and does not alter the brightness of light around a hidden object. The technology behind this cloak will have more applications than invisibility,
The idea behind cloaking is to change the scattering of electromagnetic waves--such as light and radar--off an object to make it less detectable to these wave frequencies.
It won't lose any intensity of the light that it reflects.""Many cloaks are lossy
and surface--appear flat by mimicking the reflection of light off the flat surface. Any object reflects light differently from a flat surface,
light from different points is reflected out of sync, effectively cancelling the overall distortion of light caused by the object's shape."
"This cloaking device basically fools the observer into thinking that there's a flat surface, "said Kant.
we were able to control the reflection of light at each point on the cloak,
They showed how a single nanoresonator can manipulate light to cast a very large"reflection."
"Making an object look 10,000 times larger than its physical size has lots of implications in technologies related to light,
Much like sound, light can resonate, amplifying itself as the surrounding environment manipulates the physical properties of its wave energy.
which the wavelength of light is much larger than in a vacuum, which allows light waves to resonate more powerfully.
and then scatters the light over a very large area, harnessing its output for imaging applications that make microscopic particles appear huge."
In addition, Yu envisions simply letting the resonator emit that energy in the form of infrared light toward the sky,
"This research opens up a new way to manipulate the flow of light, and could enable new technologies in light sensing and solar energy conversion,
"Microcavity To produce the room-temperature condensate, the team of researchers from Polytechnique and Imperial College first created a device that makes it possible for polaritons-hybrid quasiparticles that are part light
and then observed via the blue light it emits. Its dimensions can be comparable to that of a human hair, a gigantic size on the quantum scale.
the team of researchers from Polytechnique and Imperial College first created a device that makes it possible for polaritons-hybrid quasiparticles that are part light
and then observed via the blue light it emits. Its dimensions can be comparable to that of a human hair, a gigantic size on the quantum scale."
Powerful transistors entirely powered by light are another possible application. The research team foresees that the next major challenge in developing such applications will be to obtain a lower particle-condensation threshold
While Day and Mankins study focused on the wires ability to absorb different wavelengths of light,
and funnel the light into them. Previous research has shown that different diameter wires absorb different wavelengths of light.
For example, very small diameters absorb blue light well, and larger diameters absorb green light. What we showed is
if you have this modulation along the structure we can have the best of both worlds and absorb both wavelengths on the same structure.
The new wires unusual light absorption abilities dont end there, though. By shrinking the space between the crystalline structures
Day and Mankin discovered that the wires not only absorb light at specific wavelengths, they also absorb light from other parts of the spectrum.
Its actually more than a simple additive effect, Day said. As you shrink the spacing down to distances smaller than about 400 nanometers,
What that means is that you could absorb the same amount of infrared light with these nanowires as you could with traditional silicon materials that are 100 times thicker.
if you wanted to use nanowires for photo-detection of green and blue light, youd need two wires,
#Degrading BPA with visible light and a new hybrid nanoparticle photocatalyst Over the course of the last half century, BPA has gone from miracle to menace.
researchers have developed a new hybrid photocatalyst that can break down BPA using visible light. Their findings, published this week in the journal APL Materials("Reduced graphene oxide and Ag wrapped Tio2 photocatalyst for enhanced visible light photocatalysis),
"from AIP Publishing, could eventually be used to treat water supplies and to more safely dispose of BPA
The photocatalytic nanomaterial can be used to treat water using visible light. How the New Catalyst Works Their new material breaks down BPA through photocatalytic oxidation, a process in
which light activates an oxidizing chemical reaction. When light strikes a photocatalyst like titanium dioxide (Tio2) nanoparticles
it takes a great deal of energy to excite electrons from one level to another--and only displays photocatalytic properties under ultraviolet light.
and enhance light absorption over a narrow range of wavelengths. In this case, the silver shifted the wavelength of light necessary to activate the photocatalyst towards the visible light spectrum."
"The inclusion of a noble metal like silver in the ultraviolet-responsive Tio2 has extended significantly the spectrum towards the visible light through localized surface plasmon resonance effects,
"said Pichiah Saravanan, a researcher from University of Malaya who lead the project. Then, they wrapped the Ag/Tio2 nanoparticles in sheets of reduced graphene oxide (RGO), a thin layer of carbon atoms arranged in a honeycomb pattern.
When the researchers mixed the hybrid nanoparticles with BPA solution under an artificial visible light source
suggesting that both modifications played a role in the enhanced catalytic activity under visible light. Eventually, the team hopes to use their findings to help break down BPA and other contaminants in water supplies."
and ultraviolet (UV LIGHT to quickly isolate and extract a variety of contaminants from soil and water.
Nanoparticles that lose their stability upon irradiation with light have been designed to extract endocrine disruptors, pesticides,
Brandl had synthesized previously polymers that could be cleaved apart by exposure to UV LIGHT. But he and Bertrand came to question their suitability for drug delivery,
since UV LIGHT can be damaging to tissue and cells, and doesn penetrate through the skin.
When they learned that UV LIGHT was used to disinfect water in certain treatment plants, they began to ask a different question. e thought
if they are already using UV LIGHT, maybe they could use our particles as well, Brandl says. hen we came up with the idea to use our particles to remove toxic chemicals, pollutants,
because we saw that the particles aggregate once you irradiate them with UV LIGHT. A trap for ater-fearingpollution The researchers synthesized polymers from polyethylene glycol,
But when exposed to UV LIGHT, the stabilizing outer shell of the particles is shed, and now nrichedby the pollutants they form larger aggregates that can then be removed through filtration, sedimentation,
By irradiating the affected area with a pinpoint light beam, ultrasonic waves, and thermal neutrons, which can be administered safely to living organisms,
But first engineers must build a light source that can be turned on and off that rapidly.
Duke university researchers are now one step closer to such a light source. In a new study, a team from the Pratt School of engineering pushed semiconductor quantum dots to emit light at more than 90 billion gigahertz.
These oscillations create their own light, which reacts again with the free electrons. Energy trapped on the surface of the nanocube in this fashion is called a plasmon.
Today, huge amounts of data are sent incredibly fast through fibre optic-cables cables as light pulses. For that purpose they first have to be converted from electrical signals,
In Bell's days it was a simple, very thin mirror that turned sound waves into modulated light.
In order to build the smallest possible modulator they first need to focus a light beam whose intensity they want to modulate into a very small volume.
however, dictate that such a volume cannot be smaller than the wavelength of the light itself.
the light is turned first into so-called surface-plasmon-polaritons. Plasmon-polaritons are a combination of electromagnetic fields
The advantage of this detour is that plasmon-polaritons can be confined in a much smaller space than the light they originated from.
Refractive index changed from the outside In order to control the power of the light that exits the device,
After that, the plasmons are reconverted into light, which is fed into a fibre optic cable for further transmission.
or change how much light is reflected by 40 percent while requiring less power than other"all-optical"semiconductor devices. plasmonic oxide material This rendering depicts a new"plasmonic oxide material"that could make possible devices for optical communications that are at least 10 times faster than conventional
"Being able to modulate the amount of light reflected is necessary for potential industrial applications such as data transmission."
An optical transistor could perform a similar role for light instead of electricity, bringing far faster systems than now possible.
The switching speed of transistors is limited by how fast it takes conventional semiconductors such as silicon to complete this cycle of light to be absorbed,
patterns or elements that enable unprecedented control of light by harnessing clouds of electrons called surface plasmons.
which describes how much light will bend in that particular material and defines how much the speed of light slows down while passing through a material.
#Light switches on a DVD There could be more to DVDS than has been assumed to date. The material comprised of germanium, antimony and tellurium in
which data media store information may also be suitable as an extremely fast light switch for optical communication or data processing.
Crystalline GST reflects visible light. When it is hit by a pulse of infrared light, the optical properties change in less than 100 femtoseconds one femtosecond corresponds to a millionth part of a billionth of a second.
The material then reflects 10 percent less light, while its transparency increases by 40 percent.
As the images of the electron diffraction (grey rings) show, the crystalline structure is maintained here.
In this amorphous state, the material allows 70 percent of a light beam to pass. If it were possible to extract the energy of the infrared laser pulse before the crystal has melted
Since they varied the interval between the two light pulses in the process they were able to,
According to the observations, more than five picoseconds this is a few millionths of a millionth of a second elapse after the exciting light pulse arrives before the crystal starts to melt.
In this way, he and his colleagues want to bring GST into a position where it can act as a light switch for optical data processing as well e
Recent studies have cast a much brighter light on this underrated and extremely necessary vitamin.
In 1873, German physicist Ernst Abbe deduced that conventional optical microscopes cannot distinguish objects that are closer together than about 200 nanometres roughly half the shortest wavelength of visible light.
to better locate the source of the light the molecules emit. These methods can now discern objects that are as close together as about 20nm.
And there an enormous array of other neurological diseases, from autism to multiple sclerosis, that must be reconsidered in light of the presence of something science insisted did not exist u
Karagozler as people controlled lights or computer screens with finger strokes on a blue cloth covering a table in the display area behind him. t is just like normal fabric.
#Octopus has automatic camouflage thanks to its light-sensing skin Octopuses are pretty good at blending in,
which has skin that responds directly to light by producing deep brown spots for camouflage. Desmond Ramirez and Todd Oakley of the University of California at Santa barbara shone light on samples of skin from the octopus and within around 6 seconds,
the camouflaged brown spots appeared. They say this is the first time the skin of cephalopods invertebrates that include octopuses
and react to light by changing body colour. But finding that skin can do the job on its own suggests these creatures might have sensed originally light with their skin before they evolved their complex eyes.
The researchers say their discovery could provide clues as to how light sensing evolved in the animal kingdom l
#Infrared light speeds up healing by turbocharging our cells A near infrared laser beam makes it easier for a nanoscale probe to pass through water (Image:
Shining red light on skin or cells in a dish gives an instant energy boost that could help heal wounds,
the red light seems to alter the physical properties of water, which turbocharges the chemical reactions that provide a cell's energy.
''The effect on cells of near-infrared light, which has a wavelength of 670 nanometres, was reported first 40 years ago.
but we now know that it doesn't absorb light at quite the right frequency.
when surface layers of water are illuminated with the red light, it increases the distance between each water molecule,
the team measured the effect of near-infrared light on thin layers of water by examining the friction on a diamond probe as it pushed through water
"This is the first explanation of how the light might work.""Other research groups are investigating this phenomenon as a way to speed up the healing of skin wounds
whether red light shone into mice's heads using fibre optics can help with Parkinson's disease. A better understanding of how red light affects cells should make it easier to expand its medical uses,
says Sommer.""If we start from an incorrect model then everything is trial and error.""One of the next applications could be in helping couples undergoing IVF because of problems with male fertility.
Gagsteiger is now starting tests of irradiating sperm with the near-infrared light before fertilisation.""We hope this will increase the chance of the sperm finding the eggs,
#Living lasers made by injecting oil droplets into human cells Light fantastic (Image: Matja Humar and Seok Hyun Yun) Individual cells have been turned into tiny lasers. t actually super-easy,
Humar and his colleagues developed three ways to get cells to emit visible light. The first involved injecting each one with a tiny oil droplet,
Shining a light pulse on to the cavity excited the dye atoms into emitting light in a tightly focused beam.
-and using less light than some existing infrared-based alignment procedures-the principles behind eyeselfie could also now be extended outside ophthalmology and into other sectors.
"a simple light pattern seen by the user and produced at their pupil. A novel interactive ray-based approach developed by the team allows images with the same field-of-view to be projected onto the retina simultaneously,
"This is the first demonstration of a class of static light-field patterns in which the perceived image changes with eye relief
"Furthermore, our light-field pattern can be incorporated readily into artificial reality headsets for self-calibration of near eye displays.
Emerging light-field-based near-eye displays could use such patterns for user alignment straight out of the box."
The microscope scans a sheet of light through the sample, making it unnecessary to position the sample
SCAPE yields data equivalent to conventional light-sheet microscopy, but using a single, stationary objective lens;
Conventional light-sheet microscopes use two orthogonal objectives and require that samples be fixed in a position.
"We have made the equivalent of a wire to guide the light, "said professor Volkmar Dierolf."
so that the wire the light can curve and bend as it is transmitted. This gives us the potential of putting different components on different layers of glass."
to prevent light from scattering as it is being transmitted and, second, to transmit and manipulate light signals fast enough to handle increasingly large quantities of data.
Glass, an amorphous material with an inherently disordered atomic structure, cannot meet these challenges, but crystals, with their highly ordered lattice structure, have the requisite optical qualities.
Scientists have been attempting for years to make crystals in glass in order to prevent light signals from being scattered
and for steering light from one place to another as a supermarket scanner does said, "he."
"Ferroelectric crystals can also transform light from one frequency to another. This makes it possible to send light through different channels."
"The research was published in Scientific Reports (doi: 10.1038/srep10391. For more information, visit www1. lehigh. edu. Harsh Environments No Match for New Fiber Sensor Nanofiber Fabrication Boosts Quantum computing Sulfur Copolymers Boost IR Optics
#Graphene Filaments Provide Tunable On-Chip Light source Graphene Filaments Provide Tunable On-Chip Light Sourcenew YORK, June 15,
but the principle of light-emitting filaments may have a new use in displays and optical communications.
Researchers from the U s. and South korea collaborated to develop an on-chip visible light source using filaments made of graphene.
"This new type of broadband light emitter can be integrated into chips and will pave the way towards the realization of atomically thin, flexible and transparent displays,
The ability to create light in small structures on the surface of a microchip is a crucial step towards the development of fully integrated photonic circuits.
but have not yet been able to put the oldest, simplest artificial light source the incandescent light bulb onto a chip.
so that less energy is needed to attain temperatures needed for visible light emission, "said Myung-Ho Bae, a senior researcher at the Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science (KRISS)."
"By measuring the spectrum of the light emitted from the graphene, the team was able to show that graphene was reaching temperatures of above 2500°Celsius,
"The visible light from atomically thin graphene is so intense that it is visible even to the naked eye,
and micrograph, bottom, of bright, visible light emission from suspended graphene. The spectrum of the emitted light showed peaks at specific wavelengths,
which the team discovered was due to interference between the light emitted directly from the graphene
and light reflecting off the silicon substrate and passing back through the graphene.""This is only possible
because graphene is transparent, unlike any conventional filament, and allows us to tune the emission spectrum by changing the distance to the substrate,
For more information, visit engineering. columbia. edu. Corning to Acquire Fiber optics Business from Samsung Camera Powered by the Light It Captures Microscope Takes 3-D Images From Inside Moving Subjects Technique
#Continuously Disinfecting Light Fixtures Commercialized Designed to continuously disinfect the air and surfaces in hospitals,
. the Indigo-Clean fixtures emit high-intensity narrow-spectrum (HINS) visible light at 405 nm, which produces a chemical reaction that kills bacteria from the inside,
A microbial contamination on a contact agar plate with a 405-nm light source in the background.
The lights can be used to inactivate a range of microorganisms that are known causes of hospital-acquired infections,
Continuous indigo light, on the other hand, is lethal to pathogens but safe for use in the presence of patients and staff.
And unlike other light-based disinfection systems it does not require a technician to operate.
#Boron Turns Graphene into Blue light Emitter FRANKFURT, Germany, July 14, 2015 Chemists at Goethe University Frankfurt have developed a new class of organic luminescent materials through the targeted introduction of boron
and scattering the light. In this way the device can determine blood glucose levels in about 30 seconds."
the researchers hope that Virscan can be used to quickly detect the bacteria and fungi to shed more light on the microbiome
Unlike the screen of a cellphone, this display does need not to produce its own light source.
and changes what wavelengths of ambient light are reflected or absorbed by the nanostructure. The team at the University of Central Florida created a 1mm-sized"Afghan Girl"image
and ambient light, said Chanda. ny surface where you want to change the color or the pattern,
interactive holograms comprised of tiny points of light called voxels. Using femtosecond lasers (a femtosecond is a quadrillionth of a second,
which is advanced comparable to special-purpose systems that can factor in depth information with infrared light. Although these special-purpose systems can be very accurate
Systems that use infrared light also have trouble working outside because of the difficult lighting conditions. he fact that you cannot use it outdoors makes it kind of impractical from a robotics standpoint,
and blue light in different proportions, based on the light applied to each segment. The wavelength spans 191 nanometers,
Real color images, under low light, of a single laser beam. So, we have a white laser.
Wireless data transfer using light has already been demonstrated at blistering gigabit speeds using white LED LIGHTS.
because Li-Fi works by reading slight modulations of light, and lasers can be tuned far more finely than LEDS.
White light allows those signals to be transmitted over multiple areas of the color spectrum which is effectively adding more pathways for data to travel.
The ASU team calls their white laser he ultimate form of such a light
#New Sun-Blocking Material Uses Compounds From Algae And Fish Researchers have used compounds found in algae
The sunscreen you buy at your local pharmacy contains ingredients to block two different types of light from the sunv-A,
Mycosporines absorb both types of light, and would be ingested safe if. Researchers have wanted to use mycosporines in sunblock for more than a decade,
#Anti-Radiation Glasses Protect Against Computer Eye Strain Zappi glasses are designed to protect the wearer eyes from the harmful light given off by digital devices such as smartphones, tablets and computers.
Zappi founder and CEO Andy Jones decided to help guard people eyes against the damage of UV and blue light.
All digital devices emit ultraviolet and artificial blue light so using technology at home and at work can take its toll on the eyes.
while blue-violet light reaches further into the retina and can cause the gradual degeneration of retinal cells.
Zappi computer and gaming eyewear guards against these two specific wavelengths by filtering out the artificial blue light and offering UV 400 protection.
which blocks 99.9 percent of harmful rays thanks to a special anti-reflective coating on both sides that filters out the harmful blue light.
instead, relying on kerosene generators, battery-powered lamps or candles for light during the night.
The saline solution in SALT IS significantly safer than other methods of producing light without a power grid.
Then a near infrared light is beamed on the target area which allows a surgeon wearing specialized glasses to see cancer cells glowing."
and shine lights on neurons inside the brain. Neuroscientists have until now been limited to injecting drugs through larger tubes
so that their neurons are lights sensitive, to stimulate the mice's brain cells with miniature LEDS.
The test subjects were made to stay on one side of a cage by remotely making the implant shine pulses of light on the specific cells.
The lights go out, the TV goes black, the computers shut down as their batteries drain. And worst of all-your smartphone dies.
since the early 1800's. Light a candle, fill the device with water, and you have a charger."
When these spirals are shrunk to sizes smaller than the wavelength of visible light, they develop unusual optical properties.
For example, when they are illuminated with infrared laser light, they emit visible blue light. A number of crystals produce this effect, called frequency doubling or harmonic generation, to various degrees.
The strongest frequency doubler previously known is the synthetic crystal beta barium borate but the nano-spirals produce four times more blue light per unit volume.
When infrared laser light strikes the tiny spirals, it is absorbed by electrons in the gold arms.
so that some of them emit blue light at double the frequency of the incoming infrared light. The spirals also have a distinctive response to polarized laser light.
Linearly polarized light, like that produced by a Polaroid filter, vibrates in a single plane.
When struck by such a light beam the amount of blue light the nano-spirals emit varies as the angle of the plane of polarization is rotated through 360 degrees.
The effect is even more dramatic when circularly polarized laser light is used. In circularly polarized light, the polarization plane rotates either clockwise or counterclockwise.
When left-handed nano-spirals are illuminated with clockwise polarized light, the amount of blue light produced is maximized
because the polarization pushes the electrons toward the center of the spiral. Counterclockwise polarized light,
on the other hand, produces a minimal amount of blue light because the polarization tends to push the electrons outward
so that the waves from all around the nano-spiral interfere destructively. he combination of the unique characteristics of their frequency doubling
and response to polarized light provide the nano-spirals with a unique, customizable signature that would be extremely difficult to counterfeit,
Anheuser-busch, for example, probably wants to make sure that every bottle of Bud Light tastes the same before it hits grocery and liquor store coolers.
"With all light, computing can eventually be millions of times faster, "Menon said. Menon and his team figured out how to take current beamsplitters,
they were still able to perform their most important function-splitting guided light beams into the chip two components.
A team of European researchers has announced just that they've set a new record by creating black silicon solar cells that can convert 22.1 percent of the Sun's light into electricity-an increase of almost four percent on their previous record.
thanks to their ability to suck up light even when the Sun was low in the sky."
which helps them absorb the most visible and infrared light possible. Once this light is captured, a quantum reaction occurs that results in the production of electrons.
But because of all those nano-ridges, the electrons tend to recombine with the photovoltaic surface of the black silicon,
Publishing in Nature Nanotechnology, the researchers report that their resulting cells are the most efficient black silicon solar cells to date, capable of turning 22.1 percent of available light into electricity."
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