Photonics & laser colaterale

Diffraction (88)
Electromagnetic radiation (29)
Hologram (134)
Holography (24)
Infrared detector (6)
Light (3352)
Lithography (89)
Spectroscopy (163)
Wavelength (568)

Synopsis: Domenii: Photonics & laser: Photonics & laser colaterale:

and a light comes on you freak out and pull over. You can then load up that scenario, based on the symbols,

It could then tell the driver that, for example, it the low coolant light, and to open the engine compartment to check the level while giving instructions at every step.

In light of this, calls are growing from many on the continent#and even the African Union#for the formation of Afrispace, a pan-African space agency.

To try to shed some light on the matter, the Argonne researchers have turned to a smaller version of the Large hadron collider to see

Injector gadget This process allows the flow of droplets of fuel to be imaged in a way that is not possible with ordinary light or lasers, for example.

Using visible light presents challenges similar to those of using car headlights in fog which consists of droplets of water suspended in the air,

and the light just reflects back into your eyes, "says Powell.""You turn on the high beams to try to make it even brighter,

Visible light can highlight the outline of fuel spray but not any internal detail. X-rays, on the other hand, can pass through the relatively large droplets of fuel

because their wavelength is much shorter than that of visible light. On a much smaller scale, some of the X-rays are absorbed by the atoms that make up the drops,

Certainly, manufacturers have been trying to allay the fears of nervous drivers with blinking battery lights by investing in faster charging stations at more convenient locations.#

The basic concept is to equip drug molecules with chemical components that change shape in response to heat or light.

Organic chemist Ben Feringa at Groningen and his co-workers used an existing light-switchable unit called azobenzene,

If the Z-shaped isomer absorbs ultraviolet light, it will become switch to the C-shaped isomer.

The reverse shape change can be induced by visible light or gentle heating at around body temperature. Feringa and colleagues substituted the azobenzene switch for a similar chemical grouping within several variants of an antibacterial molecule called a quinolone,

Or at least they were after exposure to ultraviolet light made them switch to the C-isomer.

and then turned on with light once they reach the part of the body (the throat or lungs, say) where the harmful bacteria are lurking.

Switching on drugs with ultraviolet light is not ideal in practice because it can have harmful effects.

Feringa says he is now working on developing molecules than can be shifted shape with visible light, or better still infrared,

"It's like trying to see the light from a feeble little LED 10cm away from a stadium floodlight,

they would be receiving light from Earth from today. To them, Armazones would still look intact.

"By far the most powerful combination right now is the combination of transit detections and Doppler spectroscopy,

and do the spectroscopy, #says Macintosh.""And if Tess finds a habitable planet around a very nearby star,

if you could draw energy from almost unlimited sources found in nature#water and light.

Acceleration should be respectable at 0-60mph (0-100kph) in less than 6 seconds#more than enough to beat most cars away from the lights."

The team most important discovery sheds light on what causes the TRN-thalamus-cortex circuit to perform abnormally.

While conventional light-sheet microscopes use two awkwardly positioned objective lenses, Hillman realized that she could use a single-objective lens,

Her job shedding light on her husband's triumph and business. ANN ROMNEY WIFE OF MITT ROMNEY:

Marginprobe utilizes non-destructive radio-frequency spectroscopy technology in the operating room to analyze the outer margins of removed cancerous tissue to detect traces of cancer cells.

Interfaith Power & Light will be using Mosaic Places to build campaigns around places of worship going solar.

and artificial light conditions and even shaded areas. Solarwindow#uses organic materials, which are dissolved into liquid, ideal for low-cost high-output manufacturing.

Solarwindow#also generates electricity from both natural and artificial light sources such as fluorescent light emitting diodes (LED),

and incandescent lights in offices; conventional systems become less efficient under these conditions, and again, may not work at all.

*See-through, with high level of#visible light transmission#;*#*Offers popular color choices while maintaining see-through qualities;*

*Capable of producing power in direct sunlight and shaded or low natural light conditions;**Able to generate significant electricity from both natural and artificial light;*

*Does not require expensive high-temperature or high-vacuum production techniques inherent to conventional solar;**Constructed using organic materials (polymers),

and artificial light conditions and even shaded areas. Solarwindow#uses organic materials, which are dissolved into liquid, ideal for low-cost high-output manufacturing.

A light on the instrument panel indicates when CNG is being used and there is no interruption in the vehicle performance.

The technique called uartz-enhanced photoacoustic absorption spectroscopy (QEPAS invented at Rice university in 2002 by engineer Frank Tittel, Professor Robert Curl,

When light at a specific wavelength is absorbed by the gas of interest localized heating of the molecules leads to a temperature

and pressure increase in the gas. f the incident light intensity is modulated, then the temperature and pressure will be as well,

it emits light of a particular wavelength, which in this case is tuned to match the bandgap of the PV cell mounted nearby.

which found a way to detect asbestos fibres through a new light scattering technique. At the time, the project stalled as it was seen as too costly,

However, products in these sectors such as innovative display solutions and light emitting panels require the integration of different functionalities and demand new mass manufacturing methods and technologies.

Light-Rolls is researching the development of a production platform for the seamless and mass manufacture of these micro-products.

says Light-Rolls project representative David Gonzalez of PRODINTEC. ight-Rolls offers innovative production solutions that produce better

With its micro-product production platform, it is predicted that Light-Rolls will bring high-tech jobs to Europe. chieving success in the project will enable Europe to say ahead of the game in micro-manufacturing.

But modern life demands materials that are also light, ductile and eco-friendly. Now, thanks to two pioneering European union (EU) projects,

More than that it can even be used to produceattractive light diffraction effects taht actuallyenhance the product a real win-win situation.

But the real significance of the regulatory green light, given by the UK's licensing body,

The group from CEA-Leti and III-V lab also demonstrated single wavelength tuneable lasers with a 21 ma threshold at 20o Celsius, a 45 nm tuning range and a side mode suppression ratio larger than 40 db over the tuning range.

'We can overcome this problem by bonding III-V material, necessary for active light sources, onto a silicon wafer and then coprocessing the two,

while at the same time we now can integrate active light sources directly onto silicon.''Commenting on the results, CEA-Leti France Photonics Program Manager,

#Euro-Indo collaboration develops new photodetector Photodetectors that analyse scattered light in the ultraviolet (UV) range of the spectrum are used often in situations where the rapid detection of hazardous biological

which only respond to particular wavelengths. Enter European and Indian scientists, who teamed up to offer the world an innovative solution.

The device is also sensitive to polarised light, which helps to reduce the scattered background radiation.

The detector is used then to extract the optical fingerprint from the scattered light. A large number of photodetectors, with very narrow bandwidths, is necessary so as to simultaneously detect as many different substances as possible.

This requires each device being sensitive to a particular wavelength. The photodetector developed by the international consortium is merely the size of a pin head

using concentrated light as a high-temperature energy source. The project is still at the experimental stage,

The process In a first step concentrated light-simulating sunlight-was used to convert carbon dioxide and water to synthesis gas (syngas) in a high-temperature solar reactor containing metal-oxide based materials developed at ETH Zürich.

Military clearance is required now before the green light is given to export the printer to the United states,

and scared when the lights go down.""Developers admit that the robot may make mistakes, but says Pepper will learn

a protective cover that pulls double duty as a calibration mechanism and a new light indicator on the activation button to let you know a scan is underway. ou don have to be a scientist,

The researchers believe that the protein has these properties because of its extremely compact three-dimensional structure as NMR spectroscopy has shown.

The palm-reading device which uses resonance Raman spectroscopy (RRS) has the potential to help nutritionists

while the light interacts with carotenoids in the skin. Then software on an attached laptop processes the results

##The shoebox-sized prototype diagnostic device known as the single particle interferometric reflectance imaging sensor (SP-IRIS) detects pathogens by shining light from multicolor LED sources on viral nanoparticles bound to the sensor surface by a coating

Interference of light reflected from the surface is modified by the presence of the particles producing a distinct signal that reveals the size and shape of each particle.

These findings shed greater light on how the human immune response is regulated and for dengue how the virus has managed to evade these defenses.

They also sampled surfaces in the house including doorknobs light switches floors and countertops. Then the samples came to Argonne where researchers performed DNA analyses to characterize the different species of microbes in each sample.

Hemoglobinâ##a component of bloodâ###absorbs##more of the green spectrum of light and this subtle change can be detected by the camera s sensor.

Essentially the irregular electrical activity of the heart found in people with atrial fibrillation could be identified by##observing##the pulses of blood flowing through the veins on the face as it absorbed or reflected green light with each heartbeat.

##The results don t necessarily give people the green light to binge on butter. While the low-carb dieters got 41 percent of their calories from fat most were healthy monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fats like olive or canola oil.

The light causes the specially designed nanotubes to fluoresce at wavelengths of 1, 300-1, 400 nanometers;

this range represents a sweet spot for optimal penetration with very little light scattering. The fluorescing nanotubes can then be detected to visualize the blood vesselsstructure.

Furthermore, it does not appear to have any adverse affect on innate brain functions. he NIR-IIA light can pass through intact scalp skin

but they also prevent light from passing through the cells. o, if we need to see individual cells within a large volume of tissue?

The technique is based on Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, which provides information on how molecules vibrate.

or other colors in response to particular wavelengths of light. This is what produces the colorful cellular images that are so common in biology research.

since no fat remains to block the light. But here the hitch. Those probes stop working,

after theye been exposed to too much light. That fine if a scientist is just taking a picture of a small cellular structure

the whole tissue is bathed in light throughout the time it takes to image it point by point.

Because terahertz waves are much smaller in energy than visible light finding materials that absorb and turn them into useful electronic signals has been a challenge Kono says.

Carbon nanotube thin films are extremely good absorbers of electromagnetic light he explains. In the terahertz range the film a mix of metallic

During DOT scans, the subject wears a cap composed of many light sources and sensors connected to cables.

The prototype circulator is 2 centimeters in size#more than 75 times smaller than the wavelength of operation.

The researchers believe that the protein has these properties because of its extremely compact three-dimensional structure as NMR spectroscopy has shown.

The palm-reading device which uses resonance Raman spectroscopy (RRS) has the potential to help nutritionists

while the light interacts with carotenoids in the skin. Then software on an attached laptop processes the results

For instance colloidal dispersions comprise such everyday items as paint milk gelatin glass and porcelain and for advanced engineering such as steering light in photonics.

and estimated the intensity of light in the two resonators and surprisingly found an initial decrease in total intensity of the two resonators followed by an increase

and finally a rebirth of strong light intensity as the loss was increased. he loss added beyond a critical value increased the total light intensity and its distribution between the resonatorssays Bo Peng a graduate student.

so that light can between the fibers and the resonators. Yang says the concept will work in any coupled physical system.

because it s a strongly absorbing material at a wavelength of 1550 nanometers and it gives a good dose of losspeng explains.

or events scientists zapped mice with light to make them forget. he theory is that learning involves processing in the cortex

scientists have twisted light to send data super fast, but new research shows that a similar technique with radio waves can also reach high speeds.

Faster data transmission rates have been led achievedillner himself a team two years ago that twisted light beams to transmit data at a blistering 2. 56 terabits per secondut methods to do so rely on light to carry the data. he advantage

while also being light in weighthe says. The molecule they compressed is benzene a flat ring containing six carbon atoms and six hydrogen atoms.

However many experiments in quantum information make use of just such identically prepared qubits making the technique potentially very useful. his work sheds light on some of the striking differences between information in the classical and quantum worlds.

When two tubes intersect they merge (physicists call this reconnection) causing an explosion that gives off large quantities of heat and electromagnetic radiation.

The affected solar area lights up as a solar flare. The radiation extends across the entire electromagnetic spectrum from radio waves and visible light to X-rays and gamma rays.

Observations suggest that the solar flares size distributions show a certain degree of regularity statistically speaking. vents can be arbitrarily large

Transcription factors known as genetic switches drive gene expression in plants based on external stresses such as light rain soil quality

Even light can be a stressor if you are rooted to one location. mong other things Kay s research explores how these transcription factors affect plants circadian rhythms which set the pace

The standard mechanism for improving efficiency with a third polymer is by increasing the absorption of light in the device.

and the Advanced Light source at Lawrence Berkeley. ithout that it s hard to get insight about the structureyu says. hat benefits us tremendously. his knowledge will serve as a foundation from

Then by shining a light on these modified neurons via a tiny fiber optic cable inserted into the brain researchers can control the activity of the cells as well as their associated behaviors.

With the social neurons the behavior that was elicited depended upon the intensity of the light signal.

That is when high-intensity light was used the mice became aggressive in the presence of an intruder mouse.

When lower-intensity light was used the mice no longer attacked although they were engaged still socially with the intruder#either initiating mating behavior

and for minutes even after the light was turned off. The researchers could also use the light-activated neurons to stop the mice from engaging in particular behaviors.

For example if a lone mouse began spontaneously self-grooming the researchers could halt this behavior through the optogenetic activation of the social neurons.

Once the light was turned off and the activation stopped the mouse would return to its self-grooming behavior.

so that we could create new materials with the same kind of distributed light-sensing and processing abilities that they appear to have in their skinssays Naomi Halas a coauthor of the study published in PNAS

and eventually to combine it with other new technologies that the squid skin team has developed both for sensing light

You can create materials by design. he researchers use a direct laser writing method called two-photon lithography to ritea three-dimensional pattern in a polymer by allowing a laser beam to crosslink

#Detector could vastly improve night-vision goggles Monash University right Original Studyposted by Glynis Smalley-Monash on September 8 2014 Researchers have developed a light detector that could revolutionize chemical-sensing equipment and night-vision technology.

The detector which is interconnected based on the carbon atoms in graphene can sense light over an unusually broad range of wavelengths including terahertz waves between infrared

and microwave radiation where sensitive light detection is most difficult. e have demonstrated light detection from terahertz to near-infrared frequencies a range about 100 times larger than the visible spectrumsays Professor Michael Fuhrer of the School of Physics

The research could lead to a generation of light detectors that could see below the surface of walls

Based on that hypothesis Bob Zheng a graduate student at Rice university set out to design a photonic system that could detect colored light.

Light of a specific wavelength can excite a plasmon and LANP researchers often create devices where plasmons interact sometimes with dramatic effects. ith plasmonic gratings

You get this funneling of light into a concentrated area. The Office of Naval Research the Department of defense s National security Science and Engineering Faculty Fellowship Program and the Robert A. Welch Foundation supported the research.

and Technology Canadian Light source Inc. and University of Tennessee contributed to the study. Principal funding came from by the Global climate and Energy project the Precourt Institute for Energy at Stanford and by the US Department of energy.

The process uses a dozen lasers each with a wavelength controlled to the ninth decimal point. f you wanted to put a picture of something high-tech in the dictionary this is

and his team to absorb specific nonvisible wavelengths of sunlight. e can tune these materials to pick up just the ultraviolet

and the near infrared wavelengths that then glow at another wavelength in the infraredhe says.

and identify out of place-place molecules on its surface using terahertz spectroscopy. They expect the finding to be important to manufacturers considering the use of graphene in electronic devices.

The research team presented this computational light field display on August 12 at the International Conference and Exhibition on Computer graphics and Interactive Techniques or SIGGRAPH in Vancouver Canada.

which light is amplified. When a laser passes through the powder its wavelength is absorbed not fully.

Instead some of the light from the laser scatters and the path length increases because of this multiple scattering#something scientists refer to as the aman effect. his scattered light is emitted then from the powder in a strong diffuse form that is visually similar to a bright LED light.

It#s this extremely bright emission that can be collected from long distances. e get a large amount of energy into the system in a very short amount of time.

Yakovlev and colleagues have been able to increase the scattering efficiency by nine orders of magnitude meaning more light can be detected from greater distances.

For example if you look at a galaxy you expect any explosions to roughly be in line with the underlying light you see from that galaxy

The light causes the specially designed nanotubes to fluoresce at wavelengths of 1300-1400 nanometers;

this range represents a sweet spot for optimal penetration with very little light scattering. The fluorescing nanotubes can then be detected to visualize the blood vessels structure.

Furthermore it does not appear to have any adverse affect on innate brain functions. he NIR-IIA light can pass through intact scalp skin

but they also prevent light from passing through the cells o if we need to see individual cells within a large volume of tissue#within a mouse kidney for example

#Laser device sniffs out tiny traces of explosives University of California Berkeley rightoriginal Studyposted by Sarah Yang-Berkeley on July 24 2014mechanical engineers have found a way to dramatically increase the sensitivity of a light-based plasmon sensor.

The device works by detecting the increased intensity in the light signal that occurs as a result of this interaction. e think that higher electron deficiency of explosives leads to a stronger interaction with the semiconductor sensorsays study co-lead author Sadao

The ability to increase the sensitivity of optical sensors traditionally had been restricted by the diffraction limit a limitation in fundamental physics that forces a tradeoff between how long

and in how small a space the light can be trapped. By coupling electromagnetic waves with surface plasmons the oscillating electrons found at the surface of metals researchers were able to squeeze light into nanosized spaces

but sustaining the confined energy was challenging because light tends to dissipate at a metal s surface.

which work by detecting shifts in the wavelength of light Zhang says. he difference in intensity is similar to going from a light bulb for a table lamp to a laser pointer.

The technique is based on Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, which provides information on how molecules vibrate.

we have lots of great light absorbers and systems that can create charge separation, but it hard to maintain that separation long enough to extract it to do useful work.

But the light has to get there. A new one-step process to etch nanoscale spikes into silicon lets the maximum amount of sunlight reach a solar cell,

but the anti-reflection is limited to a specific range of light, incident angle, and wavelength, says Andrew Barron, professor of chemistry and of materials science and nanoengineering at Rice university.

Enter black silicon so named because it reflects almost no light. Black silicon is simply silicon with a highly textured surface of nanoscale spikes

or pores that are smaller than the wavelength of light. The texture allows the efficient collection of light from any anglerom sunrise to sunset.

Barron and graduate student Yen-Tien Lu, the study lead author, replaced a two-step process that involved metal deposition

This new form of solid stable light-sensitive nanoparticles called colloidal quantum dots could lead to cheaper and more flexible solar cells as well as better gas sensors infrared lasers infrared light emitting diodes and more.

-and p-type layers simultaneously not only boosts the efficiency of light absorption it opens up a world of new optoelectronic devices that capitalize on the best properties of both light and electricity.

#Scientists are first to detect exciton in metals University of Pittsburgh rightoriginal Studyposted by Joe Miksch-Pittsburgh on June 2 2014humans have used reflection of light from a metal mirror on a daily basis for thousands of years

but it also enables reflected light to be a nearly perfect replica of the incoming light.

The ability to detect excitons in metals sheds light on how light is converted to electrical

In other words it may be possible to control how light is reflected from a metal. The paper appears online in Nature Physics.

Guo and colleagues invented a special transducer that makes the light-to-sound conversion possible.

In this case it turns terahertz light into ultrasound waves and then transmits them. The transducer is made of a mixture of a spongy plastic called polydimethylsiloxane,

because it responds to the energy of individual terahertz light pulses, rather than a continuous stream of T-rays.

or a home where the dry wall and siding store the electricity that runs the lights

The technique called uartz-enhanced photoacoustic absorption spectroscopy (QEPAS invented at Rice university in 2002 by engineer Frank Tittel, Professor Robert Curl,

When light at a specific wavelength is absorbed by the gas of interest localized heating of the molecules leads to a temperature

and pressure increase in the gas. f the incident light intensity is modulated, then the temperature and pressure will be as well,

Kreidberg Bean and their colleagues used Hubble to precisely measure the spectrum of GJ 1214b in near-infrared light finding what they consider definitive evidence of high clouds blanketing the planet.

The nanoparticle is fluorescent in visible light and the nanotubes are fluorescent in the near-infrared.

or the first time we predicted their properties using quantum mechanics. he nanocrystals are about 3 nanometers wide by 500 nanometers longor about 1/1000th the width of a grain of sandmaking them too small to study with light microscopes

light in the universe may help reveal secrets about the earliest moments in its formation.

when the trajectory of light is bent by massive objects much like a lens focuses light.

Measurements of this ancient light have given already physicists a wealth of knowledge about the properties of the universe.

Tiny variations in temperature of the light have been mapped painstakingly across the sky by multiple experiments

Light is polarized when its electromagnetic waves are oriented preferentially in a particular direction. Light from the cosmic microwave background is polarized mainly due to the scattering of photons off of electrons in the early universe through the same process by

which light is polarized as it reflects off the surface of a lake or the hood of a car.

As molecules spin in space they emit light of very specific wavelengths or colors called mission lines. he precise wavelength is dictated by the composition and structure of the molecule.

Studying the emission lines observed by the SPIRE instrument allows astronomers to study the chemistry of outer space.

Comparing the spectra of light reflected from the peaks of those later craters may yield clues to the composition of the Moon'#lower crust

Using Moon Mineralogy Mapper data the researchers looked at the light reflected from each of the four central peaks.

The spectra of reflected light give scientists clues about the makeup of the rocks The spectra showed substantial differences in composition from peak to peak.

< Back - Next >

Overtext Web Module V3.0 Alpha
Copyright Semantic-Knowledge, 1994-2011