to tap into anticipatory computing? There are companies that specialize in reality mining,

But the e-commerce giant isn t the only company researching how to harness the potential of small unmanned aircraft:

##But a company like UPS could use drones to bring packages quickly and cheaply from a major airport or city to pick-up centers in more remote locations, speeding up delivery for a lot of customers.##

##Fedex founder Fred Smith has spoken repeatedly about his desire to#move to a fleet of unmanned aircraft,

#Powerup 3. 0 A paper airplane controlled by your smartphone Powerup 3. 0 Scientists have spent so much time making amazing airplanes,

for all that great work, there s been surprisingly little work in the creation of better paper airplanes.

##Though it s called 3. 0, it s the paper airplane 2. 0 for most of us.

What s the worst part about paper airplanes? If you picked either##running to retrieve it

Basically, Powerup 3. 0 allows you to control a paper airplane with your smartphone. Exactly what we ve all been waiting for ever

and make the paper airplane of your choice. My favorite is the one that does loop-de-loops,

and rudder piece to the back of your plane, slide the carbon fiber frame thought the paper s cleave

and go nuts controlling your paper airplane. The battery charges via mini USB and lasts for 10 minutes of continuous flight.

The app itself gives you a pilot s view, complete with a range indicator, a thrust level indicator,

To ascend or descend the plane use the throttle level. To turn it, tilt your iphone in the direction you d like the paper plane to head.

Real talk for a moment: It s somewhat depressing that we re now controlling our paper airplanes with iphones.

I feel like I m supposed to think that, and in some dark recess of my tech-loving heart, I do.

that sort of dedication to the paper airplane seems worth a $30 pledge. Via Dvice Share Thissubscribedel. icio. usfacebookredditstumbleupontechnorat d

The first step would be funding to update the Boeing/North american Aviation studies done in the 1970s.

##Aircraft can safely traverse the beam and tests have demonstrated that even the sensitive honeybee is unaffected,

Boeing and GE are developing the capability to 3-D print aircraft components, he said,

#Volocopter VC200 18-rotor electric helicopter takes flight Volocopter VC200 Greener transportation options have become a priority in the modern world.

Even helicopters are becoming greener. One German company, E-volo, designed several electric helicopters, and one of its models, the Volocopter VC200, recently passed its first flight tests.

Video)##E-volo s#vehicle may look bizarre, but the concept is actually brilliant. It has 18 rotors,

along with 18 zero-emission motors powered by six battery packs. Its frame is created from carbon fiber to keep the aircraft lightweight and It seats two people.

The most clever aspect of the VC200, however, is that it maneuvers by using its multiple propellers

though, the VC200 comes equipped with a parachute. Recently a prototype of the VC200 took to the skies for its first series of test flights.

Not only was impressed the team with the smooth flight experience of the aircraft, but they were surprised also by how quiet the Volocopter ran.

The VC200 took a total of nine flights, including one that lasted nearly 22 meters.

Each flight lasted a few minutes. However, the tests were limited to indoors, so who knows what s possible once the Volocopter is taken outside?

It is E-volo s hopes that the aircraft will eventually get up to speeds of 50 knots and stay in the air for more than an hour.

Although it will still be some time before the VC200 goes into production, results from the successful test flights will be analyzed for future improvements.

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