plasma levels and higher levels of Id1 in myeloid peripheral blood cells. Targeting Id1 might provide a three-pronged therapeutic approach,
Humphreys and his team have spent six years building a specialized receiver, called GRID, to extract so-called carrier phase measurements from low-cost antennas.
GRID currently operates outside the phone, but it will eventually run on the phone's internal processor.
In order to detect HIV-1 in recently infected individuals the researchers developed an assay that can detect the presence of the virus in whole blood or plasma.
or plasma where they bind to the virus creating aggregates of antibody and viral lysate.
Previous simulations of restored vision have used a"scoreboard model,"a grid of dots similar to the scoreboard at a football game, in
the researchers found they could ionize the gas into a plasma that glowed a soft blue light."
"This method is probably an easy and original way to make a plasma, "said Cedric Poulain, a physicist at The french Alternative energies and Atomic energy commission.
Poulain speculates that the deformability of a liquid drop would let the researchers rig up a device to move the plasma along a surface,
what gives rise to the very high electric field necessary to generate a long-term and dense plasma with little energy.
Arraythe researchers next plan to analyze the composition of the plasma layer. They say it appears to be a superposition of two types of plasma that is not well understood.
They will also study the fast dynamics at the bottom of the drop just as the sparks begin to fly,
which should yield additional insights into the plasma. Although plasma dynamics may seem far removed from the problem of film boiling in nuclear reactors,
Poulain is happy about the path the curiosity-driven research has taken the team.""It's very exciting,
"he said of the team's foray into plasma levitation n
#Paving the way for a faster quantum computer Since its conception, quantum mechanics has defied our natural way of thinking,
#Close to the point of more efficient chips More efficient chips based on plasmonics are a step closer to reality through better control of the directional excitation of plasmons in a gold grating.
A*STAR researchers and their collaborators have generated electromagnetic waves known as surface plasmon polaritons in a gold grating
so called because they use plasmons--collective excitations of electrons in a conductor--rather than electrons to transfer
direction of plasmons in a gold grating both theoretically and experimentally. In the experiments, they moved the STM tip relative to the edge of the gold grating
"The STM tip acts as a point source of surface plasmons,"Yang explains.""When placed on a metal film,
electrons that tunnel across the gap can excite plasmons, although inefficiently.""Yang likens the excitation of plasmons in gratings to dropping pebbles in a swimming pool with swimming lanes demarcated by floats."
"What is interesting is that depending on how far we drop the pebble from the barrier for each lane,
"This control of direction stems from the surface plasmon polariton reflected from the grating edge interfering with the one at the STM probe.
The result provides point sources of surface plasmon polaritons. This could prove useful for developing ways to replace wires between chips with optical connectors,
The researchers intend to investigate the optical characteristics of the plasmon source when the electrically excited plasmons are coupled to plasmonic waveguides,
opening the way to plasmonic counterparts of electronic components.""Potentially, we hope to achieve logic gates, which underpin all processing circuits,
based on electrically driven plasmons,"says Dong g
#Artificial leaf harnesses sunlight for efficient fuel production Generating and storing renewable energy, such as solar or wind power, is a key barrier to a clean energy economy.
Astonishingly, it now appears that the magnetic properties of this so-called metamaterial change with the temperature,
the so-called metamaterial exhibits phase transitions, much like those between steam, water and ice. This effect was observed by a team of researchers headed by Laura Heyderman from PSI."
the result of the new study also reveals that the PSI researchers'metamaterial would be a potential candidate here.
The major advantage of the synthetic metamaterial is that it can be customised virtually freely. While the individual atoms in a natural material cannot be rearranged with pinpoint precision on such a grand scale,
Thanks to a special measuring technique, the scientists initially studied the collective magnetic behaviour of their metamaterial at room temperature.
When the researchers cooled the metamaterial gradually and constantly, however, they reached a point where a higher order appeared:
Metamaterial can be customised In the next step, the researchers might influence these magnetic phase transitions by altering the size, shape and arrangement of the nanomagnets.
tailored phase transitions could enable metamaterials to be adapted specifically for different needs in future, "explains Heyderman.
Besides its potential use in information transfer, the metamaterial might also prove useful in data storage or for sensors that measure magnetic fields.
and therefore the properties of the metamaterial, can only be conducted exclusively at PSI. The equipment at the S S,
The possibility to use arbitrary metallic electrodes significantly simplifies the fabrication and operation of such novel storage devices s
Plasma accelerator technology, which is also at an experimental stage right now, promises to produce even higher accelerations,
designing the first on-chip metamaterial with a refractive index of zero, meaning that the phase of light can travel infinitely fast.
This new metamaterial was developed in the lab of Eric Mazur, the Balkanski Professor of Physics and Applied Physics and Area Dean for Applied Physics AT SEAS,
or manipulated but this metamaterial permits you to manipulate light from one chip to another, to squeeze,
"This zero-index metamaterial offers a solution for the confinement of electromagnetic energy in different waveguide configurations
"The metamaterial consists of silicon pillar arrays embedded in a polymer matrix and clad in gold film.
""This on-chip metamaterial opens the door to exploring the physics of zero index and its applications in integrated optics,"said Mazur r
Holey metamaterials enhance thermal energy harvesting It's estimated that the U s. fails to use more than half of the energy it generates--mostly
called a plasmon, that hugs the surface.""We design the surface to support a surface wave,
Presentation EM+AS+SS-Mom6,"Metamaterial Enhanced Rectenna for Efficient Energy harvesting,"is at 10:00 a m. on Monday, Oct 19.
and Drexel University, Philadelphia, USA, used extrusion-based 3-D printing to produce a grid-like 3-D structure to grow embryoid body that demonstrated cell viability
In the future, these infections will be prevented thanks to a new plasma implant coating that kills pathogens using silver ions.
in addition to combining it with a hydrophilic plasma polymer coating, which attracts moisture, "says Dr. Ingo Grunwald,
Researchers have integrated silver nanoparticles into the thin plasma polymer coating, which is up to just 100 nanometers thick.
with two plasma polymer layers surrounding a center layer of silver. Within this structure a biocide reservoir is formed
This allows the silver ions to penetrate the outermost plasma polymer layer over a set period of time deemed necessary to properly integrate the implant.
The test samples were coated using a plasma polymerization facility at the IFAM in Bremen. Researchers confirmed the mechanical stability
A demonstration unit of the plasma polymer coating is currently available. Researchers will be presenting a dental implant featuring the Dentaplas coating at the MEDICA trade fair in Düsseldorf from November 16-19 at the joint Fraunhofer booth t
Nanoscale Speed bump Could Regulate Plasmons for High-speed data Flow The name sounds like something Marvin the Martian might have built,
the innovation harnesses tiny electron waves called plasmons. It a step towards enabling computers to process information hundreds of times faster than today machines.
Unlike light, these plasmons are free to travel down nanoscale wires or gaps in metals.
Incoming plasmons, created by laser light at one end of the array, travel though this air gap between the bridges and the bottom gold layer.
slowing the plasmons. As the plasmons slow their wavelength becomes shorter, allowing more than an extra half of a plasmonic wave to fit under the bridge.
Because it exactly out of phase with the original wave, this additional half wavelength can be used to selectively cancel the wave,
whether the platform is designed for electric vehicles or a flow battery for grid applications, Persson said. hat we can do is calculate the properties of a large number of molecules
#Researchers Identify Calorie-Burning'Beige'Fat in Humans For the first time, a research team, led by a UC San francisco biologist,
Finally, the structures are treated with oxygen plasma to remove graphene. Scanning electron micrographs of the structures reveal extremely small nanogaps between the gold layers.
Raman spectroscopic measurements of the gold nanostructures reveal that small amounts of graphene still remain between the gold layers after being treated with oxygen plasma.
and lattice vibrations in a crystal of lithium niobate and to observe how a laser focused onto a glass plate creates a hot, rapidly expanding plume of plasma.
Grid coordinators have the daily challenge of forecasting the need for and scheduling exchanges of power to and from a number of neighboring entities.
Accurate forecasting of the schedule is critical not only to grid stability, but a power purchaser bottom line. magine the complexity for coordinators at regional transmission organizations who must accurately predict electricity needs for multiple entities across several states,
Each model tends to excel at capturing certain grid behavior characteristics, but not necessarily the whole picture.
what was occurring on the grid at any given moment. First, the team developed a statistical framework capable of guiding an iterative process to assemble,
To do this, the tool accesses short-and long-term trends on the grid as well as the historical forecasting performance of the individual and combined models.
making it possible to process a year worth of historical grid data within a few days.
The blood samples would be spun on a simple mechanical device resembling an eggbeater to separate the plasma from the blood cells.
The plasma would then be placed into a test tube or other container with a pellet containing the modified E coli.
Once mixed with the plasma, the E coli would multiply, producing the color corresponding to the level of zinc in the blood plasma.
when the plasma sample is added, though we are hoping to accelerate that, said Styczynski. The testing wouldn be done to identify individuals in need of treatment,
The hemapen is a prototype blood collection and storage device which enables users to take blood samples at home in a safe and portable application.
but also in transportation industry power backup, micro grid storage, and for the wider use of renewable energy. OSU officials say they are seeking support for further research
he says. aving a boiler that can respond to quick changescould provide extra flexibility to the electric grid,
#Molecular Switch Generates Calorie-Burning Brown Fat A research team led by UC San francisco scientists has identified a molecular switch capable of converting unhealthy white fat into healthy, energy-burning
becoming calorie burners like their brown and beige brethren. t was quite surprising, Kajimura said. his one protein turned out to be the switch that regulates
The general term for these substances are metamaterials, and they were the limiting factor in realizing the cloaking field,
the metamaterials have to be constructed precisely for the wavelength of the field you want to make invisible,
and construct a metallic metamaterial that could enclose two objects: a superconducting sphere and a magnetic sheet that had been wound into a cylinder.
The metamaterial had just the right properties to cloak a specific magnetic field encased within the sphere,
The challenge is to contain the hot plasma and keep it stable; the fusion reactors of today,
California, said in early August that it has succeeded in keeping a high-energy plasma stable for five millisecondsuch less than the blink of an eye,
that fires two clouds of plasma at each other to form a ring of plasma. The magnetic field that holds the ring together is generated by the plasma itself technique known as a field-reversed configuration.
The plasma is sustained by the injection of high-energy particles from accelerators. The challenge for Tri Alpha design, says Binderbauer,
is ot enough and long enough? keeping the plasma stable at a high-enough temperature to achieve energy-positive fusion.
The recent experiment indicated that the companyhich has attracted millions of dollars in funding from investors including Goldman sachs and Vulcan Inc,
Making the plasma hot enough is the next key challenge. Next year, Tri Alpha will begin building a new
At MIT Plasma Science and Fusion Center, a group headed by Dennis Whyte a professor of nuclear science and engineering and the center director, published a conceptual design in July for a machine called the ARC reactor (ffordable, robust, compact.
The novelty of the ARC design is the nature of the electromagnets that confine the plasma.
The researchers also envision a liquid lanketsurrounding the plasma that will absorb neutrons without damage
Increasing the amplitude of the surrounding magnetic field raises the amount of fusion power produced in the plasma to the fourth power dramatic increase that could lead to a commercial prototype in a matter of years,
Jonathan Menard, a plasma physicist at the Princeton Plasma physics Laboratory, directs the National Spherical Torus Experiment,
They used metamaterials-materials arranged in repeating patterns that exhibit weird behaviour -and a technique called"compressive sensing"to work out the direction that a sound is coming from
and storage systems have always been separate. Previously, Salahuddin and his colleagues had discovered that passing a current through the rare metal tantalum creates polarity in magnets without an external magnetic field.
#Metamaterials assist in'cocktail party'voice recognition Engineers at Duke university have developed a new type of sensor that enhances a computer ability to identify individual sounds that are overlapping,
When sound passes over the acoustic metamaterials, it gets slightly distorted depending on the depth of the cavities.
e have developed a rechargeable aluminium battery that may replace existing storage devices, such as alkaline batteries, which are bad for the environment,
And the new design could be used to store renewable energy of the electrical grid, the researchers suggested.
It is not the only battery storage system on the market, but the Powerwall boasts a relatively high storage capacity, a competitive price,
-or to pump energy into the grid when demand soars. He said on Thursday about two billion Powerpacks could store enough electricity to meet the entire world needs. hat may seem like an insane number,
Deutsche bank estimates sales of battery storage systems for homes and businesses could yield as much as $4. 5bn in revenue for Tesla.
Their chunky, bright orange soles are made of an elaborate flexible grid of interwoven fibres which resembles a crushed honeycomb.
The tubes act as scaffolding for the grid of fabric to be built on top. To make the structure rigid
#Revolutionary tidal fence is set to trap the sea power A British company has announced plans for an array of unique marine turbines that can operate in shallower and slower-moving water than current designs.
says the turbines will in time produce electricity more cheaply than offshore wind farms. It hopes to install its new design in
The fence is a string of linked turbines each of which will start generating electricity as it is completed,
Because the turbines sit horizontally beneath the surface of the sea they can be sited in water shallower than the 30-metre depth typically required by current designs.
and will have 400 turbines. Its developers say it could create almost 5, 000 jobs during construction.
Flip could affect electrical grid cancer ratesthe discovery comes as new evidence indicates that the intensity of Earth's magnetic field is decreasing 10 times faster than normal leading some geophysicists to predict a reversal within a few
Today however such a reversal could potentially wreak havoc with our electrical grid generating currents that might take it down.
Research groups worldwide work intensively to develop novel advanced energy conversion and storage systems with high efficiency low cost and environmental compatibility.
Plasmonics involves the control of light at the nanoscale using surface plasmons, which are coordinated waves,
Localized surface plasmons of metal nanostructures result in unique optical properties with characteristics that depend upon the metal composition,
Similar but more powerful transformers are used in electricity substations to convert the high voltages of the transmission grid into the standard AC power supply delivered to households.
These sparks knock atoms out of the material resulting in a plasma that emits multicolored light.
The plasma light is split into two beam channels and broken down into several wavebands like the colors of a rainbow
This reveals the nature and concentration of particles suspended in the plasma from which it is possible to derive information on the composition of the steel sample.
so that the instrument can distinguish between light emitted by te plasma and that emitted by the sparks.
--which is safe for the eyes at the instrument's infrared wavelength--NIST's 3d mapping system scans a target object point by point across a grid measuring the distance to each point.
We used magnetic beads of 3 micrometers in diameter to pull down the exosomes in plasma samples Zeng said.
In order to avoid other interfering species present in plasma the bead surface was modified chemically with an antibody that recognizes
The plasma containing magnetic beads then flows through the microchannels on the diagnostic chip in which the beads can be collected readily using a magnet to extract circulating exosomes from the plasma.
Beyond lung cancer Zeng said the lab-on-a-chip could be used to detect a range of potentially deadly forms of cancer.
Plasma levels of antibodies to Clpb and melanotropin were higher in these patients. Furthermore their immunological response determined the development of eating disorders in the direction of anorexia or bulimia.
an ion crystal essentially, a grid of charged atoms in order to study friction effects, atom by atom.
thanks to a moisture mill a turbine engine driven by water evaporating from wet paper strips lining its walls.
#Safe drinking water Via Solar power Desalination Natasha Wright, an MIT Phd student in mechanical engineering, has designed a solar powered system that makes water safe to drink for rural, off-grid Indian villages.
their designs are intended to be powered grid. When operating off the grid, these systems are not cost-effective,
essentially blocking disconnected, rural villages from using them. Wright solution offers an alternative to grid power:
She designed a village-scale desalination system that runs on solar power. Since her system is powered by the sun,
The company is initially focusing on grid-scale installations, used to help smooth out power loads
and provide electricity for the grid or street lights. The netherlands is not a top producer of solar power,
Just as the smart grid is the new reality for the energy industry, smart water networks are the new face of the water utility industry.
#White house unveils smart grid strategy, $250 million in loans WASHINGTON, D c.--If Thomas Edison could drop into 2011
and would likely be puzzled at how little his creation had changed would be our electrical grid. That's the narrative that White house officials used to help sell the idea of revolutionizing the U s.#electrical grid at an event for the press
energy industry leaders, and technology industry executives on Monday in Washington. Led by the Secretary of energy Steven Chu and federal CTO Aneesh Chopra,
--and $250 million in loans--for building a 21st century'smart grid'as a catalyst to make power less expensive,
As part of the event, the National Science and Technology Council released a new report called A Policy Framework for the 21st Century Grid:
along with the rest of the White house's smart grid materials and its presentation on Monday, are packed with details on the current challenges
A better grid: Upgrade the U s. electrical infrastructure to drastically improve storage and transmission. Creating standards will be a critical part of the plan.
Prepare the'smart grid'to better handle new forms of power--wind, solar, geothermal, etc. --that are going to be an increasingly larger proportion of the pie.
Since the U s. is where the modern#electrical grid was born, this country has an old, well-established infrastructure with a large installed base.
and companies have control and regulation over the way the electrical grid works across the U s,
when he first came into office the smart grid issue was wanted something he to move quickly on.
and federal agreement on energy and grid standards so that utilities don't have to guess when they are dealing with different jurisdictions to upgrade the grid.
This was confirmed by Bob Shapard, CEO of the Texas utility#Oncor, who said that energy companies were ready to invest in upgrading the infrastructure.
For more details on the U s. smart grid plans, read: Administration Announces Grid Modernization Initiatives to Foster a Clean energy Economy and Spur Innovation Fact sheet:
The President's Plan for a 21st Century Electric grid A Policy Framework for the 21st Century Grid:
Enabling Our Secure Energy Future Author's note: Enthusiasm may be the best thing the U s. has going for it in facing the two major obstacles to the smart grid.
The participants in the event--from officials in various agencies to business leaders in energy and technology to a couple high school students who've pioneered smart meters in their school--all spoke with the enthusiasm you don't typically see at government events.
In standard turbine design, wind energy is used to turn the unit's rotors, which then converts this type of power into electricity through powering machinery
which rotational energy created by the turbine is used to generate heat, which is stored then in low heat capacity fluid.
In turn, such variability may limit the ability to incorporate large amounts of wind power into a grid system.
a trend towards a more distributed electricity grid is challenging the current business model for utilities. And as prices continue to fall for solar panels
which creates steam that turn power turbines. The solar PV will meet total day time demand year-round,
In a steam-powered power plant, water is heated up to create steam that turns a turbine.
The turning of the turbine produces electricity. In this process, the steam is condensed back into water
The grids linked to two metal edestalsthat jutted out of Sorto skull. Within one month of surgery, Sorto was ready to get to work.
When combined, they create a metamaterial, capable of bending light in unusual ways. The team also varied the height of the cylinders by a small amount,
a newer version of metamaterials that has generated recently some interest. ne tenth of the wavelength is essentially like 0 in height,
Keuka turbine is a pinwheel of aluminum blades that sits atop a floating V-shape platform containing liquid air.
The Florida-based company claims that its wind turbine design allows for larger turbines that could produce far more electricity.
Keuka says its full-size turbines could produce at least double that amount. Liquid-air energy storage, also sometimes called cryogenic energy storage,
The gas then drives a turbine. Although it is an attractive energy storage technology because of its long duration,
because its design substantially reduced the cost by supplying the power directly from the turbines to the liquefaction equipment.
In 2014, General electric signed an exclusive global licensing deal with Highview Power storage, a U k. startup that makes utility-scale liquid-air energy storage systems.
US WEST (Oregon), EU (Frankfurt) and its AWS Govcloud. mazon Web Services Wind farm (Fowler Ridge) will bring a new source of clean energy to the electric grid where we currently operate a large number of datacenters
or icrogrids, that can operate independently of the centralized grid. Microgrids, which typically use local energy sources such as wind
solar, and hydropower, could help hundreds of millions of people who live beyond conventional grids get reliable electricity.
The so-far-insurmountable challenge is to confine hydrogen plasma at conditions under which the hydrogen nuclei fuse together at levels that release a useful amount of energy.
Most research efforts use a method that tries to contain hot plasma within magnetic fields in a doughnut-shaped device called a tokamak.
This approach tries to contain plasma by reflecting particles from high-density magnetic fields to low-density ones.
The small team developing the reactor at the company s skunkworks in Palmdale California has done 200 firings with plasma Mcguire said
However he said of the plasma it looks like it s doing what it s supposed to do.
Helion Energy of Redmond Washington which is developing a system that attempts to use a combination of compression and magnetic confinement of plasma;
and Lawrenceville Plasma physics in Middlesex New jersey which is working on a reactor design that uses what s known as a dense plasma focus.
Another startup General Fusion based in Vancouver British columbia tries to control plasma using pistons to compress a swirling mass of molten lead
and lithium that also acts as a coolant absorbing heat from fusion reactions and circulating it through conventional steam generators to spin turbines (see A New Approach to Fusion
and Plug ships into electricity grid so they dont idle in port reducing emissions equivalent to 12000 cars per ship.
and Edvard Moser who shared in the prize for their discovery of a separate type of cell grid cells
Some engineers for instance have used the idea of grid cells as inspiration for new algorithms to control robots or autonomous submarines.
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