Transport minister Andrew Jones says advanced biofuels have the potential to save at least 60%of the greenhouse gas emissions from equivalent fossil fuel.
A bacterial fermentation process known as Acetone-butanol-ethanol (ABE) produces acetone, n-Butanol, and ethanol from starch.
ABE fermentation was developed first in the UK a century ago, but died out in competition with the petrochemical industry.
Biobutanol is recognized now as an advanced biofuel a direct replacement for petrol. The biofuel is produced from draff the sugar rich kernels of barley soaked in water to facilitate the fermentation process necessary for whisky production and pot ale,
#Artificial'plants'could fuel future cars Scientists have taken a big step towards creating artificial'plants'that can use only sunlight to make gasoline
and natural gas to run future cars without polluting the environment. A research team has created an artificial leaf that produces methane,
the primary component of natural gas, using a combination of semiconducting nanowires and bacteria. The research builds on a similar hybrid system that yielded butanol, a component in gasoline,
and a variety of biochemical building blocks. It is a major advance towards synthetic photosynthesis, a type of solar power based on the ability of plants to transform sunlight,
carbon dioxide and water into sugars. Instead of sugars, however, synthetic photosynthesis seeks to produce liquid fuels that can be stored for months
or years and distributed through existing energy infrastructure. In a roundtable discussion on his recent breakthroughs and the future of synthetic photosynthesis, Peidong Yang, a professor at the University of California, Berkeley said his hybrid inorganic/biological systems give researchers new tools
"Burning fossil fuels is putting carbon dioxide into the atmosphere much faster than natural photosynthesis can take it out.
a finding that will fuel speculation that life, if it ever arose there, could persist to now."
and bioplastics (derived from renewable biomass sources such as corn or biogas methane). As part of a"cradle-to-cradle"approach, the researchers will explore the fate of these materials
and bioplastics (derived from renewable biomass sources such as corn or biogas methane). As part of a"cradle-to-cradle"approach, the researchers will explore the fate of these materials
promising to help us reduce our deadly carbon footprints and reliance on nonrenewable fuels, the reality is that most electric cars can only drive short distancesnywhere from 25-312 milesefore they need to be recharged.
The team took advantage of 3d printing instant feedback and rapid prototyping to experiment with new shapes, printing speeds, battery technologies, cleaner burning fuels,
said Scott Curan of ORNL Fuels, Engines and Emissions department. Their ongoing philosophy during the construction phase?
The ecological devastation from major oil spills can last for years, killing marine life and destroying the quality of one of our most precious resources,
The team began development on the material four years ago for applications such as cleaning up oil spills
equipped with a natural gas-powered generator, generates that power. This energy is passed from home to car or vice versa through a bidirectional wireless power transfer system, a pad besides the structure over which the PUV parks.
Most of the existing uses for old tyres involve making low value secondary products such as asphalt, aggregate for cement, artificial reefs, footwear, plastic and rubber composites,
is a significant step toward the substitution of fossil fuels with solar hydrogen. The demand for hydrogen as a clean fuel for vehicles and other applications is expected to increase.
Unfortunately it is produced currently from fossil fuel. Conventional approaches to hydrogen production using solar-powered photocatalysts have achieved a solar-to-hydrogen energy conversion efficiency of less than ten percent,
requiring improvements for real-world applications. A team of researchers led by Associate professor Masakazu Sugiyama and Project Professor Katsushi Fujii from The University of Tokyo and Associate professor Kensuke Nishioka from Miyazaki University have doubled now more than the solar conversion efficiency to 24.4 percent.
They used concentrator photovoltaic (CPV) modules, which includes a photovoltaic cell using a high-quality semiconductor crystal similar to the ones for lasers
The researchers also reduced energy loss by improving the connection between the CPV modules and electrolyzers, resulting in a solar-to-hydrogen energy conversion efficiency above 24 percent t
#N1 Technologies Seeks Patent for Non-Petroleum Nano Organic Motor oil The directors and management of N1 Technologies Inc. have filed a patent for a bio-based non-petroleum motor oil.
The company has taken renewable plant oils and added Tungsten and Carbon nanotubes to the oil blend.
The result is a"Green"motor oil that performs in many ways better than standard petroleum motor oil."
"Tests conducted on older high mileage vehicles have yielded tremendous results, one 200,000 mile engine still runs like new,"states N1 Technologies CEO Steve Lovern.
The nanotechnology engineered into the organic oil blend is the key to its ability to transfer heat,
"A biodegradable motor oil that can go toe to toe with the best petroleum motor oil is the Holy grail
and various highly viscous all natural plant oils to form Nanosave N1-Organic. Plans are in the works to seek a Green Seal Certificate in the near future.
It has proven to be one of the best selling oil products in the Nanosave N1 lineup. http://www. amazon com/nanosave Video Link:
flow-gating mechanisms have also proved very useful for many practical applications designed by humans, such as gas and liquid separations, dialysis,
or extract materials is valuable for uses such as separating components of oil, gas and wastewater,
for example, prove especially valuable for crude oil transport, in which fuel lines frequently become clogged, leading to high costs and risk of gas accidentally escaping into the environment.
Additionally, the tunable pressurization and antifouling properties could result in more than 50-percent energy savings compared to current methods."
"Basic fluid mechanics dictate the precise extraction and output of a wide variety of liquid and gas mixtures according to easily-calculated pressure adjustments."
and may also serve as storage systems of this gas. It is a novel technology since it uses graphene for the first time as a support of organometallic compounds.
#Nanoscientists Convert Sunlight into Liquid fuel Using Nature and Technology Imagine creating artificial plants that make gasoline
and natural gas using only sunlight. And imagine using those fuels to heat our homes or run our cars without adding any greenhouse gases to the atmosphere.
By combining nanoscience and biology, researchers led by scientists at University of California, Berkeley, have taken a big step in that direction.
Peidong Yang, a professor of chemistry at Berkeley and co-director of the school's Kavli Energy Nanosciences Institute, leads a team that has created an artificial leaf that produces methane
the primary component of natural gas, using a combination of semiconducting nanowires and bacteria. The research, detailed in the online edition of Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences in August, builds on a similar hybrid system, also recently devised by Yang and his colleagues,
that yielded butanol, a component in gasoline, and a variety of biochemical building blocks. The research is a major advance toward synthetic photosynthesis,
a type of solar power based on the ability of plants to transform sunlight, carbon dioxide and water into sugars.
however, synthetic photosynthesis seeks to produce liquid fuels that can be stored for months or years and distributed through existing energy infrastructure.
"Burning fossil fuels is putting carbon dioxide into the atmosphere much faster than natural photosynthesis can take it out.
an inert material obtained by the incomplete combustion of certain petroleum products. Prior to the team's research, the quantity and dimensions of the carbon black nanoparticles weren't considered particularly crucial to a battery's function."
which blocks fire's access to its fuel source--the polymer. The synergistic combination of both these processes makes polydopamine an attractive and powerful flame retardant.
#Archaeal Gas Vesicle Nanoparticles Hold Potential to Develop Powerful Malaria Vaccine In a recent breakthrough to combat malaria,
Shiladitya Dassarma's laboratory at the University of Maryland School of medicine, Baltimore, USA, who has developed Archaeal gas vesicle nanoparticles (GVNPS.
Globally, several clean energy policies and regulations have been implemented over the past decade to reduce the consumption of higher carbon fossil fuels.
There is a growing adoption of tank level monitoring system in various sectors, such as oil & fuel
In 2014, the oil & fuel application was the largest segment of the global tank level monitoring application market,
bacteria could be reprogrammed to convert readily available sources of natural energy into pharmaceuticals, plastics and fuel products."
oil and gas pipelines and nuclear plants has been developed by researchers at the University of Strathclyde with inspiration from the natural world.
If there are defects in a nuclear plant or an oil pipeline, we would be able to detect cracks that have a range of sizes
such as gas chromatography or mass spectroscopy. hese are good ways to detect smell molecules, but they require a large amount of work before the sample is even ready to test,
Fuel factor Johan Steelant, a senior research engineer at the European space agency (Esa) and coordinator of Lapcat-II,
Fuel choice is important, especially as one consideration for any future hypersonic fleet will be to try to keep its emissions as low as possible.
This is why hydrogen was chosen, rather than a fuel based on hydrocarbons. What more, liquid hydrogen fuel is not highly combustible mid-flight.
Although hydrogen can be ignited, the risks of an explosion or fire are lower compared to conventional airline kerosene fuel.
Nasa used the same stuff to power the Space shuttle. f there is leak, the hydrogen is
hence there won't be a pool of hydrogen on the ground as is the case for kerosene.
Hydrogen, like kerosene, needs an igniter or a heat source to initiate combustion so it doesn't ignite spontaneously,
which simulates speeds up to Mach 1. 8. Hytex uses liquid hydrogen both as a fuel
The fuel consumption is one-fifth that of rocket engines, says Hideyuki Taguchi, leader of Jaxa hypersonic airplane research.
If the hydrogen can be sourced from natural gas, instead of from the electrolysis of water, the airfare tickets of a hypersonic trip could drop to about half the price of a business-class ticket.
An alternative fuel could be liquefied natural gas such as super-cold liquid methane; when stored as a liquid it needs far less space than gas. f a market for small business jets existed,
While the design consumes two times more fuel per second than a Mach 4 plane, it gets to the destination in roughly half the time so the fuel consumed overall during the trip is roughly the same.
A question of heat Dealing with heat will be a real concern. Anything travelling at Mach 5
we have lower fuel consumption and smaller tanks, which makes the vehicle again smaller, Steelant says.
Precisely because there will be a shortfall in electricity generation as a result of existing nuclear-and coal and gas-power stations shutting down.
In theory, it could simply increase power generation from traditional fossil fuels such as coal and gas, but stringent, legally-binding carbon dioxide emissions targets mean this is not possible.
There is some room for an increase in gas-generated power but as we import most of this gas,
the government has concerns about energy security-it wants us to generate our own power, not rely on others for it.
Because of their surrounding habitat and the lack of readily available fuel mangrove forests are also not susceptible to forest fires.
Tiny"microbubbles"of gas boosted the power of the low-frequency sound waves.""The microbubbles grow and shrink in tune with the ultrasound pressure waves,
is characterized by a cluster of confounding symptoms that include chronic bloating, abdominal pain, gas, and bouts of relentless diarrhea, constipation, or both.
and fuels using genetically engineered bacteria-such as common E coli -while safeguarding the"microbial workers"from infection by other microbes and pathogens."
gas-generating calcium carbonate micro-particles that can be applied in powder form to stop critical bleeding.
The particles work by releasing carbon dioxide gas, like antacid tablets to propel them toward the source of bleeding.
and Israel that Tehran successfully reverse-engineered before turning it into their own cyber weapon to destroy the servers of Saudi arabia's national oil and natural gas company.
"Attacks by Iranian hackers have targeted the military, oil and gas, energy and utilities, transportation, airlines, airports, hospitals and aerospace industries, among others,
and oil and gas pipelines) had been attacked by Russian hackers using Blackenergy malware, ABC reported. It was not the first time hackers tried to cripple vital US infrastructure in 2012,
Scientists Enlist E coli To Make Planet-Saving Plastic Out Of Practically Nothing The Intertubes have buzzing with news of a new way to make plastic without using petroleum or petrochemicals.
Based on artificial photosynthesis, the process uses sunlight and carbon dioxide to make the building blocks for renewable plastics as well as fuels, paints,
Theye beginning to pop up in renewable fuel and reenchemical applications, and the one involved in the new artificial photosynthesis study is one of those.
Aside from producing renewable fuel and other products, you can use it to sequester waste carbon dioxide from industrial processes.
which don produce power on demand as a fossil fuel power plant does. For an individual consumer, having a battery behind the meter provides a great deal of flexibility in managing energy use.
Today, fossil fuels still dominate. However, the revolution is only now picking up steam. In fact, if we continue on at our current growth rate,
Beyond the obvious benefits of minimizing traditional fossil fuel energy technologies, the report also concludes that such a scale up of renewables in Africa s an affordable means to help meet fast-growing energy demand while increasing energy access, improving health,
which reacts with the inner platinum surface of the micromotors to generate a stream of oxygen gas bubbles that propel the micromotors around.
"If the micromotors can use the environment as fuel, they will be more scalable, environmentally friendly and less expensive,"said Kaufmann n
says Mr Shawyer. nce you no longer have to carry fuel with you, the possibilities are immense.
The new material also promises to improve automotive fuel economy because it combines light weight with heat resistancealthough syntactic foams have been around for many years,
powered by electricity instead of petrol. A 10.4 kilowatt-per-hour battery pack lasts 150 to 200 miles on a single charge, according to Lit Motors.
which are difficult to maintain, like underground buildings, motorways or oil rigs,'added Dr Jonkers.''It is extremely durable.
Canadian space firm Thoth has outlined plans for an elevator to space, potentially saving huge amounts of fuel and money that form part of the vast cost of launching rockets into orbit.
Ladee spacecraft confirms presence of the gas for the first time The presence of neon in the moon atmosphere has been a subject of speculation for decades.
Now, for the first time, scientists have confirmed the gas is not only present, but abundant on the moon. The discovery was made by analysing data sent back from Nasa Lunar Atmosphere and Dust environment Explorer,
While the gas is used in electric signs On earth, there is not enough neon to make the moon glow visibly,
the readings showed that some gas comes from lunar rocks. For example, Argon-40 comes from the decay of naturally occurring radioactive potassium-40,
Dr Benna believes this transient source of argon may be the result of enhanced outgassing-the release of a gas that was dissolved,
However, the craft lacked fuel to maintain a long-term lunar orbit or continue science operations and was sent intentionally into the lunar surface,
They throw 100 times more superheated gas, ash and rock into the atmosphere than run-of-the-mill eruptions-enough to blanket continents and plunge the globe into decades-long volcanic winters.
when they become a super-eruption, the resulting gigantic volcanic outbursts that throw 100 times more superheated gas,
Liquid-oxygen or kerosene rockets would be fired to enable the plane to rapidly climb higher in the sky
the fossil fuels burned to power the machinery, and the decomposition of organic material within the wastewater itself.
The reaction also yields excess hydrogen gas, which can be stored and harnessed as energy in a fuel cell.
The project will accept about 120,000 tons of food waste, 30,000 tons of fats, oils and greases,
Long island Compost also plans to convert the biogas to renewable natural gas that will be used to fuel its trucks on-site, reducing diesel consumption by 200,000 gallons annually.
An additional 1. 9 million gallons of diesel per year will be offset by injecting the remaining renewable gas produced by the digester into the National grid natural gas pipeline on Long island.
This will enable the gas to be used to fuel compressed natural gas vehicles in other areas. The project is part of the Cleaner, Greener Communities program, a statewide initiative encouraging communities to incorporate sustainability goals and principles into local plans and projects.
This includes reducing chlorinated solvents at industrial dry cleaning sites as well as petroleum cleanup projects. Plumestop is composed of very fine particles of activated carbon (1-2 m) suspended in water through the use of unique organic polymer dispersion chemistry.
began developing the material about four years ago for applications such as cleaning up oil or chemical spills
#Wood instead of petroleum: Producing chemical substances solely from renewable resources Petroleum might well be replaced by wood soon
when it comes to manufacturing chemical substances. Research has made now significant progress towards using sustainable biomass, like wood, as an alternative raw material for chemical production.
The process can be as cost-effective as the conventional petroleum product-based process and is less damaging to the environment."
or xylochemical, syntheses of substances for which petroleum products are employed usually as starting materials. This new work shows that the relevant carbon skeletons can be created solely from wood-based starting materials.
"Xylochemistry could represent an important alternative to the climate-damaging use of the earth's finite resources of natural oil and gas in the production of chemicals."
because of their chemical structure, are suited better than petroleum products for many applications. It is often necessary to subject the latter to extensive transformation processes before they acquire comparable functionality."
including water, oil, highly corrosive media, biological fluids containing bacteria and blood. Not only did the material repel all the liquid
a chemical produced by steam cracking of naphtha or by catalytic cracking of gas oil. Butadiene is an impurity in propene streams that must be removed from the stream through hydrogenation
This technique flows a mixture of methane, hydrogen and argon gases into a tube furnace.
At high temperatures, methane decomposes into carbon atoms that settle onto the germanium's surface to form a uniform graphene sheet.
Instead of the combustion of volatile chemicals, ion engines operate with chemically inert xenon gas. Using an electrostatic field,
the ionized gas is accelerated out of the nozzle, propelling the craft forward. This is the same type of thruster technology used on NASA Dawn spacecraft,
465-kilometer (910-mile) flight without a drop of fuel. The world's first aircraft powered by solar energy was to remain in Ahmedabad for two days before flying to the holy city of Varanasi on Saturday.
and vegetable wrapping foil but it is considered not yet a full alternative to traditional petroleum-based plastics,
LA will never fully replace petroleum-based plastics. For one thing, some objects, such as toilet drain pipes, are meant not to be biodegradable.
however, is that climatic shifts tied to rising concentrations of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere a direct result of burning fossil fuels can only make matters worse.
and to maximize the use of renewable fuels. While it can operate totally independent of a large central generator
An ebook From Forbes Find out what happened to the oil industrynd where it headed next. oth solar
Gundersen said. he extraction cost of fuels continues to rise, while technology costs continue to fall.
If a dangerous gas is detected in the air, or if a person using a restroom leaves it odorous,
Speculation that fossil fuel use overall is fast approaching a peak has been percolating for some time. A recent study published in the journal Fuel
and conducted by a team of resource geologists and environmental engineers in Australia and China suggested that global fossil fuel use would likely top out within the next 10 years,
and decline precipitously thereafter. They attributed much of this projection to decreased reliance on coal in China,
and economics are unlikely to be realized, given changes in energy consumption patterns in various countries and the status of ultimately recoverable fossil fuel resources globally. n a business-as usual situation,
and parts of Asia will strategically position themselves to be dependent on fossil fuel imports, said Gary Ellem,
The nearly limitless accessibility provided by smartphones fuels the idea that sharing things is more important than doing things.
said Magnus Egerstedt, Schlumberger Professor in Georgia Tech School of Electrical and Computer engineering, in a statement. nstead,
and efficiently create hydrogen fuel. his new system shatters all of the combined safety, performance, and stability records for artificial leaf technology by factors of 5 to 10
generating protons and electrons as well as oxygen gas. The photocathode recombines the protons and electrons to form hydrogen gas.
NO EXPLOSIONS A key part of the design is the plastic membrane, which keeps the oxygen and hydrogen gases separate.
the membrane lets the hydrogen fuel be collected separately under pressure and safely pushed into a pipeline.
so cannot be used to directly generate fuel. Previous work in Lewis laboratory led to a major advance in the design.
CHEAP CATALYST Another key advance is the use of active, inexpensive catalysts for fuel production. The photoanode requires a catalyst to drive the essential water-splitting reaction.
converts 10 percent of the energy in sunlight into stored energy in the chemical fuel,
and can operate for more than 40 hours continuously. ur work shows that it is indeed possible to produce fuels from sunlight safely and efficiently in an integrated system with inexpensive components,
you burn a little bit of gas.""By offloading some of the clutching muscle forces from the calf to the passive-elastic device,
and the Arab oil embargo of the 1970s made the Concorde economically unviable and it ended up as a tiny fleet, only flying with British airways and Air france because of French and British government pressure.
but also alter the center of pressure as the fuel and oxygen are burned to keep the aircraft properly trimmed.
#Finnish tech could let smartphones"see"gas Smartphones are already able to monitor things such as light, sound, movement and geographical location.
if a given gas is present, and in what amount. Among other things, it has been suggested that the device could be used to measure carbon dioxide concentrations.
San diego are also all working on smartphone gas sensors s
#Aluminum"yolk"nanoparticles deliver high-capacity battery recipe Researchers at MIT and Tsinghua University in China have found a way to more than triple the capacity of the anodes,
accelerating and braking, the system is said to be more efficient, meaning less fuel and carbon emissions as a result.
#Boron-doped graphene to enable ultrasensitive gas sensors As an atom-thick, two-dimensional material with high conductivity,
and may eventually lead to detectors with such sensitivity that they could detect infinitesimally tiny amounts of gas in the order of parts per quadrillion.
the researchers created sensors that are able to detect gas molecules at exceptionally low concentrations;
where they were compared then with known highly sensitive gas sensors. At the same time, the Novoselov lab at the University of Manchester, UK (where graphene was synthesized first
"This multidisciplinary research paves a new avenue for further exploration of ultrasensitive gas sensors, "says Dr. Avetik Harutyunyan,
or the detection of NOX leaks in automotive or industrial areas where exhaust fumes from engines containing the gas can prove lethal in confined spaces.
The scientists also believe that their theoretical research points towards using boron-doped graphene to improve such things as lithium-ion batteries by controlling generated gas levels for optimum efficiency y
#Teenage Girl Turns Plastic Trash Into Million-Dollar Biofuel An Egyptian teenager has discovered an inexpensive way to turn plastic trash into fuel
Azza Faiad ideas attracted the attention of the Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute. The institute gave the teen access to a lab
and its researchers in order to help refine her trash to fuel formula. Faiad discovered a cheap and plentiful catalyst called aluminisilicate that drastically reduces the cost of converting plastic waste into gases like methane and propane,
which can be turned into ethanol, what some scientists are calling iofuelbecause the organic chemicals from plastic polymers she extracts,
are the same chemicals extracted from vegetation to create ethanol biofuel. The process releases other chemicals that can also be recycled and sold.
Egypt produces a million tons of plastic trash every year, and it estimated Faiad process could convert that much trash into fuel worth$78 million every year.
In fact, she believes it could raise the total return to $163 million each year from Egypt plastic trash.
and she is now working on a patent for her trash to fuel process p
#Connecticut Becomes 1st State To end Chronic Homelessness Among Vets Connecticut officials announced Thursday they had become the first state in the nation to provide housing for every one of its chronically homeless veterans.
these problems can add up to rocketing fuel costs, excessive wear and tear, and the need to significantly oversize generators to cover relatively rare moments of fluctuating load,
For the grid at large, it could place strict limitations on how much renewable energy can be integrated before the need arises for excessive amounts of fossil fuel-fired power plants
Innovus is looking to maintain high fuel efficiency and the constant delivery of clean and stable power
while saving about 450,000 liters of fuel per year--a significant cost reduction for an island that must import all its fuel.
Mining companies pay roughly 70 cents per liter of diesel fuel, but often have to oversize their fixed-speed generator fleets to meet rare peaks in demand,
since it doesn imply any burning of fossil fuels. But pure battery systems still have a hard time penciling out in all but the most expensive fossil fuel markets.
Even if batteries get to the point where the round trip is more cost-effective than burning fossil fuel, hat greatfor Innovus,
Hoffman said. e still say, dispatch it when it there. But it in storage best interest to have fossil fuel,
or a fuel cell, or some dispatchable power source beyond your storage. t
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