| Plasma (266) |  |
| Plasmon (135) | |
The plasma protection is designed to increase the adhesion of the coating and therefore its resistance over time. fter a while
Plasma treatment is a versatile and powerful technique: by producing high frequency electric discharges, plasma generates'ionised'gas that can change the surface properties of the material it is in contact with.
Bugnicourt says the consortium looked at plasma treatments as they can either'hydrophobise'(waterproof) wood surfaces
or make them more compatible with waterborne coatings. She says the plasma pre-treatment could add five to seven years life to the wood. lasma is an innovative technology with many applications,
and is something that we will hear more from over time, Bugnicourt says. t has many qualities,
and know-how regarding how plasma adds to wood protection, she adds. The European wood processing industry which includes forest workers
The design builds on existing technology and creates a magnetic field within a closed space to hold plasma in place long enough for fusion to occur allowing the hot plasma to react and burn.
The reactor itself would be largely self-sustaining meaning it would continuously heat the plasma to maintain thermonuclear conditions.
The new design is known as a spheromak meaning it generates the majority of magnetic fields by driving electrical currents into the plasma itself.
The researchers have tested successfully the prototype s ability to sustain a plasma efficiently and as they further develop
and expand the size of the device they can ramp up to higher-temperature plasma and get significant fusion power output.
The sun consists of hot plasma made of electrons and ions. Magnetic field lines extend from the solar surface all the way into the corona.
but are rooted in the photosphere s turbulent plasma whose behavior is described in terms of fluid dynamics the science of the movement of fluids and gases.
However calculations based solely on plasma turbulence were also unable to reproduce the occurrence of solar flares in full.
Using a supercomputer the team was able to show that the model consistently generated correct results even when changing details such as the number of flux tubes or the energy of the plasma.
The metallic nanostructures use surface plasmons waves of electrons that flow like a fluid across metal surfaces.
Light of a specific wavelength can excite a plasmon and LANP researchers often create devices where plasmons interact sometimes with dramatic effects. ith plasmonic gratings
not only do you get color tunability you can also enhance near fieldszheng says. he near-field interaction increases the absorption cross section
#Laser device sniffs out tiny traces of explosives University of California Berkeley rightoriginal Studyposted by Sarah Yang-Berkeley on July 24 2014mechanical engineers have found a way to dramatically increase the sensitivity of a light-based plasmon sensor.
The nanoscale plasmon sensor used in the lab experiments is much smaller than other explosive detectors on the market.
Because of this the researchers are hopeful that their plasmon laser sensor could detect pentaerythritol tetranitrate or PETN an explosive compound considered a favorite of terrorists.
The sensor represents the latest milestone in surface plasmon sensor technology which is used now in the medical field to detect biomarkers in the early stages of disease.
By coupling electromagnetic waves with surface plasmons the oscillating electrons found at the surface of metals researchers were able to squeeze light into nanosized spaces
The new device builds upon earlier work in plasmon lasers by Zhang s lab that compensated for this light leakage by using reflectors to bounce the surface plasmons back and forth inside the sensorâ##similar to the way sound waves
The amplified sensor creates a much stronger signal than the passive plasmon sensors currently available
The mechanism takes into account the#shear#effect of mass movement of the ionised gas known as plasma
It's these approximately 100-nanometers-wide slits that allow the device to differentiate between colors with plasmons waves of electrons that flow across metal surfaces) excited by light of a specific wavelength.
I. Kim is affiliated also with the Neuroscience Program the Institute for Genomic Biology the Beckman Institute and the departments of bioengineering of materials science and engineering and of nuclear plasma and radiological engineering at the U. of I d
plasma-based unit to generate sodium cyanide at the mine itself. This technology eliminates the need to transport,
when the charged plasma cooled into neutral atoms, that those photons could fly freely. Today they make up the CMB,
and neutral atoms of hydrogen and helium were beginning to form from the seething mass of charged plasma.
#Floating, Touchable'Fairy Lights'Unveiled A team of researchers from Japan has found a way to use a high-speed laser to create a touchable plasma display in mid-air.
Nagoya Institute of technology and the University of Tokyo believe their laser-induced plasma, which they've dubbed"Fairy Lights,
Laser-induced plasma can also be controlled precisely. The researchers behind the project believe the technology has several applications,
thanks to tiny etchings made with oxygen plasma. Because of these slight differences, the stem cells developed into different types of cardiac tissue cells
An unexpected pattern has been glimpsed in the solar wind the turbulent plasma of charged particles that streams from the sun. It offers clues for handling plasmas that roil inside nuclear fusion reactors On earth.
These create energy in the same way as the sun by fusing a superheated plasma of hydrogen nuclei to form helium.
Though less dense and cooler than the hydrogen of a fusion reactor the wind is a plasma
By adding the fractal behaviour to their plasma models fusion scientists may be able to control turbulence
which can cause plasma to escape the magnetic field containing it in the reactor. They may also be able to use turbulence to disrupt high energy plasma blobs that can rip holes in the reactor.
These results look very promising says Todd Evans of nuclear energy firm General Atomics in San diego California.
#Earth raises a plasma shield to battle solar storms Earth can raise shields to protect itself against solar storms.
For the first time satellites and ground-based detectors have watched as the planet sends out a tendril of plasma to fight off blasts of charged solar matter.
and the resulting plasma becomes trapped by magnetic fields in a doughnut-shaped ring around the planet.
Theory had suggested that an extra-strong electric field from the sun can rip plasma away from the plasmasphere during reconnection triggering a plume.
and saw a tendril of increased electron density curling away from the north pole indicating that a plume of plasma was veering off towards the sun. At the same time three of NASA's THEMIS spacecraft
For the first time we were able to monitor the entire cycle of this plasma stretching from the atmosphere to the boundary between Earth's magnetic field
Not every solar storm generates a plasma plume which means ground-based observations will continue to be vital for understanding the phenomenon.
These are bright regions where hot plasma wells up surrounded by darker boundaries where it cools
Our solar system has a tail reminiscent of a four-leaf clover according to new observations of the plasma bubble that shields the solar system from the rest of the galaxy.
At the same time a stream of particles blowing out from the sun the solar wind inflates a bubble of plasma around the solar system called the heliosphere Astronomers have assumed long that the sun's motion through the galaxy squashes
Then they expose the array to a plasma rich in carbon. The nanotubes grow up under the catalyst particles
a plasma then etches the material away according to the pattern. The recipe is the gases power pressure level time
Light interaction with graphene produces particles called plasmons while light interacting with hbn produces phonons.
the plasmons and phonons can couple, producing a strong resonance. The properties of the graphene allow precise control over light,
A similar effect can be realized at a much smaller scale by using arrays of metallic nanostructures since light of certain wavelengths excites collective oscillations of free electrons known as plasmon resonances in such structures.
The plasmon resonance wavelength varies sensitively with the dimensions of the nanostructures. Consequently by varying the diameter of the four aluminum nanodisks in a pixel (all four nanodisks having the same diameter) the scientists were able to produce about 15 distinct colors#a good start
(or reflected light through the tunneling of surface plasmons a feature widely usable by light-emitting devices plasmonic lithography refractive-index-based sensing and all-optical switching.
When associate professor Qi Hua Fan of the electrical engineering and computer science department set out to make a less expensive supercapacitor for storing renewable energy he developed a new plasma technology that will streamline the production of display screens.
and plasma technologies Fan was named researcher of the year for the Jerome J. Lohr College of Engineering.
Through this project Fan developed a faster way of treating the biochar particles using a new technology called plasma activation.
Treating means you use plasma to change the material surface such as creating pores Fan said.
The plasma treatment activates the biochar in five minutes and at room temperature Fan explained. Conventional chemical activation takes several hours to complete
Plasma processing is a very critical technology in modern optoelectronic materials and devices Fan explained.
The high-energy plasma can deposit highly transparent and conductive thin films create high quality semiconductors and pattern micro-or nanoscale devices thus making the display images brighter and clearer.
Fan will work with Wintek to develop a prototype plasma system. The activation method has the potential to improve production efficiency saving time and energy he noted d
Then they expose the array to a plasma rich in carbon. The nanotubes grow up under the catalyst particles
a plasma then etches the material away according to the pattern. The recipe is the gases power pressure level time
Particle size and chemical composition are determined by dynamic light scattering, analytical centrifugation, electron microscopy and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS),
The light whizzing past generates plasmons: collective oscillations of electrons.""The plasmons pull the light wave a little further out of the glass microsphere,
"Vollmer explains. This amplifies the field strength of the light wave by a factor of more than a thousand.
Using a laser to excite electromagnetic waves called plasmons at the surface of the wire the researchers found that the Mos2 flake at the far end of the wire generated strong light emission.
Going in the other direction as the excited electrons relaxed they were collected by the wire and converted back into plasmons
We have found that there is pronounced nanoscale light-matter interaction between plasmons and atomically thin material that can be exploited for nanophotonic integrated circuits said Nick Vamivakas assistant professor of quantum optics and quantum physics at the University of Rochester and senior author of the paper.
Typically about a third of the remaining energy would be lost for every few microns (millionths of a meter) the plasmons traveled along the wire explained Kenneth Goodfellow a graduate student at Rochester's Institute of Optics
K. Goodfellow R. Beams C. Chakraborty L. Novotny A n. Vamivakas Integrated nanophotonics based on nanowire plasmons and atomically-thin material Optica Vol. 1 Issue
The metallic nanostructures use surface plasmons waves of electrons that flow like a fluid across metal surfaces.
Light of a specific wavelength can excite a plasmon and LANP researchers often create devices where plasmons interact sometimes with dramatic effects.
With plasmonic gratings not only do you get color tunability you can also enhance near fields Zheng said.
UC Berkeley professor of mechanical engineering, has found a way to dramatically increase the sensitivity of a light-based plasmon sensor to detect incredibly minute concentrations of explosives.
"The ability to magnify such a small trace of an explosive to create a detectable signal is a major development in plasmon sensor technology,
Unstable and hungry for electrons The nanoscale plasmon sensor used in the lab experiments is much smaller than other explosive detectors on the market.
Because of this, the researchers are hopeful that their plasmon laser sensor could detect pentaerythritol tetranitrate, or PETN, an explosive compound considered a favorite of terrorists.
Latest generation of plasmon sensors The sensor represents the latest milestone in surface plasmon sensor technology,
By coupling electromagnetic waves with surface plasmons the oscillating electrons found at the surface of metals,
The new device builds upon earlier work in plasmon lasers by Zhang's lab that compensated for this light leakage by using reflectors to bounce the surface plasmons back and forth inside the sensor similar to the way sound waves are reflected across the room
Zhang said the amplified sensor creates a much stronger signal than the passive plasmon sensors currently available
During the 1990s'researchers found that plasmons, tiny waves of electrons in metallic surfaces that appear
the plasmons in the nanoparticles enhance the Raman signal coming from the molecules that have to be detected with several orders of magnitude.
whose lab created the study's crystalline magnetic carbon nanoparticle using an electric plasma discharge inside a toulene solution.
carbon nanotube clusters architecture via chemical vapor deposition and inductively coupled plasma treatment. Lithium ion batteries based on this novel architecture demonstrate a high reversible capacity and excellent cycling stability.
In 2010 they successfully obtained funding for the project called SPEDOC (Surface Plasmon Early Detection of Circulating Heat shock proteins and Tumor Cells) under the 7th Framework Program (FP7) of the European commission.
A tile got hit on launch allowing reentry heat to go through one of the wings like a plasma torch!
State-run news agency Ria Novosti has said that it will carry dust monitors and plasma sensors to sense high-energy cosmic rays as well.
Initially working with Lew Meixler on a federal Cooperative Research and development Agreement in the Plasma Surface Laboratory, she solved the problem by treating the metal (steel or titanium) with a plasma.
These plasmon density waves absorb energy from the photons that pass through the silicon wafer. The absorption of the energy produces otor energetic electrons,
or a wakefield (using high energy unchesof electrons to blast a tunnel through plasma; when the tunnel collapses back on itself,
RF accelerators can reach energies of a few tens of mega electron volts before the RF energy itself begins to destabilize the mechanism in what called plasma breakdown.
In wakefield approaches, balancing the skittish plasma bubble requires terawatt or petawatt lasers, tricky micromachinging,
the frequency is high enough that the plasma breakdown threshold for surface electric fields increases The terahertz approach also allows them to use readily available picoseconds lasers.
or another carbon-containing gas and superheated into a glowing plasma ball. That creates particles that crystallize into diamonds,
Surprisingly, the researchers found that the metabolic activity of the bone marrow of patients with MGUS was significantly different to plasma from healthy volunteers,
which, using plasmon resonance, was capable of measuring protein-DNA interactions. Ultimately Chen and his group developed about 20 patents involving hybrid bionanomaterials.
as well as plasma from cancer patients. The latter served for the preliminary study of the predictive power of the integrins identified, that is,
whether analysis of the exosome integrins alone will make it possible to know in which organs there could be metastasis."Our work suggests that a high level of certain integrins in the plasma of patients with breast cancer
The behavior of this plasma, and the process by which it cooled to form matter as we know it,
The pockets of plasma born of these collisions are much smaller than those created by heavier atoms,
not because the plasma itself will ever be long-lived enough to be useful, but because the data gathered as it winks in
#High-tech comb uses plasma to kill lice As some parents will already know, head lice infestations can be very difficult to treat.
in the form of a comb that zaps the pests with cold plasma. Already in use in some German pediatric clinics, the comb has conductive teeth that serve as electrodes.
generating plasma. Exposure to that plasma kills both adult lice and their eggs, which are known as nits.
Because the pulses are very short, however, the plasma is no warmer than room temperature. Therefore
there's no danger of burns or singeing to the patient. Just one treatment reportedly kills half of the lice and nits immediately,
in plasma isolated from blood. By measuring the level of genetic mutations in the ctdna, the test can predict the nature of metastatic disease
Plasmon energy expansion thermometry, inset, uses a beam of electrons to track where heat is produced
Electrons passing through a sample excite collective charge oscillations called plasmons. Monitoring the energy required to excite the plasmons enables measuring local variations in a sample density,
which are directly related to the local temperature within an integrated circuit or transistor. Based on these principles
the researchers developed a new technique called plasmon energy expansion thermometry, or PEET. It enables measuring local temperature with 3-5 K precision and 5 nm spatial resolution.
Surface plasmons are electromagnetic waves propagating along a metal-dielectric interface (e g.,, gold/air) and having the amplitudes exponentially decaying in the neighbor media.
) Plasmonic devices harness clouds of electrons called surface plasmons to manipulate and control light. Potential applications for the nanotweezer include improved-sensitivity nanoscale sensors
Nanoparticles were fabricated in the Australian National University by e-beam lithography followed by plasma-phase etching.
plasma-based ion engines meaning it packs a Punch in January, Accion tested a miniature version of MAX-1,
Then the team exposed the graphene to an oxygen plasma that knocked carbon atoms out of the graphene's nanoscale chicken wire lattice to create pores.
The longer the graphene membrane was exposed to the plasma, the bigger the pores that formed,
So far, the oxygen plasma approach worked the best, "he added. He worries more about gremlins that plague today's reverse osmosis membranes--growths on membrane surfaces that clog them (called"biofouling)
the light beams of the waveguides initiate electromagnetic surface waves, the so-called surface plasmons. The voltage applied to the polymer modulates the surface waves.
Victor Anaskin) Surface plasmons are electromagnetic waves propagating along a metal-dielectric interface (e g.,, gold/air) and having the amplitudes exponentially decaying in the neighbor media.
The scientists developed a nanoscale photodetector that uses the common material molybdenum disulfide to detect optical plasmons--travelling oscillations of electrons below the diffraction limit
The device expands on previous work demonstrating that light could be transmitted along a silver nanowire as a plasmon
rather than solely to the laser's wavelength, demonstrating that the plasmons effectively nudged the electrons in Mos2 into a different energy state."
the energy was converted into plasmons, a form of electromagnetic wave that travels through oscillations in electron density.
and performance was limited at shorter wavelengths due to ineffective plasmon propagation and at longer wavelengths due to the band gap of molybdenum disulfide."
About the Presentation The presentation,"Detection of Optical Plasmons Using an Atomically-Thin Semiconductor, "by Kenneth Goodfellow, will take place from 15:30-17:00, Thursday, 22 october 2015,
a high-frequency microwave oscillator developed in collaboration with Richard Temkin of MIT Department of physics and Plasma Science and Fusion Center.
which allows plasma components including brain-reactive autoantibodies into the brain. There, the autoantibodies can bind to neurons
it is safer and simpler to take it into space than a plasma or gas.
A laser-driven plasma wave accelerates and wiggles electrons, giving rise to a brilliant kev X-ray emission. his so-called betatron radiation is emitted in a collimated beam with excellent spatial coherence and remarkable spectral stability.
First, the laser pulse ploughs through a plasma consisting of positively charged atomic cores and their electrons like a ship through water, producing a wake of oscillating electrons.
creating a plasma shield in between the explosion and the vehicle. The plasma's temperature and density help deflect
and absorb the shockwaves from the explosion. In the patent illustration, the force field protects a military HMMWV,
while heavier-armored tanks and MRAPS could save their plasma blasts for only larger threats.
#Whoa, researchers have levitated liquid droplets on glowing plasma French researchers have found a new way to levitate liquid droplets by using a stream of electricity to create a tiny cushion of plasma.
managing to float liquid droplets using plasma. More than just a cool party trick, the new technique provides some important insight into the production of plasma.
It works in a very similar way to something called the Leidenfrost effect, where liquid droplets sitting on an incredibly hot surface begin to levitate on a hot cushion of vapour.
they'd actually managed to ionise the gas into plasma.""This method is probably an easy and original way to make a plasma,
"lead researcher and physicist Cedric Poulain said in a press release. But he admits that this was far from the original reason for the experiment,
"Although they weren't expecting to generate plasma at all, what surprised the team most of all was the blue light emission,
which gave rise to the very high electric field necessary to generate a long-term and dense plasma with little energy.
The next step is for the team to analyse the composition of the plasma cushion, which appears to be a superposition of two types of plasma-something that scientists known very little about."
"It's very exciting, "said Poulain of the research's unexpected turn. Even though it wasn't
their results could could provide some fascinating insight into the physics of plasma and potentially lead to new,
the study is the first time low temperature plasmas (LTPS) have been applied on cells grown directly from patient tissue samples.
It is the result of a unique collaboration between the York Plasma Institute in the Department of physics and the Cancer Research Unit (CRU) in York Department of biology.
Low temperature plasmas are formed by applying a high electric field across a gas using an electrode, which breaks down the gas to form plasma.
This creates a complex, unique reactive environment containing high concentrations of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS).
when transferred through plasma to a target source, is a key mediator of oxidative damage and cell death in biological systems.
a Phd student at the York Plasma Institute who has been working with Dr Fiona Frame on the project,
monitoring the precision of plasma application. If all subsequent trials are successful, LTP could be used to treat cancer patients within 10-15 years 1
Initially working with Lew Meixler on a federal Cooperative Research and development Agreement in the Plasma Surface Laboratory, she solved the problem by treating the metal (steel or titanium) with a plasma.
"Our findings indicate that a subset of genes involved with elevated plasma lipid levels and inflammation may also increase the risk for developing AD.
Elevated levels of plasma lipids and inflammation can be modified with treatment, which means it could be possible to identify
Plasma synthesis, which consumes large amounts of energy and involves significant material wastage, is used another generally method.
They have exploited the underlying physics to reduce the necessary laser power for plasma generation. Researchers at the University of Rochester's Institute of Optics have shown that a laser-generated microplasma in air can be used as a source of broadband terahertz radiation.
Ph d. student and lead author Buccheri explains that they exploited the underlying physics to reduce the necessary laser power for plasma generation.
For this, a plasma is needed. Buccheri explains that spectroscopy works by looking at which frequencies are absorbed by certain materials.
"Until now, approaches to use a plasma as a broadband source of terahertz have used commonly an elongated plasma generated by combining together two laser beams of different frequencies, i e.,
The"one-color"approach uses single laser frequency to generate the plasma. Pioneered by Harald Hamster and colleagues in 1993,
if by creating a plasma with a laser in one of these"weirder"polarization states
The trick was to replace elongated plasmas, with lengths ranging from few millimeters to several centimeters, with a microplasma, about the width of a human hair.
Although plasmon lasers have been demonstrated at different spectral ranges, from the ultraviolet to near-infrared, a systematic approach to manipulate the lasing emission wavelength in real time has not been possible.
The main limitation is that only solid gain materials have been used in previous work on plasmon nanolasers;
Odom's research team has found a way to integrate liquid gain materials with gold nanoparticle arrays to achieve nanoscale plasmon lasing that can be tuned dynamical, reversibly and in real time.
plasma levels and higher levels of Id1 in myeloid peripheral blood cells. Targeting Id1 might provide a three-pronged therapeutic approach,
In order to detect HIV-1 in recently infected individuals the researchers developed an assay that can detect the presence of the virus in whole blood or plasma.
or plasma where they bind to the virus creating aggregates of antibody and viral lysate.
the researchers found they could ionize the gas into a plasma that glowed a soft blue light."
"This method is probably an easy and original way to make a plasma, "said Cedric Poulain, a physicist at The french Alternative energies and Atomic energy commission.
Poulain speculates that the deformability of a liquid drop would let the researchers rig up a device to move the plasma along a surface,
what gives rise to the very high electric field necessary to generate a long-term and dense plasma with little energy.
Arraythe researchers next plan to analyze the composition of the plasma layer. They say it appears to be a superposition of two types of plasma that is not well understood.
They will also study the fast dynamics at the bottom of the drop just as the sparks begin to fly,
which should yield additional insights into the plasma. Although plasma dynamics may seem far removed from the problem of film boiling in nuclear reactors,
Poulain is happy about the path the curiosity-driven research has taken the team.""It's very exciting,
"he said of the team's foray into plasma levitation n
< Back - Next >
Overtext Web Module V3.0 Alpha
Copyright Semantic-Knowledge, 1994-2011