(1400 C). his is a record performance in terms of thermal stability and a major advance for the field of thermophotovoltaicssays Shanhui Fan a professor of electrical engineering at Stanford university.
Fan and his colleagues at the University of Illinois-Urbana Champaign (Illinois) and North carolina State university collaborated on the project.
but in practice they don t achieve thatsays study co-author Paul Braun a professor of materials science at Illinois. hat s
and his colleagues at Stanford who confirmed that devices were still capable of producing infrared light waves that are ideal for running solar cells. hese results are unprecedentedsays former Illinois graduate student Kevin Arpin the lead author of the study. e demonstrated for the first time that ceramics
#There s a thermostat that stops neurons from spazzing out Brandeis University rightoriginal Studyposted by Leah Burrows-Brandeis on October 17 2013for the first time scientists have seen evidence in a living animal of a hermostatthat controls
and bring the brains of people suffering from such disorders back into balancesays Gina Turrigiano a professor at Brandeis University who led the study.
#Shortcut lets brain make memories in a flash Mcgill University rightoriginal Studyposted by Anita Kar-Mcgill U. on October 16 2013nerve cells have a special re-assemblytechnique that enables the brain to quickly form memories.
when it s the wrong timesays Wayne Sossin a neuroscientist at the Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital at Mcgill University and senior investigator on the paper. his is especially important with nerve cells in the brain as you only want the brain to make precise
#Drop an internet in the ocean to detect tsunamis University at Buffalo rightoriginal Studyposted by Cory Nealon-Buffalo on October 14 2013a deep-sea internet network is expected to improve the way scientists detect tsunamis monitor pollution
and analyze data from our oceans in real timesays Tommaso Melodia associate professor of electrical engineering at the University at Buffalo
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#Tiny water sensor embedded in plant stems Cornell University Posted by Krishna Ramanujan-Cornell on October 14 2013researchers are completing soil tests on a water sensor within a fingertip-sized silicon chip
and develop something that is not only a great improvement but also much cheaper for growers and others to usesays Alan Lakso professor of horticulture at Cornell University.
The sensors make use of microfluidic technologyâ##developed by Abraham Stroock associate professor of chemical and biomolecular engineeringâ##that places a tiny cavity inside the chip.
and linked wirelessly to computers allows growers toâ ontrol the precise moisture of blocks of land based on target goalssays Vinay Pagay who helped develop the chip as a doctoral student in Lakso s lab
The researchers led by Rice graduate student Changsheng Xiang produced thin films of the composite material by solution casting GNRS treated with hexadecane and TPU a block copolymer of polyurethane that combines hard and soft materials.
University of Ljubljana Slovenia; University of Szeged Hungary; and Cochin University of Science and Technology India.
The Air force Research Laboratory through the University Technology Corp. the Office of Naval Research MURI graphene program and the Air force Office of Scientific research MURI program supported the research.
Source: Rice Universityyou are free to share this article under the Creative Commons Attribution-Noderivs 3. 0 Unported license u
#Signs of water detected in exoplanet s debris University of Warwick rightoriginal Studyposted by Anna Blackaby-Warwick on October 11 2013the remains of a water-rich rocky exoplanet have been discovered outside
our solar system orbiting a white dwarf star 170 light years away. Using observations obtained with the Hubble Space Telescopeâ
and debris that has been pulled into the orbit of its dying parent starâ#says Boris Gänsicke professor of physics at the University of Warwick. owever this planetary graveyard swirling around the embers of its parent star is a rich source
##and maybe still existâ##in the GD 61 system and likely also around substantial number of similar parent starssays lead author Jay Farihi from the Institute of Astronomy at the University of Cambridge. hese water-rich building blocks
Using a sophisticated computer model of the white dwarf atmosphere developed by Detlev Koester at the University of Kiel they were able to infer the chemical composition of the shredded minor planet.
University of Warwickyou are free to share this article under the Creative Commons Attribution-Noderivs 3. 0 Unported license h
The challenge for Angel Mart assistant professor of chemistry and bioengineering at Rice university and his team of student researchers was to get their large metallic particles through the much smaller pores of a zeolite cage.
The relatively simple technique which two undergraduate alumni initially developed and studied could provide a scalable inexpensive platform to monitor toxic vapors from industrial solvents.
to detect three distinct characteristics for each vapor a team led by graduate student Avishek Saha built a 3d plot to map the fingerprints of 17 types of solvents.
A team of researchers led by Professor Jaswinder Singh of Mcgill University s Department of Plant science has identified a key gene that acts as a switch to determine how a particular plant will respond to high humidity
versus PHS susceptible varieties of wheat. his discovery is important for other cereals like barley as well as for wheatsays Surinder Singh a doctoral student
and one of the authors of the study currently working in Professor Singh s laboratory. his means that not only should we be able to avoid the ugly bread
#Lava pillars in Iceland may have formed without a boom University at Buffalo rightoriginal Studyposted by Charlotte Hsu-Buffalo on October 9 2013land-based lava pillars in Iceland may have formed through an unusual reaction typically seen
That finding is more likely than the one that suggests the rocky pillars dotting Icelandâ#Skaelingar valley were tossed projectiles into the fields by warring trollsâ##a theory University at Buffalo geologist Tracy Gregg heard from a tour guide and local hiker.
when lava and water meet in aerial environments the water instantly flashes to steamsays Gregg associate professor of geology. hatâ#a volume increase of eight timesâ##boom.?
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materialsays Jun Lou an associate professor of mechanical engineering and materials science at Rice university. verybody has been talking about these materials for electronic
and they stand up to such ultrahigh temperaturessays Pulickel Ajayan professor of mechanical engineering and materials science and of chemistry. t a few nanometers wide they'##re a totally noninvasive coating.
They take almost no space at all. ther researchers from Rice university the University of Texas at Austin Oak ridge National Laboratory
and the National University of Singapore contributed to the study which was supported by Army Research Office the Office of Naval Research the Welch Foundation the Korean Institute of Machinery and Materials the National Science Foundation Oak ridge National Laboratory and the Department of energy.
#Chemical program controls synthetic DNA California Institute of technology University of Washington rightoriginal Studyposted by Michelle Ma-Washington on October 7 2013soon chemists could use a structured set of instructions##like using Python
Chemists and educators teach and use chemical reaction networks a century-old language of equations that describes how mixtures of chemicals behave.
and then use DNA to build the molecules that realize the desired dynamicssays corresponding author Georg Seelig am assistant professor of electrical engineering
and of computer science and engineering at the University of Washington. he vision is that eventually you can use this technology to build general-purpose tools. urrently
Additional co-authors of the paper contributed from University of Washington; University of California San francisco; California Institute of technology;
and Microsoft Research. The National Science Foundation the Burroughs Wellcome Fund and the National Centers for Systems Biology supported the research.
University of Washingto h
#This electron accelerator is smaller than a grain of rice Stanford university rightoriginal Studyposted by Mike Ross-Stanford on September 30 2013researchers have used a laser to accelerate electrons at a rate 10 times higher than conventional technology
Stanford applied physics Professor Robert Byer the principal investigator for this research. Today s accelerators use microwaves to boost the energy of electrons.
A collaborating research group in Germany led by Peter Hommelhoff at Friedrich Alexander University and the Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics has been looking for such a solution.
The study s lead authors were Stanford graduate students Edgar Peralta and Ken Soong. Additional contributors included researchers from the University of California-Los angeles and Tech-X Corp. in Boulder Colo.
Source: Stanford Universityyou are free to share this article under the Creative Commons Attribution-Noderivs 3. 0 Unported license
Cornell University rightoriginal Studyposted by Blaine Friedlander-Cornell on September 30 2013with estimates that 15 to 40 percent of the world s species will be lost over the next 40 years due to warming
in optical resonators the pitch corresponds to the color or wavelength of the lightsays Kerry Vahala professor of information science and technology and applied physics at the California Institute of technology (Caltech.
Here is the proof. xperts say the achievement will galvanize efforts to find successors to silicon chips which could soon encounter physical limits that might prevent them from delivering smaller faster cheaper electronic devices. arbon nanotubes CNTS have long been considered as a potential successor to the silicon transistorsays Professor
Jan Rabaey a world expert on electronic circuits and systems at the University of California Berkeley.
Professor Giovanni De Micheli director of the Institute of Electrical engineering at Ã#cole Polytechnique FÃ dã rale de Lausanne in Switzerland highlighted two key contributions the Stanford
The Stanford team used this imperfection-immune design to assemble a basic computer with 178 transistors a limit imposed by the fact that they used the university s chip-making facilities rather than an industrial fabrication process.
In a demonstration of its potential the researchers also showed that the CNT COMPUTER could run MIPS a commercial instruction set developed in the early 1980s by then Stanford engineering professor and now university President John Hennessy.
Though it could take years to mature the Stanford approach points toward the possibility of industrial-scale production of carbon nanotube semiconductors according to Naresh Shanbhag a professor at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
The National Science Foundation SONIC the Stanford Graduate Fellowship and the Hertz Foundation Fellowship funded the work.
University of Chicago rightoriginal Studyposted by Steve Koppes-Chicago on September 25 2013scientists are closer to understanding deep earthquakes which occur
and shock waves. e are capturing the physics of deep earthquakessays Yanbin Wang a senior scientist at the University of Chicago who helps run the X-ray facility at Argonne National Laboratory where the research occurred. ur experiments show that for the first time laboratory
The work was conducted at the Geosoilenvirocars beamline operated by University of Chicago at the Advanced Photon Source housed at Argonne.
More than 20 years ago geologist Harry Green of University of California Riverside and colleagues discovered a high-pressure failure mechanism that they proposed then was sought the long mechanism of very deep earthquakes (earthquakes
Study authors contributed from the Ecole Normale Supã rieure in France Universitã de Granoble in France the University of Chicago and UMET CNRS â##Universitã Lille 1 and UC Riverside.
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and because cell walls are very complex says Mei Hong one of the project s lead researchers a professor of chemistry at Iowa State university.
and we are quite happy that the DNP NMR technology is so useful for understanding this plant biochemistry questionsays Hong also a faculty scientist with the US Department of energy s Ames Laboratory.
and thus better harvest bioenergy. ong and Daniel Cosgrove professor and chair in biology at Penn State are the lead authors.
Now imagine as many as 10000 of our suns crammed into that relatively small space. his galaxy is more massive than any ultra-compact drawfs of comparable sizesays Jay Strader assistant professor of physics
and produce electricity that is captured by the battery s positive electrode. e call it fishing for electronssays Craig Criddle a professor in the department of civil and environmental engineering at Stanford university.
but silver is too expensive for use at large scalesays Yi Cui an associate professor of materials science and engineering. hough the search is under way for a more practical material finding a substitute will take time. ource:
#Earth s inner core spins faster than rest of planet University of Leeds rightoriginal Studyposted by Ben Jones-U. Leeds on September 17 2013the Earth s
and Environment at the University of Leeds. he magnetic field pushes eastwards on the inner core causing it to spin faster than the Earth
The study was a collaboration between the University of Leeds and The swiss Federal Institute of technology Zurich.
University of Leedsyou are free to share this article under the Creative Commons Attribution-Noderivs 3. 0 Unported license
but there are significant challenges in achieving true nanoscale dimension. ur work demonstrates that processes of polymer self-assembly can provide a way around this limitationsays John Rogers professor of materials science and engineering at University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.
Combining jet printing with self-assembling block copolymers enabled the engineers to attain the much higher resolution as suggested by lead author Serdar Onses a postdoctoral scientist at Illinois. Onses earned his doctorate at the University of Wisconsin
under Paul Nealey now professor of molecular engineering at the University of Chicago and a co-author of the paper in Nature Nanotechnology. his concept turned out to be really usefulrogers says.
The resolution of the chemical pattern nears the current limit of traditional photolithography notes Lance Williamson a graduate student in molecular engineering at University of Chicago
Back at the University of Illinois engineers place a block copolymer atop this pattern. The block copolymer self-organizes directed by the underlying template to form patterns that are at much higher resolution than the template itself.
I am optimistic about the possibilities. esearchers from Hanyang University in Korea also contributed to the study
and that the ocean biosphere can recover from even the most dramatic ecological changes says second author Daniel Sigman professor of geological
Douglas Capone a professor and chair of biological sciences at the University of Southern California says that the research is notable both for understanding the nitrogen cycle
along with throwing light on the major controls on this key process over long time scales. dditional researchers from Princeton The swiss Institute of technology in Zurich (ETH) and Columbia University Lamont-doherty earth observatory.
but can actually create it from scratchsays Joseph Heitman the study s senior author and professor and chair of molecular genetics and microbiology at the Duke university School of medicine.
and his colleagues former fellow Min Ni and current graduate student Marianna Feretzaki grew the microbe in two different ways,
#Glass just two atoms thick shatters world record Cornell University rightoriginal Studyposted by Anne Ju-Cornell on September 12 2013a aneof glass so impossibly thin that its individual silicon
Just two atoms in thickness the glass was an accidental discovery says David A. Muller professor of applied
and engineering physics at Cornell University. Scientists at Cornell and Germany s University of Ulm had been making graphene a two-dimensional sheet of carbon atoms in a chicken wire crystal formation on copper foils in a quartz furnace.
They noticed some uckon the graphene and upon further inspection found it to be composed of the elements of everyday glass silicon and oxygen.
Julia R. Greer professor of materials science and mechanics at the California Institute of technology (Caltech) says the work was inspired by earlier work to fabricate extremely lightweight microtrusses. e designed architectures with building blocks that are less than five microns
In an advance online publication of the journal Nature Materials Greer and her students describe how the new structures were made
#Catalyst makes tiny rods swim to target University of Warwick rightoriginal Studyposted by Anna Blackaby-Warwick on September 10 2013putting a bit of catalyst on the ends of microscopic atchstickscan propel them through water to a specific chemical report researchers.
at the University of Warwick. t may even provide some insight into how rod shapes were selected for self-propelled microscopic shapes in the natural world. he team has now found a way to do it by simply adding a chemical in a specific spot
University of Warwic o
#Laser pinpoints tiniest traces of explosive Michigan State university rightoriginal Studyposted by Layne Cameron-Michigan State on September 9 2013a bomb-detecting laser that can find micro-traces of explosive
and their belongings quicklysays Marcos Dantus chemistry professor at Michigan State university. ot only does it detect the explosive material
The research has been led by Professor Mark Mon-Williams and Liam Hill at the University of Leeds in partnership with the Bradford Institute for Health Research and colleagues at the University of Indiana. n trying to support a child with handwriting
and coordination difficulties one of the major challenges teachers and occupational therapists come up against time and again is limited the time they have to work one-to-one with each childhill says. n this respect haptic robotic technologies have huge potential efficiency benefits. hey provide a means by which children can receive supported practice at a level
which adjusts to their growing abilities without the need for one-to-one interaction with a therapist. anks of these systems could be used simultaneously by multiple children in a clinic
or in the classroom setting under the supervision of a single overseeing professional. esearchers carried out the first United kingdom pilot of the device with a small number of five-to seven-year-old children with a wide range of manual abilities.
Differences in performance between children previously identified by their classroom teachers as having handwriting difficulties were also noticeable.
and pesticides says team member Gwyn Beattie a professor of plant pathology and bacteriology at Iowa State university.
and the School of Mathematics and Physics at the University of Queensland. his is a process by
University of Queenslan N
#Untangled DNA is how guys become guys University of Queensland rightoriginal Studyposted by Bronwyn Adams-Queensland on September 9 2013.
An enzyme that nravelsdna appears to trigger male development of the embryo a finding that may give greater insight into intersex disorders.
or female says Peter Koopman a professor from the University of Queensland s Institute for Molecular Bioscience. ost mammals including humans
University of Queenslandyou are free to share this article under the Creative Commons Attribution-Noderivs 3. 0 Unported license r
lead author and a former research scientist at Rice Unversity who is now an assistant professor at Wayne State university in Detroit. e found that a clay-based membrane electrolyte is a game-changing breakthrough that overcomes one of the key limitations of high
but it turned up in an earlier survey of genes involved in leaf senesce says Su-Sheng Gan professor of horticulture at Cornell University.
#How slow-wave sleep helps us learn Boston University Brown University Posted by David Orenstein-Brown on August 22 2013brown (US)# Scientists have pinpointed the brainwave frequencies
and brain region associated with sleep-enhanced learning of a finger-tapping task akin to typing
#The mechanisms of memory consolidations regarding motor memory learning were still uncertain until now#says Masako Tamaki a postdoctoral researcher at Brown University
Scientists have shown that sleep improves many kinds of learning including the kind of sequential finger-tapping motor tasks addressed in the study
It s an intensive activity for the brain to consolidate learning and so the brain may benefit from sleep perhaps
or because distractions and new inputs are fewer says corresponding author Yuka Sasaki a research associate professor in the department of cognitive linguistic & psychological sciences.#
and their team asked each of their 15 subjects to volunteer for the motor learning experiments.
Visual learning next? In all the experimenters tracked five different oscillation frequencies in eight brain regions (four distinct regions on each of the brain s two sides.
since a project to further study how the brain consolidates learning. In this case they re looking at visual learning tasks.#
#Will we see similar effects?##Sasaki asks.##Would it be with similar frequency bands and a similar organization of neighboring brain areas?#
#In addition to Tamaki Sasaki and Watanabe other authors on the paper contributed from Boston University MGH National Taiwan University and Arizona State university.
#Surprise virus caused blue chicken eggs University of Nottingham rightoriginal Studyposted by Emma Rayner-Nottingham on August 20 2013u.
In this case the retrovirus effect was to trigger an accumulation of a green-blue bile pigment called biliverdin in the eggshell as the egg develops in the hen.
and Asian chickens#says team leader David Wragg a doctoral research fellow at University of Nottingham.#
#Rare breedsprofessor Olivier Hanotte initiated the work after becoming curious about blue eggs on a trip to Brazil where he met Professor Jos##Antonio Alcalde a co-author of the paper.#
and the University of Sydney in Australia. Source: University of Nottinghamyou are free to share this article under the Creative Commons Attribution-Noderivs 3. 0 Unported license t
#Genes from the father build the placenta CORNELL (US)- Placentas support the fetus and mother but new research with horses mules and donkeys confirms that the father provides the genetic blueprints for the organ.
This is the first study to offer an unbiased profile of novel imprinted genes in a mammal other than mice says lead author Xu Wang a postdoctoral associate in the laboratory of senior author Andrew Clark professor
of molecular biology and genetics at Cornell University. Using mouse studies only about 100 genes with imprinted expression had been identified.
what breeders call the maternal grandsire effect says co-senior author Doug Antczak equine geneticist at Cornell s College of Veterinary medicine.
#Add arsenic to magnesium to make it stainless Monash University rightoriginal Studyposted by Emily Walker-Monash on August 19 2013monash U. AUS)# Adding a little arsenic to magnesium slows down the metal s corrosion
A team led by Nick Birbilis an associate professor of materials engineering at Monash University found that the addition of very low levels of arsenic to magnesium retards the corrosion reaction by effectively#poisoning#the reaction before it completes.
associate professor of engineering science and mechanics at Penn State. sing a bubble has a lot of advantages. he main advantage of a bubble lens is just how quickly
Yongmin Liu, assistant professor of mechanical and industrial engineering, and electrical and computer engineering at Northeastern University, worked with Nicholas Fang, associate professor of mechanical engineering at MIT,
to analyze the results and develop simulations; and Yanhui Zhao, graduate student in engineering science and mechanics at Penn State, fabricated the materials.
The National institutes of health, the National Science Foundation, and the Penn State Center for Nanoscale Science funded this study.
#This system should enable a new set of precision microsensors capable of beating standard limits set by quantum mechanics#says Oskar Painter a professor of applied physics at Caltech
#We work with a material that s very plain in terms of its optical properties#says Amir Safavi-Naeini a graduate student in Painter s group
#Ice may explain odd craters on Mars Brown University right Original Studyposted by Kevin Stacey-Brown on August 6 2013brown (US) More than 600 double-layer craters on Mars may have been caused by debris
Recent discoveries by planetary geoscientists at Brown and elsewhere have shown that the climate of Mars has varied in the past says James W. Head professor of geological science at Brown University.
In the scenario Head and graduate student David Kutai Weiss describe in the journal Geophysical Research Letters the impact blasts through the ice layer spitting rock and other ejecta out onto the surrounding ice.
Brown University you are free to share this article under the Creative Commons Attribution-No Derivs 3. 0 Unported license c
says Lee Hickey a research fellow at University of Queensland. The discovery will enable selective breeding of barley that will provide genetic protection to the disease.
the University of Sydne; and Uruguay's Instituto de Investigacion Agropecaria. The Grains Research and development Corporation partially funded the study.
University of Queenslan n
#Compact graphene device could shrink supercapacitors Monash University rightoriginal Studyposted by Emily Walker-Monash on August 5 2013monash U. AUS)# A new strategy to engineer graphene-based supercapacitors could make them viable
for widespread use in renewable energy storage portable electronics and electric vehicles. Supercapacitors are made generally of highly porous carbon impregnated with a liquid electrolyte to transport the electrical charge.
Dan Li a materials engineering professor at Monash University and his team created a supercapacitor with energy density of 60 watt-hours per liter#comparable to lead-acid batteries and around 12 times higher than commercially available supercapacitors.#
#Robots show how alcohol calms fear in fish New york University rightoriginal Studyposted by James Devitt-NYU on July 31 2013nyu (US)# Bio-inspired robots that look like predators can scare fish
Maurizio Porfiri associate professor of mechanical and aerospace engineering at the Polytechnic institute of New york University (NYU-Poly) and Simone Macr##a collaborator at the Istituto Superiore di Sanit##in Rome Italy published their findings
Scary robotporfiri and Macri along with students Valentina Cianca and Tiziana Bartolini hypothesized that robots could be used to induce fear as well as affinity
#The National Science Foundation the Honors Center of Italian Universities and the Mitsui USA Foundation supported the research.
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