In that case, both the plastic and the oil-based sauce are hydrophobic and interact together.
and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, carcinogenic compounds formed from incomplete combustion of fuels, from contaminated soil. The process is irreversible
While this can be achieved through biological conversion (using bacteria to convert the nitrate to nitrogen gas),
and represents a clean and ultimate replacement for fossil fuels in the future. Over the past decades enormous efforts have been invested in developing efficient
which are competitive to the fossil fuel. Organic photovoltaic (OPV) has been regarded as one of the promising candidates for large-scale low-cost and efficient solar energy harvesting.
The team's discovery comes after nearly a century of failed attempts by other labs to compress separate carbon-containing molecules like liquid benzene into an ordered diamond-like nanomaterial.
We used the large high-pressure Paris-Edinburgh device at Oak ridge National Laboratory to compress a 6-millimeter-wide amount of benzene a gigantic amount compared with previous experiments said Malcolm Guthrie of the Carnegie Institution for Science
The molecule they compressed is benzene a flat ring containing six carbon atoms and six hydrogen atoms.
During the compression process the scientists report the flat benzene molecules stack together bend and break apart.
That the atoms of the benzene molecules link themselves together at room temperature to make a thread is shocking to chemists and physicists.
when the benzene molecule breaks under very high pressure its atoms want to grab onto something else
This benzene then becomes highly reactive so that when we release the pressure very slowly an orderly polymerization reaction happens that forms the diamond-core nanothread.
Our discovery that we can use the natural alignment of the benzene molecules to guide the formation of this new diamond nanothread material is really interesting
and light materials especially those that could help to protect the atmosphere including lighter more fuel efficient
#Toward a low-cost'artificial leaf'that produces clean hydrogen fuel For years scientists have been pursuing artificial leaf technology a green approach to making hydrogen fuel that copies plants'ability to convert sunlight into a form of energy they can use.
Automakers have started introducing hydrogen fuel cell vehicles which only emit water when driven. But making hydrogen which mostly comes from natural gas requires electricity from conventional carbon dioxide-emitting power plants.
Producing hydrogen at low cost from water using the clean energy from the sun would make this form of energy
and exposed to sunlight produces hydrogen gas. The scientists say that the technique could allow their technology to be scaled up at low cost.
Nanoporous carbon materials can also adsorb gas pollutants work as environmental filters or be used in water treatment.
We also came up with nanostructured cleaning fluids such as oil-in-water microemulsions for the removal of dirt and unwanted coatings on works of art.
#Protons fuel graphene prospects Graphene impermeable to all gases and liquids can easily allow protons to pass through it,
Fuel cells use oxygen and hydrogen as a fuel and convert the input chemical energy directly into electricity.
One of the major problems is a fuel crossover through the existing proton membranes which reduces their efficiency and durability.
or monolayer boron nitride can allow the existing membranes to become thinner and more efficient with less fuel crossover and poisoning.
You put a hydrogen-containing gas on one side apply small electric current and collect pure hydrogen on the other side.
This excess oxygen leached at faster and faster rates over time actually contributes to the risk of failure and acts as fuel for a potential fire.
"The first tests conducted with Biogàsplus demonstrated that product increases up to 200%the production of this combustible gas.
This year Biogàsplus was one of the finalists in the third edition of the Repsol Entrepreneurs Fund."
and we decided to send the proposal to the Repsol Foundation, so they could help us further develop the product
This progress has important applications in sectors such as chemical, petrochemical and energy, thus becoming a useful technology in all industrial applications using heat transfer systems such as solar power plants, nuclear power plants, combined-cycle power plants and heating, among other.
The most widely used thermal fluids are water, ethylene glycol, thermal oils and molten salts. One characteristic that is common to all of them, according to Juliá, is"their low thermal conductivity,
the nanofluid developed is based on a heat transfer oil (diphenyl/diphenyl oxide) that is widely used in industry,
and then MWCNT@S and VACNTS were assembled into macro-CNT-S films via the dispersion in ethanol followed by vacuum filtration",Zhe Yuan,
'Suppose you fill the vesicle with fuel and medicines then you could transport the vesicle by creating a small opening
and only allow the fuel to get out. Then you could unload the remaining cargo at the destination.'
#Researchers uncover properties in nanocomposite oxide ceramics for reactor fuel Nanocomposite oxide ceramics have potential uses as ferroelectrics fast ion conductors
and nuclear fuels and for storing nuclear waste generating a great deal of scientific interest on the structure properties and applications of these blended materials.
In the context of nuclear energy composites have been proposed for the fuel itself as a way for example to improve the basic properties of the material such as the thermal conductivity.
It is the thermal conductivity that dictates how efficiently energy can be extracted from the fuel. Composites have also been created to store the by-products of the nuclear energy cycle nuclear waste where the different components of the composite can each store a different part of the waste.
Reactor fuel behavior better understood with phonon insights More information: The research is described in a paper out this week in Nature Communications Termination chemistry-driven dislocation structure at Srtio3/Mgo heterointerfaces s
boilers or gas dispensers, said López Cuellar. Manufacturing methods of the alloys are very specific,
The commercial separation process uses natural gas to react with superheated steam to strip away hydrogen atoms producing hydrogen fuel
is proof that hydrogen can be produced without burning fossil fuels. The scale is small, a little smaller than the diameter of spider silk.
Scaling this research up in the future may mean that you could replace the gas in your cars and generators with hydrogen greener option,
because burning hydrogen fuel emits only water vapor.""Many researchers are looking to inorganic materials for new sources of energy,
Her team's discovery may provide future consumers a biologically-inspired alternative to gasoline.""These are the types of discoveries we can make at Argonne,
we were able to demonstrate an energy-rich biologically-inspired alternative to gas.""This research,"Photoinduced Electron Transfer pathways in Hydrogen-Evolving Reduced graphene oxide-Boosted Hybrid Nano-Bio Catalyst,
a laboratory usually devoted to studying fuel cellshe kind that run on methane or hydrogened by Shriram Ramanathan, Associate professor of Materials science at the Harvard School of engineering and Applied sciences (SEAS.
But pentacene made of five benzene molecules joined in a line breaks down under normal environmental conditions.
The study Real-time imaging and local elemental analysis of nanostructures in liquids was published in the journal Chemical Communications with researchers from the University of Manchester and BP.
652 F). Hydrogen gas was passed then through the chamber and the evaporated atoms from one of the materials were carried toward a cooler region of the tube
This represents a strong limitation for flexible electronics in a wide range of applications from active matrix displays to ultrafast light detectors and gas sensors.
#Simple inexpensive fabrication procedure boosts light-capturing capabilities of tiny holes carved into silicon wafers Increasing the cost-effectiveness of photovoltaic devices is critical to making these renewable energy sources competitive with traditional fossil fuels.
It manufactures the material by blowing out gas called the source gas onto the board.
where they focused on the oil wetting property. From this they developed self-cleaning surfaces under water with inspiration coming from fish skin.
"In a liquid and gas, it's mobile and people understand that, but in a solid we don't expect this behavior.
This new form of solid stable light-sensitive nanoparticles called colloidal quantum dots could lead to cheaper and more flexible solar cells as well as better gas sensors infrared lasers infrared light emitting diodes and more.
#New method stabilizes common semiconductors for solar fuels generation Researchers around the world are trying to develop solar-driven generators that can split water yielding hydrogen gas that could be used as clean fuel.
In the type of integrated solar fuel generator that JCAP is striving to produce two half-reactions must take placene involving the oxidation of water to produce oxygen gas;
the other involving the reduction of water yielding hydrogen gas. Each half-reaction requires both a light-absorbing material to serve as the photoelectrode
"said Walter."Work with these enzymes could lead to future applications in green energy production such as fuel cells using biomaterials for fuel."
but by the sum of multiple weaker forces the attraction of positive and negative charges and the tendency of nonpolar (oil-like) substances to seek each other
Synthetic natural gas from excess electricity More information: In situ Imaging of Silicalite-1 Surface Growth Reveals the Mechanism of Crystallization Science 2014
By comparison the space shuttle which required an external fuel tank and two rocket boosters took about two months to turn around (due to damage incurred during launch and splashdown) and cost $100 million.
They can haul more cargo and more fuel than single-stage craft. Rockets also offer reliability on average only one out of 20 launches fail in part
or so of fuel to get it there says NASA's Dumbacher. The challenge with the SSTO has always been to get the craft as light as possible
and hold enough hydrogen fuel to carry itself and about 16.5 tons of payload about the same capacity as most operational rockets into orbit.
Later on sky cities wafting through the Venusian atmosphere (oxygen is a lifting gas on that planet so technically a simple Nitrogen/Oxygen atmosphere
So basically a Ram Air (Oxygen) induction that is super cooled used to ignite/burn rocket/hydrogen fuel.
Secondary fuel source that doesn't require oxygen? Maybe just takeoff requires Ram and not return?
so particles of mud soot oil or wine stick right where they land. Over the next couple of months Ultratech a Florida-based company will roll out Ultra-Ever Dry a coating that repels most muck.
Super Sedan First Drivehow To Change Your Car's Oil: 7 Simple Step p
#Sewer Sensors Detect Homemade Bombs As They're Being made Could the secret to finding illicit explosives labs before they harm anyone be hiding in a city's poop?
while different sensors above the ground monitor for elevated amounts of gas byproducts of the bomb-making process in the area.
Some drugs are entirely fakenake oil, sawdust, chalk. But others, particularly those in developing countries, might contain an ineffective amount of medicine or release the right amount in the wrong way;
Plus they could use it as practice/tests for going to mars. It's about time the space faring governments of the world start building an infrastructure on the lunar surface that will support long term duration stays ship yards fuel generation and processing navigation stations for terrestrial navigation
The Rockefeller Brothers Fund announced that it is dropping all of its investments in fossil fuels-about $60. 2 million or 7 percent of the total $860 million endowment in favor of renewable energy.
While the greenbacks involved are a relatively small amount compared to the trillions invested in global oil coal
and natural gas the symbolic splash is huge: Heirs to a major oil fortune are pulling their money out of the industry.
The move will likely put wind under the wings of the fledging international fossil fuel divestment movement
which has been targeted largely at universities and cities so far. On September 23 several dozen heads of state including President Barack Obama came to the United nations for a one-day climate summit.
-or no-carbon economic development projects such as expanding their energy generation capacity with renewables like sun and wind instead of fossil fuels.
74 Fuel economy: n/a Price: n/a Range: 53 miles Charge time: 3. 5 hours from a 220-volt outlet Top Speed:
which is fed by a combination of coal, natural gas, nuclear power plants and other sources. Sainsbury's will even sell any excess electricity it makes back to the grid.
during the last step, bacteria produce primarily carbon dioxide and methane gas. The Biffa plant separates the methane from the carbon dioxide,
then uses the resulting biomethane just like natural gas mined from the ground to produce electricity.
A 1. 5-kilometer-long cable carries the electricity back to the Cannock Sainsbury's store.
fossil fuel-produced carbon dioxide is considered different because that CO2 would have stayed in the ground, had a human not dug it up
Even hours later fires caused by kerosene and solid propellant were still burning. Unlike Spacex which is almost completely vertically integrated Orbital outsources most of its components and focuses on system integration and design.
The robot fish is able to swish from side to side as onboard gas inflates
Cargo ships which transport everything from bananas coffee grain coal heavy equipment chemicals oil and gas are the backbone of intercontinental trade
and the shipping industry represents an annual estimated average of more than#300bn worldwide. According to the International Shipping#Facts and Figures report published by the International Maritime Organisation there were 103 392 commercial ships in service by January 2011.
oil and its derivatives for example can double in value within weeks in the event of a oil crisis).
the other will conduct commercial environmental monitoring in the Arctic circle assist emergency response teams in oil spill monitoring
Jordan Minister of Planning and International Cooperation. ee one of the few countries in the middle East that doesn have oil.
We also lost our gas supply (from Egypt) for electricity. Jordan government had to replace gas with diesel at five times the cost.
Facing that crisis kicked the country into high gear. he government went straight into a macroeconomic stability program
We removed all subsidies on fuel products, offered incentives for hybrids and encouraged an aggressive diversifying approach.
Surprisingly, the researchers at MIT and Eni, the Italian energy company, achieved this new approach to solar energy not with high-tech materials
and 14 collaborators at MIT, Eni, and Italian universities. Lloyd, a professor of mechanical engineering, explains that in photosynthesis,
The project started at a workshop held at Eni laboratories in Novara, Italy. Lloyd and Belcher, a professor of biological engineering, were reporting on different projects they had worked on,
along with Eni researchers, the possibility of a project encompassing their very different expertise. Lloyd, whose work is pointed mostly theoretical
The current prototype is quieter than a neighbor mowing the lawn with a gas-powered motor."
The research team says it confirmed a black hole in the galaxy's center by measuring the speed of the gas swirling around it.
The Mars Curiosity rover, for instance, has detected methane on the surface of Mars, as well as other chemical signatures suggesting the possibility of past or present life.
and establish guidelines to accept electricity first from the most efficient and lowest-polluting fossil fuel generators,
and reused for future applications. f the micromotors can use the environment as fuel, they will be more scalable, environmentally friendly and less expensive, Kevin Kaufmann,
it would be easier to compete with fossil fuels. In CAES, the surplus energy from solar and wind installations to compress air into the caverns
Instead, they used gas to push the chemical components together. It worked! The result was a transparent glass nearly as strong as steel
#A new look at superfluidity MIT physicists have created a superfluid gas, the so-called Bose-Einstein condensate, for the first time in an extremely high magnetic field.
Within this magnetic field, the researchers could keep a gas superfluid for a tenth of a second just long enough for the team to observe it.
the researchers were able to keep the superfluid gas stable for a tenth of a second.
either through a mechanical plunger or compressed gas to produce a more uniform flow, and thus a more uniform width to the extruded filament of glass.
while the natural gas, solar and wind industries together created nearly four times that amount, according to a new Duke university study.
as well as operations and maintenance jobs in resource extraction and fuel transportation. Data for solar and wind generator operations and maintenance jobs were provided by the industries themselves.
and natural gas industries were derived using a model that analyzed year-to-year economic activity and energy production occurring within each sector of the two industries to estimate gains or losses in employment that supported electricity generation.
Currently, ceramic composites consisting of ionic and electronic conductive components like those in this study are under consideration for membrane separation devices that provide oxygen for enhanced conversion of coal and natural gas
as well as for membrane reactors used in natural gas conversion and recovery y
#Go greener: Norway to clean up sovereign wealth fund Norway said Friday it would bar its state pension fund, the world's biggest sovereign wealth fund,
fuelled by Norway's state oil revenuesivest all of its holdings in companies linked to fossil fuels.
which are simpler in design, quieter and more environmentally friendly than conventional compressed-gas systems currently used."
This"solid state"cooling process is significantly more energy efficient than the conventional, compressed gas systems currently on the market today."
and air conditioning that can reduce the use of harmful gas fluorocarbons.""We are excited about the potential applications that are available for Dr. Stadler's technology,
argon gas is introduced. In the presence of a large voltage the argon becomes ionized and vaporizes the metals through sputtering.
Creating the alloy particles in the gas phase provides a host of benefits. The conventional solution-based approach often results in clumps of the different metals
Furthermore, the kinetically limited gas-phase approach also enables the deposition of intermediate species that would react away in solution."
One such instrument is the gas chromatography system used in a number of scientific, medical,
has used a National Science Foundation award to develop a credit-card-sized gas chromatography platform that can analyze volatile compounds within seconds."
He explained that the research community has pursued more actively"the hybrid integrated approach"for the development of micro gas chromatography system
"The manual assembly of the individual components is really a cumbersome job and increases the overall weight and footprint of the micro gas chromatography system.
the hybrid integrated approach is inconsistent with the purpose of micro gas chromatography research since further improvement in terms of size, cost,
and performance can be achieved by the single chip or monolithic integration of micro gas chromatography components"he added.
and Dr. Hamza Shakeel (Rawalpindi, Pakistan), developed a unique gas chromatography-on-chip module.""The experimental results are really encouraging
"The gas chromatography on-a-chip provides highly efficient separations and detection, reduced analysis times using temperature and flow programming,
as well as fast detection response times suitable for high-speed gas chromatography.""The system's reliability was also impressive.
#Oil spill leaves half million Mexicans without water The city of Villahermosa in Tabasco state closed schools on Wednesday to protect the health of students following the incident.
Thieves tapped an oil pipeline operated by state-run energy firm Pemex on Sunday, causing a spill that affected local rivers
because cleanup crews must remove more oil near the plants. The Tabasco state government urged residents to ration water
Stealing oil has become a lucrative activity among drug cartels, forcing Pemex to stop shipping finished fuel through its pipelines after discovering 3, 674 illegal taps last year.
The thefts have caused other environmental disasters in the past and a deadly explosion in December 2010, when an illegal tap caused a blast that killed 29 people in the central town of San martin Texmelucan.
Oil thieves cause pipeline leak, pollute Mexico rive e
#Error-correction strategy allows precise measurement of transcriptome in single cells The approach, called multiplexed error-robust fluorescence in situ hybridization (MERFISH),
#Edible Oil Producers Fight Battle Against Cheap Palm oil Imports Dewas: Rajesh Agrawal had built two large oilseed crushing mills in central India,
betting on rising local consumption of edible oils. But now after 30 years of soaring demand and good business, his main mill is shut
undermining Prime minister Narendra Modi's efforts to make the country self-sufficient in edible oils, overseas purchases
of which exceed $10 billion per year-India's third-highest such spend after oil and gold."
At the current price level other oils can't compete with palm oil, "said Nitesh Shahra, president of the refinery division of Ruchi Soya, the country's biggest edible oil refiner."
"Already our import dependency has gone up from 30 per cent to nearly 70 per cent in the last few years.
In the past 20 years, India's edible oil output has risen only about a third whereas imports have surged twelve times to 14.4 million tonnes to keep pace with growing consumption,
"Our oilseed and edible oil production will not rise unless we restrict cheaper imports.""Government Push For Oilseeds The finance ministry is looking into requests for a hike in import duties on crude edible oils to 25 per cent from 7. 5 per cent,
and to 45 per cent on the refined variety from 15 per cent, government sources said.
"We can't sell edible oils at higher prices due to cheaper imports and oilseed farmers are not ready to accept lower prices,
#MIT Physicists Create a Superfluid in a Record-High Magnetic field Physicists from MIT have created a superfluid gas, the so-called Bose-Einstein condensate, for the first time in an extremely high magnetic field.
Within this magnetic field, the researchers could keep a gas superfluid for a tenth of a second just long enough for the team to observe it.
In the end, the researchers were able to keep the superfluid gas stable for a tenth of a second.
affiliated with the Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Center for Artificial Low Dimensional Electronic systems (CALDES), reported a tunable band gap in BP,
Like graphene, BP is a semiconductor and also cheap to mass produce. The one big difference between the two is BP natural band gap
allowing the material to switch its electrical current on and off. The research team tested on few layers of BP called phosphorene
which is an allotrope of phosphorus. Keun Su Kim, an amiable professor stationed at POSTECH speaks in rapid bursts when detailing the experiment,
therefore we tuned BP band gap to resemble the natural state of graphene, a unique state of matter that is different from conventional semiconductors. he potential for this new improved form of black phosphorus is beyond anything the Korean team hoped for,
the whole accretion disk made of surrounding hot gas would glow in ultraviolet rays. Instead, the ultraviolet glow of the dusty disk abruptly drops off toward the center.
The infalling gas fuels the black holesngine triggering outflows and gas turbulence that incites a firestorm of star birth.
The binary black holes are predicted to spiral together and collide within a few hundred thousand years. Mrk 231 is located 600 million light-years away.
either through a mechanical plunger or compressed gas to produce a more uniform flow, and thus a more uniform width to the extruded filament of glass.
but the lure of fewer accidents, reduced fuel costs not to mention less human error have generated excitement in the trucking industry as well as the transportation safety sector.
The savings in fuel costs would come from the truck's ability to accelerate and decelerate more gradually than humans normally do.
These findings could one day lead to super-dense low-power circuits as well as ultra-sensitive biosensors and gas sensors, the investigators added.
and ultra-sensitive and low-power biosensors and gas sensors to enhance the Internet of things. However, Banerjee cautions that TFETS are designed not for speed
To meet the demand for food, fuel and fiber from a growing and increasingly affluent population,
software, and cloud system lets enterprises customize drones to check on gas pipelines, survey farm land, inspect cell towers, patrol property,
Industrial applications in everything from medical and pharma to oil and gas are huge s
as well as spikes of methane. It has also roved into an ancient streambed where liquid once flowed,
as well as producing'electrolyte fuels'that might be used to power future electric vehicles, "said Mingzhe Yu, lead author of the paper and a doctoral student at Ohio State.
as well as producing'electrolyte fuels'that might be used to power future electric vehicles, "said Mingzhe Yu, lead author of the paper and a doctoral student at Ohio State.
They're made from a carbon seed placed in a microwave chamber with methane or another carbon-containing gas and superheated into a glowing plasma ball.
That creates particles that crystallize into diamonds, a process that can take 10 weeks. The technology has progressed to the point that experts need a machine to tell synthesized gems apart from those extracted from mines or rivers.
Transport minister Andrew Jones says advanced biofuels have the potential to save at least 60%of the greenhouse gas emissions from equivalent fossil fuel.
A bacterial fermentation process known as Acetone-butanol-ethanol (ABE) produces acetone, n-Butanol, and ethanol from starch.
ABE fermentation was developed first in the UK a century ago, but died out in competition with the petrochemical industry.
Biobutanol is recognized now as an advanced biofuel a direct replacement for petrol. The biofuel is produced from draff the sugar rich kernels of barley soaked in water to facilitate the fermentation process necessary for whisky production and pot ale,
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